Name
Ecology 1 Review
____1. Respiration and photosynthesis have the least effect on
the cycling of
(A) carbon
(C) oxygen
(B) nitrogen
(D) hydrogen
OLLCHS
____10. Processes involved in the water cycle are represented
by letters in the diagram below.
____2. In an ecosystem, what happens to the atoms of certain
chemical elements such as carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen?
(A) They move into and out of living systems.
(B) They are never found in living systems.
(C) They move out of living systems and never return.
(D) They move into living systems and remain there.
____3. Which processes are most directly involved in the
cycling of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen between plants
and animals in an ecosystem?
(A) transpiration and excretion
(B) photosynthesis and respiration
(C) dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
(D) decomposition and succession
____4. Which element is not recycled throughout an
ecosystem by the processes of photosynthesis and
respiration?
(A) carbon
(C) nitrogen
(B) hydrogen
(D) oxygen
____5. As water cycles through an ecosystem, which process
returns it to the atmosphere?
(A) hydrolysis
(C) condensation
(B) transpiration
(D) cyclosis
____6. Which processes are involved in the water cycle?
(A) respiration and photosynthesis, only
(B) transpiration and excretion, only
(C) respiration, photosynthesis, evaporation, and
condensation, only
(D) respiration, photosynthesis, transpiration, excretion,
evaporation, and condensation
In which group are these processes correctly identified?
(A) A-deamination; B-transpiration; C-condensation; D
evaporation
(B) A-transpiration; B-evaporation; C-condensation;
D-precipitation
(C) A-condensation; B-precipitation; C-transpiration; D
evaporation
(D) A-transpiration; B-deamination; C-condensation;
D-precipitation
____11. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below of the nitrogen cycle and on your knowledge
of biology.
____7. Which two life functions of animals help maintain the
water cycle by recycling water back into the environment?
(A) digestion and regulation
(B) synthesis and locomotion
(C) respiration and excretion
(D) reproduction and growth
____8. Which organisms are most directly involved in
recycling minerals from the dead tissues of rotting trees?
(A) carnivores
(C) saprophytes
(B) predators
(D) scavengers
____9. Decomposers are important in the environment
because they
(A) convert large molecules into simpler molecules that
can then be recycled
(B) release heat from large molecules so that the heat can
be recycled through the ecosystem
(C) can take in carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen
(D) convert molecules of dead organisms into permanent
biotic parts of an ecosystem
Which organisms are responsible for the conversion of free
nitrogen to nitrates at position A?
(A) bacteria of decay
(C) decomposers
(B) nitrogen-fixing bacteria (D) denitrifying bacteria
____12. In the nitrogen cycle, decomposers break down
nitrogen compounds and release
(A) oxygen gas
(C) urea
(B) ammonia
(D) nitrogen gas
Ecology 1 Review
____13.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Protein synthesis is most closely associated with the
nitrogen cycle
oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle
water cycle
phosphorus cycle
____14. Which organisms are capable of converting ammonia
to nitrates?
(A) plants
(C) denitrifying bacteria
(B) animals
(D) nitrifying bacteria
____15.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
The nitrogen cycle is most directly dependent upon the
process of transpiration in autotrophs
ability of consumers to move from place to place
metabolic activities of soil bacteria
evaporation of water from the Earth's surface
____16. Which organisms would most likely occupy position X
in the diagram below?
(A) decomposers
(B) carnivores
(C) herbivores
(D) scavengers
____21. A symbiotic relationship exists between two organisms
of different species. If only one organism benefits from the
relationship and the other is not harmed, the relationship is
known as
(A) commensalism
(C) parasitism
(B) mutualism
(D) saprophytism
____22. A particular species of unicellular organism inhabits
the intestines of termites, where the unicellular organisms
are protected from predators. Wood that is ingested by the
termites is digested by the unicellular organisms, forming
food for the termites. The relationship between these two
species can be described as
(A) harmful to both species
(B) parasite/host
(C) beneficial to both species
(D) predator/prey
____23. Sea anemones are mainly sessile animals. Some of
them depend on the motile clown fish for their survival.
The clown fish helps to provide food for the sea anemone
as it seeks protection in the anemone's tentacles. This
symbiotic relationship is known as
(A) commensalism
(C) mutualism
(B) saprophytism
(D) parasitism
Base your answers to questions 24 through 26 on the energy
pyramid below and on your knowledge of biology.
____17. Atmospheric nitrogen can only be used by most living
things after it has been
(A) converted to nitrates with the help of nitrogen-fixing
bacteria
(B) taken in by plants through the lenticels
(C) converted to ammonia by bacteria of decay
(D) combined with carbon dioxide to form protein
Base your answers to questions 18 and 19 on the list of molecules
below. Select the symbiosis, chosen from the list below, that is
most closely associated with that phrase.
Types of symbiosis
(1) Commensalism
(2) Mutualism
(3) Parasitism
24. In a community where grass, cats, insects, and mice are
found, what organisms would fill level A?
____18. A flea sucks blood from the skin of a dog.
(A) 1
(C) 3
(B) 2
____25. Energy from nutrients is transferred to ATP in
(A) level A, only
(C) levels B, C, and D, only
(B) levels B and C, only
(D) levels A, B, C, and D
____19. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in nodules on the roots of
legumes.
(A) 1
(C) 3
(B) 2
____26. The greatest amount of available energy is transferred
from level
(A) A to level B
(C) B to level A
(B) A to level C
(D) D to level A
____20. Eggs of a wasp species are deposited inside the body of
a gypsy moth caterpillar. The wasp eggs hatch into larvae,
which feed on and destroy the caterpillar. The relationship
that exists between the wasp larvae and the caterpillar is
known as
(A) mutualism
(C) commensalism
(B) parasitism
(D) saprophytism
____27. A pyramid of energy can be used to illustrate the loss
of usable energy at each feeding level in a food web. In
which feeding level would the smallest amount of energy
be found?
(A) autotrophs
(C) primary consumers
(B) producers
(D) secondary consumers
Ecology 1 Review
___28. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
Which term belongs in area A?
(A) mutualism
(B) prey
____29. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which represents some nutritional
relationships between organisms in a given area and on
your knowledge of biology.
(C) saprophytism
(D) host
____33. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
Which organisms are classified as both primary and
secondary consumers?
(A) insects
(C) green plants
(B) cows
(D) humans
____30. The dense needles of Douglas fir trees can prevent
most light from reaching the forest floor. This situation
would have the most immediate effect on
(A) producers
(C) herbivores
(B) carnivores
(D) decomposers
____31. For a producer to maintain itself, which factor must be
present in its environment?
(A) carnivores
(C) sunlight
(B) herbivores
(D) parasites
____32. Species of animals that obtain food by consuming only
autotrophic organisms are usually classified as
(A) herbivores
(C) scavengers
(B) decomposers
(D) omnivores
Which level of consumers contains the largest percentage
of total stored energy?
(A) A
(C) C
(B) B
(D) D
____34. Because turkey vultures feed mainly on animals that
they have not killed, they are known as
(A) predators
(C) omnivores
(B) scavengers
(D) autotrophs
Ecology 1 Review
____35. The diagram below represents a biomass pyramid.
Which statement concerning the energy in this pyramid is
correct?
(A) The producer organisms contain the least amount of
stored energy.
(B) Stored energy decreases from consumer 2 to consumer
3.
(C) Consumer 3 contains the greatest amount of stored
energy.
(D) Stored energy increases from the producer to consumer
1.
____36. The diagram below represents a pyramid of energy in
an ecosystem.
____38. The diagram below represents an energy pyramid.
Which organisms would most likely be found at level A?
(A) birds
(C) mammals
(B) worms
(D) algae
____39. Which would be the most likely effect of a drastic
reduction in all the producer organisms in a meadow
environment?
(A) The grasshoppers would multiply rapidly.
(B) The rabbit population would decrease.
(C) All of the snake populations would increase.
(D) All of the decomposers would die.
____40. Base your answer to the following question on the
chart below and on your knowledge of biology.
Which level in the pyramid would most likely contain
members of the plant kingdom?
(A) A
(C) C
(B) B
(D) D
____37. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which represents an energy pyramid and
your knowledge of biology.
All the nutritional relationships that exist within this
community can best be represented by a
(A) food chain
(C) food web
(B) population
(D) succession
Which sequence is an example of the producer-herbivorecarnivore relationship shown in the diagram?
(A) lion → shrub → rabbit
(B) grass → field mouse → owl
(C) cricket → frog → grass
(D) tree → mountain lion → squirrel
____41. Which sequence shows a correct pathway for the flow
of energy in a food chain?
(A) bacteria - grass - fox - owl
(B) grass - grasshopper - frog - snake
(C) fungi - beetle - algae - mouse
(D) algae - snake - duck - deer
____42. Which pathway illustrates the most likely flow of
energy within an aquatic ecosystem?
(A) algae → bass → minnow → insect larva
(B) insect larva → algae → minnow → bass
(C) bass → insect larva → algae → minnow
(D) algae → insect larva → minnow → bass
Ecology 1 Review
____43. An incomplete food chain is shown below.
____48. Nutritional relationships between organisms are shown
in the diagram below.
Which organism could be represented by the letter X?
(A) lobster
(C) human
(B) jellyfish
(D) robin
____44. What is the primary role of wheat in the food chain
below?
wheat → mouse → snake → hawk
(A) It provides nesting sites for hawks.
(B) It releases energy from the soil.
(C) It provides seeds for the hawks and snakes to eat.
(D) It transforms radiant energy into chemical energy.
____45. In a certain ecosystem, rattlesnakes are predators of
prairie dogs. If the prairie dog population started to
increase, how would the ecosystem most likely regain
stability?
(A) The rattlesnake population would start to decrease.
(B) The rattlesnake population would start to increase.
(C) The prairie dog population would increase rapidly.
(D) The prairie dog population would begin to prey on the
rattlesnakes.
____46. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram of a lake ecosystem below and on your knowledge
of biology. The diagram shows a cross section of a deep
lake. The dashed line which separates level A from level B
indicates the depth beyond which light cannot penetrate.
The mouse population would most likely decrease if there
were
(A) an increase in the frog and tree populations
(B) a decrease in the snake and hawk populations
(C) an increase in the number of decomposers in the area
(D) a decrease in the amount of available sunlight
____49. Imported animal species often disrupt an ecosystem
because in their new environment, they will most likely
(A) eliminate the genetic variation of the autotrophs
(B) increase the number of mutations in the herbivores
(C) have no natural enemies
(D) be unable to produce offspring
____50. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below and on your knowledge of biology
A possible food chain represented by the diagram could be
(A) plant → grasshopper → frog → fish
(B) hawk → plant → grasshopper → frog
(C) grasshopper → fish → frog → plant
(D) plant → hawk → frog → fish
____47. Vultures, which are classified as scavengers, are an
important part of an ecosystem because they
(A) hunt herbivores, limiting their populations in an
ecosystem
(B) feed on dead animals, which aids in the recycling of
environmental materials
(C) cause the decay of dead organisms, which releases
usable energy to herbivores and carnivores
(D) are the first level in food webs and make energy
available to all the other organisms in the web
Carnivores are represented by the
(A) tadpole and worm
(B) grasshopper and frog
(C) frog and snake
(D) raccoon and bacteria of decay
Ecology 1 Review
Answer Key
ecology 1 review [Oct 10, 2012]
1.
B
31.
C
2.
A
32.
A
3.
B
33.
C
4.
C
34.
B
5.
B
35.
B
6.
D
36.
D
7.
C
37.
B
8.
C
38.
D
9.
A
39.
B
10.
B
40.
C
11.
B
41.
B
12.
B
42.
D
13.
A
43.
C
14.
D
44.
D
15.
C
45.
B
16.
A
46.
A
17.
A
47.
B
18.
C
48.
D
19.
B
49.
C
20.
B
50.
C
21.
A
22.
C
23.
C
24. grass
25.
D
26.
A
27.
D
28.
A
29.
D
30.
A