Chapter 22-3 Spanish American War Two-Column
Notes
José Martí
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Hero of the Cuban Independence Movement
Fled to the US to gather money, troops and arms
Returened to Cuba in 1895 to lead the revolution
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Marti’s revolution was a disaster
They burned sugarcane fielda and destroyed
buildings
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The Spanish retaliated herding more than 300,000
troops into prison campe. Thousands died from
starvation and disease
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writing which exaggerates sensational, dramatic, and
gruesome events to attract readers, named for stories
that were popular during the late 1800’s./ A type of
The Cuban Rebellion
yellow journalism
U.S.S. Maine
sensational, biased, and often false reporting
- President McKinley sent the USS Maine to Havana in Jan
1989 to protect American lives and property
-Remained there for 3 weeks
- Feb 15, 1898 the Maine exploded killing 260 people
- McKinley sent the Spanish a note demanding a truce
- April 19, 1898 the US recognized Cuban Independence
- April 25, 1898 Congress declared was on Spain
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May 1 Com. George Dewey launched a surprise
attack on the Spanish Fleet in Manila Bay,
Philippines
American Troops arrive in July 1898
Emilio Aguinaldo helped the American troops
Capture the city of Manila
The Filipino rebels also captured the main island of
Luzon
In Cuba the Spanish fleet entered the harbor on
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Santiago on May 19, 1898
The US Navy used a blockade to trap the Spanish in
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Spanish American War
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the harbor
The US landed 17000 troops near Santiago (1/4 were
black)
The US along with Cuban forces Led by Calixto
Garcia drove out the Spanish.
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Theodore Roosevelt resigned his post as Asst. Sec of
the Navy to join the fighting in Cuba
He led the 1st Regiment of the US Cavalry
Rough Riders
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Volunteers
July 1st the RR joined the Battle of San Juan Hill
July 3rd The Spanish Naval Fleet was destroyed
“A Splendid Little War”
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SOS John Hay coined the phrase
The war lasted fewer than four months
460 men died from fighting/ 5000 from disease
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Signed on December 10, 1898
Spanish Empire was dissolved
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Cuba became a protectorate
Puerto Rico and Guam became US Territories
The US gained the Philippines for $20 million
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Americans debated what to do with Cuba
US Troops remained in Cuba until 1901 when they
created a new constitution giving the US Rights
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Prohibited Cuba from making treaties with other
Treaty of Paris
Cuba
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Platt Amendment
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Puerto Rico
nations
Gave the US control of the military base at
Guantanamo Bay
Gave the US the right to intervene when
independence was threatened
After the war was under direct military rule
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Foraker Act
Philippine American War
William Howard Taft
1900 the US set up a new Gov’t under the Foraker
Act
The US Gov’t controlled the new administration
1917- Jones Act was passed
Made Puerto Rico a US Territory and gave them US
citizenship
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Feb 1898 Emilio Aguinaldo led a violent revolt
against Americans in the Philippines
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4000 Americans/50,000 Filipinos died in the conflict
The Rebellion ended in March of 1901 when
Aguinaldo was captured
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Summer of 1901 the set up a civilian gov’t in the
Philippines
Taft helped the island for self rule
The Philippines gained full independence in 1946
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