Module 3
THE CONQUEST 1760
France and England are at war. France doomed to lose her colony.
NEW FRANCE
Large & open
TERRITORY
Tiny & Scattered
POPULATION
weak - France ignored it
PROTECTION
mercantilism - fur single staple
ECONOMY
relies on Mother country
SURVIVAL
13 COLONIES
small & contained
huge & contained
strong – England protected it
diversified –many industries
self sufficient
The Conquest 1759 New France falls to the British
1760 Articles of Capitulation
Battle is over. French surrender, & British army in charge until war in Europe ends.
1763 TREATY OF PARIS - France loses her North American colony (except for 2 fishing villages)
• Britain is now new mother country
• New France is renamed Quebec, with a tiny territory. (see map 2)
•
Britain tells Quebec “we are now in charge, and you will do things our way.”
• ROYAL PROCLAMATION
• British want to assimilate French.
• Tries to force French to change religion language, laws and culture.
• GOVERNOR MURRAY
knows it can’t work,..
tries for compromise
allows for civil cases to be heard according to French law
British Merchants get him fired
•
1774
GOVERNOR CARLTON
also knows it can’t work, but sees bigger problem.
13 colonies are preparing to rebel.
Convinces England to pass
QUEBEC ACT
Given to Quebec to keep her from joining American Revolution
• Land to include Labrador & Ohio Valley
• Language, religion, and culture restored.
• French civil and English Criminal Laws
• Act pleases the Canadiens, who now have land, language, laws, and religion
• pisses off Americans for the last time. They go to war.
• 1775 Americans try to capture Quebec, fail
1776-1783 AMERICAN REVOLUTION
• Quebec loses Ohio Valley
• Fur trade shifts to Northwest &
U.S.A. born
1783-1790 LOYALISTS ARRIVE:
• Are loyal to Britain, do not want to live in USA
• Move into Eastern Quebec, Ottawa valley, N.S., N. B., & P.E.I.
• Demand that Britain repeal Quebec Act and give them parliamentary representation. (the right to VOTE)
• They do not want to live among French - demand an area of their own to settle
• England does not repeal Quebec Act, but does agree to CONSTITUTIONAL ACT
• Created Upper (Ontario) and Lower (Quebec) Canada
•
ROYAL PROCLAMATION OF 1763
After the conquest, France ceded all her territory in North America to
England.
New France, now renamed the Province of Quebec, was restricted to
a narrow strip in the St. Lawrence Valley.
THE QUEBEC ACT OF 1774
The Quebec Act of 1774 greatly enlarged Quebec’s territory. In
addition to the St. Lawrence Valley, it now included the Ohio Valley
and Labrador
QUEBEC AFTER THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Following the American Revolution, Quebec lost its territory south of
the Great Lakes.
The Ohio Valley now belonged to the new country of the United
States of America.