3.1 Compounds
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1. Compare and contrast ionic and covalent compounds.
Give examples and draw a
diagram ofeach type.
Ionic
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Covalent
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Diagram:
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2. flow are atoms held together in ionic and coviilent compounds?
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Covalent
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3. Lithium and fluorine form ions and become an ionic compound.
Determine the symbol
for each ion. Draw and label a diagram of the crystal structure they form. Why do the
ions arrange themselves in this way?
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Lithium Ion:
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Fluorine lon:
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Explanation:
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4. \ilater is a molecule
containing hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Complete the information
regarding water.
How many atoms connect to each hydrogen? ' Type of bond/compound:
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How many atoms connect to the oxygen?
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5.
Determine the polyatomic ion(s) for each description. Give the name and the chemical
symbol for each.
Polyatomic Ion(s)
Description
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a. a polyatomic ion present in eggshells as
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well as in teeth.
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b. apolyatomic ion present in bones.
c. lwo polyatomic ions that contain the element nitrogen, one
(non/tln
positive and one negative.
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kind of chemical bond holds each oxygen
a. What
atom to the phosphorous atom?
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Use the diagram of the phosphate ion to answer the
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b- How many atoms does the phosphorous atom
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connect to?
c. What is the general term for an ion such as
phosphate (ie. a molecule with an overall charge)?
a,
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Ionic compounds melt at high temperatures. For example, table salt is an ionic
compound that melts at 800oC. Why is it so diflicult to melt ionic compounds?
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8. In a compound
that contains a polyatomic ion, there are both covalent bonds and ionic
bonds. For example, an aluminum ion and a phosphate ion combine to form aluminum
phosphate. Describe where each type of bond located?
Covalent
Ionic
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g. Will
tead and chlorine combine to form a molecular compound or an ionic compound? Explain.
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Science 9
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