CHAPTER 2
True/False Questions
1.
The ability of the public police and private security authorities to prevent and
detect crime has not improved in the last few decades. [F, p. 20]
2.
The UCR was conceived in 1929 by the International Association of Chiefs of
Police to meet a need for reliable, uniform crime statistics for the nation. [T, p.
21]
3.
The UCR is a semi-annual report that includes the number of crimes reported by
citizens to local police departments and the number of arrests made by law
enforcement agencies in a given year. [F, p. 21]
4.
The UCR prepares an annual crime index that separates crimes into two
categories, Part I and Part II crimes. [T, p. 21]
5.
The FBI’s Uniform Crime Report compiles data from monthly law enforcement
reports or individual crime incident records transmitted directly to the FBI or to
centralized state agencies that then report to the FBI. [T, p.22 ]
6.
The NCVS collects information on crimes suffered by individuals and households
and is based on crimes reported to law enforcement. [F, p. 22]
7.
The NCVS was designed with four primary objectives which include: to estimate
the numbers and types of crimes that are not reported to police. [T, p. 23]
8.
General deterrence proposes that persons will engage in criminal activity if they
do not fear apprehension and punishment. [T, p. 25]
9.
Incapacitation aims to prevent future crimes by persuading the criminal’s desire to
commit such acts. [F, p. 26]
10.
In crime prevention, primary prevention addresses the conditions in the natural
environment that may lead to the development of crime. [T, p. 29]
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Key Terms – Matching
1
A category of crimes that includes robbery, simple assault, aggravated assault,
sexual assault, and murder. [j]
2.
A theory of justice whereby the aim of punishment is to prevent or deter persons
from engaging in future criminal behavior because of the consequences
associated with their being detected. [f]
3.
A punishment with the objective of deterring other persons from following the
example of the offender, for fear of the same consequences that have been
inflicted on the offender. [h]
4.
A component of deterrence proposing that if the offender is locked up in jail or
prison, he or she cannot commit crimes. [g]
5.
The eight major crimes included in Part I of the FBI’s Uniform Crime Report.
[b]
6.
Conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau. The
survey consists of questions asked of a carefully selected sample of victims
regarding their experiences with criminal activity. [i]
7.
A category of crime that includes burglary, larceny, theft, auto theft, arson,
shoplifting, and vandalism. [c]
8.
Seeks to reduce opportunities for specific categories of crime by increasing the
associated risks and difficulties and reducing the rewards. [a]
9.
Focuses on the individual offender. The aim of punishment is to discourage the
offender from performing future criminal acts by instilling an understanding of
the consequences. [e]
10.
A crime prevention technique that involves strengthening the security of a
residence, business, or other structure with a view toward reducing or
minimizing the risk of attack. [d ]
Terms
a.
c.
e.
g.
i.
Situational crime prevention
Property crime
Special deterrence
Incapacitation
NCVS
b.
d.
f.
h.
j.
Index crimes
Target hardening
Deterrence
General deterrence
Crimes against persons
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Multiple Choice Questions
1
The most common reason given for not reporting a violent crime is
a. victim was afraid of the offender.
*b. the crime was considered by the victim to be a private or personal matter.
[p. 21]
c. the victim did not trust the police.
d. the victim did not have the time.
2.
Which of the below offenses is not an index crime?
a. burglary
*b. forgery [ p. 22]
c. motor vehicle theft
d. arson
3.
The primary source of information on the characteristics of criminal victimization
and on the numbers and types of crimes that are not reported to law enforcement
authorities.
a. Annual reports
*b. NCVS [ p. 22]
c. UCR
d. UCS
4.
―The murder rate is 7.0. How many murders were committed in Space City last
year whose population was 300,000?
a. 7.0
b. 70
*c. 21 [p. 24]
d. 210
5.
Research on crime patterns has shown that crime events are not simply a
function of where criminals live but also reflect the
*a. concentration of opportunities for crime. [p. 31]
b. political makeup of the area.
c. police coverage of the area.
d. number of unemployed in the area.
57