Name
Date
Class
Chapter 8
PAGE KEELEY
SCIENCE
PROBES
Note-taking
Where Do Volcanoes Form?
Five friends were talking about volcanoes. They each had different ideas about where
volcanoes form. This is what they said:
Izzy: I think most volcanoes form over hot spots in the ocean.
Anne: I think most volcanoes form in areas where earthquakes can occur.
Matt: I think most volcanoes form in areas where there are no earthquakes.
Cole: I think volcanoes can form anywhere on the earth. There are no particular areas
where volcanoes are more likely to form.
Benchmark Practice
Chapter Review
Circle the friend with whom you most agree. Explain why you agree with that friend.
Robert Glusic/Getty Images
252
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Study Guide
Inquiry Lab
Eben: I think most volcanoes form in places where it is warm.
Name
Date
Note-taking
Class
Chapter 8
1 The Practice of Science
3 The Role of Theories, Laws, Hypotheses, and
Models
6 Earth Structures
THINK
ABOUT
IT!
What causes earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions?
Before You Read
Before you read the chapter, think about what you know about earthquakes and volcanoes.
In the first column, write three things you already know about these natural events. In the
second column, record three things that you would like to learn more about. When you have
completed the chapter, think about what you have learned and complete the What I Learned
column.
K
What I Know
W
What I Want to Learn
L
What I Learned
Inquiry Lab
Lesson 2
NEW
NEW
earthquake
fault
seismic wave
focus
epicenter
primary wave
secondary wave
surface wave
seismologist
seismometer
seismogram
volcano
magma
lava
hot spot
shield volcano
composite volcano
cinder cone
volcanic ash
viscosity
Chapter Review
Lesson 1
Study Guide
ACADEMIC
dissolve
REVIEW
plate boundary
convergent
Benchmark Practice
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Note-taking
Chapter Vocabulary
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
253
Lesson 1 Earthquakes
LA.6.2.2.3, MA.6.A.3.6, SC.7.E.6.5, SC.7.E.6.7, SC.7.N.1.1, SC.8.N.3.1
Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts
you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate.
What are earthquakes?
I found this on page
Where do earthquakes
occur?
I found this on page
.
I found this on page
.
Summarize the distribution of earthquakes on Earth.
Categorize information about the relationship between
earthquake events and plate boundaries.
Boundary
Type
Depth of
Earthquake
Other Details
Convergent
boundaries
Divergent
boundaries
Study Guide
Convergent
boundaries
involving two
continents
I found this on page
.
Illustrate rock deformation, and write a short description of how
Chapter Review
this process works.
Benchmark Practice
Drawing
254
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Description
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Inquiry Lab
Note-taking
Define earthquakes.
.
Lesson 1 | Earthquakes (continued)
I found this on page
.
Describe each type of fault.
Type of
Fault
Description
Location
Strike-slip
Normal
Note-taking
Reverse
.
Distinguish between an earthquake’s focus and its epicenter.
Inquiry Lab
Seismic Waves
I found this on page
Compare the 3 types of seismic waves. Provide at least three
.
details about each type.
Type of
Fault
Study Guide
Description
Primary
waves
(P-waves)
Chapter Review
Secondary
waves
(S-waves)
Benchmark Practice
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
I found this on page
Surface
waves
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
255
Lesson 1 | Earthquakes (continued)
Mapping Earth’s
Interior
I found this on page
Identify what scientists have discovered about Earth’s interior by
studying seismic waves.
.
Inner and outer core:
Mantle:
.
Distinguish between a seismometer and a seismogram.
Seismometer
I found this on page
.
Seismogram
Sequence the steps followed in locating an earthquake’s
epicenter.
Find the arrival time difference.
Study Guide
Determine the
between the appearance
of the first
the seismogram.
and the first
on
Find the distance to the epicenter.
Chapter Review
Use a
to determine
time difference on the
epicenter on the
. Find the
. Read the distance from the
.
Plot the distance on the map.
Benchmark Practice
Draw a
around the seismometer location so that all
points are the same distance from the station determined in Step 2.
Repeat these steps for at least
more seismometer
locations. The epicenter is
.
256
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
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Inquiry Lab
Note-taking
I found this on page
Lesson 1 | Earthquakes (continued)
Determining
Earthquake Magnitude
I found this on page
Compare and contrast the Richter magnitude scale, the moment
magnitude scale, and the Modified Mercalli scale.
.
Richter Magnitude Scale
The scale uses the amount of
at a given
from an earthquake
to determine
.
All
Measure the size, or intensity, of
an earthquake
Note-taking
Moment Magnitude Scale
Modified Mercalli Scale
Measures the
Measures the
that
released by an earthquake;
energy released depends on:
3. the
of the rocks.
that
Scale ranges from
to
I found this on page
.
Record four indicators that seismologists use to determine
earthquake risk.
Study Guide
1.
2.
3.
4.
Analyze It
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
257
Benchmark Practice
Explain why two different earthquakes with the same Richter magnitude
scale readings could have very different Modified Mercalli scale numbers.
Chapter Review
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2. the
occurs;
;
Inquiry Lab
1. the size of the
results from
Determined based on