Final Exam Review
Expansion of America
Urbanization
1.Many immigrants left Europe to escape religious persecution,
poverty, the restrictions of social class, and forced military
service.
2. Nativism in the late 1800’s was focused on Asian, Jewish and
Eastern European immigrants.
3.In the late 19th Century, the middle class was made up of
doctors, lawyers, managers and teachers.
4.Graft is the acquisition of money in dishonest ways, as in bribing
a politician.
5.A political machine is an organization linked to a political party
that often controlled local government.
Urbanization
6.The philosophy of Social Darwinism applied Charles Darwin’s
theory of evolution to human society and competition.
7.In contrast to Social Darwinists, social reformers believed that
our society’s problems could be fixed by helping poor people
help themselves.
8.Individualism is the philosophy that some people fail in life
because of circumstances beyond their control.
9.Philanthropy is the idea of providing money to support
humanitarian or social goals.
10.Populism was a political movement founded in the late 1830’s
representing farmers.
Urbanization
11.Grangers created cooperatives that were intended to
raise the price of crops.
12.Statutes or laws enacted to enforce segregation are
known as Jim Crow Laws.
13.The idea of “separate but equal” was upheld by the
Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson.
14.In the late 19th Century, Southern states passed Jim
Crow Laws in order to put limits on voting rights
Progressivism
15.Progressivism was a reaction against laissez - faire
economics, which emphasized an unregulated free market.
16. Direct Primary is a vote held by all members of a political
party to decide their candidate for public office.
17. Initiative is the right of citizens to place a measure or issue
before the voters.
18. Referendum allows voters to accept or reject a measure
proposed by the legislature.
19.Recall enables voters to remove an elected official from
office.
20.Tragedy at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company led to:
building codes requiring fired escapes and fire drills
Progressivism
21.As the Progressive Movement gained momentum, many
women realized that they needed the right to vote to promote
reforms and pass labor laws.
22.The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote.
23.Alice Paul formed the National Women’s Party.
24.The Newlands Reclamation Act authorized the use of federal
funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land
development projects.
25.President Taft set up the Bureau of Mines to monitor the
activities of mining companies, protect waterpower sites from
private development and expand the national forests.
Progressivism
26.The Keating – Owens Act was passed in order to regulate child labor.
27.In the Election of 1912, Theodore Roosevelt was the presidential
candidate of the Progressive Party.
28.Under the Federal Reserve System banks would have to keep part of
their deposits in 1 of 12 reserve banks which would provide a cushion
against unexpected financial loss
29.Muckrakers were journalists. What role did they play in reforming
America during the Progressive Era?
published information regarding scandals, abuse or misdeeds of
politicians and businesses
gave the public knowledge of what was going on in the country
helped to bring about reform and changes
30.The Pure Food and Drug Act halted the sale of contaminated food
and medicine and called for truth in labeling.
Imperialism
31.Imperialism is known as actions used by one nation to exercise political
or economic control over a smaller weaker nation.
32.Many Americans supported overseas expansion because they believed
that the United States was destined to expand overseas and spread its
civilization to others.
33.Yellow Journalism is a sensational style of reporting in which writes
exaggerate or invent stories to attract readers.
34.The United States became a world power as a result of the Spanish
American War.
35.President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay established the Open
Door Policy to ensure that all nations would have access to China’s markets.
Imperialism
36.The Boxer Rebellion was a rebellion against foreigners in China.
37.President Roosevelt believed having a Canal through Central America
would save time and money for commercial and military shipping and was
vital to U.S. power in the world.
38. The Roosevelt Corollary said that the U.S. had to right to intervene in Latin
American countries.
39.Under the policy known as Dollar Diplomacy, President Taft supported
Latin American industry in order to increase trade and profits for U.S.
businesses and lift Latin American countries out of poverty and disorder.
40.A protectorate is a country that is technically independent but is under
the control of another country.
Imperialism
41.List the 3 Foreign Policy Goals that the U.S.
achieved by the early 20th Century:
expanded access to foreign markets
built a modern Navy
used international police power in Latin
America
World War I
42.List the 4 Long Term Causes of World War I:
Militarism
Alliance System
Imperialism
Nationalism
43.Who were the Allied Powers during WWI?
Great Britain, France, Russia, US ( 1917 )
44.Who were the Central Powers during WWI?
Germany, Austria – Hungary, Turkey
World War I
45.The policy of Neutrality kept the United States out of WWI until
1917.
46.To protect themselves against artillery fire troops began digging
trenches.
47.The goal of the von Schlieffen Plan was to allow Germany to drive
quickly toward the French capital.
48Airplanes and Tanks were two mechanized weapons introduced
during WWI.
49.What events helped lead the United States to enter World War I in
1917?
Zimmerman Telegram, the Russian Revolution,
continued sinking of American ships by German u boats
World War I
50.The Zimmerman Telegram proposed that Mexico become an ally of
Germany in the event of war between the United States and Germany.
51.The Selective Service Act required men to register for military service.
52.To mobilize for war, President Wilson established special boards so that
the federal government could control the economy.
53.During WWI, the federal government encouraged Americans to plant
Victory gardens to conserved food and to grow their own vegetables.
54.The Committee on Public Information was in charge of “selling” support
for World War I to the American people
55.The Espionage and Sedition Acts affected freedom of speech because
they allowed the government to silence ideas that challenged its authority
World War I
56.The Red Scare was the fear that Communists might
seize power in the United States.
57.The 14 Points was President Wilson’s peace plan for
Europe after WWI.
58.The Treaty of Versailles overlooked the importance
of treating all nations justly, including the losers of war.
World War I
59.Many Senators opposed U.S. membership in the
League of Nations because they feared it would drag
the U.S. into European conflicts.
60.After WWI, most Americans wanted to avoid future
wars by avoiding involvement in world affairs.
61Warren G. Harding’s sentiments of returning to
normalcy struck a chord with voters and he won the
election of 1920 with a landslide.
1920’s
62.Nativism is the belief that one’s land needs to be protected
against immigrants.
63.Many people viewed Sacco & Vanzetti with suspicion
because they were Italian immigrants and anarchists.
64.Many Americans joined the religious movement known as
Fundamentalism because they feared the country was losing its
traditional values.
65.Prohibition was created with the passage of the 18th
Amendment.
66.The purpose of the Volstead Act was to enforce Prohibition
1920’s
67.During Prohibition, people flocked to secret bars called
speakeasies, where they could purchase alcohol.
68.The Golden Age of Hollywood began in 1927 with the
release of the first “talking” motion picture.
69.The mass media includes radio, movies, newspaper and
magazines.
70.Jazz was influenced by Dixieland blues and ragtime.
71.A rising interest in sports and sports heroes was a major
development in popular culture during the 1920’s.
1920’s
72.Flappers were stylish, unconventional American women of the
1920’s who dressed in attire considered too revealing by previous
generations.
73.The 19th Amendment, passed in 1920, gave women the right
to vote.
74.The Harlem Renaissance was known as the flowering of
African American arts in the 1920’s.
75.After WWI, the NAACP launched a new campaign for a
federal law against lynching.
1920’s
76.In 1922, the NAACP’s lobbying efforts influenced the House of
Representatives to pass
Anti – lynching laws.
77.Marcus Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement
Association.
78.In the early 1920’s, the Ku Klux Klan added to its membership by
pledging to preserve American’s white Protestant civilization.
79.The event known as the Great Migration increased the African
American population in many Northern cities.
80.The NAACP battled against segregation and discrimination,
focused on lobbying public officials and worked through the court
system to change laws effecting African Americans.