M
MC - Ques
stions
1. Ho
ow we can co
ontrol positional complica
ations?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pre--operative patient
p
evalua
ation
Intra
a-operative patient eval uation
Posst- operative patient eval uation
All of
o the above
ne of the follo
owing is not used
u
as DVT
T (deep veno
ous thrombos
sis) prophylaaxis
2. On
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Elastic stockings
s
uential press
sure pumps
Sequ
Warffarin
LMW
WH
UFH
H
3. Po
ostoperative dysphagia
d
ca
an be reduce
ed by
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Carefful retraction of soft tissu e
Nasa
al intubation
NSAIIDs
Left side
s
approac
ch
High speed drill and
a continuou
us irrigation
4. Wh
hich of the fo
ollowing helps to diagnosse great vess
sel injury as soon
s
as posssible?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Amou
unt of bleedin
ng during su rgery
Chan
nges in vital signs
s
Dorsa
alis pedis arttery pulse
Abdo
ominal sonography
Abdo
ominal vessels angiograp
phy
5. The best appro
oach for an osteoporotic
o
sspine is
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
eased screw diameter
Incre
Rein
nforcement with
w cement, w
wires, hooks
s
Cem
ment in the ap
pical vertebra
a
Braccing after surrgery
Sacrral ala screws
n after verteb
hat is the lea
ast common cause
c
of pain
broplasty?
6. Wh
1.
2.
3.
4.
ment leakage
Cem
Hem
matoma
Pneu
umothorax
Fraccture of the pedicle AOSpinee Middle East Stettbacchstrasse 6, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerla
and Phone: ++41 44 200 24 49, FFax: +41 44 200 24 1
12 aosme@
@aospine.org, www
w.aospine.org 7. Wh
hich of the fo
ollowing is the
e most proba
able sign of pseudarthros
p
sis?
1.
2.
3.
4.
New
w LBP 4-6 mo
onths post-su
urgery
Scre
ew breakage in static x-ra
ays
3 degrees of ang
gular motion in dynamic x-rays
x
A cle
eft in the bon
ny fusion masss on axial CT
C images
8. The best evide
ence in the literature for b
bone substitu
utes in lumba
ar dorsal deg enerative an
nd in juvenile
e
scolio
osis surgery is given for
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
BMP
P (bone mo
orphogenic p
protein)
ß-TC
CP (tricalcium
m-phosphate
e)
HA
(hydroxya
apatite)
M (demineralized bone matrix)
DBM
Allog
graft
MPLANT failure is common in
9. IM
1.
2.
3.
4.
Oste
eoporotic patients
Morb
bid BMI
Non Fusion Tech
hnique
All of the above
Which is the best
b
implant in congenita
al scoliosis when too muc
ch growth is rremaining in a growing
10. W
very yyoung baby?
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
PEE
EK cage
Rod -Screw
andable Titan
nium cage
Expa
VEP
PTR
Grow
wing Rod
11. In
n planning ce
ervical spine instrumenta
ation one of th
he following is not an AO
O-Spine princ
ciple
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Biolo
ogy
Stab
bility
Funcction
Non--fusion techn
nology
Align
nment
Which type off thoracolumbar reconstru
uction is reco
ommended in a fracture A
AO type A3?
?
12. W
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cem
mentoplasty in
n young patie
ents
Perccutaneous ex
xternal fixato r
Shorrt posterior construct
None
e of the abov
ve
Where is the vascular
v
wattershed zone
e of the spina
al cord and which
w
is its m
main feeder?
13. W
1.
2.
3.
4.
C3-C
C7 (anterior spinal
s
artery))
T4-T
T7 (posterior spinal arteryy)
Conu
us medullaris
s (Adamkiew
wcz artery)
C3-C
C7 (posteriorr spinal arteryy)
5.
T4-T
T9 (T7 radicu
ular artery)
To minimize the risk of cord injury, the
e mean arteriial blood pres
ssure (MABP
P) should be kept
14. T
1.
2.
3.
4.
below
w 60 mmHg
abovve 80-85 mm
mHg
abovve 100 mmHg
MAB
BP is not rela
ated to the rissk of cord injury
Which modality of spinal cord
c
monitoriing do you re
ecommend in
n spinal defoormity correction ?
15. W
1.
2.
3.
4.
SSE
EP
MEP
P
EMG
G
All modalities
m
The most imp
portant factorr for a successsful dural re
epair is:
16. T
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A tight suture
The sandwich technique for cclosing the dural defect
A po
ostoperative intensive
i
lum
mbar CSF-dra
ainage
Bone
e resection until
u
the comp
plete border of the dural tear can be sseen
The intraoperativ
ve visualizatio
SF-leakage by injection off fluorescein
on of the CS
17. W
What is important in orde
er to reduce tthe incidence
e of postope
erative infectiion?
1.
2.
3.
4.
ent scrubbing
g
Patie
Surg
geon´ s handling
Antib
biotic prophyylaxis
All of the above
Which is the most
m
commo
on cause of iiatrogenic sp
pondylodiscittis?
18. W
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Esch
herichia coli
Staphylococcus aureus
a
Staphylococcus epidermidis
e
Pepttococcus
Bacteroides
19. IInfected spin
nal implants should be reemoved
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
As so
oon as possible
In Sttaphylococcu
us aureus infeection
Even
n without fussion
In sp
pondylodiscittis
If loo
osened
20. IInfected spin
nal implants should be reetained till
1.
2.
3.
Solid
d bony fusion
n
Two years in deformity casess
Good
d anterior co
olumn suppo
ort
4.
All of the above
21. R
Reoperationss for sympto
omatic adjaceent segment degeneratio
on after lumb
bar fusion occcur at an
a
annual rate of
o
1.
2.
3.
4.
arou
und 1%
arou
und 4%
arou
und 10%
arou
und 33%
22. W
Which of the
e following measures
m
doees not affect ALD (adjace
ent level dege
generation) of
o the level
ccranial to the
e fused segm
ment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Savin
ng the innervvation of thee superior faccet joint
Inserrting pedicle screw at thee base of the
e transverse process
Provviding adequa
ate lordosis in the midlumbar
Avoid
ding to put bone
b
chips b
between the transverse processes
p
of tthe fused segment
Savin
ng the intertrransverse liggament of the
e level above
e
23. W
What is wron
ng with sagitttal vertebral axis (SVA)?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nega
ative SVA cau
uses flexion at hip
Nega
ative SVA cau
uses flexion at knee
Posittive SVA causes flexion aat hip
Posittive SVA causes extensio n at knee
24. The frequent postsurgical flat back can
n be avoided
d by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
25.
What is the most common case of faailed back syyndrome?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
26.
Perfe
ect bending of the rods
Evalu
uation of the
e spinopelvicc parameters
Top loading screw
ws and sacraal inclusion
Avoid
ding sacral fu
usion
Fusio
on extension
n to T10
Wron
ng patient se
election
Postsurgical scar
Psychological cau
use
Face
et joint arthro
osis
Implant failure
The best cerrvico-thoracic junction fixxation for a 3-column
3
lession is
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Onlyy anterior
Onlyy posterior with
w hooks
Ante
erior and possterior
Laminar hooks
C7 pedicle
p
screw
ws
27. The best way to reduce proximal juncctional kypho
osis is to use the followin
ng system:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hookks
Pedicle screws
PLIF
TLIF
PEEK
K Ansswers:
1.4
10.4
19.5
2.3
11.4
20.4
3.1
12.4
21.2
4.2
13.5
22.4
5.2
14.2
23.4
6.3
15.4
24.2
7.1
16.4
25.1
8.2
17.4
26.3
9.4
18.2
27.1