PERFECT TENSE
Simple Past &
Present Per fect
PERFECT TENSE
¡  The Latin per fect represents three English tenses
§  Laboravi (I worked) = Simple Past
§  Laboravi (I have worked) = Present Perfect
§  Laboravi (I did work) = Past Emphatic
¡  Simple Past
§  A simple tense consists of one word (worked). Other past tenses are
called Verb Phrases because they use auxiliary words in English
¡  Present Per fect
§  The present perfect tense in English uses the helping word “HAS/HAVE” (I
have worked)
¡  Past Emphatic
§  The past emphatic tense in English uses the helping word “DID” (I did
work)
IMPERFECT VS PERFECT TENSE
¡  The Latin IMPERFECT tense represents one English tense
§  Laborabam = Past Progressive
§  (I was working, I began to work, I kept working, I used to work)
¡  The Latin PERFECT tense represents three English tenses
§  Laboravi (I worked) = Simple Past
§  Laboravi (I have worked) = Present Perfect
§  Laboravi (I did work) = Past Emphatic
IS THE VERB PERFECT OR IMPERFECT?
¡ I was sitting at home in the evening watching
TV. The dog was sleeping beside me, and I
was not afraid because he was a good watch
dog. My husband was working late, and my
son was sleeping upstairs. Suddenly I heard a
noise in the kitchen. The dog sat up and
barked. I ran upstairs and called the police on
the phone. They arrived in minutes and found
that a broom had fallen out of the closet.
PRINCIPAL PARTS
1st, S, Pres,
Act, Ind
Pres. Act.
Infinitive
1st, S, Perf,
Act, Ind
Perf, Passive
Participle
amo
I love
amare
to love
amavi
amatus, a, um
I have loved loved, having been
loved
habeo
I hold
habēre
to hold
habui
I have held
habitus, a, um
held, having been
held
CONJUGATING THE PERFECT TENSE
Person
Singular
1st
amavi
I have loved
amavisti
you have loved
2nd
3rd
amavit
he, she, it has
loved
Plural
amavimus
we have loved
amavistis
you all have loved
amaverunt
they have loved
TIMELINE
Imperfect
Pluperfect
Perfect
Present
Future
Future Perfect
PRACTICE
(1)  vidēbant
(2)  vīderunt
(3)  vīdistī
(4)  fēcit
(5)  faciēbat
(6)  fēcerimus
(7)  fēcimus
(8)  faciēmus
(9)  fēcērunt
(10) vīxistī
(11) vīxērunt
(12) vincet
(13) vīcit
CONJUGATING THE PLUPERFECT TENSE
Person
1st
2nd
3rd
Singular
amaveram
I had loved
amaveras
you had loved
amaverat
he, she, it had
loved
Plural
amaveramus
we had loved
amaveratis
you all had loved
amaverant
they had loved