South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
PASTUREANDHAYINSECTMANAGEMENT
JayCrouch,AreaAgronomyAgent,BrianBeer,AreaLivestockAgent,andRobertBellinger,Ph.D.,
ExtensionEntomologist
Insectpestsofpastures,hayfieldsandsomeforagecropsareoftendifficulttonotice,andmaytakegrowersbysurprise.
Scoutthesecropsonaregularbasis.Forallpestslisted,younger,smallerinsectsaretheeasiesttocontrol!Noteindividual
productrestrictionsandconsidercontrolcostscarefully.
Insectresistancemanagement:RepeateduseofcertaininsecticidescanleadtoresistanceininsectpopulationsGrowers
arestronglyencouragedtorotateproductswithdifferingmodesofactionwithinacropyear.Consultyourproductlabels
andyourlocalExtensionAgentforresistancemanagementstrategies.UsetheIRACnumbers–differentnumbersindicate
differingmodesofaction!
Non‐Grass Animal Feed (forage, fodder, straw and hay) Group, including alfalfa, various
cloversandvetches,otherforagelegumesseetheproductlabels
ARMYWORMS [True Armyworms (Pseudaletia unipuncta), Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda),
YellowstrippedArmyworm(S.ornithogalli),SouthernArmyworm(S.eridania),andothers]
GeneralComments:Forbestresultsapplymaterialsusedwhenlarvaearelessthan½inchlong.Usehighsprayvolume;
increase spray volume (addition of water only) for large worms and in hot, dry weather. If possible, cut hay before
treatment.Applyaslateinthedayaspossible.Thesespeciesshowsomeresistancetomanypesticides.Checkforefficacy
afterapplication!
Pesticide
Beta‐cyfluthrinR
BaythroidXL
Product/acre
1.6–2.8floz/ac
REI
12hr
Carbaryl
Sevin(various
formulations,for
example50WP,80S)
Seeproductlabel
12hr
PHI
7d
grazing
andhay
harvest
Comments
IRACGroup3insecticide
Maximum5.6floz/cutting.Maximum
applicationof22.4oz/acreforgrowing
season.Minimumfive(5)daysbetween
applications.
7dbefore IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
harvestor NOTE:Carbarylhasnotgivenacceptable
grazingfor controlinsomepartsofthestate.Resultson
alfalfa,
fallarmywormshouldbecarefullynoted
clovers,
becauseofthepotentialforresistancein
birdsfoot
thisspecies.Seeyourcountyagentforlocal
trefoil
controlhistory.
14dfor
Besttoapply24–48hrsbeforeexpected
pasture
rainbecauseofpotentialproductwash‐off.
Seewash‐offresistanceinformationonlabel
(ifpresent.)
NumerousformulationsofCarbarylare
available.Consultlabelforuserates.
144 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
ARMYWORMS [True Armyworms (Pseudaletia unipuncta), Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda),
YellowstrippedArmyworm(S.ornithogalli),SouthernArmyworm(S.eridania),andothers](cont)
Product/acre
REI
PHI
Comments
Pesticide
Chlorantraniliprole
Prevathon
14‐20oz/ac
4hr
0d
Chlorantroniliprole
(Rynaxypyr)
Coragen
3.5–5.0oz/ac
4hr
0d
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
Karate,Silencer,others
2.56–3.84oz/ac
24hrs
1dgrazing
7dhay
harvest
KarateZ
1.28–1.92oz/ac
24hrs
1dgrazing
7dhay
harvest
Donotapplymorethan0.48ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
+
Chlorantraniliprole
Besiege
MethomylR
LannateLV
LannateSP
Watersoluble
powderinwater
solublebags
Zeta‐cypermethrinR
MustangMax
MustangMaxEC
Respect
6.0‐9.0oz/ac
24hrs
1dgrazing
7d
harvest
Alfalfa:1.5–3.0pts/
ac
Alfalfa:0.5–1lb/ac
48hrs
Alfalfa:Last
appl.7d
before
cuttingor
grazing
2.8–4.0oz/ac
12hr
3dgrazing
3dhay
harvest
IRACGroup3and28insecticide
Donotexceed31.0oz/acre/year.Donotapply
morethan10oz/cutting.Applyaminimumof10
GPAbyground.
IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
Readlabelcarefully!
LannateLV:Alfalfa‐Seelabel!
Donotapplymorethan12ptsperacrepercrop,
ormakemorethan10applications
LannateSP:Alfalfa‐Seelabel!
Donotapplymorethan4lbsperacpercropor
morethan10applicationspercrop
IRACGroup3insecticide
RUP:toxicitytofish&aquaticorganisms.Seelabel
forbufferzones,otherinfo.Minimum7days
betweenapplications
Maximumseasontotal/acfornon‐grass
animalfeeds(alfalfa,forage,fodder…)is:12.0oz
/ac/season.Notelabelsprayvolume
recommendations.Seelabelformaximumuse
whenapplyingbothzeta‐cypermethrinand
cypermethrinproductstothesamecropwithin
thesameseason.
145 IRACGroup28Insecticide
Donotmakemorethan4applicationsperyear.
Onlyoneapplicationpercutting.Donotapply
morethan60oz/AofPrevathonperyear.
IRACGroup28Insecticide
Protectsurfacewaterswithbufferzone;
recommendapply48hrsbeforeexpected
rainfall.
Applyategg‐hatchorwhennewlyhatchedlarvae
arepresentbeforedamagingpopulations
develop.
Maximumapplicationof15.4oz/acrepercrop.
One(1)applicationpercutting.Maximumfour
(4)applicationsperacreperseason.
IRACGroup3insecticide
Donotapplymorethan0.96ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GRASSHOPPERS
GeneralComments:Nymphseasiertokillthanadults.Mayneedtoapplytograssandfieldedges.
Pesticide
Product/acre
REI
PHI
Comments
IRACGroup3insecticide
Maximum5.6floz/cutting.Maximumapplication
of22.4oz/acreforgrowingseason.Minimumfive
(5)daysbetweenapplications.
IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
Sevin4F‐*Notelabeleduse:“Pasturesandgrass
grownforseed.”
VariousformulationsofCarbarylareavailable.
Consultlabelforproperuserequirements.
Beta‐cyfluthrinR
BaythroidXL
2.0–2.8oz/ac
12hr
7dPre‐
harvest/
pre‐graze
Carbaryl
VariousFormulations
SeeProductLabel
12hr
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
Karate,Silencer
andothers
2.56–3.84oz/ac
24hrs
7dbefore
harvestor
grazingfor
alfalfa,
clovers,
birdsfoot
trefoil
14dfor
pasture
1dgrazing
7dhay
harvest
KarateZ
1.28‐1.92oz/ac
24hrs
1dgrazing
7dhay
harvest
Donotapplymorethan0.48ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
Dimethoate
Dimethoate2.67
Dimethoate4EC
0.75–1.5pts/ac
0.5–1.0pt/ac
48hr
10dfor
pastureor
hay
Zeta‐cypermethrinR
MustangMax
MustangMaxEC
Respect
2.8–4.0oz/ac
12hr
3dgrazing
3dhay
harvest
IRACGroup1Binsecticide
Donotapplywhencroporweedsareblooming
orbeesareforaging
Onlyoneapplicationperyear
Onlyone(1)applicationpercutting.Donotapply
within10daysofgrazingorcutting
IRACGroup3insecticide
RUP:toxicitytofish&aquaticorganisms.See
labelforbufferzones,otherinfo.
Minimum7daysbetweenapplications
Maximumseasontotal/acfornon‐grass
animalfeeds(alfalfa,forage,fodder…)is:12.0oz
/ac/season.
Notelabelsprayvolumerecommendations.
Seelabelformaximumusewhenapplyingboth
zeta‐cypermethrinandcypermethrinproductsto
thesamecropwithinthesameseason.
IRACGroup3insecticide
Donotapplymorethan0.96ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
For true armyworm and fall armyworm make applications late in the day. This reduces
breakdown of your chemical by daylong exposure to sunlight and puts the most chemical on
plants closest to when these species feed.
146 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GrassForage,FodderandHayGroupandGrassGrownforSeedandPastureandRangeland
(seethelabels)
ARMYWORMS [True Armyworms (Pseudaletia unipuncta), Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda),
YellowstrippedArmyworm(S.ornithogalli),SouthernArmyworm(S.eridania),andothers
GeneralComments:Forbestresultsapplymaterialsusedwhenlarvaearelessthan½inchlong(firstandsecondinstar
larvae).Usehighsprayvolume;increasesprayvolume(additionofwateronly)forlargewormsandinhot,dryweather.
Ifpossible,cuthaybeforetreatment.Ifpossible,applylateintheday.Thesespeciesshowsomeresistancetomany
pesticides.Checkforefficacyafterapplication!
Insect resistance management: Repeated use of certain insecticides can lead to resistance in insect populations.
Applicators are encouraged to rotate products with differing modes of action within a crop year. Consult your local
ExtensionAgentforresistancemanagementstrategies.
Pesticide
Beta‐cyfluthrinR
BaythroidXL
Carbaryl
Sevin(various
formulations)
Product/acre
Firsttwoinstarstrue
armyworm:1.6–1.9
floz/ac
Firsttwoinstarsofall
otherarmyworms:
2.6–2.8floz/ac
Seeproductlabel
REI
PHI
Comments
12hr
0dgrazing
andhay
harvest
IRACGroup3insecticide
Maximumapplicationof11.3oz/acrefor
growingseasonforgrazingorhayharvest.
Minimumfive(5)daysbetweenapplications.
12hr
7dbefore
harvestor
grazingfor
alfalfa,
clovers,
birdsfoot
trefoil
14dfor
pasture
IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
NOTE:Carbarylhasnotgivenacceptablecontrol
insomepartsofthestate.Resultsonfall
armywormshouldbecarefullynotedbecauseof
thepotentialforresistanceinthisspecies.Seeyour
countyagentforlocalcontrolhistory.
Besttoapply24–48hrsbeforeexpectedrain
becauseofpotentialproductwash‐off.
Seewash‐offresistanceinformationonlabel(if
present.).NumerousformulationsofCarbarylare
available.Consultlabelforuserates.
IRACGroup28Insecticide
Donotmakemorethan4applicationsperyear.
Onlyoneapplicationpercutting.Donotapply
morethan60oz/AofPrevathonperyear.
IRACGroup28Insecticide
Protectsurfacewaterswithbufferzone‐
recommend100ft.;recommendnotapplyless
than48hrsbeforeexpectedrainfall.Applyat
egg‐hatchorwhennewlyhatchedlarvaeare
presentbeforedamagingpopulationsdevelop.
Maximumapplicationof15.4oz/acrepercrop.
Minimumseven(7)daysbetweentreatments.
Maximumfour(4)applicationsperacreper
season.
Chlorantraniliprole
Prevathon
14‐20oz/ac
4hr
0d
Chlorantroniliprole
(Rynaxypyr)
Coragen
3.5–5.0oz/ac
4hr
0d
147 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
ARMYWORMS [True Armyworms (Pseudaletia unipuncta), Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda),
YellowstrippedArmyworm(S.ornithogalli),SouthernArmyworm(S.eridania),andothers(cont)
Pesticide
REI
PHI
2.0oz/ac
2.56–3.84oz/ac
12hrs
1dhay
harvest.
1dgrazing.
24hrs
KarateZ
1.28‐1.92oz/ac
24hrs
IRACGroup3insecticide
0dgrazing,
Donotapplymorethan0.72ptsperacreper
7dhay
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
harvest
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
0dgrazing, Donotapplymorethan0.36ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
7dhay
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
harvest
treatments.
MethomylR
LannateLV
DiflubenzuronR
Dimilin2L
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
Karate,Silencerand
Others
LannateSP
Watersoluble
powderinwater
solublebags
Product/acre
Bermudapasture:
0.75–3.0pts/ac
48hrs
Bermudapasture:
0.25–1lb/ac
Methoxyfenozide
Intrepid
4.0‐8.0oz/ac
4hrs
Spinosad
TracerNaturalyte
1‐2oz/ac
4hrs
Zeta‐cypermethrinR
MustangMax
2.8–4.0oz/ac
Comments
IRACGroup15insecticide
Donotexceed6ozperacreperyear.
Formaximumcontrolapplyto<½inch
larvae.Usehighsprayvolume–seelabel
Bermuda
pasture:Last
appl.7d
before
feeding
forage,
grazing;
3dcutting
dryhay
IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
LannateLV:Bermudapasture:Donotapply
morethan3pts/acpercropperyearor4
applicationspercrop.
LannateSP:Bermudapasture:Donotapply
morethan1lbpercropormakemorethan4
applicationsperyear.
Allowspray
todry
before
grazing.
3dhay
harvest.
0d
grazing,7
dhay
harvest.
IRACGroup18insecticide
Nomorethanone(1)applicationpercutting.
Donotapplymorethan32ozperyear.
IRACGroup5insecticide
Donotapplymorethan6ozperacreper
season.
MustangMaxEC
12hr
Grassforage
&hay0d
Grassstraw
&screenings
7d
IRACGroup3insecticide
RUP:toxicitytofish&aquaticorganisms.See
labelforbufferzones,otherinfo.
Applyinsufficientwatertoensurethorough
coverageoffoliage;increasewaterinhotdry,
weather.
Minimum7daysbetweenapplicationsforforage
&hay,17daysforstraw,screenings,other.Donot
spraylivestock.Allowapplicationtodrybefore
lettinglivestockgrazeontreatedarea.
Maximumseasonaltotal/acforgrassforage,
fodder,andhaygroupandgrassgrownfor
seedis:Hay:17.2oz/ac/season;Forage,straw
&seedscreenings:21.5oz/ac/season.
148 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GRASSHOPPERSandCHINCHBUGS
GeneralComments:Nymphseasiertokillthanadults.Mayneedtoapplytograssandfieldedges.
Pesticide
Product/acre
REI
Beta‐cyfluthrinR
BaythroidXL
2.6–2.8oz/acre
12hr
Carbaryl
Variousformulations
SeeProductLabel
12hr
DiflubenzuronR
Dimilin2L
Dimilin25W
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
Karate,Silencerand
others
KarateZ
1.0–2.0oz/acreon
earlyinstars
1.0–2.0oz/ac
2.56–3.84oz/acre
1.28‐1.92ozperacre
12hrs
Lambda‐cyhalothrinR
+
Chlorantraniliprole
Besiege
5.0‐9.0oz/acre
24hrs
Zeta‐cypermethrinR
MustangMax
MustangMaxEC
2.8–4.0oz/ac
12hr
24hrs
PHI
Grass
forage
&hay0d
Grassstraw
&
screenings
7d
R=Restricteduse;REI=re‐entryinterval;PHI=pre‐harvestinterval
Comments
IRACGroup3insecticide
Maximumapplicationof11.3oz/acrefor
growingseason.Minimumfive(5)daysbetween
applications.
14d
IRACGroup1Ainsecticide
Besttoapply24–48hrsbeforeexpectedrain
becauseofpotentialproductwash‐off.Seewash‐
offresistanceinformationonlabel(ifpresent.)
VariousformulationsofCarbarylareavailable.
Consultlabelforproperuserequirements.
IRACGroup15insecticide
1dhay
harvest.
1dgrazing. Grasshoppersonly.Donotexceed6ozperacre
peryear.Useoneapplicationonearlyinstar(2nd
–4thinstar)nymphalstages.Usehighratefor
pastureland.Usehighsprayvolume–seelabel.
Firstapplicationatearlyinstarnymphs.Usehigh
rateforpastures.Seelabelforsprayvolumeand
additionofoilforhot/dryweather
0dgrazing, IRACGroup3insecticide
Donotapplymorethan0.72ptsperacreper
7dhay
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
harvest
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
Donotapplymorethan0.36ptsperacreper
season.Thirty(30)dayminimumretreatment
intervalifcropnotharvestedbetween
treatments.
0dgrazing IRACGroup3and28insecticide
7day
Donotexceed27.0oz/acre/year.Donotapply
harvest
morethan9oz/cutting.Applyaminimumof10
GPAbyground.Waitaminimumof7days
betweenapplications.
0dgrazing
andhay
harvest
149 IRACGroup3insecticide
RUP:toxicitytofish&aquaticorganisms.See
labelforbufferzones,otherinfo.Applyin
sufficientwatertoensurethoroughcoverageof
foliage;increasewaterinhotdry,weather.
Minimum7daysbetweenapplicationsforforage
&hay,17daysforstraw,screenings,other.Donot
spraylivestock.Allowapplicationtodrybefore
lettinglivestockgrazeontreatedarea.
Maximumseasonaltotal/acforgrassforage,
fodder,andhaygroupandgrassgrownfor
seedis:Hay:17.2oz/ac/season;Forage,straw
&seedscreenings:21.5oz/ac/season.