Kingdom Protista
I. General Characteristics
A. ________________________-Membrane bound _______________ with organelles.
B. Many are ________________________
C. Difficult to classify because they have characteristics of ______________________
D. Explain the Endosymbiont hypothesis-
Protozoans (Animal-like Protists)
I. General Characteristics
A. ____________________________
B. ___________________________.
II. Classification - Mainly by how they move)
A. Phylum _____________________-move by cilia - e.g. paramecium
B. Phylum Zoomastigina-move by ________________ - e.g. trypanosoma
C. Phylum Sarcodina-move by ____________________ (false feet) - e.g.Ameba
D. Phylum Sporozoa-non-motile, _____________, therefore it depends on host’s
circulation -e.g. Plasmodium vivax.
III. Body Plan
 In your notebooks have a labeled drawing of an Ameba and a Paramecium.
IV. Movement (see classification)
V. Feeding & Digestion
A. Most use ________________________.
B. Parasites absorb digested food directly from the _____________.
C. _______________________ - within the cell.
VI. Circulation, respiration and excretion
A. Accomplished by __________________
B. Why no systems or organs?
VII. Nervous responses
o Light, touch and chemically sensitive.
VIII. Reproduction
A. Asexual:
1. ____________________________ is the most common form.
B. Sexual:
1. Some reproduce by _____________________ See figure 20-6 page 502
C. Life cycle of Plasmodium vivax (page 503 figure 20-7)
1. Female ___________________ mosquito bites an _______________ person and sucks
up the blood containing _______________ of Plasmodium vivax.

(Why only female mosquitoes?)
2. In the gut of the mosquito sperm fertilizes egg to form _____________, which
mature into __________________.
3. Sporozoites move to mosquito’s ________________________.
4. When she bites an uninfected human, she spits ___________ containing
_____________________ into the person.
5. The sporozoites move through the human’s blood stream and enters
___________________________.
a) They multiply and change into ________________, in the liver cells.
6. After a week, merozoites erupt out of liver cells and enter _______________
(RBC’s).
7. They produce sex cells, which burst out of the RBC’s every _____________ causing
reoccurring ______________, ______________ and _______________.
IX. Harmful effects of protozoans
A. _______________________ - contaminated food or water; bloody diarrhea
B. ________________ - Giardia lamblia; contaminated water; explosive diarrhea
C. __________________ - Plasmodium vivax
D. ________________________________ - Trypanosoma gambiense; vector is the
tse-tse fly; fever, weakness and lethargy
X. Beneficial effects of protozoans
A. Helps recycle dead organic material.
B. _____________________________, like trichonnymphia and termites stomach.
C. Primary part of the food chain.
Algae (Plantlike Protists)
I. General Characteristics
A. Both unicellular and multicellular forms
B. All are _________________________.
C. Have no _____________ or ______________ like real plants
II. Classification- mainly by their pigment, cell wall chemistry, number and position of flagella and
food storage.
A. Phylum ___________________-Unicellular with a flagella and are both
heterotrophic as well as autotrophic - e.g. euglena
B. Phylum ______________________-Have two flagella “dinoflagellates” - e.g. Gonyanlix
(red tide organism) and the fluorescent tides.
C. Phylum ________________________-Inner layer of cell wall is made of pectin and SiO2
(glass) e.g. diatoms.
D. Phylum ________________________ many are unicellular and photosynthetic; all have
yellow- pigments.
E. Phylum____________________ Multicellular colonial algae -e.g. red kelp
F. Phylum__________________-Multicellular colonial algae -e.g. brown kelp
G. Phylum_______________________-unicellular, colonial and multicellular green algae.
III. Body plan- draw euglena page 395, fig. 18-18
IV. Movement
A. Some use flagella like ___________________ and _____________________.
B. some are ________________________
C. some are sessile like ___________
V. Circulation, respiration, and excretion
o All by ______________________
VI. Reproduction
A. Asexual
1. ________________________________
2. Production of __________________
B. Sexual
1. ___________________________ in spirogyra
2. Alternation of _______________________ in some algae figure 20-18 page 514labeled drawing in notebook
VII. Harmful effects of algae
A. Algal blooms - ________________________________
B. Eutrophication C. Psisteria are ___________________________________
VIII. Beneficial effects
A. Produces a great deal of _______________ for the atmosphere.
B. _________________________ for some people and animals
C. Used to make ______________ a thickening agent in jellies and other foods.
D. Diatomaceous earth is used for:
1. ___________________ material for water filters in pools and aquariums.
2. _________________ and _________________ powders
3. Tooth paste
4. Stabilizing _____________________