9/23/14 SOCIAL REFORM The Gilded Age 9/20/13 Quiz no. 2 •  Review notes for 5 minutes (Native Americans to Urbanization) •  Clear off desk •  Using a No. 2 pencil, complete the quiz •  Place on Ms. Beets’ desk •  DO NOT WRITE ON THE QUIZ! •  When you are finished, start reading the article on top of the textbooks. It’s an excerpt from Andrew Carnegie’s book The Gospel of Wealth. 1 9/23/14 Realism in Art •  Realism -­‐ portrayed people realistically instead of idealizing them as in the Romantic era. •  Thomas Eakins – paintings of regular people in day-­‐to-­‐day activities. Reform Main Idea: The pressing problems of the urban poor in the late 1800s and early 1900s eventually stimulated attempts to reform industrial society. •  Public Schools •  Social Criticism •  Debate between individualism/Social Darwinism and government help. •  Criticism of Industrial Society • 
Naturalism in literature – people failed in life because they were in circumstances they couldn’t control •  Should we redistribute wealth from the rich to the poor? •  Should govt regulate the economy, or should it be left to competition/supply and demand? 2 9/23/14 Social Gospel •  Early reform movement that preached salvation could be reached by serving the poor •  Biblical ideas of charity and justice •  Helped to start the establishment of settlement houses •  Community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to people in the area •  Salvation Army •  William Booth, founder. •  Practical aid & religious counseling to the urban poor. •  YMCA • 
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Bible studies Group activities Revival meetings Dwight L. Moody Settlement House Movement •  New Career Field – social worker •  Jane Addams Hull House in Chicago. •  Provided services to poor: medical care, recreation, English classes, hot lunches for factory workers. Hull House Jane Addams 3 9/23/14 Philanthropy of Industrialists •  Several wealthy industrialists elected to give back to the community through philanthropic activities •  Carnegie Hall •  Scholarships •  Libraries •  “The Gospel of Wealth” (1889) set forth Carnegie’s idea that rich men are trustees of their wealth and should administer it for the good of the public Rockefeller University Vanderbilt University Carnegie Hall Bell Ringer Example of realistic art from the group of painters known as the Ashcan school of artists. What is this painter saying about life in American cities during this time? 4 9/23/14 Today’s Activity •  Read the excerpt from Andrew Carnegie’s The Gospel of Wealth and answer the questions •  Work quietly •  You may listen to music 5