Name: ______________________________________________ Period: __________
Final Ecology Test Study Guide
What to do: This isn’t what the test will look like – but if you KNOW these concepts THOROUGHLY you will do well.
1. What role do producers have in the ecosystem? List 3 examples. (pg 298-299)
2. What role do consumers have in the ecosystem? List 3 examples. (pg 298-299)
3. What role do decomposers have in the ecosystem? List 3 examples. (pg 298-299)
4. List the 3 symbiotic relationships and give an example of each. (pg 293)
5. Explain the producer/consumer relationship and give an example.
6. Explain the predator/prey relationship and give an example.
7. What are some parts of the scientific method? Explain some things that scientists do.
8. What is the photosynthesis equation and what does it mean? What is taken in? What is given off?
9. What is the cellular respiration equation and what does it mean? What is taken in? What is given off?
10. Humans have an influence on the environment. One way that humans have an effect on the ecosystem is by
clear-cutting a hillside or mountain side. When trees and other plants are cut down, rainwater is able to erode
the mountainside a cause landslides or mudslides. Explain how a landslide or mudslide can affect others.
11. A. What relationship do the coyotes and rabbits have with each other? (Does the coyote respond to rabbit or
does rabbit respond to coyote?) B. What can be inferred about what happened between year 7 and 8?
12. Explain what a biome is and give 3 different examples of biomes. (pg 284)
PART B: Now do CHAPTER 9 REVIEW (pgs 310-311) in the book. DO #1-10 all AND 2 of #11-18. (Do on back of this.)
Name: ______________________________________________ Period: __________
ANSWERS to QUESTIONS 1-12 on STUDY GUIDE:
1.
Producers produce their own energy from the Sun or Hydrothermal Vents through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
respectively. They do NOT need to eat things to get energy. Examples are any plant, algae, phytoplankton, and some
bacteria.
2. Consumers CANNOT make their own energy so they EAT THINGS to get energy. Consumers may eat either producers
or consumers to get energy. Examples of consumers are lions, humans, ants, rabbits, some bacteria, microorganisms,
and zooplankton.
3. Decomposers break down dead material and put nutrients BACK into the environment thought the soil generally.
Examples of decomposers are earthworms, fungi, mushrooms, and some bacteria.
4. The three symbiotic relationships are mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. (Read the yellow paper and page 293
in the book for examples.)
5. The producer/consumer relationship consists of a producer being eaten by a consumer. This is the first step in a food
chain or food web after energy comes from the source to the producer. Examples are caterpillars eating leaves,
grasshoppers eating grass, cows eating grass, humans eating apples, etc
6. The predator/prey relationship consists of an animal hunting and/or eating another animal. This is NOT considered
parasitism, because something a little more is happening because one organisms is GIVING energy to another (by being
eaten). An example could be a wolf hunting or eating a deer or elk. It could be a lion hunting or eating a buffalo or
even a human hunting deer/birds/bear, etc
7. The scientific method consists of (but is not limited to) making observations, hypothesizing what might happen if
factors are changes, designing and performing a CONTROLLED experiment (an experiment with only ONE independent
variable changed at a time), careful data collection, graphing, and analyzing data, and then perhaps reporting that data
to an audience.
8. Photosynthesis takes in the things on the left of the arrow (H20 and CO2) and produces or gives off what’s on the right
side of the arrow (Glucose and O2). The sunlight over the arrow means that SUNLIGHT helps the reaction go and it
happens in the presence of light. It occurs in the chloroplasts of the cells. It converts light energy to chemical energy.
COW - GO
9. Cellular respiration takes in the things on the left of the arrow (glucose and O2) and produces or gives off what’s on the
right side of the arrow (H20 and CO2). It is the opposite of photosynthesis. IT occurs in the mitochondria of the cells.
It releases LOTS of energy and puts that energy into a usable form (ATP). It converts chemical energy to mechanical
energy and heat energy. Without it we wouldn’t be able to do anything! GO – COW
10. It’s important to know that by clear-cutting or clearing vegetation, a hillside is VERY susceptible to erosion and
landslides. Trees, bushes, weeds, and grass help keep the soil where it is and prevents landslides. Clear-cutting for ski
slopes can make the area susceptible to landslides or mudslides.
11. The COYOTE population responds to the RABBIT population (NOT the other way around). When the rabbit pop
increases, the coyote pop with as well. When the rabbit pop decreases, the coyote pop will as well. Perhaps in the
years 7-8 something happened to decrease the RABBIT population. It is NOT accurate to infer that something
happened to change the coyote population.
12. A biome is a geographical area that has similar biotic and abiotic factors. Examples are desert biome, tundra, grassland,
forest, rainforest, taiga, coral reef, savannah, etc