!" # !" # $ % % & ! ' ( * !" )( # ' # # # $%& ( ! )( " ' * + , -..//0-11 2 + 32+ ( 405 . " #$ 1 1 1/ 1$ 1 1 1/ 1$ 0$ -1 -1 -1/ -1+$ 71 71 % &' ( ) " ( 8 ) * ) 8 " ') ) * 56 ) + 7 4 '& #, . , & 56 ) * - * " 1 ' " # .#/ 2 0 3" * 4 5 6 4 /, / / ) ) ) '7 * 4 5 - *"- & ( ) ) 9 '9 ) ) ) ) * * 4 5 5 41 41 41/ 41- 5 5 ) 2 7 /5 /0 '7 *' 0 -/ -4 -. ) & ) & ) & & /$ ) 2 * "" * 4 5 5" 7, ' " 2 *" '7 ++ 1 9 ) 5 5 : : & & & % 8 ') ) * -7 " 9' 5" -- % 8:' " * ; -* . -- % 8 -- % 8 = ( *" 1' 1' ' 7 * 4 *" >< % $< 74 7. 4 ) -- 8#;<$ " '9 6$ 1 1/ * $ ,, *&7 & * "< * " ( * "< * " */4 -<? */4 -< < 5 5 ; ; A ; ) ;$ ) ) A =B 5 & C5 ) 5 C & 5 4; ) C & )) & *&7 E & 2 = & & > E )& & & ) 0; )) ) ) 11111111111111111111111111111111 7 > 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 . & 7; ;D " & = = /; -; @ 5 = & ,,4 , A " > 11 0 > 1111111111111111111111 , > 11111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 & > 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 = & > 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 & & & ) 11111111111 5 ) 5 1111111111 = 4 4 - #$ % &' ( '9 ) ') ) * && 5 5) % $F ) )1 56) & ) ) 5 E ) &5 # & F )& E % $F $ #$# 8 5 # )E )& ) = ) && E E E % $F $ 1 1? & ( " # & & & & ) " H )E ) ) 1 G &45* ' ,,4E 56) 5 ) 0 >1 " I & = 56 ) E & ) & ) && 5 % $> ) ) ) 1 E % $F $ ) ; E & & F ) & 5 ) && # ) ) ! G " # *&7 & 5 ) 5 E & 2 = & E F 5 ) ) E ) 5 5 * E + F E ) & ) ) 1 & ) " & 1 % $F 5 )) ) 5 ) 5 ) 9 5 ) 5 & ) * + 5 1 ) ) E ) 1 ) ,,, A ) F )& ) 1' ) ) ) ) ) & ) ) ) ) & ) ) ) ) E 5 ) ,,,E ) E % $ ) 1 ) > ) ) ) ,,7> ) ) E 5 G ) ) 9 ) ) ) * ) % $= 1 )) + ) E E )1 7 ) )E & ) G = C % $F 8 && # ) & & $ 5 ) $ )& 5 ) ) 1 ) % $ > L./7 ) &5 & & ) ,, ) ) ) ) ) ) ; 1 * + 5 & & 1 1 ) ) / / H ,,01 E & 1 " 5 9& ) )G ; L . E G ,,01 )& > 5 & & 5 0 & &5 L 0& =) L L- & , E ) &5 & & 9& &5 ) ) )E =) ) ) 2 = F) 5 ) " ) K & 5 L .. *&7 ) && ) && )& " ) 7 ,H + ) 1 ) #$ / * J ) % $ % $F 1 ) % $F 9 5 ' 5 ) && ) 5 ; ) ) ' 0 ) >1 ; % $F ' = 56 ) E % $ ) ' G 1 ,, E & G ) &5 9 5) & ) ) )E L ,, 1 E$1 M & & >1 & >1 EH1 = ) &5 ) && ,, >1 ) 4 L4 & ) L0 )& E 5 L./7 ) & 5 ,,4 $ ) & ) ) #$ 1- N/1. ) E .7 ) 1 ) 5" & * ") 1 ' * 4 5 "5 5 E =/4 ) 1 *. " ) 5 7 2 ) '&7 > 1 E ) " =7 ) & ) E 5 ) ,,4 , &5 ) 5 ) & & & ; =1 1 J =7 G J ) ) ) " -, =/ ) ) E E- ) E ) )& =0 ) =.7 ) ) >E )1 4 ) >1 8 ) & ) E >1 / >1 5 E K>O >E ) ) ) % $ >1 =4, E ) ) E & ) ) K O ) 1 ) & && - ) E 1 && #$ $# I L//4 ) & 9& & & ) /, ) 1 1 & @ ) A & >1 ) : =) /1,1 8 5 E 7 >1 ! >E & 5 & E & >1 A - & * + )& 5 & ) ) " & ' ) ) 5) = = =00 ) ) )1 5 1 The maximum margin of error (at the 95 percent confidence level) provides the range around the reported percentage which is likely to include the true percentage for the population of interest, assuming a normal sample distribution. In other words, one is 95 percent confident that the "true" percentage is within the plus/minus range quoted, given a survey sample of the size in question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urchase age (4 ) %# 5'* 8 '-- * "7 ' 1 " (4 , *) +% " ) ') * 4 5 5 B - " 1 ' 7 5 2 7 &7 7 " % Drinking age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he maximum margin of error (at the 95 percent confidence level) provides the range around the reported percentage which is likely to include the true percentage for the population of interest, assuming a normal sample distribution. In other " *&7 2 = > $0$# # ) "" )E ) 8 & 8 ) ) 5 1 ) E E 5 E ) 5 & ) 5 ) 1 ; E) & 0 5 1 " & " E 1 ) )E ! )& 5 ) & 2 " ) " ! % $ >1 ) E ) ) )" >1 )& " A D E ) & & E ) . E E" E 1 ) 5 ) ) ) = 5 E 5 ) ) ) & )& E E" 5 & =1 1 : & ,,4 , ) 1 words, one is 95 percent confident that the "true" percentage is within the plus/minus range quoted, given a survey sample of the size in question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↓ ., 0 ↑ 0/↓ ↓ 0. 4 $ , , -4 4 0 / 00 . 0, 7- 0- -. 0 - 0 /. 4 /7 -0 -, 7 0↓ ↓ 47 1 14 1 /1 ↑ C " *" 7 : C " %# 8 & * 2 " , , 7. -4↑ ↑ --↓ ↓ -7↑ ↑ -7 /1 14↓ ↓ 14 1 7/↓ ↓ 7 17 7 7 1- 4- 7 7, 7, /7 7- /. 17 -- * / 7 1- 0 14 7/ / 10 17 & ( + " 14 " A 7 7 * % " 7 0- . , /-↑ ↑ / ) G ) )C G ) D G * G ) )" * 9" % " I # 0 ) ) / /- /, 0 // , ↑ 0 4 /7 /4 -0 / 0 4 0 . , . 0 0 / /, / , 4↑ ↑ 4 / / 0 , . - -. -/ 70 , 7/ 7- -4 & C . - / ↑ 4 , . . , , / /↑ ↑ / , ↑ . ) #" =% U7,E,,,> & =U7, 0,E,,,> =U0,E,,, > )" , " 0 7.↑ ↑ 7 / % " " # " & & E 5 " & - -, 7 4 / -- . . 7, 7 7↓ ↓ .7↑ ↑ 0 7 /- - 0 .4 ./ 00 44 .4 4/4 , ,, , ,, ↓ , ,, ) , ,, E E ) * E 1 & ) ) 2 = - 0 -, 0 7 0 A ) ) *&7 , %" )1 " / . 0↓ ↓ 0 ↑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↑ ↑ 0 . : *" !" # 2" ' , B *" !" # ' , $ " % % # =& > = > = ? > = > = > = & > ,, , 7. -- 7- 7- 7 , ,, - 74 -4 -4 -. /↑ ↑ / 4 , . 0↓ ↓ 4. 0 ↑ 0- ,, 0 0 ↑ / 71/ 71 71/ 41 71- 71-↑ ↑ /10 0 . ,, , , . , ,, , ↓ 4 ., 0 = > % 0 " & ( 7 * # % " ) ) : ) 9" #" %" )" 7 , 00 . 0. ., ., , , ,, - - , , -4 4 ↑ 04 04 0, 0, 7- 0- 0/↓ ↓ 0. ,,↑ ↑ .- .4 .- 00 4/ .4 .7↑ ↑ 0 , 4↑ ↑ - 4 / - 7↓ ↓ 0 4 /0↑ ↑ /7 0 -4↑ ↑ 7 /,↓ ↓ / , -,↑ ↑ /- /7 -- -7 // /- , / 4 4 -7 4 7 , - // 77 - 7 , , , , , , , ,, " / C . 0 C % 0 C / C ) %) " # " , ' , ' " " ) & 7P J & )K ) )) ' / )) 04 5 * 5 * BA ) E ) ↑ &5 A )1 * ) >1 V* & 5 & 5 ) ) " *&7 2 = . - 0 4- , , 5 5 F J ) ) A 1 & E O ) E ) )& E ) ) > 1 K1 ↓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igh % Pacific 2. Mäori roll 3. General roll (general) 4. Recruited QUOTA: MALE Pacific male ............................. n=87 Mäori male............................... n=87 “Other” male .......................... n=292 QUOTA: FEMALE Pacific female .......................... n=88 Mäori female............................ n=88 “Other” female ....................... n=293 ALAC PARENTS SURVEY 2007 Research New Zealand #3674 JANUARY 2008 INTRODUCTION HIGH % PACIFIC (LOC=1) – NO LETTER Good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is ^2, from Research New Zealand. We are conducting a survey about parents’ and caregivers’ opinions on a range of different topics relating to teenagers. The survey will take around 15 minutes, and the findings will be used to help develop resources for parents and teenagers. At this stage we mostly need to talk to people who belong to a Pacific ethnic group. MALE AVAILABILITY Is there a male in your household who is a parent or caregiver of a 12 to 17 year old, and who belongs to a Pacific ethnic group? Is now a good time to speak to you/him? IF NO MALES, ASK FEMALE AVAILABILITY FEMALE AVAILABILITY Is there a female in your household who is a parent or caregiver of a 12 to 17 year old, and who belongs to a Pacific ethnic group? Is now a good time to speak to you/her? IF NO PACIFIC PEOPLE AT ALL IN HOUSEHOLD, THANK AND TERMINATE. CODE AS “NO PACIFIC PERSON IN HOUSE”: I’m sorry, at this stage we only need to speak to people from Pacific ethnic groups. Thanks for your time. MÄORI (LOC=2) & GENERAL (LOC=3) – LETTER Kia ora/good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is ^2, from Research New Zealand. Could I please speak to [NAME]? Recently we sent you or your household a letter about parents’ and caregivers’ opinions on a range of different topics relating to teenagers. The survey will take around 15 minutes, and the findings will be used to help develop resources for parents and teenagers. MALE AVAILABILITY Is there a male in your household who is a parent or caregiver of a 12 to 17 year old? Is now a good time to speak to you/him? IF NO MALES, ASK FEMALE AVAILABILITY FEMALE AVAILABILITY Is there a female in your household who is a parent or caregiver of a 12 to 17 year old? Is now a good time to speak to you/her? IF NO FEMALES, TERMINATE FAILED SCREENER ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 1 RECRUITED FROM PREVIOUS ALAC SURVEY (LOC=4) Good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is ^2, from Research New Zealand. IF RESPONDENT NAME AVAILABLE ASK: Can I please speak to [Name]? READ TO ALL: In the last few months, you or someone else in your household took part in a survey we conducted for ALAC. At the time of that survey you said that you would be happy to participate in further research that we might do. We are now conducting a survey with parents and caregivers of 12 to 17 year olds, about opinions on a range of different topics relating to teenagers. The survey will take around 20 minutes, and the findings will be used to help develop resources for parents and teenagers. Can I confirm that you are a parent or caregiver of a 12 to 17 year old? Would you be happy to do the survey? Is now a good time to speak to you? IF YES, CONTINUE. MAKE APPOINTMENT AS NEEDED. IF NO, ASK: Is there another parent in your household who might be interested in doing the survey? Is now a good time to speak to him/her? IF YES, CONTINUE. IF NO, TERMINATE. IF YES, CONTINUE. IF PERSON NOT AVAILABLE, ASK: When would be a good time for me to call back to speak to him/her? MAKE APPOINTMENT. REINTRODUCE AS NECESSARY Kia ora/good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is ^2, from Research New Zealand. I’m calling to arrange a time to do a survey about parents’ and caregivers’ opinions on a range of different topics relating to teenagers. The survey will take around 15 minutes, and the findings will be used to help develop resources for parents and teenagers. Your participation is entirely voluntary. However, we would greatly appreciate you taking part, to ensure we speak to a good cross-section of New Zealanders. The survey will take around 15 minutes. Is now a good time? IF NOT AVAILABLE, ASK: When would be a more convenient time? MAKE APPOINTMENT. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ONLY IF NEEDED: • This is genuine market research. I’m not selling anything. • Information you provide is confidential. We report summary results about groups; and in accordance with the Market Research Society Code of Practice will not identify your individual responses. • Your contact details were obtained from: LOC 1 (HIGH % PACIFIC)- the Electronic White Pages phone directories. LOC 2 (MAORI) & LOC 3 (GENERAL ROLL) - the Electoral roll and White Pages phone directories LOC 4 (RECRUITED) – you took part in a survey within the last few months and said you would be happy to be contacted for future research. • I can’t tell you who we are doing this research for just yet, as it might influence how you answer some questions. However I’m happy to tell you who the client is at the end of the interview. • If you would like any further information about our survey, you can call Shane Palmer, the project manager. You can contact Shane on 0800 500 168, or 499 3088 if in Wellington. ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 2 READ As part of our quality improvement process, my Supervisor may listen to this call. ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 3 SECTION 1: SCREENING QUESTIONS Q1 First of all, can you please tell me how many children you are the parent or guardian of? 1 .....One 2 .....Two 3 .....Three 4 .....Four 5 .....Five 6 .....Six or more Specify 99 ...Refused ] Terminate Q2 IF 1 AT Q1 GO Q3, ELSE ASK: And how many of these children are aged 12 to 17? 1 .....One 2 .....Two 3 .....Three 4 .....Four 5 .....Five 6 Six or more Specify 99 ...Refused ] Terminate Q3 IF CODE 1 AT Q1 OR CODE 1 AT Q2 ASK: And how old is your teenager? IF NOT 1 AT Q2 ASK: And can you tell me the age of the oldest 12-17 year old child you have living with you? If necessary: Whether they live with you all or only part of the time. If only one 12-17 year old, code age below 1 .....12 2 .....13 3 .....14 4 .....15 5 .....16 6 17 99 ...Refused ] Terminate TERMINATE REFUSED AT Q1 TO Q3: To complete the survey we need to be able to identify the age of your oldest 12 to 17 year old. Thanks for your time. Q4 And can you tell me the gender of this teenager? 1 .....Male 2 .....Female 99 ...Refused Q5 Check age of oldest 12-17 year old child coded at Q3: Thinking about your [response from Q3] year old, does this teenager live with you on a full-time basis? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know/Refused ] Q7 ] Terminate Q6 Does this teenager live in your household for at least 2 days every fortnight? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know/Refused ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 ] Terminate ] Terminate 4 Q7 Which of the following ethnic groups do you fit into? You can be in more than one. Are you…? Read. Code many 1, ....Maori 2, ....New Zealand European/Pakeha 3, ....Samoan 4, ....Cook Island Mäori / Rarotongan 5, ....Tongan 6, ....Niuean 7, ....Other Pacific Island (Tokelauan, Fijian, etc.) 8, ....Chinese 9, ....Indian 10, ..Korean 11, ..Other Asian (Japanese, Indonesian, etc.) 96, ..Other [SPECIFY] ***DO NOT READ*** 98 ...Don’t know ;E ***DO NOT READ*** 99 ...Refused ;E ***DO NOT READ*** TERMINATE IF LOC=1 & NOT CODE 3, 4, 5, 6 OR 7 AT Q7 Q8 Code respondent’s (parent’s) gender. Do Not Read 1 .....Male 2 .....Female Check ethnicity, gender and age quotas and continue/terminate I’m sorry, but we’ve interviewed enough people in your category. But thank you very much for talking to me. if necessary, say: By enough people in your category, I mean that we have interviewed enough people of your teen’s age and your ethnicity and gender for this survey. if terminated, say: ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 5 SECTION 2: ISSUES THAT CONCERN PARENTS ABOUT THEIR TEENAGERS Q9 In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? Do Not Read. Code first mentioned Q10 And what other concerns do parents have? Do Not Read. Code many. If necessary: And what about things to do with school/working/relationships/ entertainment? Q9 Q10 First mentioned Others mentioned a. Alcohol generally 1 1 b. Alcohol related damage to teens’ physical health 2 2 c. Alcohol related sexual vulnerability 3 3 d. Alcohol related violence or aggression 4 4 e. Alcohol related damage to teens’ mental health 5 5 f. 6 6 g. Drugs and drug related issues 7 7 h. Strong peer pressure/being forced to do things to be allowed to stay in the group e.g., drink, smoke, do drugs etc. 8 8 i. School/Education/Qualifications in general 9 9 j. Getting a job (full-time/part-time) 10 10 k. Sexual relationships 11 11 12 12 m. Dangerous driving (speed, alcohol) 13 13 n. Difficulties communicating with their teens 14 14 o. Teen pregnancy 15 15 p. Teen suicide 16 16 q. Difficulties enforcing rules with their teens 17 17 r. 18 18 ALCOHOL-RELATED Drink-driving OTHER ISSUES l. Self image/self confidence/self esteem/mental health Sexually transmitted diseases s. The cost of an education (Uni/ polytech/ apprenticeships) 19 19 t. Staying out too late/ breaking curfews 20 20 u. Personal safety 21 21 v. 22 22 w. Becoming independent 23 23 x. Others Specify 96 96 y. None 97 ] Q11 97;E z. Don’t know 98 ] Q11 98;E 99 ] Q11 99;E Being with the wrong crowd / having good friends aa. Refused ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 6 Q11 IF NONE OF CODES 1 TO 5 MENTIONED AT Q9 OR Q10 ASK, ELSE GO Q12 And what about alcohol? Do you think this is a concern that parents have to deal with in relation to their teenagers? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know/Refused ] Q15 ] Q15 Q12 Which one of the following statements do you believe is most true? READ. Rand. 1. ....Alcohol on it’s own is a problem for teenagers 2. ....Alcohol is only really a problem when associated with other issues (like violence, drugs, or getting into other trouble) 98. ..Don’t know ***DO NOT READ*** 99 ...Refused ***DO NOT READ*** Q13 What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? Do Not Read. Code first mentioned Q14 Anything else? PROBE TO NO. CODE MANY Q13 Q14 First mentioned Others mentioned a. Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) 1 1 b. Embarrassing themselves or their family 2 2 c. Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) 3 3 d. Hurting themselves accidentally 4 4 e. Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active 5 5 f. Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused 6 6 7 7 h. Feeling emotionally vulnerable or depressed 8 8 i. Death / loss of life 9 9 j. Damaging their personal or family relationships 10 10 k. Not being able to meet family responsibilities 11 11 l. Not being able to meet school or work commitments 12 12 m. Impact on sports, pastimes or recreation 13 13 n. Getting into trouble with the Police / the law 14 14 o. Impacting on their future opportunities / success 15 15 p. Binge drinking / drinking too much 16 16 q. Making bad decisions / choices / taking risks 17 17 r. Peer pressure 18 18 s. Easy access to alcohol 19 19 t. Other [SPECIFY] 96 96 u. Nothing/no others 97 97 ;E v. 98 98 ;E g. Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation (physical and/or sexual violence) Don’t know ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 7 SECTION 3: YOUR TEENAGER AND ALCOHOL Q15 IF NOT CODE 1 AT Q2 ASK, ELSE GO Q16 I’d like you to answer the rest of this interview based on your experience with your oldest teenager. Q16 To the best of your knowledge, does your/this teenager drink alcohol? This means having at least a whole glass of alcohol, and could be on a regular basis, or every now and again, but not necessarily heavy drinking. 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know ] Q26 ] Q26 Q17 As far as you know, has your teenager ever consumed five or more drinks of alcohol on one occasion? For example, on one night or at one event. 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know Q18 And do you think your teenager has ever drunk too much alcohol? 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know Q19 To the best of your knowledge, how does your teenager currently obtain the alcohol they drink? PROMPT: Any other ways? PROBE TO NO. Code many. 1 .....From me 2 .....From other parent/caregiver 3 .....Teen buys it him/herself 4 .....From his/her friends 5 .....From a brother or sister 6 .....From a friend’s parents/siblings 7 .....From another adult the teen knows 8 .....From a stranger 9 .....Teen steals it/sneaks it 10 ...From extended family (e.g. aunts/uncles/cousins) 96 ...Other 98 ...Don’t know ;E 99 ...Refused ;E Q20 IF CODE 1 AT Q19 ASK, ELSE GO Q21: For what reason(s) do you provide alcohol for your teenager? PROMPT: Anything else? PROBE TO NO. Code many. 1 .....I think they’re old enough to drink 2 .....I think they’re responsible enough to drink 3 .....Their friends drink alcohol 4 .....To limit/control how much alcohol they drink 5 .....To limit/control the types of alcohol (alcohol content) they drink 6 .....So they don’t need to get alcohol from others (e.g. friends) 7 .....For special occasions / family events 8 .....To help educate them (to drink safely) 96 ...Other Specify 98 ...Don’t know ;E 99 ...Refused ;E ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 8 Q21 And within the last six months have you ever given your teenager alcohol to take to a party or social occasion that you did not attend? 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know Q22 IF CODE 1 AT Q21 ASK, ELSE GO Q25: The last time you did this, what type of alcohol did you mainly give them? CODE ONE ONLY If two or more drink types mentioned, ask: Which one of these did you provide the most of? If spirits mentioned prompt: Is that light spirits, e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Moscow Light, Kentucky Gold, or full strength spirits, e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff? 1 .....Low alcohol beer 2 .....Ordinary strength beer 3 .....Extra strength beer (e.g. Elephant Beer, Duvel, Chimay) 4 .....Wine or sparkling wine 5 RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) 6 Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) 7 Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) 8 .....Liqueurs (e.g. Baileys) 9 .....Port or sherry 96 ...Other Specify ] Q25 97 ...Have not given teenager alcohol 98 ...Don’t know ] Q25 99 ...Refused ] Q25 Q23 And on that occasion, about how many drinks or servings of [DRINK TYPE REPORTED IN Q22] did you give them? PROMPT: A “drink” is a whole can or bottle of beer, a glass of wine, a glass or tumbler of spirits mixed or straight, an RTD bottle, etc. An approximate answer is OK. ENSURE PART-DRINKS ARE SPECIFIED, E.G. “4½”, “4.5”, ETC. ALSO CLARIFY SIZE/TYPE OF CONTAINER IF NON-STANDARD OR UNUSUAL. 1 ..... NUMBER OF DRINKS [SPECIFY] 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused Q24 And what type(s) of party or social occasion was your teenager going to on that last occasion? Code many 1 .....Family function (wedding / birthday party, etc) 2 .....Party with friends / school-mates 3 .....School function / Ball or after-Ball 4 .....Sports function 96 Other Specify 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 9 Q25 In the past 6 months, have you given your teenager any money specifically to buy alcohol to take to an event which you did not attend? If yes: The last time you did this, how much would you have given them? PROMPT IF NECESSARY: Excluding any money you might give them for entertainment or taxis, etc. 1 .....Less than $10 2 .....$10-20 3 .....$21-30 4 .....More than $30 5 .....None/have not given money for alcohol 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused Q26 I’m now going to read out some statements that other parents have said about their teenager and alcohol, and I’d like you to let me know whether you agree or disagree with each statement in relation to your own teenager? Code one for each statement. RND PROBE: Is that strongly agree/disagree or just agree/disagree? Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don’t know a. It is OK for my teenager to get drunk sometimes 1 2 3 4 5 98 b. Getting drunk is part of having fun as a teenager 1 2 3 4 5 98 c. Teenagers (under 18 years old) should not drink at all 1 2 3 4 5 98 d. I set a good example for my teenager through my own drinking behaviour 1 2 3 4 5 98 e. I teach my teenager to drink responsibly by introducing alcohol in a controlled home environment 1 2 3 4 5 98 f. It’s OK for teenagers to drink on special occasions (e.g. Christmas, family BBQs, weddings) 1 2 3 4 5 98 ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 10 SECTION 4: HELPING TEENAGERS WITH THEIR DRINKING Q27 Do you believe teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking? Prompt if necessary: That is, help in dealing with situations and circumstances in which alcohol is present. 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know 99 ...Refused ] Q33 ] Q33 ] Q33 Q28 Who are all the people you believe should play a role in this regard? Code many PROBE TO That is, help in dealing with situations and circumstances in which alcohol is present. NO. Prompt if necessary: 1 .....Myself / Parents / Guardians 2 .....Police 3 .....Teachers/schools 4 .....Church 5 .....Whanau/extended family 6 .....The teen themselves 7 .....Other community organisation Specify 8 .....Other Government organisation Specify 9 .....Friends 10 ...Parents of friends 11 ...Any adult / all adults 12 ...The media 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...Nobody ;E 98 ...Don’t know ;E Q29 What role do you believe you have in helping your teen to make responsible decisions about drinking? PROMPT: Anything else? PROBE TO NO. Code many. CONTROLLING 1 .....Making sure they don’t drink alcohol 2 .....Limiting how much they drink 3 .....Limiting the types of alcohol they drink 4 .....Setting boundaries about where / how long they go out / who with SUPERVISING 5 .....Supervising them when they drink alcohol 6 .....Talking with other parents/adults who will be present 7 .....Making sure they are safe around alcohol EDUCATING / COMMUNICATING 8 .....Talking to them about alcohol and their drinking 9 .....Helping them learn how to handle alcohol responsibly in social settings MODELLING 10 ...Making sure I don’t drink when with my teen/children 11 ...Making sure I drink responsibly when with my teen/children 12 ...Making sure I don’t get drunk when with my teen/children 13 ...Being a role model / setting a good example 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...None / Don’t believe I have a role ;E 98 ...Don’t know ;E ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 11 Q30 IF CODE 97 AT Q29 GO Q33 How would you describe the importance of your role, compared to the role played by other people? Code one only. Read 1 .....I am most responsible 2 .....I am equally responsible, and other people are responsible too 3 .....I have some responsibility, but someone else has more responsibility 4 .....It’s not my responsibility 98 ...Don’t know ***DO NOT READ*** 99 ...Refused ***DO NOT READ*** ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 12 SECTION 5: ISSUES AND CONCERNS Q31 DELETED Q32 DELETED Q33 Which of the following is an issue you have recently or are currently having to deal with relating to your teenager and alcohol? Just say yes or no for each one I read out. Read. Rand. Code many. PROMPT IF NECESSARY: By recently, I mean in the last few months or so. Don’t know/not applicable Refused Yes No a. ...Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) 1 2 98 99 b. ...Embarrassing themselves or their family 1 2 98 99 c. ...Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) 1 2 98 99 d. ...Hurting themselves accidentally e. ...Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active 1 2 98 99 1 2 98 99 1 2 98 99 1 2 98 99 h. ...Not being able to meet family responsibilities 1 2 98 99 i. ....Not being able to meet school or work commitments j. ....Not being able to meet sporting or cultural commitments 1 2 98 99 1 2 98 99 k. ...Getting into trouble with the Police / the law 1 2 98 99 l. ....Drinking without adult supervision 1 2 98 99 m. ..Drinking more than I think is good for them 1 2 98 99 n. ...Going to large parties 1 2 98 99 o. ...Not telling me where they are going or who with 1 2 98 99 p. ...Not coming home at the time I’ve told them 1 2 98 99 q. ...Being in places where drugs are also available 1 2 98 99 f. ....Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused g. ...Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 13 Q34 I’m now going to read out some statements about the steps that some parents take in regard to their teenager and alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether or not this is something you have done in the last three months? RAND. Read. Code one for each statement. PROBE IF NECESSARY: Have you done that in the last three months? Yes No Don’t know/not applicable a. I have discussions with my teenager about alcohol related issues, especially before/after events. 1 2 98 b. I set clear rules for my teenager about alcohol use. 1 2 98 c. I make it a rule that my teen mustn’t drink alcohol when they go out. 1 2 98 d. I talk to my teenager about the kind of things that can go wrong in situations where alcohol is present. 1 2 98 e. I ensure that my teenager has adult supervision in situations where alcohol is present. 1 2 98 f. Before my teenager attends an event where alcohol will be present, I set a limit on how much my teenager can drink. 1 2 98 g. Before my teenager attends a party, I contact the parents or other adults hosting that party. 1 2 98 h. My teenager and I agree on arrangements about transportation to and from an event before they go out. 1 2 98 i. When my teenager goes out, I know where he/she is going and who with. 1 2 98 j. I set a curfew before my teenager goes out at night. 1 2 98 k. My teenager has to let me know when he or she is safely home at night. 1 2 98 l. I pick my teen up from evening social functions which he/she has attended. 1 2 98 m. I talk to the parents of my teenager’s friends about events or parties they are going to. 1 2 98 n. I punish or ground my child in some way if they break their rules or curfew 1 2 98 o. I make sure I always have telephone contact with my child when they are out and alcohol is present 1 2 98 p. I make sure my teen knows I will pick them up any time if they need me 1 2 98 ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 14 Q35 I’m now going to read out some statements about problems that some parents have encountered when dealing with their teenager in relation to alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether you or not you experience each problem with your own teen? Read. Code one for each statement. Yes No Don’t know/not applicable a. I have difficulty approaching my teenager to talk to them about alcohol related issues. 1 2 98 b. I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but their other parent lets them break those rules. 1 2 98 c. I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but he/she breaks them. 1 2 98 d. It’s hard to set rules because my teenager’s friends have parents who are more lenient. 1 2 98 e. It’s difficult to find information that might help me deal with my teenager and alcohol related issues 1 2 98 ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 15 SECTION 6: AWARENESS AND USE OF SUPPORT AND RESOURCES Q36 Thinking now about the help and support available to parents dealing with teenagers and alcohol related issues. What people, organisations or resources do you know of that you could go to if you wanted to talk to someone about these issues? Do not read. Code many. PROMPT: Can you think of anything else? PROBE TO NO Q37 Which people, organisations or resources have you actually accessed, used or talked to about your teenager and alcohol-related issues? Do not read. Code many. PROBE TO NO Q36 Q37 a. My husband/wife/partner/child’s other parent 1 1 b. Friends 2 2 c. 3 3 d. Other parents 4 4 e. The school 5 5 f. The marae 6 6 g. The church 7 7 h. The Alcohol Helpline 8 8 i. Personal Help Services (a section in the front of phone books) 9 9 j. Barnardos 10 10 k. Citizens Advice Bureau 11 11 l. Relationship Services 12 12 m. Stopping Violence 13 13 n. Toughlove Parent Support Groups 14 14 o. Dare 15 15 p. AA 16 16 q. Books 17 17 r. ALAC web page 18 18 s. The Police 19 19 t. ALAC (general mention) 20 20 u. Doctors / medical professionals / community health providers 21 21 v. 22 22 w. Internet resources 23 23 x. Counsellors (school or general mention) 24 24 y. Others Specify 96 96 z. None 97;E ] Q40 97;E aa. Don’t know 98;E ] Q40 98;E bb. Refused 99;E ] Q40 99;E Extended family Youthline / Parentline / other helplines ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 16 Q38 How much information and support do you feel you have to help you deal with your teenager and alcohol? READ. 1 .....A lot ] Q40 2 .....A reasonable amount 3 .....Not much / not enough 4 .....None at all 97 ...Don’t need any information or resources at the moment ***DO NOT READ***] Q40 ] Q40 98 ...Don’t know ***DO NOT READ*** Q39 IF NOT CODE 1 AT Q38 ASK, ELSE GO Q40 What other information or resources would be helpful? 1 .....More education / information in schools 2 .....Brochures / parenting tips / info for parents 3 .....More internet resources 4 .....More use of media / advertising 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...None 98 ...Don’t know ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 17 SECTION 7: KNOWLEDGE OF AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS LEGISLATION Q40 I’m going to ask a few questions now about the law relating to alcohol in New Zealand. As far as you know, what law or laws relate to teenagers and alcohol? Code many. 1 .....Minimum purchase age (of 18 years) 2 .....Minimum drinking age 3 .....Laws about who can supply alcohol to minors 4 .....Drink driving laws 5 .....Laws about drinking in public places 96 ...Other Specify 98 ...Don’t know Q41 IF CODE 2 AT Q40 ASK, ELSE GO Q42: As far as you know, what is the minimum age that a person can legally drink alcohol in New Zealand at the moment? PROMPT IF NECESSARY: That is, what is the minimum drinking age at the moment? (NOT what you think it should be). 1 .....Younger than 15 years 2 .....15 years 3 .....16 years 4 .....17 years 5 .....18 years 6 .....19 years 7 .....20 years or older 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...Can drink at any age 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused As necessary: There is currently no law in New Zealand about the age a person can drink alcohol. Q42 Do you know how old people need to be before they can legally buy alcohol in New Zealand? 1 .....Less than 18 years 2 .....18 years 3 .....19 years 4 .....20 years 5 .....Over 20 years 97 Don’t know As necessary: People need to be 18 years before they can buy alcohol in NZ. Q43 And at what age do you believe it should be legal for a teenager to buy their own alcohol? 1 .....Should be legal at any age 2 .....15 years 3 .....16 years 4 .....17 years 5 .....18 years 6 .....19 years 7 .....20 years or older 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...Should be illegal for any teenager 98 Don’t know 99 ...Refused ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 18 Q44 And do you know if there are any situations where under 18 years olds can be legally given alcohol to drink? Code many. PROBE TO NO. Correct responses 1 .....When it is given to them by their parent or legal guardian st 2 .....When it is given to them at a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21 birthday party) Incorrect responses 3 .....If it is given to them by an older family member 4 .....If it is given to them by an adult 5 .....In a restaurant or café where there is food 96 ...Other 97 ...None/There are no exceptions to the law ;E 98 ...Don’t know ;E People under 18 years can only be supplied with alcohol if it is given to them by their parent or legal guardian or it is given to them at a private function like a wedding. As necessary: Q45 Some people believe there should be new laws that help to control young people’s access to alcohol. In your opinion, should New Zealand laws be changed to help parents/guardians control their teenagers’ drinking? 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know ] Q47 Q46 For what reasons do you believe that? Code many. PROBE FULLY. IN FAVOUR OF LAW CHANGES 1 .....Legal purchase age too low (at 18 years) 2 .....Teens are allowed to drink too young 3 .....Need (stronger) consequences for under-age drinking 4 .....Parents need more support / control AGAINST LAW CHANGES 5 .....It’s the parent’s responsibility 6 .....Need education not laws 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...No particular reason 98 ...Don’t know Q47 Although there is currently a minimum purchasing age, there is no legal drinking age. Do you believe there should be, and if so, what age should this be? PROMPT IF NECESSARY: A minimum drinking age means that a young person under that age would not be allowed to drink any alcohol, even if supplied or supervised by a parent. 1 .....Less than 15 years 2 .....15 years 3 .....16 years 4 .....17 years 5 .....18 years 6 .....19 years 7 .....20 years or older 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...Should not be a minimum drinking age 98 ...Don’t know ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 ] Q50 ] Q50 ] Q50 19 Q48 If there were to be exceptions, would it be OK for someone younger than [age at Q47] to drink alcohol if the alcohol was given to them by their parent or legal guardian? 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know Q49 And if their parent or guardian was not around, would it still be OK for someone younger than [age at Q47] to drink alcohol if it was given to them… READ. CODE MANY. 1 .....By an older family member (e.g. aunt, uncle, kaumätua) 2 .....By an adult who was not a family member st 3 .....At a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21 birthday party) 4 .....By older brothers or sisters 5 .....At a sports club 97 ...None / no exceptions **Do not read** 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** Q50 IF CODES 97 OR 98 AT Q49 GO Q51: Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? PROBE FULLY. 1. ....Yes 2. ....No 98. ..Don’t know ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 20 SECTION 8: CLASSIFICATION DETAILS Q51 Now, I need to ask a few questions about you. How would you describe your own drinking behaviour? Would you say you are…? Read 1 .....A light drinker 2 .....A medium drinker 3 .....A heavy drinker 4 .....Non-drinker 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** ] Q57 Q52 IF CODE 4 AT Q51 GO Q57: At present, about how often do you have an alcoholic drink of any kind? Read 1 .....Almost everyday 2 .....About twice a week 3 .....About once a week 4 .....About once every two weeks 5 .....About once a month 6 .....Only a few times a year 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** Q53 Have you ever drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused Q54 IF NOT CODE 1 AT Q53 GO Q55: And have you drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion any time in the last two weeks? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused Q55 Thinking about the last occasion you drank alcohol, what did you mainly drink? IF TWO OR MORE DRINK TYPES MENTIONED, ASK: Which one of these did you drink most of? IF SPIRITS MENTIONED PROMPT: Is that light spirits, e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Moscow Light, Kentucky Gold, or full strength spirits, e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff? 1 .....Low alcohol beer 2 .....Ordinary strength beer 3 .....Extra strength beer (e.g. Elephant Beer, Duvel, Chimay) 4 .....Wine or sparkling wine 5 .....RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) 6 .....Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/ Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) 7 .....Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) 8 .....Liqueurs (e.g. Baileys) 9 .....Port or sherry 96 ...Other [SPECIFY] 98 ...Don’t know ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 21 Q56 IF 98 IN Q55 GO Q57: And on the last occasion, how many drinks of [DRINK TYPE REPORTED IN QQ55] did you have? PROMPT: A “drink” is a whole can or bottle of beer, a glass of wine, a glass or tumbler of spirits mixed or straight, an RTD bottle, etc. An approximate answer is OK. ENSURE PART-DRINKS ARE SPECIFIED, E.G. “4½”, “4.5”, ETC. ALSO CLARIFY SIZE/TYPE OF CONTAINER IF NON-STANDARD OR UNUSUAL. 1 ..... NUMBER OF DRINKS [SPECIFY] 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused Q57 Finally, I just need to ask a few questions for classification purposes. Thinking about your education, which of these best describes your highest educational qualification? Read 1 .....NCEA, School Certificate, or other secondary school qualification 2 .....Polytechnic qualification or Trade Certificate, or 3 .....Bachelors degree or higher 96 ...Other Specify 97 ...None / No qualifications **Do not read** 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** Q58 At present, are you ...? Read 1 .....Self-employed 2 .....Full time salary or wage earner 3 .....Part-time salary or wage earner (less than 30 hrs/week) 4 .....Retired 5 .....Full-time home-maker 6 .....Student 7 .....Unemployed 8 .....Other beneficiary 96 ...Other 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** ] Q60 ] ] ] ] Q60 Q60 Q60 Q60 Q59 And what is your current occupation? Probe clear answer—If retired ask for previous occupation 1 .....Clerical or sales employee 2 .....Semi-skilled worker 3 .....Technical or skilled worker 4 .....Business manager or executive 5 .....Business owner or self-employed 6 .....Teacher, nurse, police, other trained service worker 7 .....Professional or senior government official 8 .....Labourer, manual, agricultural or domestic worker 9 .....Farmer owner or manager 96 ...Other Specify 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 22 Q60 And which of these best describes your personal income before tax? Please include any child support, benefits or other income support you may receive. Read 1 .....Under $10,000 2 .....$10,000 but less than $20,000 3 .....$20,000 but less than $30,000 4 .....$30,000 but less than $40,000 5 .....$40,000 but less than $50,000 6 .....$50,000 but less than $60,000 7 .....$60,000 but less than $70,000 8 .....$70,000 but less than $80,000 9 .....$80,000 but less than $90,000 10 ...$90,000 but less than $100,000 11 ...$100,000 or more 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** Q61 And which of these categories best describes you? Read 1 .....Married/living with partner (Note to interviewer: this includes civil unions) 2 .....Separated, divorced, widowed ] Q63 3 .....Never Married ] Q63 99 ...Refused **Do not read** ] Q63 Q62 And which of these best describes the joint income of yourself and your partner before tax? Read 1 .....Under $10,000 2 .....$10,000 but less than $20,000 3 .....$20,000 but less than $30,000 4 .....$30,000 but less than $40,000 5 .....$40,000 but less than $50,000 6 .....$50,000 but less than $60,000 7 .....$60,000 but less than $70,000 8 .....$70,000 but less than $80,000 9 .....$80,000 but less than $90,000 10 ...$90,000 but less than $100,000 11 ...$100,000 or more 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** 99 ...Refused **Do not read** Q63 And lastly, in which of the following areas do you live? Read 1 .....Northland 2 .....Auckland 3 .....Waikato 4 .....Bay of Plenty 5 .....Gisborne 6 .....Hawke's Bay 7 .....Taranaki 8 .....Manawatu-Wanganui 9 .....Wellington-Wairarapa 10 ...Tasman 11 ...Nelson 12 ...Marlborough 13 ...West Coast 14 ...Canterbury 15 ...Otago 16 ...Southland 98 ...Don’t know **Do not read** ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 23 Q64 Finally, do you go to church or any other place of worship, for example a synagogue, mosque or temple, at least once a month? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No 98 ...Don’t know 99 ...Refused FUTURE RESEARCH Q64a IF LOC 1 – 3 ASK, ELSE GO Q65: We often conduct other research for ALAC related to the issues we’ve talked about in this survey. This could be telephone surveys, face-to-face interviews, focus groups or even Internet surveys. Would you be happy for us to contact you in the future to see if you’d be willing to help us with another research project? 1 .....Yes 2 .....No Q64b IF 2 AT Q64A GO Q65: Thank you. Can I just confirm your details: PACIFIC LOCATION: PLEASE ASK FOR NAME AND ADDRESS AS WELL AS PHONE NUMBER. 1 .....Details correct ;E 2 .....Corrected name (SPECIFY) 3 .....Corrected phone number (SPECIFY) 4 .....Check address (SPECIFY) 99 ...Refused Q65 Those are all the questions I have. Do you have any other comments you’d like to make about this interview? 1 .....Comments Specify 2 .....No Q66 May I please have your first name in case my supervisor needs to check on the quality of this interview? 1 .....Respondent first name Specify 99 ...Refused Thank you very much for your help. My name is [Q0IV] from Research New Zealand. If you have enquiries about this survey, please ring the Project Manager, Shane Palmer, on our toll-free number: 0800 500 168 (Wellington respondents 499-3088). Q99VER interviewer comment Are there any additional comments/issues that need to be noted? 1 .....Yes Specify 2 .....No Q99DEC Interviewer declaration I certify that this is a true and accurate record of the interview conducted by me in full accordance with the Market Research Code of Practice. 1 .....Yes 2 .....No Q99NO interviewer reason Why have you entered 'No' to the Interviewer Declaration? 1 .....Answer Specify ALAC Parents Survey 2007 – DRAFT QQ - Updated 10 March 2008 24 22 January 2008 [NAME] [ADDRESS 1] [ADDRESS 2] [ADDRESS 3] Dear [NAME] Survey of New Zealand parents Research New Zealand has been asked to conduct a nationwide telephone survey of New Zealand parents and caregivers of children aged 12 to 17 years old. The purpose of the survey is to explore some social issues that are important to parents in our society, including the types of issues that concern you as a parent or caregiver of a teenager. We have selected your name at random from the Electoral Roll, and would greatly appreciate your help with our survey. During the next few weeks an interviewer may call to ask if you or somebody else living in your household is a parent of a 12 to 17 year old and would be willing to take part in our survey. The survey requires no preparation, and will take about 15 minutes to complete. Participation in the interview is purely voluntary. Your identity and your answers to the survey questions will be kept strictly confidential, and survey findings will only be presented in grouped form. This survey is important in that it will help to decide how to develop health related programmes for the benefit of all New Zealanders, including parents and their children. Any questions? If there are no parents or caregivers of 12-17 year olds in your household, or if you don’t want to be interviewed for the survey, please call us on Freephone 0800 273 732 and quote your reference number. If you have any other queries about this survey please do not hesitate to call me between 9am and 5pm Monday to Friday, on Freephone 0800 500 168 (or 499 3088 in the Wellington region). Otherwise, one of our interviewers will be in contact with you during the next few weeks. Yours sincerely Shane Palmer Senior Researcher Ref: [IDNO] -* " *&7 % 8 " ( * 2 = > 1' "< Male 401 % 14 40 28 10 5 2 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. One Two Three Four Total Base = Total 935 % 64 31 4 1 100 Female 534 % 10 38 34 12 3 3 100 Male 401 % 69 26 4 0 100 Female 534 % 60 34 5 1 100 Parent Gender Q2. And how many of these children are aged 12 to 17? Table 2: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. One Two Three Four Five Six or more Total Base = Total 935 % 12 39 31 11 4 2 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 62 31 6 2 100 Maori 199 % 11 29 29 18 9 4 100 Pacific Island 119 % 53 30 13 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 119 % 7 23 24 20 15 12 100 Parent Ethnicity Q1. First of all, can you please tell me how many children you are the parent or guardian of? Table 1: Other ethnic groups 617 % 65 31 4 0 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 12 41 32 10 3 2 100 Maori Male 78 % 52 39 6 3 100 Maori Male 78 % 13 24 31 17 10 5 100 Maori Female 121 % 68 25 5 1 100 Maori Female 121 % 9 33 28 18 9 3 100 Pacific Female 77 % 5 34 25 14 14 9 100 Pacific Male 42 % 57 23 14 6 100 Pacific Female 77 % 50 35 12 3 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 10 10 23 26 16 15 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 71 26 4 0 100 Other Male 281 % 14 43 28 9 4 1 100 Other Female 336 % 60 35 4 0 100 Other Female 336 % 10 39 35 12 2 2 100 Male 401 % 15 17 21 21 14 11 100 Female 534 % 13 15 21 26 14 11 100 Maori 199 % 21 15 17 26 11 10 100 Pacific Island 119 % 19 17 20 20 11 13 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 13 16 21 24 15 11 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 12-14 years 15-17 years Total Base = Total 935 % 51 49 100 Male 401 % 54 46 100 Female 534 % 48 52 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 53 47 100 Pacific Island 119 % 56 44 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 50 50 100 Q3. And can you tell me the age of the oldest 12-17 year old child you have living with you? (collapsed) Table 4: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total Base = Total 935 % 14 16 21 24 14 11 100 Parent Gender Q3. And can you tell me the age of the oldest 12-17 year old child you have living with you? Table 3: Maori Male 78 % 48 52 100 Maori Male 78 % 16 16 17 31 11 10 100 Maori Female 121 % 57 43 100 Maori Female 121 % 26 15 16 22 11 10 100 Pacific Female 77 % 15 19 23 17 12 13 100 Pacific Male 42 % 53 47 100 Pacific Female 77 % 58 42 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 23 13 17 23 11 12 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 54 46 100 Other Male 281 % 15 18 22 20 15 11 100 Other Female 336 % 47 53 100 Other Female 336 % 11 15 21 27 14 11 100 Male 401 % 53 47 100 Female 534 % 51 49 100 Maori 199 % 54 46 100 Pacific Island 119 % 56 44 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 52 48 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Total Base = Total 935 % 95 5 100 Male 401 % 93 7 100 Female 534 % 96 4 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 95 5 100 Pacific Island 119 % 97 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 95 5 100 Q5. Thinking about your oldest 12-17 year old, does this teenager live with you on a full-time basis? Table 6: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Male Female Total Base = Total 935 % 52 48 100 Parent Gender Q4. And can you tell me the gender of this teenager? Table 5: Maori Male 78 % 94 6 100 Maori Male 78 % 49 51 100 Maori Female 121 % 96 4 100 Maori Female 121 % 58 42 100 Pacific Female 77 % 52 48 100 Pacific Male 42 % 93 7 100 Pacific Female 77 % 100 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 60 40 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 93 7 100 Other Male 281 % 53 47 100 Other Female 336 % 96 4 100 Other Female 336 % 51 49 100 85 2 1 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 5 0 0 86 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 5 0 0 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. Maori New Zealand European/Pakeha Samoan Cook Island Mäori / Rarotongan Tongan Niuean Other Pacific Island (Tokelauan, Fijian, etc.) Chinese Indian Korean Other Asian (Japanese, Indonesian, etc.) Other Don’t know Refused Base = Male 401 % 8 Total 935 % 8 1 4 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 87 2 Female 534 % 8 Parent Gender Q7. Which of the following ethnic groups do you fit into? Table 7: 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52 0 Maori 199 % 100 0 4 0 0 10 0 4 0 24 20 6 14 49 Pacific Island 119 % 13 Parent Ethnicity 0 5 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 93 0 Other ethnic groups 617 % 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 Maori Male 78 % 100 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57 0 Maori Female 121 % 100 0 7 0 0 10 0 1 0 22 24 6 19 51 Pacific Male 42 % 14 0 2 0 0 10 0 6 0 25 17 6 10 47 Pacific Female 77 % 12 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 5 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 92 0 Other Male 281 % 0 1 5 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 94 0 Other Female 336 % 0 Male 401 % 7 5 88 100 Female 534 % 8 5 87 100 Maori Male 78 % 100 0 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 100 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Pacific Male Female 42 77 % % 0 0 100 100 0 0 100 100 Other Male 281 % 0 0 100 100 Other Female 336 % 0 0 100 100 Total 935 % 45 55 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Male Female Total Base = Q8. Gender of parent / respondent Table 9: Maori 199 % 43 57 100 Pacific Island 119 % 45 55 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 46 54 100 Maori Male 78 % 100 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 0 100 100 Pacific Male 42 % 100 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 0 100 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 100 0 100 Other Female 336 % 0 100 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. * Ethnicity is self-identified by respondents on a multiple-response basis (i.e. respondents can identify with more than one ethnic group as relevant). However, for the purposes of analysis, ethnicity is prioritised in the order of Maori, Pacific, and other ethnic groups. Maori Pacific Island Other ethnic groups Total Base = Total 935 % 7 5 88 100 Parent Gender Q7. Which of the following ethnic groups do you fit into? (prioritised ethnicity)* Table 8: Alcohol-related issues Alcohol generally Drink-driving Alcohol related damage to teens’ physical health Alcohol related violence or aggression Other issues Drugs and drug related issues Personal safety Strong peer pressure/being forced to do things to be allowed to stay in the group e.g., drink, smoke, do drugs etc. Being with the wrong crowd / having good friends School/Education/Qualificatio ns in general Difficulties communicating with their teens Difficulties enforcing rules with their teens Dangerous driving (speed, alcohol) Self image/self confidence/self esteem/mental health Sexual relationships Becoming independent Base = 4 0 0 0 22 20 9 7 5 3 3 3 3 1 1 0 0 24 19 13 5 5 3 3 2 2 2 1 Male 401 % 6 1 Total 935 % 1 2 1 1 3 3 5 4 16 25 18 0 0 7 1 Female 534 % Parent Gender 2 2 4 0 4 4 8 2 9 20 17 0 0 8 2 Maori 199 % 2 0 3 0 4 4 11 16 9 9 12 0 0 9 0 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 2 2 0 3 3 3 4 5 13 25 19 0 0 6 1 Other ethnic groups 617 % 3 0 4 1 4 2 8 2 2 15 25 0 0 9 1 Maori Male 78 % 2 3 4 0 3 5 7 2 14 23 12 0 0 8 3 Maori Female 121 % 5 0 1 0 6 3 8 15 3 7 19 0 0 9 0 Pacific Male 42 % 0 1 5 0 2 5 14 17 14 11 5 0 0 8 0 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? (FIRST MENTIONED) Table 10: 3 1 1 4 3 3 4 7 10 23 20 1 0 4 0 Other Male 281 % continued… 2 2 0 1 3 3 4 3 16 26 19 0 0 7 1 Other Female 336 % 1 0 1 0 0 12 1 3 100 1 1 0 0 9 1 2 100 0 6 1 1 100 1 2 0 1 Female 534 % 1 13 1 0 100 1 2 0 0 Maori 199 % 0 10 0 7 100 1 1 0 2 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 0 8 1 2 100 0 1 1 1 Other ethnic groups 617 % 0 16 2 1 100 2 4 0 1 Maori Male 78 % 1 11 0 0 100 1 0 0 0 Maori Female 121 % 0 14 0 7 100 0 0 0 3 Pacific Male 42 % Male 401 % 5 95 100 Female 534 % 9 91 100 Maori 199 % 10 90 100 Pacific Island 119 % 9 91 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 7 93 100 Maori Male 78 % 9 91 100 Maori Female 121 % 11 89 100 Pacific Male 42 % 9 91 100 Pacific Female 77 % 8 92 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 4 96 100 0 11 1 3 100 0 1 1 1 Other Male 281 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. * This represents a net measure of all alcohol-related mentions combined (i.e. the proportion of parents who reported at least one alcohol-related concern). This is based on the combination of the following response options: alcohol generally; alcohol-related damage to teens’ physical health; alcohol-related sexual vulnerability; alcohol-related violence or aggression; alcohol-related damage to teens’ mental health; and drink-driving (as either a driver or passenger). Alcohol-related mention* No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 935 % 7 93 100 Parent Gender 0 7 0 6 100 3 1 0 1 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? (FIRST MENTIONED) (net measure) Table 11: Male 401 % 1 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Getting a job (full-time/parttime) Staying out too late/ breaking curfews Teen pregnancy Teen suicide The cost of an education (Uni/ polytech/ apprenticeships) Others None Don’t know Total Base = Total 935 % Parent Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? (FIRST MENTIONED) Table 10 (cont.): Other Female 336 % 9 91 100 0 6 1 1 100 1 2 1 1 Other Female 336 % Alcohol-related issues Alcohol generally Drink-driving Alcohol related damage to teens’ physical health Alcohol related sexual vulnerability Alcohol related violence or aggression Alcohol related damage to teens’ mental health Other issues Drugs and drug related issues Personal safety Strong peer pressure/being forced to do things to be allowed to stay in the group e.g., drink, smoke, do drugs etc. School/Education/Qualificatio ns in general Dangerous driving (speed, alcohol) Being with the wrong crowd / having good friends Sexual relationships Self image/self confidence/self esteem/mental health Base = 21 3 1 1 1 0 40 32 19 26 9 12 8 5 1 1 1 1 47 30 26 25 11 10 10 6 Male 401 % 27 6 Total 935 % 6 9 11 12 25 32 52 29 1 1 0 1 31 9 Female 534 % Parent Gender 7 8 14 4 31 23 41 27 1 1 2 2 27 3 Maori 199 % 5 31 1 1 38 26 26 15 0 0 0 0 22 0 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 5 10 10 12 24 26 48 31 1 1 1 1 27 7 Other ethnic groups 617 % Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? Q10. And what other concerns do parents have? (TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONS) Table 12: 6 6 19 5 31 14 31 36 2 2 1 2 22 1 Maori Male 78 % 7 10 11 4 32 30 47 19 0 0 3 3 31 5 Maori Female 121 % 8 30 1 1 44 16 22 21 0 0 0 0 19 0 Pacific Male 42 % 3 31 1 1 34 35 29 11 0 1 1 1 25 0 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 5 12 7 10 24 20 42 32 0 1 2 1 21 4 Other Male 281 % continued… 6 8 12 14 23 32 54 30 1 1 0 1 32 10 Other Female 336 % 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 1 0 24 1 3 0 5 5 5 4 3 1 1 1 1 19 1 2 0 Male 401 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. Difficulties communicating with their teens Difficulties enforcing rules with their teens Getting a job (full-time/parttime) Teen pregnancy Becoming independent Sexually transmitted diseases Staying out too late/ breaking curfews Teen suicide The cost of an education (Uni/ polytech/ apprenticeships) Others None Don't know Refused Base = Total 935 % 1 15 1 1 0 1 1 1 4 4 3 5 5 Female 534 % Parent Gender 2 23 1 0 0 2 1 1 3 3 6 5 6 Maori 199 % 1 17 0 7 0 2 0 0 4 3 5 5 5 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 0 19 1 2 0 1 1 1 5 5 2 5 5 Other ethnic groups 617 % Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? Q10. And what other concerns do parents have? (TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONS) Table 12 (cont.): 3 27 2 1 0 2 1 2 3 5 6 6 4 Maori Male 78 % 1 19 0 0 0 2 2 0 3 1 6 5 7 Maori Female 121 % 0 18 0 7 0 1 0 0 6 3 5 6 3 Pacific Male 42 % 2 17 0 6 0 3 0 0 2 3 5 5 6 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 24 1 3 0 2 1 2 5 5 1 5 5 Other Male 281 % 1 14 1 1 0 1 1 1 5 4 3 5 5 Other Female 336 % Male 401 % 24 76 100 Female 534 % 37 63 100 Maori 199 % 31 69 100 Pacific Island 119 % 22 78 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 31 69 100 Maori Male 78 % 24 76 100 Maori Female 121 % 36 64 100 Pacific Male 42 % 19 81 100 Pacific Female 77 % 25 75 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 24 76 100 Male 316 % 83 17 1 100 Female 354 % 86 12 2 100 Maori 133 % 86 12 1 100 Pacific Island 92 % 82 17 2 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 445 % 84 14 1 100 Maori Male 61 % 80 20 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who didn't mention an alcohol-related concern on a unprompted basis at Q9 or Q10. Yes No Don't know / Refused Total Base = Total 670* % 84 14 1 100 Parent Gender Maori Female 72 % 92 6 2 100 Q11. And what about alcohol? Do you think this is a concern that parents have to deal with in relation to their teenagers? Table 14: Pacific Male 35 % 79 21 0 100 Pacific Female 57 % 84 13 3 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 220 % 83 16 1 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. * This represents a net measure of all alcohol-related mentions combined from Q9 and Q10 (i.e. the proportion of parents who reported at least one alcohol-related concern in both questions). This is based on the combination of the following response options: alcohol generally; alcohol-related damage to teens’ physical health; alcohol-related sexual vulnerability; alcohol-related violence or aggression; alcohol-related damage to teens’ mental health; and drink-driving (as either a driver or passenger). Alcohol-related mention* No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 935 % 31 69 100 Parent Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? (TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONS) (net measure) Table 13: Other Female 225 % 86 13 1 100 Other Female 336 % 37 63 100 Male 401 % 86 14 100 Female 534 % 91 9 100 Maori 199 % 90 10 100 Pacific Island 119 % 86 14 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 89 11 100 Maori Male 78 % 85 15 100 Maori Female 121 % 95 5 100 Pacific Male 42 % 83 17 100 Pacific Female 77 % 88 12 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 56 42 1 1 100 58 40 1 1 100 Male 347 % 38 1 1 100 60 Female 485 % 46 1 2 100 51 Maori 181 % 48 2 0 100 50 Pacific Island 103 % Parent Ethnicity Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern at Q9, Q10, or Q11. Alcohol on its own is a problem for teenagers Alcohol is only really a problem when associated with other Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 832* % Parent Gender Q12. Which one of the following statements do you believe is most true? Table 16: 39 1 1 100 59 Other ethnic groups 548 % 54 1 0 100 46 Maori Male 66 % 41 1 3 100 55 Maori Female 115 % 44 4 0 100 52 Pacific Male 35 % 51 0 0 100 49 Pacific Female 68 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. * This represents a net measure of all parents who reported at least one alcohol-related concern either on an unprompted basis at Q9 or Q10, or when prompted at Q11. Alcohol-related mention* No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 935 % 89 11 100 Parent Gender Q9/10/11. Mention of alcohol as a concern for parents (TOTAL PROMPTED MENTIONS) Table 15: 41 1 1 100 57 Other Male 246 % Other Male 281 % 87 13 100 37 1 0 100 62 Other Female 302 % Other Female 336 % 91 9 100 Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation (physical and/or sexual violence) Binge drinking / drinking too much Easy access to alcohol Binge drinking / drinking too much Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Peer pressure Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Embarrassing themselves or their family Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Damaging their personal or family relationships Hurting themselves accidentally Impacting on their future opportunities / success Base = 29 18 14 6 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 13 13 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 Male 347 % 31 Total 832* % 1 2 0 1 3 1 4 3 6 7 11 8 9 33 Female 485 % Parent Gender 0 1 1 4 1 2 1 2 3 5 22 7 10 25 Maori 181 % 1 2 0 2 0 1 1 9 2 7 9 1 23 16 Pacific Island 103 % Parent Ethnicity 1 1 0 2 2 2 4 2 6 6 12 7 12 33 Other ethnic groups 548 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? FIRST MENTIONED Table 17: 0 0 0 4 4 3 0 2 4 0 23 4 12 25 Maori Male 66 % 0 2 2 4 0 2 2 1 2 8 21 10 9 25 Maori Female 115 % 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 4 4 4 14 0 29 15 Pacific Male 35 % 0 3 0 3 0 2 1 13 1 10 6 2 18 16 Pacific Female 68 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 1 1 2 1 2 4 2 4 4 13 6 17 30 Other Male 246 % continued… 1 1 0 1 3 1 4 2 7 7 11 8 8 35 Other Female 302 % 1 0 1 0 0 5 2 2 100 1 0 0 0 0 6 1 2 100 Male 347 % 0 7 1 2 100 0 0 1 1 Female 485 % 0 9 1 4 100 1 0 0 1 Maori 181 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern. Not being able to meet family responsibilities Death / loss of life Feeling emotionally vulnerable or depressed Impact on sports, pastimes or recreation Not being able to meet school or work commitments Other Nothing/no others Don’t know Total Base = Total 832* % Parent Gender 2 8 4 12 100 0 0 0 0 Pacific Island 103 % Parent Ethnicity 0 5 1 2 100 0 0 1 0 Other ethnic groups 548 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? FIRST MENTIONED Table 17 (cont.): 0 12 2 3 100 2 0 0 2 Maori Male 66 % 0 7 0 5 100 0 0 0 0 Maori Female 115 % 4 7 3 12 100 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 35 % 0 10 4 11 100 0 0 0 0 Pacific Female 68 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 4 2 2 100 0 1 1 0 Other Male 246 % 0 7 1 1 100 0 0 1 1 Other Female 302 % Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation (physical and/or sexual violence) Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Binge drinking / drinking too much Making bad decisions / choices / taking risks Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Easy access to alcohol Peer pressure Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Embarrassing themselves or their family Hurting themselves accidentally Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Damaging their personal or family relationships Death / loss of life Base = 41 35 14 20 12 9 8 7 8 5 6 4 4 3 33 18 18 12 11 9 9 8 5 7 4 3 3 Male 347 % 45 Total 832* % 2 3 4 7 5 9 13 10 11 13 16 21 31 48 Female 485 % Parent Gender 3 2 6 3 4 11 8 11 9 12 29 14 34 36 Maori 181 % 4 5 5 7 2 10 4 4 13 16 17 6 33 25 Pacific Island 103 % Parent Ethnicity 3 3 4 7 5 8 12 9 9 12 17 19 33 47 Other ethnic groups 548 % 3 4 5 1 9 13 6 6 11 5 31 8 35 36 Maori Male 66 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONED Table 18: 2 1 7 4 0 10 10 15 8 17 28 17 33 35 Maori Female 115 % 5 4 4 3 5 8 7 0 10 12 18 8 38 27 Pacific Male 35 % 3 6 5 10 0 12 2 7 16 18 17 4 29 24 Pacific Female 68 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 4 3 4 6 5 7 9 8 6 12 19 14 35 42 Other Male 246 % continued… 2 3 4 7 6 9 13 10 11 12 15 23 31 51 Other Female 302 % 4 2 1 1 0 13 2 2 3 2 1 1 0 13 1 2 Male 347 % 0 14 1 2 1 1 2 2 Female 485 % 2 16 1 4 0 1 0 3 Maori 181 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern. Feeling emotionally vulnerable or depressed Impacting on their future opportunities / success Not being able to meet family responsibilities Not being able to meet school or work commitments Impact on sports, pastimes or recreation Other None Don't know Base = Total 832* % Parent Gender 1 15 4 12 3 2 4 2 Pacific Island 103 % Parent Ethnicity 0 13 1 2 1 1 2 3 Other ethnic groups 548 % 2 19 2 3 1 2 0 4 Maori Male 66 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONED Table 18 (cont.): 1 14 0 5 0 0 0 2 Maori Female 115 % 1 12 3 12 7 1 5 0 Pacific Male 35 % 0 18 4 11 0 3 2 3 Pacific Female 68 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 12 2 2 1 1 2 4 Other Male 246 % 0 13 1 1 1 1 2 2 Other Female 302 % Male 401 % 36 64 0 100 Female 534 % 37 63 0 100 Maori 199 % 42 58 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 13 87 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 37 63 0 100 Maori Male 78 % 42 58 0 100 Male 186 % 33 64 3 100 Female 230 % 31 64 5 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416* % 32 64 4 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 46 50 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 52 31 17 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 30 66 4 100 Maori Male 40 % 40 60 0 100 Q17. As far as you know, has your teenager ever consumed five or more drinks of alcohol on one occasion? Table 20: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 36 64 0 100 Parent Gender Q16. To the best of your knowledge, does your/this teenager drink alcohol? Table 19: Maori Female 65 % 51 43 6 100 Maori Female 121 % 42 58 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 12 88 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 44 56 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 61 6 33 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 14 86 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 32 65 3 100 Other Male 281 % 37 63 0 100 Other Female 149 % 28 67 4 100 Other Female 336 % 38 62 0 100 Male 401 % 12 23 1 64 100 Female 534 % 11 24 2 63 100 Male 186 % 36 61 3 100 Female 230 % 33 64 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416* % 34 62 3 100 Parent Gender Q18. And do you think your teenager has ever drunk too much alcohol? Table 22: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Doesn't drink alcohol Total Base = Total 935 % 12 23 1 64 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 44 53 3 100 Maori 199 % 19 21 1 58 100 Pacific Island 24** % 45 52 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 119 % 7 4 2 87 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 33 64 3 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 11 25 1 63 100 Maori Male 40 % 45 51 4 100 Maori Male 78 % 17 25 0 58 100 Maori Female 65 % 44 54 2 100 Maori Female 121 % 21 18 2 58 100 Pacific Female 77 % 7 1 4 88 100 Pacific Male 8** % 18 82 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 72 22 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 6 8 0 86 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q17. As far as you know, has your teenager ever consumed five or more drinks of alcohol on one occasion? (rebased to total sample) Table 21: Other Male 138 % 36 61 3 100 Other Male 281 % 12 24 1 63 100 Other Female 149 % 31 65 3 100 Other Female 336 % 11 26 2 62 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Doesn't drink alcohol Total Base = Total 935 % 13 23 1 64 100 Male 401 % 13 22 1 64 100 Female 534 % 12 24 1 63 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 19 22 1 58 100 Pacific Island 119 % 6 7 0 87 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 12 24 1 63 100 Q18. And do you think your teenager has ever drunk too much alcohol? (rebased to total sample) Table 23: Maori Male 78 % 19 21 2 58 100 Maori Female 121 % 18 23 1 58 100 Pacific Male 42 % 2 12 0 86 100 Pacific Female 77 % 8 3 1 88 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 13 22 1 63 100 Other Female 336 % 12 25 1 62 100 3 4 2 2 2 1 5 3 0 4 3 2 2 1 0 4 4 0 1 2 1 0 4 4 0 3 5 Female 230 % 59 42 26 6 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. From me From other parent/caregiver From his/her friends From a brother or sister From a friends parents/siblings From Extended family (e.g. aunts / uncles / cousins) From another adult the teen knows Teen steals it/sneaks it Teen buys it him/herself From a stranger Other Don't know Refused Base = Male 186 % 69 33 22 4 Total 416* % 64 38 24 5 Parent Gender 2 2 3 2 7 1 0 6 8 Maori 105 % 55 35 23 7 4 0 3 0 15 6 0 19 13 Pacific Island 24** % 33 29 34 3 Parent Ethnicity 2 2 1 0 4 4 0 3 4 Other ethnic groups 287 % 65 39 24 5 Q19. To the best of your knowledge, how does your teenager currently obtain the alcohol they drink? Table 24: 4 2 2 4 9 0 0 4 14 Maori Male 40 % 64 26 32 5 0 3 5 1 6 1 0 7 3 Maori Female 65 % 49 42 16 9 9 0 0 0 24 0 0 32 9 Pacific Male 8** % 44 41 18 0 0 0 6 0 6 11 0 6 17 Pacific Female 16** % 22 17 50 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 2 2 2 0 4 4 0 3 2 Other Male 138 % 70 34 21 4 1 2 0 0 3 4 0 3 5 Other Female 149 % 61 43 27 6 # Male 186 % 76 24 100 Female 230 % 74 26 100 Maori 105 % 67 33 100 Pacific Island 24** % 45 55 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 76 24 100 Maori Male 40 % 68 32 100 Maori Female 65 % 66 34 100 Pacific Male 8** % 68 32 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 78 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. # Represents a net measure of the proportion of respondents who reported that either they personally and/or their child’s other parent/caregiver supplies their child with alcohol. Supplied by parents Not supplied by parents Total Base = Total 416* % 75 25 100 Parent Gender Q19. To the best of your knowledge, how does your teenager currently obtain the alcohol they drink? (net supply by parents) Table 25: Other Male 138 % 77 23 100 Other Female 149 % 76 24 100 26 33 24 14 13 4 5 1 10 0 0 36 26 19 14 11 6 4 2 11 0 0 Male 113 % 3 2 12 1 0 8 9 14 14 18 46 Female 122 % 3 1 14 0 0 9 11 5 23 16 41 Maori 53 % 0 0 13 0 0 13 13 0 13 38 22 Pacific Island 7** % Parent Ethnicity Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, supplied by the parent. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. For special occasions / family events To limit/control how much alcohol they drink To help educate them (to drink safely) To limit/control the types of alcohol (alcohol content) they drink I think they’re responsible enough to drink I think they’re old enough to drink So they don’t need to get alcohol from others (e.g. friends) Their friends drink alcohol Other Don’t know Refused Base = Total 235* % Parent Gender Q20. For what reason(s) do you provide alcohol for your teenager? Table 26: 4 2 11 0 0 6 11 15 19 26 36 Other ethnic groups 175 % 2 0 22 0 0 6 9 0 13 23 45 Maori Male 23** % 4 2 6 0 0 12 13 10 33 10 37 Maori Female 30 % 0 0 20 0 0 20 20 0 20 20 20 Pacific Male 5** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 25 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 5 1 9 0 0 3 14 16 26 34 24 Other Male 85 % 2 2 13 1 0 8 9 14 12 19 47 Other Female 90 % Male 186 % 25 74 0 100 Female 230 % 18 82 0 100 Maori 105 % 21 79 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 15 85 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 21 78 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 15 85 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 25 75 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 9 91 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 78 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 27 73 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Doesn't drink alcohol Total Base = Total 935 % 8 29 0 64 100 Male 401 % 9 27 0 64 100 Female 534 % 7 30 0 63 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 9 33 0 58 100 Pacific Island 119 % 2 11 0 87 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 8 29 0 63 100 Maori Male 78 % 6 36 0 58 100 Maori Female 121 % 11 31 0 58 100 Pacific Male 42 % 1 13 0 86 100 Pacific Female 77 % 3 9 0 88 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 10 27 0 63 100 Q21. And within the last six months have you ever given your teenager alcohol to take to a party or social occasion that you did not attend? (rebased to total sample) Table 28: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416* % 21 79 0 100 Parent Gender Q21. And within the last six months have you ever given your teenager alcohol to take to a party or social occasion that you did not attend? Table 27: Other Female 336 % 7 31 0 62 100 Other Female 149 % 17 83 0 100 61 28 5 5 0 0 100 53 37 5 3 1 1 100 Male 52 % 2 100 5 0 1 44 47 Female 54 % 0 100 0 0 8 61 31 Maori 27** % 0 100 0 0 0 18 82 Pacific Island 3** % Parent Ethnicity 1 100 6 3 0 53 37 Other ethnic groups 76 % 0 100 0 0 0 90 10 Maori Male 8** % 0 100 0 0 11 48 41 Maori Female 19** % 0 100 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 100 0 0 0 25 75 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 100 5 6 0 60 29 Other Male 43 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) Ordinary strength beer Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) Wine or sparkling wine Low alcohol beer Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) Total Base = Total 106* % Parent Gender Q22. The last time you did this, what type of alcohol did you mainly give them? Table 29: 3 100 6 0 0 44 47 Other Female 33 % Male 52 % 40 25 33 2 0 100 Female 54 % 27 37 26 6 4 100 Maori 27** % 27 24 38 11 0 100 Pacific Island 3** % 18 0 28 0 54 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 76 % 35 31 29 3 1 100 Maori Male 8** % 38 21 31 10 0 100 Maori Female 19** % 22 26 41 11 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 0 100 0 0 100 Pacific Female 2** % 25 0 0 0 75 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 43 % 41 25 32 2 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 4 4 to 5 6 to 10 More than 10 Don't know Total Base = Total 106* % 34 30 30 4 2 100 Parent Gender Q23. And on that occasion, about how many drinks or servings of [the main drink type provided] did you give them? (UNCALIBRATED) Table 30: Other Female 33 % 28 39 25 5 3 100 69 17 11 2 0 2 0 73 19 8 1 0 1 0 Male 52 % 5 0 0 0 0 20 78 Female 54 % 3 0 0 0 0 52 50 Maori 27** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Island 3** % Parent Ethnicity 9 1 0 1 0 16 75 Other ethnic groups 76 % 10 0 0 0 0 62 38 Maori Male 8** % 0 0 0 0 0 48 56 Maori Female 19** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 11 2 0 2 0 15 71 Other Male 43 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Party with friends / schoolmates Family function (wedding / birthday party, etc) School function / Ball or afterBall Sports function Other Don’t know Refused Base = Total 106* % Parent Gender Q24. And what type(s) of party or social occasion was your teenager going to on that last occasion? Table 31: 5 0 0 0 0 17 80 Other Female 33 % 98 0 100 97 0 100 97 0 100 Female 230 % 1 1 1 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 68 23 2 7 0 0 100 Male 401 % 68 22 1 8 0 0 100 Female 534 % 69 23 2 6 0 0 100 Parent Gender Q26a. It is OK for my teenager to get drunk sometimes Table 33: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. $10-20 $21-30 More than $30 None/have not given money for alcohol Don't know Total Base = Male 186 % 2 0 0 Total 416* % 2 0 1 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 62 27 3 7 0 0 100 99 1 100 Maori 105 % 0 0 0 Pacific Island 119 % 74 19 0 4 2 1 100 Parent Ethnicity 91 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 9 0 0 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 68 23 2 7 0 0 100 97 0 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 1 1 Maori Male 78 % 66 22 2 9 1 0 100 98 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 0 0 Maori Female 121 % 60 31 3 6 0 1 100 99 1 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 0 100 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 0 Pacific Male 42 % 74 18 0 5 3 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 74 20 0 4 1 2 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 82 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 18 0 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q25. In the past 6 months, have you given your teenager any money specifically to buy alcohol to take to an event which you did not attend? Table 32: Other Male 281 % 68 22 1 9 0 0 100 98 0 100 Other Male 138 % 2 0 0 Other Female 336 % 69 23 2 6 0 0 100 97 0 100 Other Female 149 % 1 1 1 Male 401 % 52 32 1 11 2 1 100 Female 534 % 62 25 2 9 1 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 12 47 4 15 21 1 100 Male 401 % 16 47 2 16 17 2 100 Female 534 % 8 47 6 13 24 1 100 Parent Gender Q26c. Teenagers (under 18 years old) should not drink at all Table 35: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 57 28 2 10 2 1 100 Parent Gender Q26b. Getting drunk is part of having fun as a teenager Table 34: Maori 199 % 12 41 6 16 24 0 100 Maori 199 % 52 27 1 15 3 2 100 Pacific Island 119 % 11 22 3 7 54 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 119 % 71 16 0 8 3 1 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 12 49 4 15 19 1 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 57 29 2 10 2 1 100 Maori Male 78 % 14 49 3 17 16 0 100 Maori Male 78 % 57 21 0 14 5 3 100 Maori Female 121 % 11 35 9 15 30 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 48 31 2 17 2 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 77 12 1 5 3 3 100 Pacific Male 42 % 11 27 3 8 46 3 100 Pacific Female 77 % 12 17 2 5 61 4 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 64 21 0 12 3 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 17 48 1 16 16 2 100 Other Male 281 % 52 33 1 11 2 1 100 Other Female 336 % 8 50 6 14 21 1 100 Other Female 336 % 62 25 3 9 1 0 100 Male 401 % 2 5 2 29 60 1 100 Female 534 % 3 7 1 25 63 1 100 Maori 199 % 4 5 0 26 64 1 100 Pacific Island 119 % 18 15 3 17 44 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 2 6 2 28 62 1 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 8 12 3 34 40 3 100 Male 401 % 10 11 3 30 42 5 100 Female 534 % 6 13 4 37 38 2 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 16 9 1 33 37 4 100 Pacific Island 119 % 34 23 2 12 23 7 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 6 11 4 35 41 3 100 Q26e. I teach my teenager to drink responsibly by introducing alcohol in a controlled home environment Table 37: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 3 6 1 27 62 1 100 Parent Gender Q26d. I set a good example for my teenager through my own drinking behaviour Table 36: Maori Male 78 % 10 8 2 33 40 7 100 Maori Male 78 % 5 5 0 28 60 1 100 Maori Female 121 % 21 9 0 32 35 2 100 Maori Female 121 % 3 5 0 24 66 1 100 Pacific Female 77 % 21 13 0 13 51 2 100 Pacific Male 42 % 33 25 3 8 24 7 100 Pacific Female 77 % 35 21 0 14 23 7 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 15 18 6 22 36 3 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 9 10 3 31 43 4 100 Other Male 281 % 1 4 2 30 62 1 100 Other Female 336 % 4 12 4 39 39 2 100 Other Female 336 % 2 7 1 26 63 1 100 Male 401 % 12 16 4 49 17 1 100 Female 534 % 11 12 5 57 14 1 100 Maori 199 % 14 14 6 54 12 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 42 22 0 26 5 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 97 2 1 100 Male 401 % 96 3 1 100 Female 534 % 98 2 1 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 98 1 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 89 11 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Q27. Do you believe teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking? Table 39: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 11 14 5 53 15 1 100 Parent Gender Other ethnic groups 617 % 97 2 1 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 9 13 5 55 16 1 100 Q26f. It’s OK for teenagers to drink on special occasions (e.g. Christmas, family BBQs, weddings) Table 38: Maori Male 78 % 96 3 1 100 Maori Male 78 % 9 10 4 62 15 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 100 0 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 18 16 7 48 11 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 48 15 1 25 5 6 100 Pacific Male 42 % 89 11 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 88 12 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 36 32 0 27 6 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 96 3 1 100 Other Male 281 % 11 16 4 50 18 1 100 Other Female 336 % 98 1 1 100 Other Female 336 % 8 11 6 59 15 1 100 7 8 6 5 6 4 3 12 0 0 10 7 7 6 5 5 4 13 0 0 6 8 7 4 7 5 14 0 0 13 Female 518 % 93 45 40 13 14 6 9 7 5 4 4 13 0 0 11 Maori 196 % 90 56 32 22 16 11 9 6 0 3 23 18 0 2 6 Pacific Island 107 % 93 48 17 15 11 Parent Ethnicity 7 7 6 5 6 3 13 0 0 11 Other ethnic groups 601 % 94 40 39 13 11 10 10 9 9 4 3 15 0 1 7 Maori Male 75 % 91 64 32 24 13 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking. Myself / Parents / Guardians Whanau/extended family Teachers/schools Friends Any adult / all adults Other community organisation Other Government organisation Parents of friends Police The media The teen themselves Church Other Nobody Don’t know Base = Male 386 % 95 38 34 15 8 Total 904* % 94 42 37 14 11 Parent Gender Q28. Who are all the people you believe should play a role in this regard? UNPROMPTED Table 40: 2 8 5 3 4 5 12 0 0 15 Maori Female 121 % 90 51 31 20 18 13 8 1 0 0 18 18 0 1 1 Pacific Male 38 % 95 47 15 9 11 9 10 10 0 6 26 19 0 2 9 Pacific Female 69 % 91 48 19 20 11 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 8 6 4 6 4 2 11 0 0 8 Other Male 273 % 95 36 35 14 7 6 8 7 4 7 4 14 0 0 13 Other Female 328 % 93 44 41 12 14 Talking to them about alcohol and their drinking Helping them learn how to handle alcohol responsibly in social settings Making sure I drink responsibly when with my teen/children Setting boundaries about where / how long they go out / who with Being a role model / setting a good example Supervising them when they drink alcohol Limiting how much they drink Making sure they are safe around alcohol Making sure they don’t drink alcohol Making sure I don’t drink when with my teen/children Making sure I don’t get drunk when with my teen/children Limiting the types of alcohol they drink Talking with other parents/adults who will be present Base = 50 28 24 12 15 10 7 6 5 5 6 2 1 28 23 14 13 10 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 Male 386 % 55 Total 904* % 2 2 2 3 8 6 11 9 12 15 22 28 59 Female 518 % Parent Gender 0 1 2 4 8 7 12 8 23 12 10 29 58 Maori 196 % 0 1 0 5 10 1 7 5 17 9 10 25 60 Pacific Island 107 % Parent Ethnicity 2 2 4 4 6 6 10 8 12 14 24 28 54 Other ethnic groups 601 % 0 1 2 4 4 6 12 10 28 9 13 34 55 Maori Male 75 % 1 2 2 4 11 8 12 7 19 13 7 25 60 Maori Female 121 % Q29. What role do you believe you have in helping your teen to make responsible decisions about drinking? UNPROMPTED Table 41: 0 0 0 4 1 0 10 4 21 5 18 26 48 Pacific Male 38 % 1 2 0 6 18 2 5 5 14 12 3 25 70 Pacific Female 69 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 2 6 5 5 6 10 7 14 12 25 27 50 Other Male 273 % continued… 2 2 3 3 7 6 11 10 11 16 24 29 58 Other Female 328 % 1 1 1 1 1 1 Female 518 % 7 0 2 Maori 196 % 9 0 9 Pacific Island 107 % 11 Parent Ethnicity 1 1 Other ethnic groups 601 % 8 0 1 Maori Male 75 % 10 19 1 0 1 100 20 1 0 0 100 1 0 0 100 22 Female 512 % 77 1 0 0 100 23 Maori 194 % 76 5 1 0 100 28 Pacific Island 106 % 66 Parent Ethnicity 1 0 0 100 20 Other ethnic groups 597 % 79 2 0 0 100 26 Maori Male 75 % 72 0 0 0 100 21 Maori Female 119 % 78 1 3 Maori Female 121 % 8 1 6 Pacific Female 69 % 9 4 1 0 100 40 Pacific Male 38 % 55 6 0 0 100 18 Pacific Female 68 % 76 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 13 Pacific Male 38 % 13 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 0 1 100 17 Other Male 272 % 81 1 1 Other Male 273 % 8 1 0 0 100 22 Other Female 325 % 77 1 1 Other Female 328 % 7 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking, but don't believe they are responsible for helping their teenager. I am most responsible I am equally responsible, and other people are responsible too I have some responsibility, but someone else has more responsibility It's not my responsibility Don't know Total Base = Male 385 % 79 Total 897* % 78 Parent Gender Q30. How would you describe the importance of your role, compared to the role played by other people? Table 42: Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking. Other None / Don’t believe I have a role Don’t know Base = Male 386 % 9 Total 904* % 8 Parent Gender Q29. What role do you believe you have in helping your teen to make responsible decisions about drinking? UNPROMPTED Table 41 (cont.): Being in places where drugs are also available Drinking without adult supervision Not telling me where they are going or who with Drinking more than I think is good for them Not coming home at the time I’ve told them Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Going to large parties Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Embarrassing themselves or their family Not being able to meet family responsibilities Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation Hurting themselves accidentally Not being able to meet school or work commitments Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Base = 10 11 13 10 10 9 9 8 6 6 4 5 4 5 11 11 10 10 9 9 7 7 6 5 5 5 4 Male 401 % 13 Total 935 % 4 5 5 6 6 8 6 8 10 10 10 9 12 15 Female 534 % Parent Gender 6 11 8 11 9 11 13 13 13 19 14 20 17 18 Maori 199 % 7 17 10 9 16 14 11 12 15 20 9 22 10 13 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 8 9 8 10 10 11 13 Other ethnic groups 617 % 10 11 5 10 11 11 17 18 12 22 12 25 22 17 Maori Male 78 % 4 11 9 12 7 11 10 10 13 18 16 16 14 18 Maori Female 121 % 5 16 7 9 13 6 8 9 13 17 6 22 7 7 Pacific Male 42 % 10 18 12 9 19 21 14 15 16 22 11 22 13 17 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q33. Which of the following is an issue you have recently or are currently having to deal with relating to your teenager and alcohol? Table 43: 4 3 5 3 5 5 7 9 8 9 10 11 11 10 Other Male 281 % continued… 4 4 4 5 6 7 6 8 9 8 10 8 11 15 Other Female 336 % 4 3 4 100 3 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Mentioned an issue Didn't mention an issue Total Base = Total 935 % 34 66 100 Male 401 % 32 68 100 Female 534 % 35 65 100 Parent Gender 3 100 3 4 Female 534 % Q33. Net proportion of parents identifying at least one issue. Table 44: Male 401 % 4 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Not being able to meet sporting or cultural commitments Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Total Base = Total 935 % Parent Gender Maori 199 % 44 56 100 4 100 7 9 Maori 199 % Pacific Island 119 % 45 55 100 Parent Ethnicity 9 100 12 11 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 32 68 100 3 100 3 3 Other ethnic groups 617 % Maori Male 78 % 44 56 100 3 100 8 11 Maori Male 78 % Maori Female 121 % 45 55 100 4 100 6 7 Maori Female 121 % 12 100 14 15 Pacific Female 77 % Pacific Male 42 % 41 59 100 Pacific Female 77 % 48 52 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 6 100 10 6 Pacific Male 42 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q33. Which of the following is an issue you have recently or are currently having to deal with relating to your teenager and alcohol? Table 43 (cont.): Other Male 281 % 31 69 100 4 100 3 3 Other Male 281 % Other Female 336 % 34 66 100 3 100 2 3 Other Female 336 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. None 1 2 to 3 4 and over Total Base = Total 935 % 66 14 9 10 100 Q33. Number of issues identified by parents Table 45: Male 401 % 68 13 10 10 100 Female 534 % 65 16 9 10 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 56 14 12 19 100 Pacific Island 119 % 55 12 17 17 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 68 15 9 9 100 Maori Male 78 % 56 12 12 20 100 Maori Female 121 % 55 15 11 18 100 Pacific Male 42 % 59 12 22 7 100 Pacific Female 77 % 52 11 12 25 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 69 13 9 9 100 Other Female 336 % 66 16 9 9 100 When my teenager goes out, I know where he/she is going and who with I make sure my teen knows I will pick them up any time if they need me My teenager and I agree on arrangements about transportation to and from an event before they go out I talk to my teenager about the kind of things that can go wrong in situations where alcohol is present I pick my teen up from evening social functions which he/she has attended I set clear rules for my teenager about alcohol use I make sure I always have telephone contact with my child when they are out and alcohol is present I ensure that my teenager has adult supervision in situations where alcohol is present My teenager has to let me know when he or she is safely home at night Base = 92 92 90 83 81 74 73 71 71 92 88 86 79 76 73 72 71 Male 401 % 93 Total 935 % 72 72 74 77 77 88 87 92 94 Female 534 % Parent Gender 72 73 76 77 81 90 84 92 90 Maori 199 % 73 66 67 75 61 81 72 84 86 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 71 72 74 75 79 86 90 93 94 Other ethnic groups 617 % 67 75 83 75 78 95 88 92 88 Maori Male 78 % 75 72 70 78 84 87 82 92 91 Maori Female 121 % 73 68 63 76 59 74 71 84 88 Pacific Male 42 % 72 65 70 75 63 86 73 84 85 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 71 71 73 74 82 82 91 93 93 Other Male 281 % Q34 I’m now going to read out some statements about the steps that some parents take in regard to their teenager and alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether or not this is something you have done in the last three months? Table 46: continued… 71 72 74 77 77 89 88 92 95 Other Female 336 % 64 71 64 62 56 46 36 100 68 63 60 58 47 36 100 Male 401 % 69 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. I have discussions with my teenager about alcohol related issues, especially before/after events I talk to the parents of my teenager’s friends about events or parties they are going to I set a curfew before my teenager goes out at night Before my teenager attends a party, I contact the parents or other adults hosting that party I punish or ground my child in some way if they break their rules or curfew I make it a rule that my teen mustn’t drink alcohol when they go out Before my teenager attends an event where alcohol will be present, I set a limit on how much my teenager can drink Total Base = Total 935 % 36 100 48 60 58 61 66 74 Female 534 % Parent Gender 38 100 55 71 65 66 68 75 Maori 199 % 34 100 56 64 54 65 59 70 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 36 100 46 57 60 62 68 69 Other ethnic groups 617 % 40 100 50 76 72 72 72 78 Maori Male 78 % 36 100 58 67 60 61 65 73 Maori Female 121 % 40 100 51 64 49 68 54 67 Pacific Male 42 % 30 100 61 65 59 63 64 72 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 35 100 45 54 62 63 72 62 Other Male 281 % Q34 I’m now going to read out some statements about the steps that some parents take in regard to their teenager and alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether or not this is something you have done in the last three months? Table 46 (cont.): 37 100 46 59 58 61 66 74 Other Female 336 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 5 or less 6 to 10 11 to 13 14 and over Total Base = Total 935 % 10 25 30 35 100 Q34. Number of strategies identified by parents Table 48: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Mentioned a strategy Didn't mention a strategy Total Base = Total 935 % 99 1 100 Female 534 % 99 1 100 Male 401 % 9 25 32 34 100 Female 534 % 10 25 28 37 100 Parent Gender Male 401 % 99 1 100 Parent Gender Q34. Net proportion of parents identifying at least one strategy Table 47: Maori 199 % 11 19 29 41 100 Maori 199 % 100 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 18 21 23 38 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 119 % 97 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 9 26 30 35 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 99 1 100 Maori Male 78 % 9 14 37 41 100 Maori Male 78 % 100 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 12 23 23 41 100 Maori Female 121 % 100 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 99 1 100 Pacific Male 42 % 20 23 19 38 100 Pacific Female 77 % 16 19 27 37 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 95 5 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 9 26 32 33 100 Other Male 281 % 99 1 100 Other Female 336 % 9 25 29 36 100 Other Female 336 % 99 1 100 14 10 8 6 3 100 13 8 7 4 100 Male 401 % 16 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. It’s hard to set rules because my teenager’s friends have parents who are more lenient I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but their other parent lets them break those rules I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but he/she breaks them It’s difficult to find information that might help me deal with my teenager and alcohol related issues I have difficulty approaching my teenager to talk to them about alcohol related issues Total Base = Total 935 % 5 100 8 9 16 19 Female 534 % Parent Gender 4 100 10 16 21 24 Maori 199 % 13 100 17 11 19 21 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 3 100 7 8 12 16 Other ethnic groups 617 % 6 100 14 21 18 30 Maori Male 78 % 2 100 7 13 24 20 Maori Female 121 % 8 100 12 7 16 24 Pacific Male 42 % 17 100 21 14 22 19 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 2 100 5 7 9 12 Other Male 281 % Q35 I’m now going to read out some statements about problems that some parents have encountered when dealing with their teenager in relation to alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether you or not you experience each problem with your own teen? Table 49: 4 100 8 8 15 18 Other Female 336 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. None 1 2 and over Total Base = Total 935 % 72 16 12 100 Q35. Number of barriers identified by parents Table 51: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Mentioned a barrier Didn't mention a barrier Total Base = Total 935 % 28 72 100 Female 534 % 29 71 100 Male 401 % 75 17 8 100 Female 534 % 71 15 14 100 Parent Gender Male 401 % 25 75 100 Parent Gender Q35. Net proportion of parents facing at least one barrier Table 50: Maori 199 % 62 20 18 100 Maori 199 % 38 62 100 Pacific Island 119 % 61 19 20 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 119 % 39 61 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 74 15 11 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 26 74 100 Maori Male 78 % 62 15 22 100 Maori Male 78 % 38 62 100 Maori Female 121 % 62 23 15 100 Maori Female 121 % 38 62 100 Pacific Female 77 % 40 60 100 Pacific Male 42 % 62 22 15 100 Pacific Female 77 % 60 15 25 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 42 % 38 62 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 76 17 7 100 Other Male 281 % 24 76 100 Other Female 336 % 72 14 14 100 Other Female 336 % 28 72 100 The school Doctors / medical professionals / community health providers AA The Police Counsellors (school or general mention) Citizens Advice Bureau Friends My husband/wife/partner/ child’s other parent The church ALAC (general mention) Extended family The Alcohol Helpline Youthline / Parentline / other helplines Personal Help Services (a section in the front of phone books) Internet resources Other parents ALAC web page Dare Books Relationship Services The marae Base = Male 401 % 19 17 17 13 9 8 8 11 10 11 9 7 6 5 4 4 3 1 1 2 1 Total 935 % 27 22 17 14 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 7 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 7 7 8 5 8 7 10 10 10 27 16 14 Female 534 % 33 Parent Gender 5 3 8 4 2 1 3 4 8 11 4 11 12 7 18 10 9 26 17 13 Maori 199 % 20 1 3 5 5 0 0 2 0 15 16 28 6 22 6 11 10 4 11 11 17 Pacific Island 119 % 6 Parent Ethnicity 6 5 3 3 2 1 1 0 6 8 8 8 7 7 9 9 10 23 17 13 Other ethnic groups 617 % 28 4 2 9 3 1 0 2 4 8 18 3 12 16 3 21 5 12 27 14 11 Maori Male 78 % 18 5 4 7 4 2 2 3 3 8 6 5 9 10 9 16 14 7 26 20 15 Maori Female 121 % 22 1 3 3 3 0 0 3 0 15 10 33 3 15 3 5 8 1 7 14 17 Pacific Male 42 % 2 1 3 7 6 1 0 0 0 15 21 25 8 27 8 16 11 6 14 10 17 Pacific Female 77 % 10 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q36. What people, organisations or resources do you know of that you could go to if you wanted to talk to someone about these issues? UNPROMPTED Table 52: 5 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 6 10 10 11 8 7 8 9 8 16 18 13 Other Male 281 % 20 continued… 7 6 3 3 2 2 1 0 6 6 7 5 7 7 10 10 11 28 16 14 Other Female 336 % 35 1 0 0 15 5 14 0 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. None One Two Three Four or more Total Base = Total 935 % 19 24 23 19 15 100 Q36 Number of resources identified by parents Table 53: 2 0 0 16 3 14 0 Female 534 % Male 401 % 22 24 23 19 12 100 Female 534 % 17 25 23 18 17 100 Parent Gender 0 0 0 14 8 14 0 Male 401 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. Toughlove Parent Support Groups Barnardos Stopping Violence Others None Don’t know Refused Base = Total 935 % Parent Gender Maori 199 % 16 22 27 14 21 100 0 0 0 20 6 10 0 Maori 199 % Pacific Island 119 % 20 24 23 19 14 100 Parent Ethnicity 0 0 0 15 5 14 0 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 20 25 22 19 15 100 1 0 0 15 5 15 0 Other ethnic groups 617 % Maori Male 78 % 19 22 27 15 17 100 0 0 0 14 12 6 0 Maori Male 78 % Maori Female 121 % 14 23 27 13 23 100 1 0 0 24 2 12 0 Maori Female 121 % 0 0 0 23 1 6 0 Pacific Female 77 % Pacific Male 42 % 35 19 22 13 11 100 Pacific Female 77 % 7 28 24 25 17 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 0 5 11 24 0 Pacific Male 42 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q36. What people, organisations or resources do you know of that you could go to if you wanted to talk to someone about these issues? UNPROMPTED Table 52 (cont.): Other Male 281 % 22 24 22 20 12 100 0 0 0 15 8 14 0 Other Male 281 % Other Female 336 % 18 25 22 18 17 100 2 0 0 15 3 15 0 Other Female 336 % Extended family Friends My husband/wife/partner/ child’s other parent Doctors / medical professionals / community health providers The church The Police The school Counsellors (school or general mention) Internet resources Other parents AA ALAC (general mention) ALAC web page Barnardos Books Citizens Advice Bureau Dare Personal Help Services (a section in the front of phone books) Relationship Services Stopping Violence The Alcohol Helpline Base = Male 312 % 3 2 4 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Total 756* % 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 3 3 Female 444 % 4 4 Parent Gender 1 0 0 0 4 3 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 7 2 4 8 5 Maori 169 % 5 5 2 0 0 0 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 7 15 9 4 3 Pacific Island 95 % 8 4 Parent Ethnicity 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 Other ethnic groups 492 % 3 3 2 0 0 0 4 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 6 7 Maori Male 64 % 6 7 0 0 0 0 4 3 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 10 3 6 10 4 Maori Female 105 % 5 4 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 7 20 7 0 7 Pacific Male 29** % 13 7 0 0 0 0 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 10 7 1 Pacific Female 66 % 6 2 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 1 3 Other Male 219 % 2 2 Q37. Which people, organisations or resources have you actually accessed, used or talked to about your teenager and alcohol-related issues? UNPROMPTED Table 54: continued… 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 2 Other Female 273 % 4 5 0 0 4 82 1 1 0 0 4 81 1 0 1 4 80 2 0 0 Female 444 % 0 0 8 64 0 0 0 Maori 169 % 1 1 9 61 0 0 0 Pacific Island 95 % 0 Parent Ethnicity 0 3 83 2 0 0 Other ethnic groups 492 % 0 0 7 63 0 0 0 Maori Male 64 % 0 0 9 64 0 0 0 Maori Female 105 % 2 0 14 55 0 0 0 Pacific Male 29** % 0 2 6 65 0 0 0 Pacific Female 66 % 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. The marae Toughlove Parent Support Groups Youthline / Parentline / other helplines Others None Don’t know Refused Base = Male 312 % 0 Total 756* % 0 Parent Gender 0 3 85 1 1 0 Other Male 219 % 0 Q37. Which people, organisations or resources have you actually accessed, used or talked to about your teenager and alcohol-related issues? UNPROMPTED Table 54 (cont.): 1 3 82 2 0 0 Other Female 273 % 0 19 5 100 20 6 100 21 6 100 Female 444 % 28 28 9 8 12 3 100 Maori 169 % 40 32 6 7 9 3 100 Pacific Island 95 % 40 23 10 15 Parent Ethnicity 22 6 100 Other ethnic groups 492 % 23 32 10 7 12 2 100 Maori Male 64 % 39 34 6 7 13 4 100 Maori Female 105 % 41 30 5 7 2 0 100 Pacific Male 29** % 47 26 7 18 13 4 100 Pacific Female 66 % 36 22 12 13 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. A lot A reasonable amount Not much / not enough None at all Don't need any information or resources at the moment Don't know Total Base = Male 312 % 21 37 11 6 Total 756* % 25 32 10 7 Parent Gender Q38. How much information and support do you feel you have to help you deal with your teenager and alcohol? Table 55: 21 5 100 Other Male 219 % 19 38 12 6 23 7 100 Other Female 273 % 26 28 9 7 17 9 12 2 12 8 43 16 10 9 4 16 6 42 Male 164 % 6 7 19 4 41 11 16 Female 210 % 16 4 18 3 38 7 15 Maori 79 % 7 0 25 0 42 15 14 Pacific Island 48 % Parent Ethnicity 9 5 15 6 42 10 16 Other ethnic groups 247 % 17 0 17 2 52 5 8 Maori Male 31 % 16 6 18 4 27 10 20 Maori Female 48 % 10 0 25 0 48 7 10 Pacific Male 15** % 4 0 25 0 39 19 16 Pacific Female 33 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 12 2 11 9 43 9 17 Other Male 118 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues, and felt they could do with more information. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. More education / information in schools Brochures / parenting tips / info for parents More use of media / advertising More internet resources Other None Don’t know Base = Total 374* % Parent Gender Q39. What other information or resources would be helpful? Table 56: 6 7 19 4 42 11 15 Other Female 129 % 52 39 24 18 14 5 11 52 43 19 14 14 5 9 Male 401 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. Minimum purchase age (of 18 years) Minimum drinking age Drink driving laws Laws about drinking in public places Laws about who can supply alcohol to minors Other Don't know Base = Total 935 % 15 5 8 11 51 47 15 Female 534 % Parent Gender 13 3 8 18 46 51 18 Maori 199 % Q40. As far as you know, what law or laws relate to teenagers and alcohol? Table 57: 8 10 29 10 35 35 11 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 15 5 8 14 53 43 20 Other ethnic groups 617 % 14 5 5 17 51 57 20 Maori Male 78 % 12 2 11 18 43 46 16 Maori Female 121 % 1 8 27 8 35 43 18 Pacific Male 42 % 14 12 31 12 35 28 6 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 14 5 10 19 53 37 25 Other Male 281 % 15 5 7 11 53 49 15 Other Female 336 % Male 146 % 2 0 11 0 71 0 2 4 3 7 100 Female 201 % 0 0 2 3 79 0 6 0 2 7 100 Maori 86 % 0 1 8 0 83 0 1 0 2 5 100 Pacific Island 35 % 0 0 9 5 72 0 7 0 0 7 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 226 % 1 0 6 2 75 0 4 2 2 7 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified the minimum drinking age as relating to teenagers and alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Younger than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Can drink at any age Don't know Total Base = Total 347* % 1 0 6 2 76 0 4 2 2 7 100 Parent Gender Maori Male 39 % 0 0 11 0 83 0 1 0 4 0 100 Maori Female 47 % 0 3 5 0 82 0 0 0 0 10 100 Q41. As far as you know, what is the minimum age that a person can legally drink alcohol in New Zealand at the moment? Table 58: Pacific Male 15** % 0 0 18 9 61 0 0 0 0 12 100 Pacific Female 20** % 0 0 0 0 84 0 14 0 0 2 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 92 % 2 1 11 0 70 0 2 5 3 7 100 Other Female 134 % 0 0 2 3 79 0 6 0 2 7 100 66 100 63 100 61 100 Female 534 % 0 0 1 1 31 0 2 1 3 55 100 Maori 199 % 0 1 4 0 37 0 0 1 2 68 100 Pacific Island 119 % 0 0 3 2 23 0 2 0 2 Parent Ethnicity 64 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 0 0 2 1 28 0 2 1 3 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified the minimum drinking age as relating to teenagers and alcohol. Younger than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Can drink at any age Don't know No mention of the minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 401 % 1 1 4 0 24 0 1 2 2 Total 935 % 0 0 2 1 28 0 1 1 3 Parent Gender 47 100 Maori Male 78 % 0 0 6 0 44 0 1 2 0 61 100 Maori Female 121 % 0 1 2 0 32 0 0 0 4 63 100 Pacific Male 42 % 0 0 7 3 23 0 0 0 5 72 100 Pacific Female 77 % 0 0 0 0 24 0 4 0 1 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 68 100 Other Male 281 % 1 1 4 0 23 0 1 2 2 Q41. As far as you know, what is the minimum age that a person can legally drink alcohol in New Zealand at the moment? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 59: 60 100 Other Female 336 % 0 0 1 1 32 0 2 1 3 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Less than 18 years 18 years 19 years 20 years Over 20 years Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 2 90 0 3 2 2 100 Male 401 % 2 92 0 3 1 1 100 Female 534 % 2 88 0 4 3 3 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 0 90 1 4 3 2 100 Pacific Island 119 % 2 65 1 12 13 7 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 2 91 0 3 2 2 100 Q42. Do you know how old people need to be before they can legally buy alcohol in New Zealand? Table 60: Maori Male 78 % 0 88 2 5 3 2 100 Maori Female 121 % 0 91 0 4 3 2 100 Pacific Male 42 % 1 68 1 16 5 9 100 Pacific Female 77 % 2 63 0 10 20 5 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 2 93 0 2 1 1 100 Other Female 336 % 2 89 0 3 2 3 100 0 1 0 100 0 1 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Should be legal at any age 15 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Should be illegal for any teenager Don’t know Refused Total Base = Male 401 % 1 0 0 44 2 52 1 Total 935 % 0 0 0 41 2 54 0 0 1 0 100 Female 534 % 0 0 0 39 2 57 0 Parent Gender 1 1 0 100 Maori 199 % 1 1 0 29 1 64 2 1 2 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 0 0 0 23 2 72 1 Parent Ethnicity Q43. And at what age do you believe it should be legal for a teenager to buy their own alcohol? Table 61: 0 1 0 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 0 0 0 43 2 53 0 0 0 1 100 Maori Male 78 % 2 0 0 30 2 64 2 1 2 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 0 1 0 28 1 64 2 1 3 0 100 Pacific Male 42 % 0 0 0 31 3 61 0 0 1 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 0 0 0 16 0 81 2 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 1 0 100 Other Male 281 % 1 0 0 45 2 50 1 0 1 0 100 Other Female 336 % 0 0 0 41 2 55 0 57 16 2 0 7 10 11 19 55 15 2 1 7 9 12 20 Male 401 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. When it is given to them by their parent or legal guardian When it is given to them at a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) If it is given to them by an older family member If it is given to them by an adult In a restaurant or cafe‚ where there is food Other None/There are no exceptions to the law Don't know Base = Total 935 % 13 21 7 8 1 2 15 53 Female 534 % Parent Gender 15 26 5 6 1 2 14 47 Maori 199 % 25 35 2 7 1 3 13 24 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 11 19 7 9 1 2 16 57 Other ethnic groups 617 % 11 24 7 10 1 3 11 52 Maori Male 78 % Q44. And do you know if there are any situations where under 18 years olds can be legally given alcohol to drink? Table 62: 19 28 3 3 2 2 17 44 Maori Female 121 % 21 36 3 6 0 7 9 29 Pacific Male 42 % 28 34 1 8 3 0 15 19 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 10 17 8 10 0 2 16 59 Other Male 281 % 12 20 7 8 1 2 15 56 Other Female 336 % 63 37 100 39 100 41 100 59 Female 534 % 47 100 53 Maori 199 % 68 100 32 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 37 100 63 Other ethnic groups 617 % 44 100 56 Maori Male 78 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 63 31 6 100 Male 401 % 60 34 6 100 Female 534 % 65 28 7 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 71 25 4 100 Pacific Island 119 % 79 16 5 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 61 32 7 100 Maori Male 78 % 68 28 4 100 Maori Female 121 % 73 23 4 100 49 100 51 Maori Female 121 % Q45. In your opinion, should New Zealand laws be changed to help parents/guardians control their teenagers’ drinking? Table 64: Male 401 % 61 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Mentioned a correct exception Didn't mention a correct exception Total Base = Total 935 % Parent Gender Q44. And do you know if there are any situations where under 18 years olds can be legally given alcohol to drink? Table 63: 70 100 30 Pacific Female 77 % Pacific Male 42 % 72 24 5 100 Pacific Female 77 % 85 10 5 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 66 100 34 Pacific Male 42 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 59 35 6 100 35 100 65 Other Male 281 % Other Female 336 % 63 30 7 100 39 100 61 Other Female 336 % 28 25 15 14 8 9 8 8 4 1 0 0 10 1 0 31 22 18 16 8 7 7 6 3 2 0 0 11 1 1 Male 244 % 17 7 6 7 5 2 3 0 0 12 0 1 20 19 34 Female 355 % 14 5 10 6 4 6 2 0 0 16 1 1 21 22 32 Maori 135 % 14 3 16 7 5 8 1 0 0 11 3 0 30 27 38 Pacific Island 95 % Parent Ethnicity 16 8 7 8 6 3 2 0 0 10 0 1 16 21 30 Other ethnic groups 369 % 15 6 15 10 3 3 0 0 0 11 3 0 21 27 27 Maori Male 50 % 13 5 7 3 5 8 3 0 0 20 1 2 21 19 36 Maori Female 85 % 13 0 24 9 9 14 0 0 0 16 2 0 24 20 38 Pacific Male 31 % 15 5 11 5 2 4 2 0 0 7 4 1 34 31 38 Pacific Female 64 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified whether or not that New Zealand laws should be changed to help control their teenager's drinking. Teens are allowed to drink too young Legal purchase age too low (at 18 years) Parents need more support / control Need (stronger) consequences for underage drinking Access to alcohol is too easy Causes violence/crime Drink driving Out of control/binge drinking It’s the parent’s responsibility Need education not laws Current laws are fine Law changes won’t work Other No particular reason Don’t know Base = Total 599* % Parent Gender Q46. For what reasons do you believe that? (PARENTS IN FAVOUR OF LAW CHANGE) Table 65: 14 9 8 8 8 4 1 0 0 9 1 0 14 25 27 Other Male 163 % 18 8 6 8 5 2 3 0 0 11 0 1 18 18 33 Other Female 206 % 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 1 0 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 18 1 0 3 3 6 Female 143 % 43 19 18 5 3 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 3 4 Maori 53 % 44 17 16 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 13 0 0 7 2 Pacific Island 16** % 39 29 3 9 Parent Ethnicity 1 0 0 0 0 20 1 0 2 1 4 Other ethnic groups 207 % 43 20 17 10 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 Maori Male 23** % 42 26 13 0 5 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 5 7 Maori Female 30 % 47 10 18 13 0 0 0 0 0 14 19 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 9** % 28 33 5 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 7 Pacific Female 7** % 60 20 0 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified whether or not that New Zealand laws should be changed to help control their teenager's drinking. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. It’s the parent’s responsibility Need education not laws Law changes won’t work Current laws are fine Legal purchase age too low (at 18 years) Parents need more support / control Need (stronger) consequences for underage drinking Teens are allowed to drink too young Access to alcohol is too easy Causes violence/crime Drink driving Out of control/binge drinking Other No particular reason Don’t know Base = Male 133 % 43 21 16 13 Total 276* % 43 20 17 9 Parent Gender Q46. For what reasons do you believe that? (PARENTS AGAINST LAW CHANGE) Table 66: 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 3 Other Male 101 % 44 21 16 14 1 0 0 0 0 19 1 0 3 3 6 Other Female 106 % 42 19 18 5 29 3 100 23 5 100 18 7 100 Female 534 % 2 3 11 2 31 1 21 4 16 6 100 Maori 199 % 3 4 11 2 32 2 18 6 8 7 100 Pacific Island 119 % 0 2 1 1 24 2 44 11 Parent Ethnicity 32 100 28 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Support minimum drinking age Don’t support minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 401 % 68 Total 935 % 72 25 100 Female 534 % 75 Parent Gender 22 100 Maori 199 % 78 14 100 Pacific Island 119 % 86 29 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 71 24 5 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 3 4 12 2 27 0 18 6 Parent Ethnicity Q47. Net proportion of parents who support the introduction of a minimum drinking age Table 68: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Less than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Should not be a minimum drinking age Don't know Total Base = Male 401 % 4 4 11 1 23 0 16 8 Total 935 % 3 4 11 2 27 1 19 6 Parent Gender 29 100 Maori Male 78 % 71 25 4 100 Maori Male 78 % 5 2 6 3 34 2 16 3 17 100 Maori Female 121 % 83 9 8 100 Maori Female 121 % 2 5 15 2 31 2 20 8 8 8 100 Pacific Female 77 % 0 0 1 2 21 2 50 8 12 100 Pacific Male 42 % 88 16 100 Pacific Female 77 % 84 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 8 5 100 Pacific Male 42 % 0 5 1 0 27 2 37 15 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 33 100 Other Male 281 % 67 30 3 100 Other Male 281 % 4 4 12 1 22 0 15 8 Q47. Although there is currently a minimum purchasing age, there is no legal drinking age. Do you believe there should be, and if so, what age should this be? Table 67: 27 100 Other Female 336 % 73 20 7 100 Other Female 336 % 2 3 11 2 31 1 20 4 Male 242 % 56 41 4 100 Female 377 % 67 30 2 100 Maori 141 % 64 35 1 100 Pacific Island 88 % 49 47 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 390 % 63 34 3 100 Maori Male 52 % 58 42 0 100 Maori Female 89 % 68 30 2 100 Pacific Male 32 % 47 48 5 100 Pacific Female 56 % 50 46 4 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 158 % 56 40 4 100 40 100 34 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Don't support minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 401 % 33 24 2 Total 935 % 41 23 2 29 100 Female 534 % 47 21 2 Parent Gender 28 100 Maori 199 % 46 25 1 25 100 Pacific Island 119 % 36 35 3 Parent Ethnicity 35 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 41 22 2 32 100 Maori Male 78 % 39 29 0 25 100 Maori Female 121 % 51 23 2 27 100 Pacific Male 42 % 34 35 3 24 100 Pacific Female 77 % 38 35 3 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 41 100 Other Male 281 % 33 23 2 Q48. If there were to be exceptions, would it be OK for someone younger than [your stated minimum drinking age] to drink alcohol if the alcohol was given to them by their parent or legal guardian? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 70: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt that there should be a minimum drinking age. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 619* % 62 35 3 100 Parent Gender Q48. If there were to be exceptions, would it be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if the alcohol was given to them by their parent or legal guardian? Table 69: 30 100 Other Female 336 % 48 21 2 Other Female 232 % 68 30 2 100 25 19 12 5 5 68 0 30 23 14 7 6 62 0 Male 242 % 9 7 58 0 26 15 34 Female 377 % 6 5 65 0 18 17 26 Maori 141 % 9 7 73 0 13 17 20 Pacific Island 88 % Parent Ethnicity Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt that there should be a minimum drinking age. By an older family member (e.g. aunt, uncle, kaumatua) At a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) By older brothers or sisters By an adult who was not a family member At a sports club None / no exceptions Don't know Base = Total 619* % Parent Gender 7 6 61 0 24 13 31 Other ethnic groups 390 % 5 7 71 0 11 12 23 Maori Male 52 % 6 4 61 1 23 20 27 Maori Female 89 % 11 8 80 0 13 16 13 Pacific Male 32 % 8 7 69 0 13 19 26 Pacific Female 56 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q49. And if their parent or guardian was not around, would it still be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if it was given to them…? Table 71: 4 4 67 0 21 11 26 Other Male 158 % 9 8 57 0 27 14 35 Other Female 232 % 29 3 3 41 0 40 5 4 41 0 34 6 5 41 0 12 7 15 9 18 11 15 24 Female 534 % 20 Male 401 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. By an older family member (e.g. aunt, uncle, kaumatua) At a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) By older brothers or sisters By an adult who was not a family member At a sports club None / no exceptions Don't know Don't support minimum drinking age Base = Total 935 % Parent Gender 28 4 4 47 0 13 12 18 Maori 199 % 25 7 5 55 0 9 13 15 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 35 5 4 40 0 16 9 20 Other ethnic groups 617 % 32 4 5 49 0 8 8 15 Maori Male 78 % 25 5 3 46 0 17 15 21 Maori Female 121 % 27 8 6 58 0 9 12 9 Pacific Male 42 % 24 6 5 52 0 10 14 20 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 41 3 2 39 0 12 7 15 Other Male 281 % And if their parent or guardian was not around, would it still be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if it was given to them…? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 72: 30 6 5 40 0 19 10 24 Other Female 336 % 65 100 59 100 55 100 Female 377 % 42 2 1 65 100 Maori 141 % 32 2 1 73 100 Pacific Island 88 % 24 3 0 Parent Ethnicity 58 100 Other ethnic groups 390 % 39 2 1 71 100 Maori Male 52 % 27 2 0 61 100 Maori Female 89 % 35 2 2 80 100 Pacific Male 32 % 19 2 0 69 100 Pacific Female 56 % 28 3 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 64 100 Other Male 158 % 33 3 1 Male 129 % 92 7 1 100 Female 126 % 91 6 3 100 Maori 45 % 97 0 3 100 Pacific Island 18** % 62 28 10 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 192 % 92 6 1 100 Maori Male 23** % 94 0 6 100 Maori Female 22** % 100 0 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt there should be some exceptions for teenagers to drink alcohol if the parent wasn't there. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 255* % 92 6 2 100 Parent Gender Pacific Male 5** % 47 27 27 100 Pacific Female 13** % 72 28 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 101 % 93 7 0 100 Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (PARENTS AGAINST MINIMUM DRINKING AGE) Table 74: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt there should be some exceptions for teenagers to drink alcohol if the parent wasn't there. Yes No Don't know Don't support non-parental supply Total Base = Male 242 % 31 2 1 Total 619* % 38 2 1 Parent Gender Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (REBASED TO ALL PARENTS WHO STATED MINIMUM DRINKING AGE) Table 73: Other Female 91 % 92 6 3 100 54 100 Other Female 232 % 44 1 1 68 100 72 100 75 100 Female 534 % 23 2 1 78 100 Maori 199 % 21 0 1 86 100 Pacific Island 119 % 9 4 2 Parent Ethnicity Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. A light drinker A medium drinker A heavy drinker Non-drinker Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 935 % 61 25 0 13 0 0 100 Male 401 % 56 30 1 13 0 0 100 Female 534 % 65 22 0 13 0 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 53 24 1 21 1 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 34 16 1 49 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Q51. How would you describe your own drinking behaviour? Would you say you are…? Table 76: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Don't know Support minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 401 % 29 2 0 Total 935 % 26 2 0 Parent Gender Other ethnic groups 617 % 63 26 0 11 0 0 100 71 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 27 2 0 Maori Male 78 % 49 30 2 19 0 0 100 71 100 Maori Male 78 % 27 0 2 Maori Female 121 % 56 20 0 23 1 0 100 83 100 Maori Female 121 % 17 0 0 84 100 Pacific Female 77 % 12 5 0 Pacific Male 42 % 32 28 1 39 0 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 35 6 0 58 1 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 88 100 Pacific Male 42 % 6 3 3 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 58 30 1 11 0 0 100 67 100 Other Male 281 % 31 2 0 Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (PARENTS AGAINST MINIMUM DRINKING AGE - REBASED TO ALL PARENTS) Table 75: Other Female 336 % 67 23 0 10 0 0 100 73 100 Other Female 336 % 24 1 1 Male 341 % 24 38 20 9 5 4 0 100 Female 424 % 15 27 18 12 13 14 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Almost everyday About twice a week About once a week About once every two weeks About once a month Only a few times a year Refused Total Base = Total 765* % 19 32 19 11 9 10 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 161 % 6 22 23 11 18 19 0 100 Q52. At present, about how often do you have an alcoholic drink of any kind? Table 77: Pacific Island 53 % 3 10 27 13 16 31 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 551 % 20 33 19 11 9 8 0 100 Maori Male 65 % 13 25 31 7 17 7 0 100 Maori Female 96 % 2 20 17 14 20 28 0 100 Pacific Male 24** % 5 14 35 13 18 15 0 100 Pacific Female 29** % 0 6 17 12 14 51 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 252 % 25 39 19 9 4 4 0 100 Other Female 299 % 17 28 19 11 13 12 0 100 Male 341 % 88 12 0 0 100 Female 424 % 60 39 1 0 100 Maori 161 % 84 15 0 1 100 Pacific Island 53 % 62 38 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 551 % 72 27 1 0 100 Male 299 % 23 77 0 100 Female 262 % 16 84 0 100 Maori 134 % 28 72 0 100 Pacific Island 31 % 48 52 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 396 % 19 81 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers, and have drunk more than seven drinks on one occasion. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 561* % 20 80 0 100 Parent Gender Q54. And have you drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion any time in the last two weeks? Table 79: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 765* % 73 27 1 0 100 Parent Gender Q53. Have you ever drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion? Table 78: Maori Male 63 % 31 69 0 100 Maori Male 65 % 97 3 0 0 100 Maori Female 71 % 25 74 1 100 Maori Female 96 % 74 24 1 2 100 Pacific Female 29** % 48 52 0 0 100 Pacific Male 18** % 60 40 0 100 Pacific Female 13** % 26 74 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 24** % 74 26 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 218 % 22 78 0 100 Other Male 252 % 88 12 0 0 100 Other Female 178 % 15 85 0 100 Other Female 299 % 59 40 1 0 100 7 2 4 1 1 0 1 0 100 10 7 3 1 1 1 0 0 100 1 1 0 0 100 0 12 2 12 Female 424 % 61 11 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Wine or sparkling wine Ordinary strength beer Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) Low alcohol beer Extra strength beer (e.g. Elephant Beer, Duvel, Chimay) Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) Liqueurs (e.g. Baileys) Other Don’t know Total Base = Male 341 % 25 59 Total 765* % 44 33 Parent Gender 3 0 0 1 100 2 11 3 8 Maori 161 % 29 42 0 3 0 0 100 3 13 4 13 Pacific Island 53 % 17 47 Parent Ethnicity Q55. Thinking about the last occasion you drank alcohol, what did you mainly drink? Table 80: 1 1 0 0 100 0 7 3 10 Other ethnic groups 551 % 46 32 1 0 0 0 100 3 1 4 9 Maori Male 65 % 12 71 5 1 0 2 100 1 19 3 8 Maori Female 96 % 43 20 0 0 0 0 100 5 0 5 13 Pacific Male 24** % 7 69 0 6 0 0 100 0 29 2 14 Pacific Female 29** % 29 20 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 0 1 0 100 1 2 4 7 Other Male 252 % 27 58 1 1 0 0 100 0 11 1 13 Other Female 299 % 63 10 Male 341 % 25 40 20 10 4 1 0 100 Female 422 % 37 46 10 5 1 0 1 100 Maori 160 % 18 38 15 18 9 1 1 100 Pacific Island 53 % 13 29 29 15 9 4 1 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 550 % 33 44 14 7 2 1 1 100 Maori Male 65 % 15 30 18 23 11 2 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers, and could identify what they mainly drank on the last occasion. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 2 2 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 10 More than 10 Undefined Don't know Total Base = Total 763* % 31 43 14 8 2 1 1 100 Parent Gender Q56. And on the last occasion, how many drinks of X did you have? UNCALIBRATED Table 81: Maori Female 95 % 19 44 13 14 7 1 3 100 Pacific Male 24** % 0 22 39 22 9 7 0 100 Pacific Female 29** % 28 38 17 6 9 0 2 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 252 % 26 41 19 9 4 1 0 100 Other Female 298 % 39 46 9 5 0 0 1 100 21 36 33 3 7 0 0 100 31 30 3 8 0 0 100 Male 401 % 28 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. NCEA, School Certificate, or other secondary school qualification Polytechnic qualification or Trade Certificate, or Bachelors degree or higher Other None / No qualifications Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 935 % 27 28 3 9 0 0 100 33 Female 534 % Parent Gender 33 19 1 14 0 0 100 32 Maori 199 % 26 22 5 12 1 0 100 33 Pacific Island 119 % Parent Ethnicity 31 31 3 7 0 0 100 27 Other ethnic groups 617 % Q57. Thinking about your education, which of these best describes your highest educational qualification? Table 82: 32 22 1 15 0 0 100 31 Maori Male 78 % 34 18 2 13 0 0 100 33 Maori Female 121 % 32 24 6 11 0 0 100 27 Pacific Male 42 % 21 21 5 14 2 0 100 38 Pacific Female 77 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 36 34 4 6 0 0 100 20 Other Male 281 % 27 29 3 8 0 1 100 33 Other Female 336 % Male 401 % 28 64 3 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 100 49 19 1 5 1 0 2 1 0 0 100 33 0 9 1 0 2 1 0 0 100 36 Female 534 % 17 Parent Gender Total 935 % 22 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Self-employed Full time salary or wage earner Part-time salary or wage earner (less than 30 hrs/week) Retired Full-time home-maker Student Unemployed Other beneficiary Other Don't know Refused Total Base = Q58. At present, are you ...? Table 83: 14 1 5 1 2 1 2 0 0 100 56 Maori 199 % 16 10 2 6 2 3 4 4 1 0 100 55 Pacific Island 119 % 12 Parent Ethnicity 20 1 5 1 0 1 0 0 0 100 48 Other ethnic groups 617 % 23 5 2 1 0 3 0 2 0 0 100 72 Maori Male 78 % 15 21 0 9 2 2 2 1 0 0 100 45 Maori Female 121 % 17 2 5 3 0 5 3 3 0 0 100 59 Pacific Male 42 % 19 16 0 8 5 3 5 4 3 0 100 52 Pacific Female 77 % 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 3 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 100 64 Other Male 281 % 29 35 0 9 0 0 2 1 0 0 100 34 Other Female 336 % 18 17 5 21 21 13 11 6 1 0 5 0 0 100 27 16 15 13 10 8 5 1 0 4 1 0 100 Male 282 % 0 3 1 0 100 6 5 1 8 10 6 35 25 Female 376 % Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are currently working. Teacher, nurse, police, other trained service worker Clerical or sales employee Business manager or executive Technical or skilled worker Professional or senior government official Labourer, manual, agricultural or domestic worker Semi-skilled worker Farmer owner or manager Business owner or selfemployed Other Don’t know Refused Total Base = Total 658* % Q59. And what is your current occupation? Table 84: 1 2 0 0 100 15 4 1 5 7 10 40 14 Maori 144 % 0 4 0 2 100 16 9 0 13 9 7 30 9 Pacific Island 83 % Parent Ethnicity 0 4 1 0 100 7 5 1 11 16 13 26 17 Other ethnic groups 431 % 2 3 0 0 100 21 6 2 9 10 17 27 2 Maori Male 60 % 0 1 0 0 100 10 3 0 2 5 3 51 26 Maori Female 84 % 0 7 0 0 100 14 11 0 24 14 4 26 2 Pacific Male 30 % 0 2 0 3 100 17 9 0 4 6 10 34 15 Pacific Female 53 % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 5 0 0 100 9 5 1 13 22 23 16 5 Other Male 192 % 0 3 1 0 100 5 5 1 9 10 6 34 26 Other Female 239 % 8 1 0 100 10 3 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Married/living with partner Separated, divorced, widowed Never Married Refused Total Base = Male 401 % 91 Total 935 % 87 12 4 0 100 Female 534 % 83 Parent Gender Q61. And which of these categories best describes you? Table 85: 14 9 0 100 Maori 199 % 78 21 6 1 100 Pacific Island 119 % 72 Parent Ethnicity 9 2 0 100 Other ethnic groups 617 % 88 9 5 0 100 Maori Male 78 % 86 17 12 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 72 21 1 0 100 Pacific Male 42 % 78 20 10 2 100 Pacific Female 77 % 68 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 7 0 0 100 Other Male 281 % 93 12 3 0 100 Other Female 336 % 85 1 4 8 12 14 12 12 8 4 19 1 3 100 9 11 12 11 11 9 6 5 2 11 3 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Under $10,000 $10,000 but less than $20,000 $20,000 but less than $30,000 $30,000 but less than $40,000 $40,000 but less than $50,000 $50,000 but less than $60,000 $60,000 but less than $70,000 $70,000 but less than $80,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $90,000 but less than $100,000 $100,000 or more Don't know Refused Total Base = Male 401 % 3 Total 935 % 7 1 4 4 3 100 2 2 7 9 11 16 16 15 Female 534 % 11 Parent Gender 1 8 1 3 100 3 3 7 8 15 17 16 10 Maori 199 % 9 Q60. And which of these best describes your personal income before tax? Table 86: 1 3 7 2 100 0 6 2 14 22 12 15 6 Pacific Island 119 % 10 Parent Ethnicity 2 11 3 3 100 5 7 9 12 11 12 10 9 Other ethnic groups 617 % 7 2 15 0 5 100 6 7 11 12 17 18 0 1 Maori Male 78 % 7 0 3 1 2 100 0 1 4 4 13 17 28 17 Maori Female 121 % 10 2 3 7 0 100 0 11 1 25 21 12 8 2 Pacific Male 42 % 7 0 2 8 4 100 1 2 2 5 24 11 20 10 Pacific Female 77 % 12 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 4 20 1 3 100 9 12 12 14 11 6 4 1 Other Male 281 % 2 1 4 4 3 100 2 2 7 10 10 16 15 15 Other Female 336 % 11 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. $0 to $29,999 $30,000 to $69,999 $70,000 and over Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 935 % 27 44 24 3 3 100 Male 401 % 8 45 42 1 3 100 Female 534 % 42 43 9 4 3 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 35 46 15 1 3 100 Q60. And which of these best describes your personal income before tax? Table 87: Pacific Island 119 % 31 50 10 7 2 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 26 43 25 3 3 100 Maori Male 78 % 8 58 30 0 5 100 Maori Female 121 % 55 38 4 1 2 100 Pacific Male 42 % 17 59 17 7 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 42 42 5 8 4 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 7 43 45 1 3 100 Other Female 336 % 41 43 9 4 3 100 1 3 4 5 9 8 9 10 5 43 1 3 100 2 3 4 7 9 9 8 8 7 36 3 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Under $10,000 $10,000 but less than $20,000 $20,000 but less than $30,000 $30,000 but less than $40,000 $40,000 but less than $50,000 $50,000 but less than $60,000 $60,000 but less than $70,000 $70,000 but less than $80,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $100,000 or more Don’t know Refused Total Base = Male 401 % 1 Total 935 % 1 8 30 4 3 100 6 8 10 9 8 4 4 3 Female 534 % 1 Parent Gender 4 21 1 3 100 8 11 9 9 13 10 6 4 Maori 199 % 1 5 16 7 1 100 10 9 3 8 7 12 9 5 Pacific Island 119 % 8 Parent Ethnicity 7 38 3 3 100 8 8 9 9 6 3 3 2 Other ethnic groups 617 % 1 Q60/62. And which of these best describes the joint income of yourself and your partner before tax? Table 88: 7 26 2 5 100 8 15 11 2 14 8 0 0 Maori Male 78 % 2 2 17 0 2 100 8 7 8 14 11 12 11 7 Maori Female 121 % 0 5 22 7 0 100 12 6 5 11 5 12 8 1 Pacific Male 42 % 7 5 12 7 2 100 8 12 3 5 10 12 9 8 Pacific Female 77 % 8 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 5 45 1 3 100 10 9 8 9 4 3 3 1 Other Male 281 % 1 9 33 5 3 100 6 7 11 9 8 3 3 3 Other Female 336 % 1 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. $0 to $49,999 $50,000 to $79,999 $80,000 and over Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 935 % 17 27 51 3 3 100 Male 401 % 13 26 58 1 3 100 Female 534 % 21 27 44 4 3 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 34 29 33 1 3 100 Pacific Island 119 % 41 20 31 7 1 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 15 27 53 3 3 100 Q60/62. And which of these best describes the joint income of yourself and your partner before tax? Table 89: Maori Male 78 % 25 28 41 2 5 100 Maori Female 121 % 41 30 27 0 2 100 Pacific Male 42 % 33 22 39 7 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 47 19 25 7 2 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 11 26 60 1 3 100 Other Female 336 % 18 28 47 5 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Taranaki Manawatu-Wanganui Wellington-Wairarapa Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland Don't know Total Base = Total 935 % 2 27 7 8 1 4 3 7 11 1 2 1 1 17 5 3 0 100 Male 401 % 2 25 8 9 1 4 3 6 12 1 1 2 1 18 5 2 0 100 Female 534 % 2 29 6 8 2 3 3 7 10 1 2 1 1 15 4 4 0 100 Parent Gender Q63. And lastly, in which of the following areas do you live? Table 90: Maori 199 % 1 4 2 18 4 9 7 9 14 2 0 3 3 12 7 4 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 1 86 0 2 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 2 26 8 8 1 3 3 7 11 1 2 1 1 18 5 3 0 100 Maori Male 78 % 2 4 1 18 5 9 8 12 16 0 0 3 2 14 3 2 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 0 4 3 19 4 9 7 7 12 3 1 3 4 11 9 6 0 100 Pacific Male 42 % 0 77 0 5 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 2 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 281 % 2 24 9 9 1 4 3 6 12 1 1 1 1 19 6 2 0 100 Other Female 336 % 3 28 7 7 2 3 3 8 10 1 3 1 1 17 4 4 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. Yes No Refused Total Base = Total 935 % 25 75 0 100 Male 401 % 26 74 0 100 Female 534 % 25 75 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 199 % 28 72 0 100 Pacific Island 119 % 71 29 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 617 % 22 77 0 100 Maori Male 78 % 29 71 0 100 Maori Female 121 % 28 72 0 100 Pacific Male 42 % 71 29 0 100 Pacific Female 77 % 72 28 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q64. Finally, do you go to church or any other place of worship, for example a synagogue, mosque or temple, at least once a month? Table 91: Other Male 281 % 23 77 0 100 Other Female 336 % 22 78 0 100 -* " *&7 % 8 " 2 = > 1' ' 7 * 4 *" "< Male 186 % 11 49 24 8 5 3 100 Female 230 % 8 41 34 12 2 3 100 Male 186 % 57 39 4 0 100 Female 230 % 50 44 6 1 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. One Two Three Four Total Base = Total 416 % 53 42 5 0 100 Parent Gender Q2. And how many of these children are aged 12 to 17? Table 2: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. One Two Three Four Five Six or more Total Base = Total 416 % 10 45 29 10 3 3 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 50 42 8 0 100 Maori 105 % 8 28 24 25 10 6 100 Pacific Island 24** % 35 53 10 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 24** % 6 35 23 25 0 11 100 Parent Ethnicity Q1. First of all, can you please tell me how many children you are the parent or guardian of? Table 1: Other ethnic groups 287 % 54 42 4 0 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 10 46 30 9 3 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 43 48 9 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 4 35 22 21 11 7 100 Maori Female 65 % 56 36 7 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 11 22 26 27 8 5 100 Pacific Female 16** % 11 28 6 33 0 22 100 Pacific Male 8** % 41 50 9 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 28 56 11 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 0 41 41 18 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 58 38 3 0 100 Other Male 138 % 12 51 23 7 4 2 100 Other Female 149 % 50 44 5 0 100 Other Female 149 % 8 43 35 10 1 2 100 Male 186 % 1 1 13 36 25 23 100 Female 230 % 2 5 13 35 23 22 100 Maori 105 % 3 5 8 44 19 21 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 0 0 32 28 40 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 4 14 34 25 22 100 Male 186 % 16 84 100 Female 230 % 20 80 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. 12-14 years 15-17 years Total Base = Total 416 % 18 82 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 16 84 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 100 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 19 81 100 Q3. And can you tell me the age of the oldest 12-17 year old child you have living with you? (collapsed) Table 4: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total Base = Total 416 % 2 4 13 35 24 22 100 Parent Gender Q3. And can you tell me the age of the oldest 12-17 year old child you have living with you? Table 3: Maori Male 40 % 8 92 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 0 8 54 18 20 100 Maori Female 65 % 22 78 100 Maori Female 65 % 6 8 8 36 19 22 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 0 17 39 44 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 100 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 100 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 0 47 18 35 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 17 83 100 Other Male 138 % 2 2 14 34 26 23 100 Other Female 149 % 20 80 100 Other Female 149 % 2 5 13 35 24 21 100 Male 186 % 56 44 100 Female 230 % 53 47 100 Maori 105 % 59 41 100 Pacific Island 24** % 44 56 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 54 46 100 Male 186 % 91 9 100 Female 230 % 95 5 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Total Base = Total 416 % 94 6 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 95 5 100 Pacific Island 24** % 100 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 93 7 100 Q5. Thinking about your oldest 12-17 year old, does this teenager live with you on a full-time basis? Table 6: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Male Female Total Base = Total 416 % 54 46 100 Parent Gender Q4. And can you tell me the gender of this teenager? Table 5: Maori Male 40 % 94 6 100 Maori Male 40 % 58 42 100 Maori Female 65 % 95 5 100 Maori Female 65 % 59 41 100 Pacific Female 16** % 61 39 100 Pacific Male 8** % 100 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 100 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 26 74 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 91 9 100 Other Male 138 % 56 44 100 Other Female 149 % 95 5 100 Other Female 149 % 52 48 100 89 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 0 91 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 93 1 Female 230 % 9 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Maori New Zealand European/Pakeha Samoan Cook Island Mäori / Rarotongan Tongan Niuean Other Pacific Island (Tokelauan, Fijian, etc.) Chinese Indian Korean Other Asian (Japanese, Indonesian, etc.) Other Don’t know Refused Base = Male 186 % 9 Total 416 % 9 Parent Gender Q7. Which of the following ethnic groups do you fit into? Table 7: 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 Maori 105 % 100 0 20 0 0 3 0 3 0 21 7 14 34 68 Pacific Island 24** % 12 Parent Ethnicity 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96 0 Other ethnic groups 287 % 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 Maori Male 40 % 100 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 Maori Female 65 % 100 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 18 24 91 Pacific Male 8** % 18 0 17 0 0 6 0 6 0 33 6 11 44 44 Pacific Female 16** % 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 94 0 Other Male 138 % 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 0 Other Female 149 % 0 Male 186 % 8 2 90 100 Female 230 % 9 1 90 100 Maori Male 40 % 100 0 0 100 # Maori Female 65 % 100 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Pacific Male Female 8** 16** % % 0 0 100 100 0 0 100 100 Other Male 138 % 0 0 100 100 Other Female 149 % 0 0 100 100 Total 416 % 45 55 100 Maori 105 % 43 57 100 Pacific Island 24 % 50 50 100 Parent Ethnicity Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Male Female Total Base = Q8. Gender of parent / respondent Table 9: Other ethnic groups 287 % 45 55 100 Maori Male 40 % 100 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 100 100 Pacific Male 8** % 100 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 100 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 100 0 100 Other Female 149 % 0 100 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. # Ethnicity is self-identified by respondents on a multiple-response basis (i.e. respondents can identify with more than one ethnic group as relevant). However, for the purposes of analysis, ethnicity is prioritised in the order of Maori, Pacific, and other ethnic groups. Maori Pacific Island Other ethnic groups Total Base = Total 416 % 9 2 90 100 Parent Gender Q7. Which of the following ethnic groups do you fit into? (prioritised ethnicity) Table 8: Alcohol-related issues Alcohol generally Drink-driving Other issues Drugs and drug related issues Personal safety Strong peer pressure/being forced to do things to be allowed to stay in the group e.g., drink, smoke, do drugs etc. School/Education/Qualificatio ns in general Dangerous driving (speed, alcohol) Being with the wrong crowd / having good friends Difficulties communicating with their teens Difficulties enforcing rules with their teens Self image/self confidence/self esteem/mental health Sexual relationships Teen pregnancy Becoming independent Getting a job (full-time/parttime) Base = 7 0 27 22 6 7 7 4 2 3 3 1 0 1 0 25 19 8 6 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 Male 186 % 9 1 Total 416 % 1 1 2 2 1 3 3 2 3 5 10 24 17 11 1 Female 230 % Parent Gender 1 2 2 3 4 4 6 1 1 8 9 12 19 15 2 Maori 105 % 0 4 3 3 3 0 3 15 0 7 0 6 23 17 0 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 5 6 8 27 19 9 1 Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 4 0 6 0 9 6 2 2 7 0 9 28 17 0 Maori Male 40 % 1 1 4 1 7 0 7 0 0 8 16 15 12 14 4 Maori Female 65 % 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 9 0 0 41 18 0 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 6 6 6 0 6 6 0 6 0 11 6 17 0 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? FIRST MENTIONED Table 10: 0 3 2 0 1 2 2 3 7 7 6 29 21 6 0 Other Male 138 % continued… 1 1 2 3 0 3 2 2 3 4 9 25 18 11 1 Other Female 149 % 0 8 1 1 100 0 9 1 1 100 0 11 1 1 100 Female 230 % 1 2 9 0 1 100 Maori 105 % 0 3 11 0 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 Parent Ethnicity 0 9 1 1 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 1 0 9 0 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 3 8 0 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 Male 186 % 7 93 100 Female 230 % 12 88 100 Maori 105 % 17 83 100 Pacific Island 24** % 17 83 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 9 91 100 Maori Male 40 % 17 83 100 Maori Female 65 % 18 82 100 Pacific Male 8** % 18 82 100 Pacific Female 16** % 17 83 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 6 94 100 0 8 1 1 100 Other Male 138 % 0 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. * This represents a net measure of all alcohol-related mentions combined (i.e. the proportion of parents who reported at least one alcohol-related concern). This is based on the combination of the following response options: alcohol generally; alcohol-related damage to teens’ physical health; alcohol-related sexual vulnerability; alcohol-related violence or aggression; alcohol-related damage to teens’ mental health; and drink-driving (as either a driver or passenger). Alcohol-related mention* No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 416 % 10 90 100 Parent Gender 6 22 0 6 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? FIRST MENTIONED (net measure) Table 11: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Teen suicide Staying out too late/ breaking curfews Others None Don’t know Total Base = Male 186 % 0 Total 416 % 1 Parent Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? FIRST MENTIONED Table 10 (cont.): Other Female 149 % 12 88 100 0 11 1 1 100 Other Female 149 % 1 Alcohol-related issues Alcohol generally Drink-driving Alcohol related damage to teens’ physical health Alcohol related sexual vulnerability Alcohol related violence or aggression Alcohol related damage to teens’ mental health Other issues Drugs and drug related issues Personal safety School/Education/Qualificatio ns in general Strong peer pressure/being forced to do things to be allowed to stay in the group e.g., drink, smoke, do drugs etc. Dangerous driving (speed, alcohol) Sexual relationships Being with the wrong crowd / having good friends Getting a job (full-time/parttime) Base = 28 5 2 2 0 0 46 35 26 21 17 6 9 3 1 1 1 0 49 30 26 20 16 10 9 6 Male 186 % 34 8 Total 416 % 9 8 14 14 19 27 52 26 0 1 0 1 38 10 Female 230 % Parent Gender 7 7 5 10 20 32 37 28 2 0 3 2 31 4 Maori 105 % 3 23 7 10 11 7 38 31 0 3 3 0 40 0 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 6 9 17 10 20 26 51 30 0 1 1 1 34 8 Other ethnic groups 287 % 8 2 6 12 13 30 20 43 4 0 0 4 25 0 Maori Male 40 % 7 11 4 9 25 33 50 17 0 0 5 0 35 7 Maori Female 65 % 0 24 9 9 0 9 32 50 0 0 0 0 41 0 Pacific Male 8** % 6 22 6 11 22 6 44 11 0 6 6 0 39 0 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONED Table 12: 2 10 19 6 22 26 49 34 0 0 2 1 28 6 Other Male 138 % continued… 9 8 15 14 18 26 52 28 0 1 0 1 39 10 Other Female 149 % 5 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 21 1 1 0 6 5 5 5 4 2 1 1 1 20 1 1 0 Male 186 % 0 19 1 1 0 1 2 0 6 6 5 5 7 Female 230 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Self image/self confidence/self esteem/mental health Difficulties communicating with their teens Difficulties enforcing rules with their teens Teen pregnancy Becoming independent Staying out too late/ breaking curfews Sexually transmitted diseases Teen suicide The cost of an education (Uni/ polytech/ apprenticeships) Others None Don't know Refused Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 2 17 0 1 0 2 3 2 6 5 5 8 8 Maori 105 % 0 14 0 3 0 0 0 3 6 15 7 3 4 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 0 20 1 1 0 1 1 2 5 5 4 5 6 Other ethnic groups 287 % Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? Q10. And what other concerns do parents have? (TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONS) Table 12 (cont.): 4 22 0 2 0 4 0 0 14 7 2 10 11 Maori Male 40 % 0 13 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 3 8 7 5 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 9 0 9 Pacific Male 8** % 0 28 0 6 0 0 0 6 11 6 6 6 0 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 21 1 1 0 2 0 4 4 3 2 4 4 Other Male 138 % 0 19 1 1 0 1 1 0 6 6 4 5 7 Other Female 149 % Male 186 % 32 68 100 Female 230 % 43 57 100 Maori 105 % 34 66 100 Pacific Island 24** % 40 60 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 38 62 100 Maori Male 40 % 25 75 100 Maori Female 65 % 41 59 100 Pacific Male 8** % 41 59 100 Pacific Female 16** % 39 61 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 32 68 100 Male 138 % 85 15 0 100 Female 136 % 90 9 0 100 Maori 68 % 86 14 1 100 Pacific Island 15** % 89 7 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 191 % 88 12 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who didn't mention an alcohol-related concern on a unprompted basis. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know / Refused Total Base = Total 274* % 88 12 0 100 Parent Gender Maori Male 32 % 83 17 0 100 Maori Female 36 % 88 10 1 100 Q11. And what about alcohol? Do you think this is a concern that parents have to deal with in relation to their teenagers? Table 14: Pacific Male 5** % 85 15 0 100 Pacific Female 10** % 92 0 8 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 101 % 86 14 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. * This represents a net measure of all alcohol-related mentions combined from Q9 and Q10 (i.e. the proportion of parents who reported at least one alcohol-related concern in both questions). This is based on the combination of the following response options: alcohol generally; alcohol-related damage to teens’ physical health; alcohol-related sexual vulnerability; alcohol-related violence or aggression; alcohol-related damage to teens’ mental health; and drink-driving (as either a driver or passenger). Alcohol-related mention* No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 416 % 38 62 100 Parent Gender Q9. In your opinion, what is the greatest concern that parents have when their children become teenagers? Q10. And what other concerns do parents have? (TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONS) Table 13: Other Female 90 % 90 10 0 100 Other Female 149 % 43 57 100 Male 186 % 89 11 100 Female 230 % 94 6 100 Maori 105 % 90 10 100 48 51 1 0 100 54 45 1 1 100 Male 167 % 40 1 1 100 58 Female 216 % 48 2 2 100 47 Maori 96 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Alcohol on its own is a problem for teenagers Alcohol is only really a problem when associated with other Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 383* % Parent Gender Q12. Which one of the following statements do you believe is most true? Table 16: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Alcohol-related mention No alcohol-related mention Total Base = Total 416 % 92 8 100 Parent Gender 65 0 0 100 35 Pacific Island 22** % Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 24** % 93 7 100 Parent Ethnicity 44 1 1 100 55 Other ethnic groups 265 % Other ethnic groups 287 % 92 8 100 Q9/10/11. Mention of alcohol as a concern for parents TOTAL PROMPTED MENTIONS (net measure) Table 15: 65 2 0 100 33 Maori Male 35 % Maori Male 40 % 87 13 100 36 2 4 100 58 Maori Female 61 % Maori Female 65 % 93 7 100 Pacific Female 16** % 94 6 100 90 0 0 100 10 Pacific Male 7** % 41 0 0 100 59 Pacific Female 15** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 91 9 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 49 1 1 100 50 Other Male 125 % Other Male 138 % 90 10 100 40 0 1 100 58 Other Female 140 % Other Female 149 % 94 6 100 Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Binge drinking / drinking too much Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation (physical and/or sexual violence) Easy access to alcohol Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Binge drinking / drinking too much Embarrassing themselves or their family Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Peer pressure Damaging their personal or family relationships Hurting themselves accidentally Not being able to meet family responsibilities Death / loss of life Base = 28 15 19 4 5 5 3 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 15 14 8 5 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 Male 167 % 30 Total 383* % 1 0 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 5 5 9 10 14 31 Female 216 % Parent Gender 0 0 1 2 2 0 4 1 1 2 4 15 11 23 23 Maori 96 % 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 23 0 11 28 Pacific Island 22** % Parent Ethnicity 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 13 7 14 30 Other ethnic groups 265 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? FIRST MENTIONED Table 17: 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 0 2 0 2 18 8 15 26 Maori Male 35 % 0 0 1 3 0 0 5 2 0 3 5 12 12 29 20 Maori Female 61 % 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 26 Pacific Male 7** % 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 0 35 0 12 29 Pacific Female 15** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 1 0 1 2 1 2 2 3 6 5 19 4 15 28 Other Male 125 % continued… 1 0 1 0 1 4 2 5 5 5 5 9 10 13 32 Other Female 140 % 0 0 0 0 9 2 0 100 0 0 0 0 7 1 1 100 Male 167 % 0 6 0 1 100 0 0 0 Female 216 % 0 10 0 1 100 0 2 0 Maori 96 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Feeling emotionally vulnerable or depressed Impact on sports, pastimes or recreation Impacting on their future opportunities / success Not being able to meet school or work commitments Other Nothing/no others Don’t know Total Base = Total 383* % Parent Gender 0 11 5 13 100 0 0 0 Pacific Island 22** % Parent Ethnicity 0 7 1 0 100 0 0 0 Other ethnic groups 265 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? FIRST MENTIONED Table 17 (cont.): 0 18 0 0 100 0 5 0 Maori Male 35 % 0 5 0 2 100 0 0 0 Maori Female 61 % 0 10 10 26 100 0 0 0 Pacific Male 7** % 0 12 0 0 100 0 0 0 Pacific Female 15** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 8 2 0 100 0 0 1 Other Male 125 % 0 6 0 0 100 0 0 0 Other Female 140 % Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation (physical and/or sexual violence) Binge drinking / drinking too much Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Making bad decisions / choices / taking risks Peer pressure Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Easy access to alcohol Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Embarrassing themselves or their family Hurting themselves accidentally Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Feeling emotionally vulnerable or depressed Death / loss of life Damaging their personal or family relationships Base = 39 35 22 15 15 7 7 6 9 7 3 4 3 0 3 31 22 17 11 11 10 9 9 7 5 5 3 3 3 Male 167 % 44 Total 383* % 3 2 4 6 6 6 9 12 12 9 14 19 22 27 48 Female 216 % Parent Gender 4 2 1 10 2 3 11 6 14 11 7 18 29 36 35 Maori 96 % 0 3 0 0 8 0 15 3 3 12 3 16 26 26 40 Pacific Island 22** % Parent Ethnicity 3 3 3 5 5 7 9 11 9 11 11 17 21 30 45 Other ethnic groups 265 % 6 5 0 2 2 5 16 4 8 6 7 11 20 39 38 Maori Male 35 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONED Table 18: 3 0 1 15 2 1 8 8 18 14 7 22 35 33 33 Maori Female 61 % 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 10 10 26 Pacific Male 7** % 0 6 0 0 6 0 29 6 6 24 6 6 41 41 53 Pacific Female 15** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 2 3 1 4 3 8 9 8 5 16 7 15 23 35 40 Other Male 125 % continued… 3 3 5 5 6 7 9 13 12 8 15 19 20 27 49 Other Female 140 % 2 0 1 0 21 2 0 2 1 1 0 17 1 1 Male 167 % 0 14 0 1 1 2 3 Female 216 % 2 21 0 1 1 0 0 Maori 96 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who mentioned an alcohol-related concern. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Impacting on their future opportunities / success Not being able to meet family responsibilities Not being able to meet school or work commitments Impact on sports, pastimes or recreation Other None Don't know Base = Total 383* % Parent Gender 0 14 5 13 0 3 0 Pacific Island 22** % Parent Ethnicity 0 16 1 0 1 1 3 Other ethnic groups 265 % 5 31 0 0 2 0 0 Maori Male 35 % Q13. What kinds of alcohol-related issues or harms are a concern for parents? TOTAL UNPROMPTED MENTIONED Table 18 (cont.): 0 14 0 2 0 0 0 Maori Female 61 % 0 10 10 26 0 0 0 Pacific Male 7** % 0 18 0 0 0 6 0 Pacific Female 15** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 20 2 0 1 0 2 Other Male 125 % 0 14 0 0 1 2 3 Other Female 140 % Male 186 % 33 64 3 100 Female 230 % 31 64 5 100 Maori 105 % 46 50 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 52 31 17 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 30 66 4 100 Maori Male 40 % 40 60 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 51 43 6 100 Pacific Male 8** % 44 56 0 100 Male 186 % 33 64 3 100 Female 230 % 31 64 5 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 32 64 4 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 46 50 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 52 31 17 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 30 66 4 100 Maori Male 40 % 40 60 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 51 43 6 100 Pacific Male 8** % 44 56 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 61 6 33 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Female 16** % 61 6 33 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q17. As far as you know, has your teenager ever consumed five or more drinks of alcohol on one occasion? (rebased to total sample) Table 20: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 32 64 4 100 Parent Gender Q17. As far as you know, has your teenager ever consumed five or more drinks of alcohol on one occasion? Table 19: Other Male 138 % 32 65 3 100 Other Male 138 % 32 65 3 100 Other Female 149 % 28 67 4 100 Other Female 149 % 28 67 4 100 Male 186 % 36 61 3 100 Female 230 % 33 64 3 100 Maori 105 % 44 53 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 45 52 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 33 64 3 100 Male 186 % 36 61 3 100 Female 230 % 33 64 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 32 64 4 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 44 53 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 45 52 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 33 64 3 100 Q18. And do you think your teenager has ever drunk too much alcohol? (rebased to total sample) Table 22: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 32 64 4 100 Parent Gender Q18. And do you think your teenager has ever drunk too much alcohol? Table 21: Maori Male 40 % 45 51 4 100 Maori Male 40 % 45 51 4 100 Maori Female 65 % 44 54 2 100 Maori Female 65 % 44 54 2 100 Pacific Female 16** % 72 22 6 100 Pacific Male 8** % 18 82 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 72 22 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 18 82 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 36 61 3 100 Other Male 138 % 36 61 3 100 Other Female 149 % 31 65 3 100 Other Female 149 % 31 65 3 100 3 4 2 2 2 1 5 3 0 4 3 2 2 1 0 4 4 0 1 2 1 0 4 4 0 3 5 Female 230 % 59 42 26 6 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. From me From other parent/caregiver From his/her friends From a brother or sister From a friends parents/siblings From Extended family (e.g. aunts / uncles / cousins) From another adult the teen knows Teen steals it/sneaks it Teen buys it him/herself From a stranger Other Don't know Refused Base = Male 186 % 69 33 22 4 Total 416 % 64 38 24 5 Parent Gender 2 2 3 2 7 1 0 6 8 Maori 105 % 55 35 23 7 4 0 3 0 15 6 0 19 13 Pacific Island 24** % 33 29 34 3 Parent Ethnicity 2 2 1 0 4 4 0 3 4 Other ethnic groups 287 % 65 39 24 5 Q19. To the best of your knowledge, how does your teenager currently obtain the alcohol they drink? Table 23: 4 2 2 4 9 0 0 4 14 Maori Male 40 % 64 26 32 5 0 3 5 1 6 1 0 7 3 Maori Female 65 % 49 42 16 9 9 0 0 0 24 0 0 32 9 Pacific Male 8** % 44 41 18 0 0 0 6 0 6 11 0 6 17 Pacific Female 16** % 22 17 50 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 2 2 2 0 4 4 0 3 2 Other Male 138 % 70 34 21 4 1 2 0 0 3 4 0 3 5 Other Female 149 % 61 43 27 6 # Male 186 % 76 24 100 Female 230 % 74 26 100 Maori 105 % 67 33 100 Pacific Island 24** % 45 55 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 76 24 100 Maori Male 40 % 68 32 100 Maori Female 65 % 66 34 100 Pacific Male 8** % 68 32 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 78 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. # Represents a net measure of the proportion of respondents who reported that either they personally and/or their child’s other parent/caregiver supplies their child with alcohol. Supplied by parents Not supplied by parents Total Base = Total 416 % 75 25 100 Parent Gender Q19. To the best of your knowledge, how does your teenager currently obtain the alcohol they drink? (net supply by parents) Table 24: Other Male 138 % 77 23 100 Other Female 149 % 76 24 100 26 33 24 14 13 4 5 1 10 0 0 36 26 19 14 11 6 4 2 11 0 0 Male 113 % 3 2 12 1 0 8 9 14 14 18 46 Female 122 % 3 1 14 0 0 9 11 5 23 16 41 Maori 53 % 0 0 13 0 0 13 13 0 13 38 22 Pacific Island 7** % Parent Ethnicity Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, supplied by the parent. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. For special occasions / family events To limit/control how much alcohol they drink To help educate them (to drink safely) To limit/control the types of alcohol (alcohol content) they drink I think they’re responsible enough to drink I think they’re old enough to drink So they don’t need to get alcohol from others (e.g. friends) Their friends drink alcohol Other Don’t know Refused Base = Total 235* % Parent Gender Q20. For what reason(s) do you provide alcohol for your teenager? Table 25: 4 2 11 0 0 6 11 15 19 26 36 Other ethnic groups 175 % 2 0 22 0 0 6 9 0 13 23 45 Maori Male 23** % 4 2 6 0 0 12 13 10 33 10 37 Maori Female 30 % 0 0 20 0 0 20 20 0 20 20 20 Pacific Male 5** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 25 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 5 1 9 0 0 3 14 16 26 34 24 Other Male 85 % 2 2 13 1 0 8 9 14 12 19 47 Other Female 90 % Male 186 % 25 74 0 100 Female 230 % 18 82 0 100 Maori 105 % 21 79 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 15 85 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 21 78 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 15 85 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 25 75 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 9 91 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 78 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 27 73 0 100 Male 186 % 25 74 0 100 Female 230 % 18 82 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 21 79 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 21 79 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 15 85 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 21 78 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 15 85 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 25 75 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 9 91 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 78 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 27 73 0 100 Q21. And within the last six months have you ever given your teenager alcohol to take to a party or social occasion that you did not attend? (rebased to total sample Table 27: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 21 79 0 100 Parent Gender Q21. And within the last six months have you ever given your teenager alcohol to take to a party or social occasion that you did not attend? Table 26: Other Female 149 % 17 83 0 100 Other Female 149 % 17 83 0 100 61 28 5 5 0 0 100 53 37 5 3 1 1 100 Male 52 % 2 1 100 5 0 44 47 Female 54 % 0 8 100 0 0 61 31 Maori 27** % 0 0 100 0 0 18 82 Pacific Island 3** % Parent Ethnicity 1 0 100 6 3 53 37 Other ethnic groups 76 % 0 0 100 0 0 90 10 Maori Male 8** % 0 11 100 0 0 48 41 Maori Female 19** % 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 0 100 0 0 25 75 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 100 5 6 60 29 Other Male 43 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) Ordinary strength beer Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) Wine or sparkling wine Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) Low alcohol beer Total Base = Total 106* % Parent Gender Q22. The last time you did this, what type of alcohol did you mainly give them? Table 28: 3 0 100 6 0 44 47 Other Female 33 % Male 52 % 40 25 33 2 0 100 Female 54 % 27 37 26 6 4 100 Maori 27** % 27 24 38 11 0 100 Pacific Island 3** % 18 0 28 0 54 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 76 % 35 31 29 3 1 100 Maori Male 8** % 38 21 31 10 0 100 Maori Female 19** % 22 26 41 11 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 0 100 0 0 100 Pacific Female 2** % 25 0 0 0 75 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 43 % 41 25 32 2 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 4 4 to 5 6 to 10 More than 10 Don't know Total Base = Total 106* % 34 30 30 4 2 100 Parent Gender Q23. And on that occasion, about how many drinks or servings of X did you give them? (UNCALIBRATED) Table 29: Other Female 33 % 28 39 25 5 3 100 69 17 11 2 0 2 0 73 19 8 1 0 1 0 Male 52 % 5 0 0 0 0 20 78 Female 54 % 3 0 0 0 0 52 50 Maori 27** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Island 3** % Parent Ethnicity 9 1 0 1 0 16 75 Other ethnic groups 76 % 10 0 0 0 0 62 38 Maori Male 8** % 0 0 0 0 0 48 56 Maori Female 19** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 1** % 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 2** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 11 2 0 2 0 15 71 Other Male 43 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents whose teenager drinks alcohol, and in the last six months have given their teenager alcohol to take to an event which the parent didn't attend. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Party with friends / schoolmates Family function (wedding / birthday party, etc) School function / Ball or afterBall Sports function Other Don’t know Refused Base = Total 106* % Parent Gender Q24. And what type(s) of party or social occasion was your teenager going to on that last occasion? Table 30: 5 0 0 0 0 17 80 Other Female 33 % 98 0 100 97 0 100 97 0 100 Female 230 % 1 1 1 Male 186 % 53 26 3 18 1 0 100 Female 230 % 59 25 3 11 1 1 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 57 25 3 14 1 0 100 Parent Gender Q26a. It is OK for my teenager to get drunk sometimes Table 32: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. $10-20 $21-30 More than $30 None/have not given money for alcohol Don't know Total Base = Male 186 % 2 0 0 Total 416 % 2 0 1 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 56 27 4 11 1 1 100 99 1 100 Maori 105 % 0 0 0 Pacific Island 24** % 48 31 0 18 3 0 100 Parent Ethnicity 91 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 9 0 0 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 57 25 3 15 1 0 100 97 0 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 1 1 Maori Male 40 % 69 18 2 9 2 0 100 98 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 0 0 Maori Female 65 % 46 34 7 12 0 2 100 99 1 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 0 100 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 0 Pacific Male 8** % 41 50 0 9 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 56 11 0 28 6 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 82 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 18 0 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q25. In the past 6 months, have you given your teenager any money specifically to buy alcohol to take to an event which you did not attend? Table 31: Other Male 138 % 52 26 3 19 0 0 100 98 0 100 Other Male 138 % 2 0 0 Other Female 149 % 61 24 2 11 1 0 100 97 0 100 Other Female 149 % 1 1 1 Male 186 % 43 31 2 19 1 3 100 Female 230 % 59 23 3 13 2 0 100 Male 186 % 20 61 1 9 7 1 100 Female 230 % 11 57 3 15 12 1 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 15 59 2 13 10 1 100 Parent Gender Q26c. Teenagers (under 18 years old) should not drink at all Table 34: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 52 26 2 16 2 1 100 Parent Gender Q26b. Getting drunk is part of having fun as a teenager Table 33: Maori 105 % 13 49 7 17 14 1 100 Maori 105 % 42 35 2 18 2 1 100 Pacific Island 24** % 3 54 0 15 28 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 24** % 56 28 3 11 3 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 15 60 2 12 9 1 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 53 25 2 16 2 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 11 57 0 23 9 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 47 35 0 15 3 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 15 42 12 12 18 1 100 Maori Female 65 % 39 35 3 21 1 1 100 Pacific Female 16** % 61 6 6 22 6 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 74 0 9 18 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 6 33 0 22 39 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 50 50 0 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 21 61 1 8 7 1 100 Other Male 138 % 43 30 2 20 1 4 100 Other Female 149 % 11 59 2 15 11 1 100 Other Female 149 % 61 22 3 12 2 0 100 Male 186 % 1 6 1 28 62 1 100 Female 230 % 3 5 1 31 58 1 100 Maori 105 % 4 3 0 33 57 2 100 Pacific Island 24** % 8 6 21 20 46 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 6 1 30 61 1 100 Male 186 % 1 5 1 27 66 0 100 Female 230 % 2 5 2 36 54 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 2 5 2 32 59 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 2 9 1 37 51 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 11 3 0 15 68 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 2 5 2 32 60 0 100 Q26e. I teach my teenager to drink responsibly by introducing alcohol in a controlled home environment Table 36: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 2 6 1 30 60 1 100 Parent Gender Q26d. I set a good example for my teenager through my own drinking behaviour Table 35: Maori Male 40 % 2 6 0 44 49 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 10 3 0 40 46 2 100 Maori Female 65 % 3 12 1 31 53 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 4 0 28 65 3 100 Pacific Female 16** % 17 11 0 22 50 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 0 9 91 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 22 6 0 22 44 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 41 18 41 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 1 5 1 26 67 0 100 Other Male 138 % 0 7 0 27 64 1 100 Other Female 149 % 2 4 2 37 54 0 100 Other Female 149 % 3 6 1 32 58 0 100 Male 186 % 3 6 1 62 29 0 100 Female 230 % 4 3 4 70 19 0 100 Maori 105 % 4 4 5 73 15 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 14 10 3 39 32 3 100 Parent Ethnicity Male 186 % 99 0 0 100 Female 230 % 97 1 2 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 98 1 1 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 99 0 1 100 Pacific Island 24** % 100 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Q27. Do you believe teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking? Table 38: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 3 4 3 66 23 0 100 Parent Gender Other ethnic groups 287 % 98 1 1 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 3 4 3 66 24 0 100 Q26f. It’s OK for teenagers to drink on special occasions (e.g. Christmas, family BBQs, weddings) Table 37: Maori Male 40 % 98 0 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 4 2 6 74 14 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 100 0 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 4 6 4 72 15 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 28 11 6 28 22 6 100 Pacific Male 8** % 100 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 100 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 0 9 0 50 41 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 100 0 0 100 Other Male 138 % 2 6 1 61 30 0 100 Other Female 149 % 97 1 2 100 Other Female 149 % 3 3 4 70 19 0 100 3 11 9 5 5 1 12 0 0 9 7 7 4 4 2 12 0 0 3 5 2 4 3 13 0 0 14 Female 225 % 92 43 34 15 15 12 8 8 2 6 1 7 0 0 12 Maori 104 % 89 55 26 21 15 9 0 11 0 6 8 8 0 0 0 Pacific Island 24** % 86 75 17 23 6 26 Parent Ethnicity 7 6 4 4 2 13 0 0 9 Other ethnic groups 281 % 93 37 34 15 12 11 14 11 0 4 0 6 0 0 7 Maori Male 39 % 90 64 30 29 16 13 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Myself / Parents / Guardians Whanau/extended family Teachers/schools Friends Any adult / all adults Parents of friends Other community organisation Other Government organisation Police The media The teen themselves Church Other Nobody Don’t know Base = Male 184 % 93 35 32 17 9 9 Total 409* % 92 39 33 16 12 11 Parent Gender Q28. Who are all the people you believe should play a role in this regard? UNPROMPTED Table 39: 3 6 3 7 2 7 0 0 15 Maori Female 65 % 88 49 22 15 14 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 8** % 100 82 0 24 0 24 0 22 0 11 17 17 0 0 0 Pacific Female 16** % 72 67 33 22 11 28 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 11 9 5 5 1 12 0 0 3 Other Male 137 % 94 31 33 15 9 9 3 5 3 4 3 13 0 0 14 Other Female 144 % 92 42 35 15 15 12 Talking to them about alcohol and their drinking Helping them learn how to handle alcohol responsibly in social settings Making sure I drink responsibly when with my teen/children Being a role model / setting a good example Limiting how much they drink Setting boundaries about where / how long they go out / who with Supervising them when they drink alcohol Making sure they are safe around alcohol Making sure I don’t drink when with my teen/children Making sure I don’t get drunk when with my teen/children Limiting the types of alcohol they drink Making sure they don’t drink alcohol Talking with other parents/adults who will be present Base = 48 33 23 18 10 10 11 5 5 7 3 0 0 34 21 16 12 12 12 6 4 4 3 3 1 Male 184 % 55 Total 409* % 1 6 3 2 3 8 13 14 15 15 20 34 61 Female 225 % Parent Gender 1 2 3 4 2 11 17 12 21 16 9 27 55 Maori 104 % 0 6 0 0 0 0 4 8 24 12 7 35 61 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 1 4 3 5 4 6 12 12 16 12 23 35 55 Other ethnic groups 281 % 0 0 3 5 2 10 20 5 24 15 10 35 54 Maori Male 39 % 1 3 4 3 3 11 14 17 19 18 7 21 56 Maori Female 65 % Q29. What role do you believe you have in helping your teen to make responsible decisions about drinking? UNPROMPTED Table 40: 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 18 9 41 50 Pacific Male 8** % 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 17 39 6 6 28 72 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 3 7 6 5 10 10 17 9 24 33 48 Other Male 137 % continued… 1 6 3 3 4 7 13 14 14 14 21 36 61 Other Female 144 % 0 1 0 1 0 1 Female 225 % 8 1 1 Maori 104 % 13 0 16 Pacific Island 24** % 0 Parent Ethnicity 0 1 Other ethnic groups 281 % 7 0 2 Maori Male 39 % 16 Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Other None / Don’t believe I have a role Don’t know Base = Male 184 % 7 Total 409* % 7 Parent Gender 2 1 Maori Female 65 % 10 Q29. What role do you believe you have in helping your teen to make responsible decisions about drinking? UNPROMPTED Table 40 (cont.): 0 32 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 0 Pacific Female 16** % 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 Other Male 137 % 6 0 1 Other Female 144 % 8 22 1 0 1 100 23 1 0 1 100 1 0 0 100 24 Female 223 % 74 2 1 0 100 25 Maori 102 % 72 6 4 0 100 46 Pacific Island 24** % 44 Parent Ethnicity 1 0 1 100 23 Other ethnic groups 281 % 75 6 0 0 100 23 Maori Male 39 % 71 0 1 0 100 26 Maori Female 63 % 73 0 9 0 100 65 Pacific Male 8** % 26 11 0 0 100 28 Pacific Female 16** % 61 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 0 2 100 21 Other Male 137 % 76 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who believe that teenagers need help to make responsible decisions about drinking, but don't believe they are responsible for helping their teenager. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. I am most responsible I am equally responsible, and other people are responsible too I have some responsibility, but someone else has more responsibility It's not my responsibility Don't know Total Base = Male 184 % 75 Total 407* % 74 Parent Gender Q30. How would you describe the importance of your role, compared to the role played by other people? Table 41: 1 0 0 100 24 Other Female 144 % 74 Drinking without adult supervision Drinking more than I think is good for them Being in places where drugs are also available Going to large parties Not coming home at the time I’ve told them Becoming more sexually vulnerable or sexually active Not telling me where they are going or who with Becoming verbally abusive or verbally abused Embarrassing themselves or their family Becoming involved in a violent or aggressive situation Not being able to meet family responsibilities Drink driving (as either the passenger or driver) Getting into trouble with the Police / the law Hurting themselves accidentally Long-term physical harm (e.g. brain/organ damage) Base = 26 24 18 19 18 16 17 13 12 9 8 11 8 8 6 23 19 18 17 15 15 11 11 9 9 8 7 7 6 Male 186 % 25 Total 416 % 5 6 6 6 9 8 10 9 13 14 15 20 17 23 23 Female 230 % Parent Gender Q33. Issues relating to your teenager and alcohol Table 42: 5 15 14 10 13 16 15 16 24 24 23 26 24 26 34 Maori 105 % 8 23 14 17 21 15 24 14 41 27 37 29 30 35 34 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 6 6 6 8 8 8 11 10 13 14 16 18 17 23 23 Other ethnic groups 287 % 3 13 17 16 14 16 19 24 34 30 26 28 25 20 43 Maori Male 40 % 7 17 11 6 12 17 11 9 16 19 22 25 23 30 28 Maori Female 65 % 0 18 0 0 9 9 9 0 26 9 18 9 26 9 18 Pacific Male 8** % 17 28 28 33 33 22 39 28 56 44 56 50 33 61 50 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 7 8 7 10 8 8 12 12 16 15 18 18 18 25 25 Other Male 138 % continued… 5 5 5 6 9 7 10 9 12 13 14 19 16 21 22 Other Female 149 % 7 6 100 6 5 100 Male 186 % 4 100 6 Female 230 % Male 186 % 49 51 100 Female 230 % 50 50 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Mentioned an issue Didn't mention an issue Total Base = Total 416 % 49 51 100 Parent Gender Q33. Net proportion of parents identifying at least one issue. Table 43: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Not being able to meet school or work commitments Not being able to meet sporting or cultural commitments Total Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender Q33. Issues relating to your teenager and alcohol Table 42 (cont.): Maori 105 % 59 41 100 7 100 15 Maori 105 % Pacific Island 24** % 69 31 100 Parent Ethnicity 13 100 25 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 48 52 100 5 100 5 Other ethnic groups 287 % Maori Male 40 % 65 35 100 6 100 18 Maori Male 40 % Maori Female 65 % 54 46 100 8 100 12 Maori Female 65 % 17 100 33 Pacific Female 16** % Pacific Male 8** % 44 56 100 Pacific Female 16** % 94 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 9 100 18 Pacific Male 8** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 48 52 100 6 100 5 Other Male 138 % Other Female 149 % 48 52 100 4 100 5 Other Female 149 % Male 186 % 51 15 14 20 100 Female 230 % 50 18 13 18 100 Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. None 1 2 to 3 4 and over Total Base = Total 416 % 51 17 13 19 100 Q33. Number of issues identified by parents Table 44: Maori 105 % 41 14 14 31 100 Pacific Island 24** % 31 7 21 40 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 52 17 13 18 100 Maori Male 40 % 35 14 14 36 100 Maori Female 65 % 46 14 13 27 100 Pacific Male 8** % 56 9 26 9 100 Pacific Female 16** % 6 6 17 72 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 52 15 14 19 100 Other Female 149 % 52 19 13 17 100 I make sure my teen knows I will pick them up any time if they need me I talk to my teenager about the kind of things that can go wrong in situations where alcohol is present When my teenager goes out, I know where he/she is going and who with I make sure I always have telephone contact with my child when they are out and alcohol is present My teenager and I agree on arrangements about transportation to and from an event before they go out I set clear rules for my teenager about alcohol use My teenager has to let me know when he or she is safely home at night I have discussions with my teenager about alcohol related issues, especially before/after events I ensure that my teenager has adult supervision in situations where alcohol is present Base = 93 96 93 90 91 86 85 75 75 94 94 89 89 87 83 79 75 Male 186 % 94 Total 416 % 75 83 81 88 86 88 96 92 96 Female 230 % Parent Gender 77 86 83 85 83 85 86 97 96 Maori 105 % 77 80 67 79 75 75 79 93 96 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 75 79 83 88 89 89 95 94 94 Other ethnic groups 287 % 71 82 80 80 83 86 80 100 94 Maori Male 40 % 81 90 85 88 83 84 90 95 97 Maori Female 65 % 82 82 68 91 82 68 91 91 91 Pacific Male 8** % 72 78 67 67 67 83 67 94 100 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 76 74 86 87 92 91 94 96 93 Other Male 138 % Q34 I’m now going to read out some statements about the steps that some parents take in regard to their teenager and alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether or not this is something you have done in the last three months? Table 45: continued… 74 82 81 89 87 88 97 92 95 Other Female 149 % 78 74 72 68 62 55 26 100 72 71 67 64 57 53 34 100 Male 186 % 40 100 51 53 61 62 68 68 Female 230 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. I pick my teen up from evening social functions which he/she has attended I set a curfew before my teenager goes out at night I talk to the parents of my teenager’s friends about events or parties they are going to I punish or ground my child in some way if they break their rules or curfew Before my teenager attends a party, I contact the parents or other adults hosting that party Before my teenager attends an event where alcohol will be present, I set a limit on how much my teenager can drink I make it a rule that my teen mustn’t drink alcohol when they go out Total Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 38 100 56 67 70 77 74 75 Maori 105 % 31 100 43 56 77 66 77 76 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 33 100 53 56 63 66 70 72 Other ethnic groups 287 % 29 100 50 70 78 76 78 69 Maori Male 40 % 46 100 61 65 64 79 71 80 Maori Female 65 % 18 100 59 74 82 82 82 91 Pacific Male 8** % 44 100 28 39 72 50 72 61 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 26 100 55 61 66 72 74 78 Other Male 138 % Q34 I’m now going to read out some statements about the steps that some parents take in regard to their teenager and alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether or not this is something you have done in the last three months? Table 45 (cont.): 39 100 51 52 60 61 68 67 Other Female 149 % Male 186 % 100 0 100 Female 230 % 100 0 100 Male 186 % 4 21 36 38 100 Female 230 % 5 26 26 42 100 Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. 5 or less 6 to 10 11 to 13 14 and over Total Base = Total 416 % 5 24 31 41 100 Q34. Number of strategies identified by parents Table 47: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Mentioned a strategy Didn't mention a strategy Total Base = Total 416 % 100 0 100 Parent Gender Q34. Net proportion of parents identifying at least one strategy Table 46: Maori 105 % 8 15 31 46 100 Maori 105 % 100 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 7 27 33 33 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 24** % 96 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 5 24 31 40 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 100 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 8 14 45 33 100 Maori Male 40 % 100 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 8 16 21 55 100 Maori Female 65 % 100 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 100 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 9 9 32 50 100 Pacific Female 16** % 6 44 33 17 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 91 9 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 4 22 36 39 100 Other Male 138 % 100 0 100 Other Female 149 % 5 26 27 42 100 Other Female 149 % 100 0 100 14 18 14 7 4 100 21 20 16 10 5 100 Male 186 % 6 100 12 17 23 26 Female 230 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. It’s hard to set rules because my teenager’s friends have parents who are more lenient I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but their other parent lets them break those rules I set rules for my teenager about alcohol but he/she breaks them It’s difficult to find information that might help me deal with my teenager and alcohol related issues I have difficulty approaching my teenager to talk to them about alcohol related issues Total Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 7 100 13 26 30 34 Maori 105 % 18 100 20 34 31 47 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 5 100 9 14 19 19 Other ethnic groups 287 % 10 100 11 31 28 38 Maori Male 40 % 6 100 15 22 32 30 Maori Female 65 % 9 100 18 18 18 32 Pacific Male 8** % 28 100 22 50 44 61 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 4 100 6 13 17 12 Other Male 138 % Q35 I’m now going to read out some statements about problems that some parents have encountered when dealing with their teenager in relation to alcohol. As I read out each statement, please say whether you or not you experience each problem with your own teen? Table 48: 6 100 11 16 21 25 Other Female 149 % Male 186 % 33 67 100 Female 230 % 39 61 100 Male 186 % 67 21 12 100 Female 230 % 61 17 22 100 Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. None 1 2 and over Total Base = Total 416 % 64 19 18 100 Q35. Number of barriers identified by parents Table 50: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Mentioned a barrier Didn't mention a barrier Total Base = Total 416 % 36 64 100 Parent Gender Q35. Net proportion of parents facing at least one barrier Table 49: Maori 105 % 53 19 28 100 Maori 105 % 47 53 100 Pacific Island 24** % 39 22 39 100 Parent Ethnicity Pacific Island 24** % 61 39 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 65 19 16 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 35 65 100 Maori Male 40 % 54 16 30 100 Maori Male 40 % 46 54 100 Maori Female 65 % 52 22 26 100 Maori Female 65 % 48 52 100 Pacific Female 16** % 72 28 100 Pacific Male 8** % 50 32 18 100 Pacific Female 16** % 28 11 61 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 8** % 50 50 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 68 21 11 100 Other Male 138 % 32 68 100 Other Female 149 % 63 16 21 100 Other Female 149 % 37 63 100 The school Doctors / medical professionals / community health providers AA The Police Citizens Advice Bureau Counsellors (school or general mention) ALAC (general mention) Extended family Friends My husband/wife/partner/ child’s other parent Youthline / Parentline / other helplines The Alcohol Helpline Other parents Personal Help Services (a section in the front of phone books) The church Internet resources ALAC web page Dare Relationship Services Books The marae Base = Male 186 % 20 23 18 15 10 11 10 10 8 11 4 8 3 1 3 3 2 2 2 0 1 Total 416 % 26 23 20 13 11 11 8 8 7 7 7 6 4 4 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 7 4 3 3 1 2 2 1 9 5 4 4 10 7 6 7 24 22 12 11 Female 230 % 31 Parent Gender 1 4 2 0 3 3 0 3 9 7 10 9 13 13 12 14 34 21 17 8 Maori 105 % 18 3 4 3 0 3 0 0 0 18 0 0 10 3 11 29 6 18 14 13 10 Pacific Island 24** % 3 Parent Ethnicity 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 7 6 3 7 11 8 7 7 22 20 13 11 Other ethnic groups 287 % 28 0 2 2 0 3 2 0 0 9 7 13 14 14 17 14 16 30 16 17 5 Maori Male 40 % 12 1 6 3 0 3 4 0 5 9 7 8 5 12 9 10 12 36 24 18 11 Maori Female 65 % 22 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 9 0 0 35 0 9 18 9 9 Pacific Male 8** % 0 6 0 6 0 6 0 0 0 28 0 0 11 6 22 22 11 28 11 17 11 Pacific Female 16** % 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q36. What people, organisations or resources do you know of that you could go to if you wanted to talk to someone about these issues? UNPROMPTED Table 51: 1 3 3 2 2 2 0 2 4 8 2 11 11 10 9 8 22 18 15 11 Other Male 138 % 21 continued… 7 4 3 3 1 1 2 1 9 5 3 4 10 6 5 6 22 22 12 11 Other Female 149 % 33 1 0 0 14 4 15 0 0 0 0 16 7 15 0 Male 186 % 1 0 0 13 2 14 0 Female 230 % Male 186 % 22 24 20 19 15 100 Female 230 % 17 30 21 20 13 100 Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. None One Two Three Four or more Total Base = Total 416 % 19 27 20 20 14 100 Q36 Count of resources aware of (collapsed) Table 52: Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Toughlove Parent Support Groups Barnardos Stopping Violence Others None Don’t know Refused Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender Maori 105 % 16 22 24 14 25 100 1 0 0 17 5 11 0 Maori 105 % Pacific Island 24** % 32 17 28 9 14 100 Parent Ethnicity 0 0 0 11 3 29 0 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 19 28 20 20 13 100 1 0 0 14 4 15 0 Other ethnic groups 287 % Maori Male 40 % 24 14 26 17 19 100 0 0 0 9 10 14 0 Maori Male 40 % Maori Female 65 % 10 27 22 11 29 100 1 0 0 23 2 8 0 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 0 22 6 11 0 Pacific Female 16** % Pacific Male 8** % 47 18 18 18 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 17 17 39 0 28 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 Pacific Male 8** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q36. What people, organisations or resources do you know of that you could go to if you wanted to talk to someone about these issues? UNPROMPTED Table 51 (cont.): Other Male 138 % 21 25 20 19 15 100 0 0 0 17 7 15 0 Other Male 138 % Other Female 149 % 17 31 20 21 11 100 1 0 0 12 2 15 0 Other Female 149 % Table 53 (cont.): Extended family Friends My husband/wife/partner/ child’s other parent The Police Doctors / medical professionals / community health providers The school Counsellors (school or general mention) Other parents Books Internet resources Stopping Violence The church The Alcohol Helpline Youthline / Parentline / other helplines Barnardos Citizens Advice Bureau Dare AA ALAC web page Personal Help Services (a section in the front of phone books) ALAC (general mention) Base = Male 145 % 4 4 8 4 2 2 4 1 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Total 338* % 6 5 5 5 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 1 4 3 3 5 Female 193 % 8 6 Parent Gender 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 2 0 1 0 10 8 4 8 Maori 91 % 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 4 0 4 8 Pacific Island 19** % 21 0 Parent Ethnicity 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 4 Other ethnic groups 228 % 6 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 9 7 5 Maori Male 33 % 9 11 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 1 0 15 7 2 9 Maori Female 58 % 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 6** % 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 7 0 7 13 Pacific Female 13** % 13 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 2 1 2 3 0 3 1 8 4 Other Male 106 % 3 3 Q37. Which people, organisations or resources have you actually accessed, used or talked to about your teenager and alcohol-related issues? UNPROMPTED Table 53: continued… 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Other Female 122 % 8 7 0 0 0 3 74 0 0 0 0 0 3 75 0 0 Male 145 % 1 1 0 3 74 1 0 Female 193 % 0 0 2 7 55 0 0 Maori 91 % 0 0 0 12 67 0 0 Pacific Island 19** % Parent Ethnicity 0 0 0 2 76 0 0 Other ethnic groups 228 % 0 0 0 7 55 0 0 Maori Male 33 % 0 0 3 6 55 0 0 Maori Female 58 % 0 0 0 0 67 0 0 Pacific Male 6** % 0 0 0 20 67 0 0 Pacific Female 13** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Toughlove Parent Support Groups Relationship Services The marae Others None Don’t know Refused Base = Total 338* % Parent Gender 0 0 0 2 77 0 0 Other Male 106 % Q37. Which people, organisations or resources have you actually accessed, used or talked to about your teenager and alcohol-related issues? UNPROMPTED 1 1 0 2 76 1 0 Other Female 122 % 21 4 100 23 5 100 25 5 100 Female 193 % 30 23 12 4 9 2 100 Maori 91 % 40 34 6 9 19 0 100 Pacific Island 19** % 33 29 8 11 Parent Ethnicity 25 5 100 Other ethnic groups 228 % 25 29 11 6 8 0 100 Maori Male 33 % 36 36 8 13 9 3 100 Maori Female 58 % 43 33 5 6 17 0 100 Pacific Male 6** % 33 33 0 17 20 0 100 Pacific Female 13** % 33 27 13 7 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. A lot A reasonable amount Not much / not enough None at all Don't need any information or resources at the moment Don't know Total Base = Male 145 % 21 37 7 9 Total 338* % 26 29 10 6 Parent Gender Q38. How much information and support do you feel you have to help you deal with your teenager and alcohol? Table 54: 22 5 100 Other Male 106 % 20 37 7 9 27 5 100 Other Female 122 % 29 22 13 4 17 11 6 1 13 10 44 14 11 8 2 19 6 44 Male 75 % 9 4 24 2 43 10 12 Female 89 % 8 6 13 7 41 18 8 Maori 47 % 30 0 27 0 34 0 9 Pacific Island 10** % Parent Ethnicity 7 2 19 6 44 10 15 Other ethnic groups 107 % 10 0 17 4 40 23 7 Maori Male 18** % 7 12 9 9 42 14 9 Maori Female 29** % 33 0 67 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 3** % 29 0 0 0 57 0 14 Pacific Female 7** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 6 1 12 11 45 11 18 Other Male 54 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who identified people, organisations or resources that they could talk to about teenagers and alcohol-related issues, and felt they could do with more information. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. More education / information in schools More use of media / advertising Brochures / parenting tips / info for parents More internet resources Other None Don’t know Base = Total 164* % Parent Gender Q39. What other information or resources would be helpful? Table 55: 9 3 27 1 43 9 12 Other Female 53 % 61 38 18 22 12 6 6 58 40 19 18 12 5 7 Male 186 % 13 4 9 20 15 55 42 Female 230 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Minimum purchase age (of 18 years) Minimum drinking age Laws about who can supply alcohol to minors Drink driving laws Laws about drinking in public places Other Don't know Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 14 2 15 14 13 50 41 Maori 105 % Q40. As far as you know, what law or laws relate to teenagers and alcohol? Table 56: 28 0 3 8 6 68 43 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 12 5 7 19 18 58 40 Other ethnic groups 287 % 11 0 10 13 15 46 51 Maori Male 40 % 17 4 19 15 11 53 33 Maori Female 65 % 18 0 0 0 0 59 59 Pacific Male 8** % 39 0 6 17 11 78 28 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 11 6 5 19 23 62 36 Other Male 138 % 12 4 8 20 15 55 43 Other Female 149 % Male 65 % 6 1 2 0 74 0 0 3 6 8 100 Female 82 % 0 1 2 1 78 1 5 1 3 9 100 Maori 39 % 0 4 10 0 76 0 2 0 2 6 100 Pacific Island 9** % 0 0 0 0 93 0 0 0 0 7 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 99 % 3 1 1 1 76 1 3 2 4 9 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified the minimum drinking age as relating to teenagers and alcohol. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Younger than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Can drink at any age Don't know Total Base = Total 147* % 2 1 2 1 76 1 3 2 4 9 100 Parent Gender Maori Male 19** % 0 0 11 0 83 0 3 0 3 0 100 Maori Female 20** % 0 11 7 0 68 0 0 0 0 14 100 Q41. As far as you know, what is the minimum age that a person can legally drink alcohol in New Zealand at the moment? Table 57: Pacific Male 4** % 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 5** % 0 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 20 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 42 % 7 2 0 0 71 0 0 3 7 10 100 Other Female 57 % 0 0 1 1 78 1 6 1 3 8 100 70 100 67 100 64 100 Female 230 % 0 0 1 0 28 0 2 1 3 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Younger than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Can drink at any age Don't know No mention of the minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 186 % 2 0 0 0 22 0 0 3 3 Total 416 % 1 0 1 0 26 0 1 2 3 Parent Gender 64 100 Maori 105 % 0 2 3 0 28 0 1 1 2 61 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 3 Parent Ethnicity 67 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 1 0 0 0 25 0 1 2 3 50 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 0 6 0 41 0 2 2 0 74 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 3 2 0 18 0 0 0 4 50 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 72 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 72 100 Other Male 138 % 2 0 0 0 20 0 0 3 3 Q41. As far as you know, what is the minimum age that a person can legally drink alcohol in New Zealand at the moment? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 58: 63 100 Other Female 149 % 0 0 0 0 29 0 2 1 3 Male 186 % 1 94 0 2 2 0 100 Female 230 % 1 92 0 4 1 2 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 18 years 18 years 19 years 20 years Over 20 years Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 1 93 0 3 2 1 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 1 88 2 5 2 2 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 65 0 19 11 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 1 94 0 3 1 1 100 Q42. Do you know how old people need to be before they can legally buy alcohol in New Zealand? Table 59: Maori Male 40 % 0 80 4 8 4 4 100 Maori Female 65 % 1 93 0 4 1 1 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 59 0 32 0 9 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 72 0 6 22 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 1 96 0 1 2 0 100 Other Female 149 % 1 92 0 4 1 2 100 0 1 0 100 0 1 0 100 0 1 0 100 Female 230 % 0 1 48 1 50 0 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Should be legal at any age 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Should be illegal for any teenager Don’t know Refused Total Base = Male 186 % 0 0 48 2 49 0 Total 416 % 0 1 48 1 49 0 Parent Gender 0 1 1 100 Maori 105 % 2 0 38 2 55 1 0 0 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 0 46 0 54 0 Parent Ethnicity Q43. And at what age do you believe it should be legal for a teenager to buy their own alcohol? Table 60: 0 1 0 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 0 1 49 1 49 0 0 0 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 4 0 47 0 47 0 0 1 1 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 0 32 3 62 2 0 0 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 59 0 41 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 33 0 67 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 1 0 100 Other Male 138 % 0 0 48 2 49 0 0 0 0 100 Other Female 149 % 0 1 49 0 48 0 63 11 1 1 6 10 8 20 62 11 1 1 10 7 9 19 Male 186 % 11 17 13 5 1 1 11 60 Female 230 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. When it is given to them by their parent or legal guardian When it is given to them at a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) If it is given to them by an older family member If it is given to them by an adult In a restaurant or cafe‚ where there is food Other None/There are no exceptions to the law Don't know Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 14 22 4 4 1 4 17 53 Maori 105 % 28 15 15 3 0 0 23 49 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 9 18 10 8 0 1 10 63 Other ethnic groups 287 % 3 30 9 8 2 7 13 50 Maori Male 40 % Q44. And do you know if there are any situations where under 18 years olds can be legally given alcohol to drink? Table 61: 21 17 1 0 1 1 20 55 Maori Female 65 % 18 9 24 0 0 0 41 65 Pacific Male 8** % 39 22 6 6 0 0 6 33 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 8 19 5 10 0 0 10 65 Other Male 138 % 9 17 14 6 0 1 10 61 Other Female 149 % 66 34 100 65 35 100 Male 186 % 35 100 65 Female 230 % 41 100 59 Maori 105 % 44 100 56 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 34 100 66 Other ethnic groups 287 % 44 100 56 Maori Male 40 % Male 186 % 56 39 5 100 Female 230 % 56 34 10 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 56 37 8 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 58 36 6 100 Pacific Island 24** % 61 32 7 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 55 37 8 100 Maori Male 40 % 61 34 5 100 Maori Female 65 % 56 37 7 100 38 100 62 Maori Female 65 % Q45. In your opinion, should New Zealand laws be changed to help parents/guardians control their teenagers’ drinking? Table 63: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Mentioned a correct exception Didn't mention a correct exception Total Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender Q44 And do you know if there are any situations where under 18 years olds can be legally given alcohol to drink? Table 62: 61 100 39 Pacific Female 16** % Pacific Male 8** % 50 41 9 100 Pacific Female 16** % 72 22 6 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 26 100 74 Pacific Male 8** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 55 40 5 100 33 100 67 Other Male 138 % Other Female 149 % 55 34 10 100 35 100 65 Other Female 149 % 29 24 17 13 12 8 5 3 4 2 0 0 11 0 0 29 19 18 17 11 6 5 3 3 2 0 0 11 0 1 Male 102 % 20 10 5 5 4 2 3 0 0 12 0 1 19 14 29 Female 133 % 14 10 5 4 6 5 5 0 0 16 0 1 24 30 37 Maori 61 % 9 5 19 23 0 19 0 0 0 9 0 0 51 33 21 Pacific Island 17** % Parent Ethnicity 17 11 6 5 3 2 2 0 0 11 0 0 17 17 28 Other ethnic groups 157 % 12 16 3 9 14 7 0 0 0 9 0 0 30 37 30 Maori Male 23** % 15 5 7 0 0 3 10 0 0 22 0 2 18 25 43 Maori Female 38 % 0 0 47 35 0 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 47 18 Pacific Male 4** % 15 8 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 54 23 23 Pacific Female 13** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified whether or not that New Zealand laws should be changed to help control their teenager's drinking. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Teens are allowed to drink too young Legal purchase age too low (at 18 years) Parents need more support / control Need (stronger) consequences for underage drinking Access to alcohol is too easy Out of control/binge drinking Causes violence/crime Drink driving It’s the parent’s responsibility Need education not laws Current laws are fine Law changes won’t work Other No particular reason Don’t know Base = Total 235* % Parent Gender Q46. For what reasons do you believe that? (PARENTS IN FAVOUR OF LAW CHANGE) Table 64: 13 12 8 4 2 3 2 0 0 11 0 0 15 22 29 Other Male 75 % 21 11 4 5 5 2 3 0 0 11 0 1 19 13 28 Other Female 82 % 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 18 1 0 0 0 14 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 5 Female 77 % 49 24 15 6 0 0 21 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 Maori 36 % 46 19 18 7 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 Pacific Island 5** % 9 14 37 0 Parent Ethnicity 0 0 18 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 3 Other ethnic groups 108 % 42 19 17 11 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maori Male 14** % 45 21 33 0 0 0 23 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 Maori Female 22** % 47 17 8 13 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pacific Male 3** % 0 21 57 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 0 Pacific Female 2** % 25 0 0 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents that identified whether or not that New Zealand laws should be changed to help control their teenager's drinking. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. It’s the parent’s responsibility Law changes won’t work Need education not laws Current laws are fine Legal purchase age too low (at 18 years) Parents need more support / control Teens are allowed to drink too young Access to alcohol is too easy Causes violence/crime Drink driving Need (stronger) consequences for underage drinking Out of control/binge drinking Other No particular reason Don’t know Base = Male 72 % 34 13 19 16 Total 149* % 42 19 17 11 Parent Gender Q46. For what reasons do you believe that? (PARENTS AGAINST LAW CHANGE) Table 65: 0 0 23 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 Other Male 55 % 34 12 18 18 0 0 13 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 4 Other Female 53 % 50 25 16 5 38 2 100 30 6 100 23 8 100 Female 230 % 3 3 10 3 28 0 18 5 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 15 years 15 years 16 years 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years or older Other Should not be a minimum drinking age Don't know Total Base = Male 186 % 7 5 11 2 14 0 13 7 Total 416 % 5 4 10 2 22 0 16 6 Parent Gender 18 8 100 Maori 105 % 6 5 11 2 31 0 14 5 25 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 16 7 0 17 0 29 3 Parent Ethnicity 31 5 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 5 4 10 2 21 0 16 6 26 4 100 Maori Male 40 % 8 6 7 3 32 0 11 3 13 10 100 Maori Female 65 % 4 5 13 2 31 0 16 7 32 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 32 9 0 18 0 9 0 17 6 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 0 6 0 17 0 50 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 39 2 100 Other Male 138 % 7 4 12 2 12 0 13 7 Q47. Although there is currently a minimum purchasing age, there is no legal drinking age. Do you believe there should be, and if so, what age should this be? Table 66: 24 8 100 Other Female 149 % 3 3 9 3 28 0 18 4 Male 186 % 59 41 100 Female 230 % 69 31 100 Maori 105 % 74 26 100 Pacific Island 24** % 73 27 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 64 36 100 Maori Male 40 % 70 30 100 Maori Female 65 % 77 23 100 Pacific Male 8** % 68 32 100 Pacific Female 16** % 78 22 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 58 42 100 Male 105 % 64 33 3 100 Female 151 % 76 21 3 100 Maori 72 % 66 31 2 100 Pacific Island 19** % 74 22 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt that there should be a minimum drinking age. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 256* % 71 26 3 100 Parent Gender Other ethnic groups 165 % 72 25 3 100 Maori Male 27** % 51 49 0 100 Maori Female 45 % 77 19 4 100 Pacific Male 6** % 87 13 0 100 Pacific Female 13** % 62 31 8 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 72 % 65 32 3 100 Q48. If there were to be exceptions, would it be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if the alcohol was given to them by their parent or legal guardian? Table 68: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Mentioned an age Didn't mention an age Total Base = Total 416 % 65 35 100 Parent Gender Q47. Net proportion of parents who support the introduction of a minimum drinking age Table 67: Other Female 93 % 76 21 3 100 Other Female 149 % 68 32 100 47 100 41 100 36 100 Female 230 % 49 13 2 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Don't support minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 186 % 34 17 1 Total 416 % 42 15 2 Parent Gender 31 100 Maori 105 % 46 22 2 30 100 Pacific Island 24** % 52 15 3 Parent Ethnicity 42 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 42 15 2 33 100 Maori Male 40 % 34 33 0 30 100 Maori Female 65 % 54 13 3 32 100 Pacific Male 8** % 59 9 0 28 100 Pacific Female 16** % 44 22 6 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 49 100 Other Male 138 % 33 16 2 Q48. If there were to be exceptions, would it be OK for someone younger than [your stated minimum drinking age] to drink alcohol if the alcohol was given to them by their parent or legal guardian? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 69: 36 100 Other Female 149 % 48 13 2 41 20 19 7 7 55 1 40 25 18 9 8 54 1 Male 105 % 9 9 52 1 28 17 39 Female 151 % 9 10 55 0 22 25 39 Maori 72 % 0 17 43 0 31 45 57 Pacific Island 19** % Parent Ethnicity Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt that there should be a minimum drinking age. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. By an older family member (e.g. aunt, uncle, kaumatua) At a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) By older brothers or sisters By an adult who was not a family member At a sports club None / no exceptions Don't know Base = Total 256* % Parent Gender 9 7 54 1 25 17 40 Other ethnic groups 165 % 7 11 70 0 9 22 28 Maori Male 27** % 11 9 44 0 31 27 47 Maori Female 45 % 0 26 39 0 48 61 61 Pacific Male 6** % 0 8 46 0 15 31 54 Pacific Female 13** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q49. And if their parent or guardian was not around, would it still be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if it was given to them…? Table 70: 8 6 54 1 21 17 42 Other Male 72 % 9 9 53 1 28 16 38 Other Female 93 % 22 11 10 4 4 29 0 47 24 15 11 5 5 32 0 41 Male 186 % 6 38 0 31 36 15 17 7 27 Maori 105 % 6 34 0 18 11 6 25 Female 230 % Total may exceed 100% because of multiple response. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. By an older family member (e.g. aunt, uncle, kaumatua) At a private function (e.g. a wedding, 21st birthday party) By older brothers or sisters At a sports club By an adult who was not a family member None / no exceptions Don't know Don't support minimum drinking age Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 30 0 30 0 22 32 12 40 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 42 5 31 0 14 10 4 23 Other ethnic groups 287 % 33 5 47 0 6 15 8 19 Maori Male 40 % 30 7 31 0 21 19 7 33 Maori Female 65 % 32 0 26 0 32 41 18 41 Pacific Male 8** % 28 0 33 0 11 22 6 39 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 49 4 28 0 11 9 3 21 Other Male 138 % Q49. And if their parent or guardian was not around, would it still be OK for someone younger than X to drink alcohol if it was given to them…? (REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 71: 36 6 34 0 18 10 5 24 Other Female 149 % 53 100 52 100 51 100 Female 151 % 46 2 1 55 100 Maori 72 % 40 3 2 43 100 Pacific Island 19** % 53 4 0 Parent Ethnicity 52 100 Other ethnic groups 165 % 46 2 0 70 100 Maori Male 27** % 26 5 0 44 100 Maori Female 45 % 51 1 4 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt there should be some exceptions for teenagers to drink alcohol if the parent wasn't there. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Don't support non-parental supply Total Base = Male 105 % 45 2 0 Total 256* % 45 2 1 Parent Gender 39 100 Pacific Male 6** % 61 0 0 46 100 Pacific Female 13** % 46 8 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 51 100 Other Male 72 % 47 2 0 Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (REBASED TO ALL PARENTS WHO STATED MINIMUM DRINKING AGE) Table 72: 52 100 Other Female 93 % 45 2 1 Male 70 % 92 8 0 100 Female 66 % 89 5 6 100 Maori 26** % 100 0 0 100 Pacific Island 4** % 70 30 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 106 % 90 7 3 100 Maori Male 11** % 100 0 0 100 Maori Female 15** % 100 0 0 100 Pacific Male 2** % 100 0 0 100 Pacific Female 2** % 25 75 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 57 % 91 9 0 100 59 100 65 100 69 100 Female 230 % 28 2 2 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Support minimum drinking age Total Base = Male 186 % 37 3 0 Total 416 % 32 2 1 Parent Gender 74 100 Maori 105 % 26 0 0 73 100 Pacific Island 24** % 19 8 0 Parent Ethnicity 64 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 33 2 1 70 100 Maori Male 40 % 30 0 0 77 100 Maori Female 65 % 23 0 0 68 100 Pacific Male 8** % 32 0 0 78 100 Pacific Female 16** % 6 17 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 58 100 Other Male 138 % 38 4 0 Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (PARENTS AGAINST MINIMUM DRINKING AGE - REBASED TO ALL PARENTS) Table 74: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who felt there should be some exceptions for teenagers to drink alcohol if the parent wasn't there. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 136* % 91 7 3 100 Parent Gender Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (PARENTS AGAINST MINIMUM DRINKING AGE) Table 73: 68 100 Other Female 149 % 29 1 2 Other Female 49 % 89 4 6 100 28 100 31 100 33 100 Female 230 % 62 3 2 38 100 Maori 105 % 58 2 2 30 100 Pacific Island 24** % 59 11 0 Parent Ethnicity Male 186 % 59 36 1 4 0 0 100 Female 230 % 66 27 0 7 0 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. A light drinker A medium drinker A heavy drinker Non-drinker Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 416 % 63 31 0 5 0 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 57 31 0 12 0 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 6 54 4 34 3 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Q51. How would you describe your own drinking behaviour? Would you say you are…? Table 76: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Don't support non-parental supply Total Base = Male 186 % 67 4 0 Total 416 % 64 4 2 Parent Gender Other ethnic groups 287 % 65 30 0 4 0 0 100 30 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 65 4 2 Maori Male 40 % 60 36 0 4 0 0 100 47 100 Maori Male 40 % 50 3 0 Maori Female 65 % 54 28 0 18 0 0 100 31 100 Maori Female 65 % 64 2 3 33 100 Pacific Female 16** % 44 22 0 Pacific Male 8** % 0 74 9 18 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 11 33 0 50 6 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 26 100 Pacific Male 8** % 74 0 0 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 60 35 1 3 0 0 100 26 100 Other Male 138 % 69 5 0 Q50. Do you think parental or guardian consent should be required before someone else supplies alcohol to a teenager in this way? (PARENTS OVERALL REBASED TO TOTAL SAMPLE) Table 75: Other Female 149 % 68 27 0 5 0 0 100 33 100 Other Female 149 % 62 3 2 Male 176 % 27 41 12 10 6 4 0 100 Female 201 % 15 29 20 10 12 13 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Almost everyday About twice a week About once a week About once every two weeks About once a month Only a few times a year Refused Total Base = Total 377* % 20 35 16 10 10 9 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 93 % 6 22 21 12 20 19 0 100 Q52. At present, about how often do you have an alcoholic drink of any kind? Table 77: Pacific Island 13** % 0 42 29 21 4 4 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 271 % 22 36 16 9 9 8 0 100 Maori Male 39 % 11 25 28 7 17 12 0 100 Maori Female 54 % 2 19 15 16 23 25 0 100 Pacific Male 6** % 0 61 39 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 7** % 0 11 11 56 11 11 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 131 % 29 42 10 10 6 4 0 100 Other Female 140 % 16 30 20 9 11 12 0 100 Male 176 % 89 11 0 0 100 Female 201 % 61 39 0 0 100 Maori 93 % 86 13 1 0 100 Pacific Island 13** % 92 8 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 271 % 72 27 0 0 100 Male 160 % 24 76 0 100 Female 127 % 19 80 0 100 Maori 79 % 27 72 1 100 Pacific Island 11** % 58 42 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 197 % 21 79 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers, and have drunk more than seven drinks on one occasion. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Total Base = Total 287* % 22 78 0 100 Parent Gender Q54. And have you drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion any time in the last two weeks? Table 79: Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 377* % 74 26 0 0 100 Parent Gender Q53. Have you ever drunk seven or more drinks on one occasion? Table 78: Maori Male 38 % 32 68 0 100 Maori Male 39 % 96 4 0 0 100 Maori Female 41 % 22 77 1 100 Maori Female 54 % 78 20 1 0 100 Pacific Female 7** % 78 22 0 0 100 Pacific Male 6** % 71 29 0 100 Pacific Female 5** % 29 71 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Pacific Male 6** % 100 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 116 % 22 78 0 100 Other Male 131 % 88 12 0 0 100 Other Female 81 % 19 81 0 100 Other Female 140 % 59 40 0 0 100 8 1 4 0 1 1 1 0 100 10 7 3 1 1 0 1 0 100 0 0 0 100 2 1 11 2 11 Female 201 % 59 12 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Wine or sparkling wine Ordinary strength beer Full strength spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Jim Beam, Smirnoff, Gin, 42 Below, Jack Daniels) RTDs (“Ready to Drinks” e.g. Archers, KGB, Vodka Cruiser, Tattoos, Smirnoff Ice, Woodstock & Cola) Low alcohol beer Low alcohol spirits mixed or straight (e.g. Mississippi Moonshine, Kristov/Moscow Light vodka, Kentucky Gold) Liqueurs (e.g. Baileys) Extra strength beer (e.g. Elephant Beer, Duvel, Chimay) Other Don’t know Total Base = Male 176 % 22 61 Total 377* % 43 35 Parent Gender 1 0 0 100 3 1 7 3 10 Maori 93 % 32 43 0 0 0 100 0 4 8 0 7 Pacific Island 13** % 13 68 Parent Ethnicity Q55. Thinking about the last occasion you drank alcohol, what did you mainly drink? Table 80: 0 1 0 100 1 1 7 3 10 Other ethnic groups 271 % 44 33 0 0 0 100 2 0 2 7 9 Maori Male 39 % 12 68 1 0 0 100 3 1 12 0 10 Maori Female 54 % 50 22 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 11 Pacific Male 6** % 0 89 0 0 0 100 0 11 22 0 0 Pacific Female 7** % 33 33 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 1 2 0 100 0 1 1 4 7 Other Male 131 % 24 60 0 0 0 100 1 1 11 2 12 Other Female 140 % 61 11 Male 176 % 21 36 25 12 5 1 0 100 Female 200 % 33 46 11 8 0 1 2 100 Maori 93 % 24 30 19 19 5 2 1 100 Pacific Island 13** % 4 21 22 11 13 25 4 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 270 % 28 43 17 9 2 1 1 100 Maori Male 39 % 27 17 24 21 9 3 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are drinkers, and could identify what they mainly drank on the last occasion. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Less than 2 2 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 10 More than 10 Undefined Don't know Total Base = Total 376* % 27 41 17 10 2 1 1 100 Parent Gender Q56. And on the last occasion, how many drinks of X did you have? UNCALIBRATED Table 81: Maori Female 54 % 22 42 15 17 1 1 2 100 Pacific Male 6** % 0 0 29 11 21 39 0 100 Pacific Female 7** % 11 56 11 11 0 0 11 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 131 % 21 38 25 11 4 0 0 100 Other Female 139 % 34 46 10 7 0 1 2 100 20 34 33 3 11 0 100 28 32 27 2 10 1 100 Male 186 % 32 23 1 9 1 100 34 Female 230 % Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. NCEA, School Certificate, or other secondary school qualification Polytechnic qualification or Trade Certificate, or Bachelors degree or higher Other None / No qualifications Refused Total Base = Total 416 % Parent Gender 36 20 1 17 0 100 26 Maori 105 % 48 11 0 6 0 100 35 Pacific Island 24** % Parent Ethnicity 32 28 2 9 1 100 28 Other ethnic groups 287 % Q57. Thinking about your education, which of these best describes your highest educational qualification? Table 82: 27 21 2 20 0 100 30 Maori Male 40 % 42 20 1 15 0 100 22 Maori Female 65 % 74 0 0 0 0 100 26 Pacific Male 8** % 22 22 0 11 0 100 44 Pacific Female 16** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 33 34 4 10 0 100 19 Other Male 138 % 31 23 1 8 1 100 35 Other Female 149 % Male 186 % 26 67 4 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 100 Total 416 % 19 54 19 1 5 0 0 1 0 0 100 31 1 9 0 0 3 0 0 100 43 Female 230 % 13 Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Self-employed Full time salary or wage earner Part-time salary or wage earner (less than 30 hrs/week) Retired Full-time home-maker Student Unemployed Other beneficiary Other Refused Total Base = Q58. At present, are you ...? Table 83: 16 1 5 2 2 2 1 0 100 58 Maori 105 % 13 0 4 15 0 0 3 0 0 100 70 Pacific Island 24** % 8 Parent Ethnicity 19 1 5 0 0 1 0 0 100 53 Other ethnic groups 287 % 20 4 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 100 75 Maori Male 40 % 14 25 1 7 3 3 3 0 0 100 46 Maori Female 65 % 12 0 9 24 0 0 0 0 0 100 68 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 0 6 0 0 6 0 0 100 72 Pacific Female 16** % 17 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 66 Other Male 138 % 28 32 1 9 0 0 2 0 0 100 42 Other Female 149 % 13 14 7 21 19 14 13 3 3 0 6 1 100 24 19 14 13 10 9 4 2 0 5 0 100 Male 137 % 1 4 0 100 7 4 1 6 9 8 32 29 Female 171 % Parent Gender Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. *Sub-sample based on those respondents who are currently working. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Teacher, nurse, police, other trained service worker Clerical or sales employee Business manager or executive Technical or skilled worker Labourer, manual, agricultural or domestic worker Professional or senior government official Semi-skilled worker Farmer owner or manager Business owner or selfemployed Other Refused Total Base = Total 308* % Q59. And what is your current occupation? Table 84: 0 1 0 100 4 5 0 14 12 7 40 16 Maori 80 % 0 6 0 100 16 10 0 16 17 7 15 13 Pacific Island 18** % Parent Ethnicity 0 6 0 100 10 3 2 9 14 13 23 19 Other ethnic groups 210 % 0 0 0 100 4 9 0 23 19 13 31 2 Maori Male 31 % 0 3 0 100 4 3 0 6 5 3 48 29 Maori Female 49 % 0 11 0 100 31 11 0 23 11 0 0 11 Pacific Male 7** % 0 0 0 100 0 8 0 8 23 15 31 15 Pacific Female 11** % Parent Ethnicity & Gender 0 7 1 100 13 2 3 13 21 21 12 7 Other Male 99 % 1 5 0 100 7 5 1 6 9 8 30 29 Other Female 111 % 10 1 0 100 14 2 0 100 17 3 0 100 Female 230 % 79 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Married/living with partner Separated, divorced, widowed Never Married Refused Total Base = Male 186 % 88 Total 416 % 83 Parent Gender Q61. And which of these categories best describes you? Table 85: 12 9 0 100 Maori 105 % 80 27 18 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 54 Parent Ethnicity 14 2 0 100 Other ethnic groups 287 % 84 10 6 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 85 13 11 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 76 32 9 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 59 22 28 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 50 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 10 1 0 100 Other Male 138 % 89 17 2 0 100 Other Female 149 % 80 1 2 9 16 17 12 9 8 4 20 0 2 100 7 9 15 13 13 9 4 4 2 11 2 2 100 1 3 4 2 100 1 1 7 10 11 20 15 13 Female 230 % 12 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Under $10,000 $10,000 but less than $20,000 $20,000 but less than $30,000 $30,000 but less than $40,000 $40,000 but less than $50,000 $50,000 but less than $60,000 $60,000 but less than $70,000 $70,000 but less than $80,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $90,000 but less than $100,000 $100,000 or more Don't know Refused Total Base = Male 186 % 0 Total 416 % 7 Parent Gender 1 8 2 2 100 2 4 7 12 11 20 14 11 Maori 105 % 7 Q60. And which of these best describes your personal income before tax? Table 86: 4 8 0 0 100 0 0 0 20 21 15 22 3 Pacific Island 24** % 6 Parent Ethnicity 3 11 2 2 100 5 5 10 13 13 15 9 7 Other ethnic groups 287 % 7 0 17 0 4 100 5 9 13 23 10 16 0 2 Maori Male 40 % 3 1 1 3 1 100 0 1 2 5 12 22 24 19 Maori Female 65 % 9 9 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 24 26 9 32 0 Pacific Male 8** % 0 0 17 0 0 100 0 0 0 17 17 22 11 6 Pacific Female 16** % 11 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 4 20 0 2 100 8 9 13 16 17 8 2 0 Other Male 138 % 0 1 3 4 2 100 1 1 7 11 10 20 14 12 Other Female 149 % 12 Male 186 % 3 54 40 0 2 100 Female 230 % 40 48 7 4 2 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. $0 to $29,999 $30,000 to $69,999 $70,000 and over Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 416 % 23 51 22 2 2 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 32 50 15 2 2 100 Q60. And which of these best describes your personal income before tax? Table 87: Pacific Island 24** % 30 57 13 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 22 51 23 2 2 100 Maori Male 40 % 5 61 30 0 4 100 Maori Female 65 % 52 41 3 3 1 100 Pacific Male 8** % 32 59 9 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 28 56 17 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 2 54 42 0 2 100 Other Female 149 % 39 48 7 4 2 100 0 1 2 7 9 10 8 12 7 41 1 2 100 3 3 3 7 9 12 7 8 8 33 3 2 100 9 28 5 3 100 6 7 14 9 7 3 4 5 Female 230 % 1 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Under $10,000 $10,000 but less than $20,000 $20,000 but less than $30,000 $30,000 but less than $40,000 $40,000 but less than $50,000 $50,000 but less than $60,000 $60,000 but less than $70,000 $70,000 but less than $80,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $80,000 but less than $90,000 $100,000 or more Don’t know Refused Total Base = Male 186 % 0 Total 416 % 1 Parent Gender 4 23 2 3 100 13 9 9 10 8 10 4 4 Maori 105 % 0 7 21 3 0 100 16 10 3 0 10 7 15 3 Pacific Island 24** % 6 Parent Ethnicity 8 35 3 2 100 8 7 13 9 7 2 2 3 Other ethnic groups 287 % 1 Q60/62. And which of these best describes the joint income of yourself and your partner before tax? Table 88: 4 33 4 4 100 14 9 7 6 10 9 0 0 Maori Male 40 % 0 5 15 1 2 100 12 8 11 13 7 11 7 7 Maori Female 65 % 0 9 9 0 0 100 32 9 0 0 9 9 24 0 Pacific Male 8** % 0 6 33 6 0 100 0 11 6 0 11 6 6 6 Pacific Female 16** % 11 Parent Ethnicity & Gender 7 42 0 2 100 11 8 11 10 7 1 0 0 Other Male 138 % 0 9 29 5 3 100 6 6 14 8 7 2 4 5 Other Female 149 % 1 Male 186 % 10 28 59 1 2 100 Female 230 % 21 29 42 5 3 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. $0 to $49,999 $50,000 to $79,999 $80,000 and over Don't know Refused Total Base = Total 416 % 16 29 50 3 2 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 27 28 40 2 3 100 Pacific Island 24** % 40 13 44 3 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 15 29 51 3 2 100 Q60/62. And which of these best describes the joint income of yourself and your partner before tax? Table 89: Maori Male 40 % 18 22 51 4 4 100 Maori Female 65 % 33 33 32 1 2 100 Pacific Male 8** % 41 9 50 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 39 17 39 6 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 9 29 60 0 2 100 Other Female 149 % 20 29 43 5 3 100 Male 186 % 2 17 12 9 0 6 4 7 16 1 2 1 0 15 5 4 0 100 Female 230 % 0 23 4 7 3 5 5 8 10 2 2 2 1 19 4 4 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Northland Auckland Waikato Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Taranaki Manawatu-Wanganui Wellington-Wairarapa Tasman Nelson Marlborough West Coast Canterbury Otago Southland Don't know Total Base = Total 416 % 1 21 8 8 2 5 4 8 13 1 2 2 0 17 4 4 0 100 Parent Gender Q63. And lastly, in which of the following areas do you live? Table 90: Maori 105 % 0 3 2 14 6 9 9 10 15 1 0 2 1 17 9 1 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 0 86 0 4 0 0 0 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 1 21 8 7 1 5 4 7 13 2 2 2 0 18 4 4 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 0 6 2 13 3 8 5 13 23 0 0 4 2 19 4 0 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 0 1 3 15 8 9 13 8 9 1 0 0 1 16 13 2 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 0 82 0 9 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 0 89 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Other Male 138 % 2 17 13 8 0 5 4 7 16 1 2 0 0 15 5 4 0 100 Other Female 149 % 0 25 5 6 2 4 4 8 10 2 3 3 0 20 3 4 0 100 Male 186 % 15 84 0 100 Female 230 % 21 79 0 100 Total may not sum to 100% due to rounding. **Caution: low base number of respondents-results are indicative only. Yes No Refused Total Base = Total 416 % 18 81 0 100 Parent Gender Maori 105 % 23 77 0 100 Pacific Island 24** % 27 73 0 100 Parent Ethnicity Other ethnic groups 287 % 18 82 0 100 Maori Male 40 % 18 82 0 100 Maori Female 65 % 27 73 0 100 Pacific Male 8** % 9 91 0 100 Pacific Female 16** % 44 56 0 100 Parent Ethnicity & Gender Q64. Finally, do you go to church or any other place of worship, for example a synagogue, mosque or temple, at least once a month? Table 91: Other Male 138 % 15 85 0 100 Other Female 149 % 20 80 0 100
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