Chemistry_Electron_in Chemistry_Obj6bcde

Chemistry_Electron_in Chemistry_Obj6bcde
Some questions (c) 2012 by STAAR Test Maker.
Some questions (c) 2012 by Region 10 Educational Service Center.
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1
Which form of electromagnetic radiation is more energetic than ultraviolet rays?
A
Violet light
B
Infrared radiation
C
X­rays
D Microwaves
2
Which of these is the least energetic form of electromagnetic radiation?
F
Visible light
G Microwaves
H Gamma rays
J
3
Radio waves
Which of the following statements about electromagnetic radiation is true?
A
Electromagnetic waves with high frequency are more energetic than
electromagnetic waves with low frequency.
B
All electromagnetic radiation carries the same amount of energy.
C
Electromagnetic waves with long wavelength are more energetic than
electromagnetic waves with short wavelength.
D Electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum can change frequency to become more or
less energetic.
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4
Which of the following is the correct
5
Which pair of elements and/or ions
e­dot diagram? are isoelectronic with each other?
F
A
Be & Ne
B
K+ & Ar
C
Na+1 & Cl­1
D P & K
G
6
Which particles are represented by the
dots in Lewis valence e­dot
structures?
F
H
core electrons
G valence electrons
H protons
J
all electrons
J
7
Which element has the ground state
electronic configuration,
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 ?
A
calcium
B
potassium
C
phosphorus
D bromine
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8
What is the ground state electron
configuration for arsenic?
F
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d104s2 4p 3
G 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p3 4d10
H 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d104s2 4p 6
J
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p 3
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9
Which species has the same electron configuration as a Cl­ ion?
A
F­
B
Ar
C
S
D Br­
10
Which species does not have a noble gas electron configuration?
F
Na+
G S
H Mg2+
J
11
Ar
Which electron configuration is correct for a sodium ion?
A
2−8−1
B
2−8
C
2−8−2
D 2−7
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12
Which ion has the same electron configuration as an atom of He?
F
O2­
G Ca2+
H H­
J
13
Na+
Which particle has the same electron configuration as a potassium ion?
A
Fluoride ion
B
Neon atom
C
Argon atom
D Sodium ion
14
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
F
2−2−1
G 2−2
H 2−8−1
J
2−8
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15
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
A
2−7
B
2−0−1
C
2−8
D 2−2
16
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
F
2−8−2
G 2−8−1
H 2−7−2
J
17
2−8
An atom with the electron configuration of 2−8−13−2 has an incomplete —
A
second principal energy level.
B
4s sublevel.
C
2p sublevel.
D third principal energy level.
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18
An atom with the electron configuration 2−8−8−2 has an incomplete —
F
third principal energy level.
G 2s sublevel.
H second principal energy level.
J
19
3s sublevel.
Which electron configuration represents a strontium atom in an excited state?
A
2−8−18−8−2
B
2−8−18−7−3
C
2−8−18−7−1
D 2−8−18−8−1
20
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
F
2−6−2
G 2−7
H 2−8−8−2
J
2−8−1
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21
Which electron configuration represents an atom of an element having a completed
third principal energy level?
A
2−8−6−2
B
2−8−2
C
2−8−18−2
D 2−8−10−2
22
A fluoride ion (F­) has the same electron configuration as —
F
Na+.
G Cl.
H Na.
J
23
Cl­.
Which electron configurations represent the first two elements in Group 17 of the
Periodic Table?
A
2−1 and 2−2
B
2−2 and 2−3
C
2−8 and 2−8−7
D 2−7 and 2−8−7
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24
Which is the electron configuration of a neutral atom in the ground state with a total
of six valence electrons?
F
2−6
G 2−4
H 2−8−8
J
25
2−8
Which element has an atom with the electron configuration 2−8−8−2?
A
Ni
B
Mg
C
Ca
D Ge
26
The electron­dot symbol below represents an ion of element X.
Which of the following could be element X?
F
K
G N
H I
J
H
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27
Which is the correct electron­dot symbol for the fluoride ion?
A
B
C
D
28
The electron­dot symbol X: would best represent —
F
Na.
G Cl.
H Ne.
J
29
Mg.
Which electron­dot symbol represents an atom of the element in Period 4 with the
highest first ionization energy?
A
B
C
D
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30
Which is the correct electron­dot diagram of an atom of sulfur in the ground state?
F
G
H
J
31
Which electron­dot symbol represents an atom of chlorine in the ground state?
A
B
C
D
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32
Atom X has an electron configuration of 2−8−2. Which electron­dot symbol correctly
represents this atom?
F
G
H
J
33
Which is the electron­dot symbol for an atom with an electron configuration of 2−5?
A
B
C
D
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34
Which electron­dot symbol correctly represents an atom of its given element?
F
G
H
J
35
Which Lewis electron­dot diagram is drawn correctly for the atom it represents?
A
B
C
D
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36
Which Lewis electron­dot diagram is correct for a S2­ ion?
F
G
H
J
37
An atom in the ground state contains a total of 5 electrons, 5 protons, and 5
neutrons. Which Lewis electron­dot diagram represents this atom?
A
B
C
D
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38
Which Lewis electron­dot diagram represents an atom of a Group 13 element in the
ground state?
F
G
H
J
39
How does the ground state electron configuration of the hydrogen atom differ from
that of a ground state helium atom?
A
Hydrogen contains a completely filled orbital.
B
Hydrogen has two electrons in a lower energy level.
C
Hydrogen contains a half­filled orbital.
D Hydrogen has one electron in a higher energy level.
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40
Which orbital notation correctly represents the outermost principal energy level of a
nitrogen atom in the ground state?
F
G
H
J
41
Which is the correct orbital notation for the electrons in the second principal energy
level of a beryllium atom in the ground state?
A
B
C
D
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42
Which orbital notation correctly represents the outermost principal energy level of a
sulfur atom in the ground state?
F
G
H
J
43
Which is the orbital notation for the electrons in the third principal energy level of an
argon atom in the ground state?
A
B
C
D
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44
In an atom of lithium in the ground state, what is the total number of orbitals that
contain only 1 electron?
F
4
G 2
H 3
J
45
1
What is the total number of partially occupied 2p orbitals in a nitrogen atom in the
ground state?
A
2
B
1
C
3
D 5
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46
Which orbital notation represents the valence electrons of a phosphorus atom in the
ground state?
F
G
H
J
47
The diagram below represents the orbital notation of an atom's valence shell in the
ground state.
The diagram could represent the valence shell of —
A
Al.
B
Cl.
C
Li.
D Si.
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48
Which orbital notation correctly represents the outermost principal energy level of a
noble gas in the ground state?
F
G
H
J
49
Which atom in the ground state has three half­filled orbitals?
A
Si
B
Al
C
Li
D P
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50
The orbital notation of an atom in the ground state is shown below.
Which atom is represented by this notation?
F
C
G Be
H N
J
51
B
Which orbital notation represents a noble gas in the ground state?
A
B
C
D
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52
What is the electron configuration for Be2+ ions?
F
1s2 2s1
G 1s2 2s2
H 1s1
J
53
1s2
A neutral atom of an element has an electron configuration of 2−8−2. What is the
total number of p electrons in this atom?
A
6
B
12
C
10
D 2
54
Which is the electron configuration of an atom in an excited state?
F
1s1 2s1
G 1s2 2s1
H 1s2 2s2 2p2
J
1s2 2s2 2p1
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55
Which sublevel configuration correctly represents a completely filled third principal
energy level?
A
3s2 3p6 3d8
B
3s2 3p6 3d5
C
3s2 3p6 3d10
D 3s2 3p2 3d10
56
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p6 4s1
G 1s2 2s1
H 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
J
57
1s2 2s2 2p6
Which is the electron configuration for a neutral atom in the ground state?
A
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
B
1s2 2s2 2p4 3s1
C
1s2 2s2 3s1
D 1s2 2s2 2p6 3p1
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58
Which is a possible electron configuration for argon in an excited state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p7 3s2 3p5
G 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 4s1
H 1s2 2s3 2p5 3s2 3p6
J
59
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 3p7
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
A
1s2 2s2 2p6
B
1s2 2s2
C
1s2 2s2 3s1
D 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
60
Which electron configuration represents a potassium atom in an excited state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
G 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
H 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 3p4
J
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 4s2
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61
Which is the electron configuration of an atom in the ground state?
A
1s2 2s2 2p5 3s2
B
1s2 2s1 2p2
C
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
D 1s2 2s2 3s1
62
In the electron­dot symbol
the dots represent electrons located in —
F
s, p, and d sublevels.
G p sublevels, only.
H s and p sublevels, only.
J
63
s sublevels, only.
What is the correct electron configuration of an O2­ ion?
A
1s2 2s2 2p3
B
1s2 2s2 2p2
C
1s2 2s2 2p6
D 1s2 2s2 2p5
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64
Which is the electron­dot symbol for an atom with an electron configuration of
1s2 2s2 2p3 ?
F
G
H
J
65
Atom X has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 . Which electron­dot symbol
correctly represents this atom?
A
B
C
D
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66
Which is the electron configuration of an element with a completely filled third
principal energy level?
F
[Ar]3d10 4s2
G [Ar]3d8 4s2
H [Ne]3s2 3p6
J
67
[Ne]3s2
Which electron configurations represent the first two elements in Group 17 (7A) of
the Periodic Table?
A
1s2 2s2 2p5 and [Ne]3s2 3p5
B
1s2 2s1 and 1s2 2s2
C
1s2 2s2 2p6 and [Ne]3s2 3p5
D 1s2 2s2 and 1s2 2s2 2p1
68
An atom with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 has an incomplete —
F
2s sublevel.
G 2nd principal energy level.
H 3rd principal energy level.
J
3s sublevel.
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69
If the electron configuration of an atom of element X is 1s2 2s2 2p4 , which of the
following is the electron­dot symbol for this element?
A
B
C
D
70
A Mg2+ ion has the same electron configuration as —
F
Ar0 .
G Na0 .
H F ­.
J
71
Ca2+.
Which sublevels are occupied in the outermost principal energy level of an argon
atom in the ground state?
A
2p and 3d
B
2s and 3p
C
3s and 3p
D 3s and 3d
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72
Which electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state?
F
1s2 3p1
G 1s2 2s2 2p6
H 1s2 2s2 2p5
J
73
1s2 2s2
Which is the electron configuration of a A
1s2
B
1s2 2s1
C
1s2 2s2
H atom in the ground state?
D 1s1
74
What is the electron configuration of a fluoride ion (F­) in the ground state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p4
G 1s2 2s2 2p6
H 1s2 2s2 2p5
J
1s2 2s2 2p7
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75
An atom with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2 has an
incomplete —
A
third principal energy level.
B
2p sublevel.
C
4s sublevel.
D second principal energy level.
76
Which electron configuration is possible for a nitrogen atom in the excited state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p2
G 1s2 2s2 2p2 3s1
H 1s2 2s2 2p3
J
77
1s2 2s2 2p4
Which is the configuration of an atom in the ground state?
A
1s2 2s2 2p6 3p3
B
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
C
1s2 2s2 2p5 3s2
D 1s2 2s2 2p5 3p3
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78
An atom in the excited state can have an electron configuration of —
F
1s2 2s2 2p6 .
G 1s2 2p1 .
H 1s2 2s2 .
J
79
1s2 2s2 2p5 .
What is the electron configuration of a Mn atom in the ground state?
A
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
B
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
C
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7
D 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 4p1
80
Which electron configuration represents an atom in the excited state?
F
1s2 2s2 2p5 3s1
G 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
H 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
J
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
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81
Which electron configuration represents an atom of lithium in an excited state?
A
1s1 2s2
B
1s1 2s1
C
1s2 2s2
D 1s2 2s1
82
A sample of lead is found to contain
83
Determine the element according to
three isotopes: 23.5% of the
the mass abundance data in the
sample has a mass of 204 amu,
table.
24.1% has a mass of 207 amu, and
Mass
24
25
26
the remainder has a mass of 208
amu. What is the average atomic
mass of lead?
F
206.3 amu
G 207.2 amu
H 206.8 amu
J
82.0 amu
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A
aluminum
B
chromium
C
magnesium
Abundance
78.98%
10.03%
11.00%
D sodium
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84
The following table shows the mass
85
Boron has the average atomic mass
and abundance of three isotopes of
of 10.81 and has two naturally
element J. Which set up would
occurring isotopes. Which isotope of
calculate the average atomic mass
boron is more abundant?
of element J correctly?
A
Boron­10 is more abundant.
B
Boron­11 is more abundant.
C
Boron­10 and boron­11 have
Isotope
A
B
C
F
Mass
Number
(grams)
Z
Y
W
Percent
Abundance
(%)
15
50
35
the same abundance.
D There is not enough information
to make that determination.
15 + 50 + 35 / 3 = Average
atomic mass of J
G Mass Z + Mass Y + Mass W / 3
= Average atomic mass of J
H (Mass Z x 0.15) + (Mass Y x
0.50) + (Mass W x 0.35) =
Average atomic mass of J
J
86
What is the average atomic mass of
neon?
Isotope
(Mass Z + 0.15) + (Mass Y +
0.50) + (Mass W +0.35) =
Ne‐ 20
Ne‐ 21
Ne‐ 22
Average atomic mass of J
F
Mass
number
(grams)
20
21
22
Percent
Abundance
(%)
90.48
0.27
9.25
10.50 amu
G 20.19 amu
H 21.00 amu
J
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2018.77 amu
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87
Analysis of an unknown element by
90
When given the following
mass spectrometry determines that
information, what is the molar mass
59.0% of the sample has an atomic
of element "J"?
mass of 79.0 amu, while the
Isotope
remainder has a mass of 81.0 amu.
What is the average atomic mass of
J­ 26
J­ 30
J ­ 36
this unknown substance?
Record your answer and fill in the
F
bubbles on your answer document.
88
Percentage
(%)
33.3
26.7
40.0
30.7 amu
Be sure to use the correct place
G 31.1 amu
value.
H 33.3 amu
J
Mass
Number
26
30
36
3106. amu
Of the three isotopes of carbon, C­
14 is the rarest, comprising only
0.1% of all carbon atoms. If the
average atomic mass of carbon is
12.01 amu and the two remaining
91
There are two common isotopes of
isotopes contain 6 and 7 neutrons,
lithium: Li­6 and Li­7. If the average
respectively, what is the relative
atomic mass of lithium is
abundance of carbon­13?
6.94 amu, what is the relative
abundance of the larger isotope?
Record your answer and fill in the
Round your answer to the nearest
bubbles on your answer document.
percent.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Be sure to use the correct place
89
Two stable isotopes of silver exist,
value.
the smallest with 60 neutrons. If the
average atomic mass of silver is
107.87 amu, how many neutrons
does the larger isotope have?
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
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92
Isotopic analysis of copper reveals
that 24.50% of copper atoms
contain 36 neutrons, whereas
75.50% of copper atoms have 34
neutrons. What is the average
atomic mass of copper? Report your
answer with four significant figures.
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
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93
Forty percent of the atoms of an element have a mass of 16 amu. Sixty percent of
the atoms have a mass of 18 amu. What is the average atomic mass, in amu, of
this element?
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document.
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use
the correct place value.
94
The table below gives information about two isotopes of element X.
What is the average atomic mass, in amu, of element X?
Express your answer to the correct number of significant figures. Record your
answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document.
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use
the correct place value.
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95
A sample of element X contains 90 percent 35 X atoms, 8.0 percent 37 X atoms, and
2.0 percent 38 X atoms. The average atomic mass is closest to —
A
38 amu.
B
32 amu.
C
37 amu.
D 35 amu.
96
The average atomic mass of chlorine is 35.5 amu. Which mixture of isotopes (shown
as percents) produces this average mass?
F
75% 35 Cl and 25% 37 Cl
G 75% 12 C and 25% 13 C
H 50% 35 Cl and 50% 37 Cl
J
97
50% 12 C and 50% 13 C
If 75.0% of the atoms of an element each have a mass of 35.0 amu, and 25.0% of
the atoms each have a mass of 37.0 amu, what is the average atomic mass of the
element?
A
35.5 amu
B
37.0 amu
C
36.0 amu
D 35.0 amu
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98
Element X has two isotopes. If 72.0% of the element has an atomic mass of 84.9
atomic mass units, and 28.0% of the element has an atomic mass of 87.0 atomic
mass units, the average atomic mass of element X is equal to which of the following?
F
(72.0 − 84.9) × (28.0 + 87.0)
G (72.0 + 84.9) × (28.0 + 87.0)
H
J
99
+ (72.0 × 84.9) + (28.0 × 87.0)
The average atomic mass of element A is 63.6 atomic mass units. The only naturally
occurring isotopes of element A are A­63 and A­65. What is the percent abundance
of A­63 in a naturally occurring sample of element A to the nearest whole number
percentage?
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use
the correct place value.
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100
A 100.00­gram sample of naturally occurring boron contains 19.78 grams of
boron­10 (atomic mass = 10.01 atomic mass units) and 80.22 grams of boron­11
(atomic mass = 11.01 atomic mass units). Which numerical setup can be used to
determine the average atomic mass of naturally occurring boron?
F
G
H (0.1978)(10.01) + (0.8022)(11.01)
J
101
(0.8022)(10.01) + (0.1978)(11.01)
Which value of an element is calculated using both the mass and the relative
abundance of each of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element?
A
Atomic number
B
Atomic mass
C
Half­life
D Molar volume
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102
The atomic mass of titanium is 47.88 atomic mass units. This atomic mass
represents the —
F
weighted average mass of the most abundant isotope of Ti.
G total mass of all the protons and neutrons in an atom of Ti.
H total mass of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of Ti.
J
103
weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of Ti.
The relative abundance of the three most common isotopes of titanium is shown
below.
Most Common Isotopes of Titanium
Based on this data, what is the average atomic mass, in amu, of titanium?
A
47.87
B
46.95
C
47.46
D 47.68
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104
When light passes from air to a
new medium such as water, the
speed of light decreases but the
frequency of the light remains
constant. If green light has a
wavelength of 495 nm in air
(c=3.00x10^8 m/s), what will be
the wavelength of that light in
water where the speed of light is
reduced to 2.25x10^8 m/s?
F
495 nm
G 659 nm
H 219 nm
J
105
371 nm
A particular nuclear process
releases a single gamma ray
photon with an energy of
4.75x10^­14 joules. What is the
frequency of this radiation?
A
1.43 x 10^­5 Hz
B
7.17 x 10^19 Hz
C
1.39 x 10^­20 Hz
D 2.15 x 10^28 Hz Page 43
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106
The energy required to remove an electron from a particular energy level in a
hydrogen atom (the ionization energy) is given by the equation below. What is the
minimum wavelength of light that is capable of removing an electron from the third
energy level of a hydrogen atom?
F
242 nm
G 365 nm
H 821 nm
J
107
124 nm On the AM radio dial, frequencies
109
In the Lunar Laser Ranging
are measured in kilohertz. What is
experiment, a high­power pulsed
the approximate wavelength of a
laser with a frequency of
radio wave from 1030AM on the
5.64x1014 Hz is reflected off a
radio dial?
small mirror left on the moon's
A
2000 to 3000 cm
surface by Apollo astronauts. What
B
200 to 300 km
C
2 to 3 km D 200 to 300 m
is the wavelength of this laser light
in nanometers? (1nm = 10­9m)
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
108
The bright red line from the
emission spectrum of hydrogen
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
has a wavelength of 657nm. What
is the energy, in joules, of a single
photon of this light? F
3.03 x 10^­19 J
G 4.35 x 10^­40 J
H 3.03 x 10^­28 J
J
4.56 x 10^14 J
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110
A typical cell phone uses
112
The government, through the FCC
wavelengths of 0.36 meters. How
(Federal Communications
much energy does this wave have?
Commission), has set rules and
F
2.4 X 10­34 J
guidelines for the use of radio
G 5.5 X 10­25 J
wireless frequency "traffic". A
equipment to better control
wireless server gives off 3.3 X 10­
H 1.1 X 108 J
J
24 joules of energy. What is the
8.3X108 J
wavelength of this server in
meters?
F
2.2 X 10­57 m
G 6.0 X 10­52 m
111
A microwave can have a frequency
H 5.0 X 109 m
of 3.8 X 1010Hz. How much
J
energy does this microwave give
9.1 X1031 m
off in joules?
A
5.7 X 1043 J
B
1.14 X 1019 J
C
2.5 X10­23 J
D 1.7 X 10­44 J
113
Red lights on a traffic light have a
frequency of 4.3 X 1015 Hz. What
is the red light’s wavelength in
meters?
A
1.5 X 10­49 meters
B
7.0 X 10­8 meters
C
1.4 X 107 meters
D 1.3 X 1024 meters
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114
Radar detectors use radio waves
116
NASA's SWIFT satellite is designed
to measure the speed of moving
to collect information regarding
vehicles. Radar detectors have a
long duration gamma­ray bursts
wavelength of 1.8 meters. What is
that occur when supernovae, occur
the frequency of waves from a
in distant galaxies. If SWIFT detects
radar detector?
a gamma­ray burst with a
F
frequency of 3.5x1020 Hz, how
3.7 X 10­34 Hz
much energy (in picojoules) does
G 6.0 X 10­9 Hz
one single photon of this light
carry? (1pJ=10­12J)
H 5.4 X 108 Hz
J
1.7 X 108 Hz
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
115
Our Sun (a Class G2 yellow dwarf)
emits most of its energy in the
visible spectrum, with light of
wavelength of 483 nm being the
most intense. How much energy
does a mole of photons of this light
carry? Round your answer to the
nearest kilojoule.
117
A local radio station broadcasts a
signal that is composed of radio
waves with a wavelength of 3.04
meters. Determine the frequency
of this signal in megahertz, the
same unit used on the FM radio
dial.
(1MHz = 106 Hz)
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Record your answer and fill in the
Be sure to use the correct place
bubbles on your answer document.
value.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
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118
A typical microwave oven heats
food through a process called
dielectric heating; photons of non­
ionizing radiation are emitted that
excite polarized molecules like
water and fat. Each photon of light
has an energy of 1.62x10­24J.
What is the wavelength (in mm) of
the radiation emitted by a
microwave oven?
Record your answer and fill in the
bubbles on your answer document.
Be sure to use the correct place
value.
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119
How much energy, in Joules, does one microwave with wavelength of
9.0 centimeters carry?
A
6.0 × 10­33
B
2.2 × 10­24
C
2.2 × 10­26
D 6.0 × 10­35
120
The diagram below represents an excited neon atom emitting a photon, with
frequency 4.03 × 1014 hertz (Hz), as one of its electrons moves from an excited
state to the ground state.
What was the change in energy, in Joules, when the electron moved from the
excited state to the ground state?
F
2.67 × 10­19
G 2.48 × 10­15
H 6.63 × 10­34
J
7.44 × 10­7
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Directions: Read the information below about the decay of radioactive cobalt­60 and
answer any questions that follow.
An atom of a radioactive isotope of cobalt, 60 Co, typically emits two gamma rays in
quick succession when decaying to 60 Ni. These gamma rays predictably have the
following frequencies.
Frequency of first emitted gamma ray = 2.82 × 1014 MHz
Frequency of second emitted gamma ray = 3.21 × 1014 MHz
121
How much longer is the wavelength of the first gamma ray than the wavelength of
the second gamma ray emitted by a radioactive 60 Co atom?
A
1.26 × 10­13 meters
B
1.26 × 10­7 meters
C
8.28 × 10­13 meters
D 8.28 × 10­7 meters
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122
What is the difference in energy, in megaelectron volts (MeV), between the second
and first gamma ray emitted by a cobalt­60 atom?
1 eV = 1.60 × 10­19 Joules
Express your answer to the appropriate number of significant figures. Record your
answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document.
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to
use the correct place value.
Directions: The table below shows the most common frequencies of photons released
by different metal ion samples when passed through a flame. Use the information in this
table to answer any questions that follow.
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123
Gabriel performed a flame test on a sample of an unknown salt and observed a
yellow flame. Most of the photons emitted by the flame had an approximate
wavelength of 590 nanometers. Which metal ion was most likely present in
Gabriel's salt sample?
A
Mn2+
B
Zn2+
C
Li+
D Na+
124
Pamela performed a flame test on a sample of an unknown salt and observed a
blue flame that emitted many photons with a wavelength of 475 nanometers.
Which metal ion was most likely present in Pamela's salt sample?
F
Li+
G Mn2+
H Zn2+
J
Cu+
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125
A chemist performed a flame test on a sample of an unknown metal chloride and
observed a red flame. Most of the photons emitted by the sample had a
wavelength of 6.8 × 10­7 meters. Which metal ion was most likely present in the
sample?
A
Mn2+
B
Na+
C
Li+
D Cu+
126
A chemist performed a flame test on a sample of an unknown metal nitrate and
observed a bluish green flame. Most of the photons emitted by the sample had a
wavelength of 5.00 × 10­7 meters. Which metal ion was most likely present in the
sample?
F
Cu+
G Li+
H Mn2+
J
Zn2+
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127
Medium­wave AM radio is broadcast on the frequency band from 520. kHz to
1610 kHz. What is the maximum wavelength of a medium­wave AM radio wave?
A
186 m
B
1.73 mm
C
5.37 mm
D 577 m
128
What is the frequency, in megahertz, of an infrared wave with a wavelength of
210 micrometers?
F
1.4 × 106
G 1.4 × 1012
H 1.4 × 108
J
129
1.4 × 1014
What is the wavelength, in nanometers, of an X­ray with a frequency of
6.0 × 1017 Hz?
Express your answer to the appropriate number of significant figures. Record your
answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document.
Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to
use the correct place value.
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130
What is the frequency, in hertz, of an ultraviolet wave with a wavelength of
3.0 × 10­8 meters?
F
1.0
G 9.0 × 1016
H 1.0 × 1016
J
131
9.0
What is the wavelength of a radio wave with a frequency of 1.2 × 106 Hz?
A
4.0 × 10­3 meters
B
3.6 × 102 meters
C
3.6 × 1014 meters
D 2.5 × 102 meters
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132
The energy of violet light is
134
Which of the following waves would
approximately twice that of red
have the lowest energy?
light. How do the wavelengths of
F
violet and red light compare?
F
The wavelength of violet light is
G
sometimes greater than and
sometimes less than that of
H
red light.
G The wavelength of violet light is
the same as that of red light.
J
All three waves have the same
energy.
H The wavelength of violet light is
approximately twice that of red
light.
J
135
Radio station A broadcasts a signal
The wavelength of violet light is
with a frequency of 98.7 MHz, and
approximately half that of red
radio station B broadcasts a signal
light.
with a frequency of 100.3 MHz. What can be said about the
133
As electrons fall from high energy
orbitals to lower orbitals, energy is
relationship of signal A to signal B?
A
same energy.
released in the form of
electromagnetic radiation. The
B
farther the electron falls, the more
energy is released. Which of the
following electronic transitions
A
C
B
an electron falling from the 3rd
Signal A has a shorter
wavelength than signal B.
D Signal A has a longer
wavelength than signal B.
an electron falling from the 6th
to the 2nd energy level
Signal A has more energy than
signal B.
would produce a wave with the
lowest frequency?
Signal A and signal B have the
E
Signal A and signal B have the
same wavelength.
to the 2nd energy level
C
an electron falling from the 5th
to the 2nd energy level
D an electron jumping from the
1st to the 2nd energy level
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136
Which of the following choices lists
138
Which two factors of the
electromagnetic radiation in order
electromagnetic radiation have an
from shortest wavelength to
inverse relationship?
longest wavelength?
F
F
G energy and frequency
X­rays, microwaves, visible
light, infrared
amplitude and nodes
H frequency and wavelength
G X­rays, visible light, infrared,
J
microwaves
wavelength and energy
H microwaves, infrared, visible
light, X­rays
J
infrared, visible light,
microwaves, X­rays
139
Different types of waves are found
in the electromagnetic spectrum.
137
Wave A and wave B are similar
waves that are being compared. If
the wavelength in wave B is
List the waves in order of
increasing wavelengths.
A
gamma rays, X­ray, ultraviolet
doubled, how would its frequency
waves, infrared, microwaves,
change?
and radio waves
A
Wave B's frequency would be
B
infrared, gamma rays,
doubled.
B
C
ultraviolet waves, and X­ray
Wave B's frequency would be
cut in half.
Wave B's frequency would be
multiplied by a factor of four.
D Wave B's frequency would be
cut by a fourth.
radio waves, microwaves,
C
infrared, ultraviolet waves,
microwaves, radio waves,
gamma rays, and X­ray
D ultraviolet waves , X­ray,
gamma rays, infrared,
microwaves, and radio waves
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140
What is the electromagnetic
spectrum?
F
It is the range of wavelengths
and frequencies that can be
detected by the human eye.
G It is a measure of the
absorption of radiation as a
function of frequency or
wavelength.
H It is a range containing all of the
possible frequencies and
wavelengths of electromagnetic
radiation.
J
It is a spectrum of frequencies
of electromagnetic radiation
emitted by the element's
atoms when they are returned
to a lower energy state.
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141
Two photons of electromagnetic radiation, A and B, are propagating in a vacuum. If
photon A is less energetic than photon B, which of the following is true?
A
A has higher frequency and longer wavelength than B.
B
A has higher frequency and shorter wavelength than B.
C
A has lower frequency and longer wavelength than B.
D A has lower frequency and shorter wavelength than B.
142
Electromagnetic radiation propagates at a speed of 3.0 × 108 meters per
second —
F
in all mediums.
G only if it is in the form of gamma rays.
H only if it is in the form of visible light.
J
143
in a vacuum.
Visible light occupies the range of wavelengths from 380 to 790 nanometers in the
electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the following kinds of electromagnetic radiation
has shorter wavelength than visible light?
A
Infrared radiation
B
Microwaves
C
Radio waves
D X­rays
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144
Due to the Doppler Effect, waves from an approaching source (moving toward the
observer) are observed as having a shorter wavelength than when they were
emitted. Which of the following pairs could represent the kind of radiation emitted
from a source rapidly approaching Earth and the kind of radiation it is detected as
on Earth?
F
Emitted as yellow light, observed as blue light
G Emitted as a gamma ray, observed as ultraviolet light
H Emitted as a microwave, observed as a radio wave
J
145
Emitted as ultraviolet light, observed as infrared radiation
Due to the Doppler Effect, waves from a receding source (moving away from the
observer) are observed as having a longer wavelength than when they were
emitted. Which of the following pairs could represent the kind of radiation emitted
from a source moving away from Earth and the kind of radiation it is detected as
on Earth?
A
Emitted as yellow light, observed as ultraviolet light
B
Emitted as a radio wave, observed as infrared radiation
C
Emitted as an X­ray, observed as a gamma ray
D Emitted as red light, observed as a microwave
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146
Which graph most accurately displays the relationship between the energy and
frequency of a photon?
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F
G
H
J
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147
Which graph correctly displays the relationship between wavelength, in meters, and
frequency, in hertz, in the electromagnetic spectrum?
A
B
C
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D
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