Chapter 14
Name
Date
A scientist is using radiometric dating to
1 determine
the ages of four rock samples in
order to determine the ages of fossils found
near the rocks. The ratios below compare the
amount of parent isotopes to the amount of
daughter isotopes. Which rock sample is the
oldest?
Radiometric Dating
Class
5 What did Francesco Redi’s experiments disprove?
A
B
C
D
law of superposition
Cambrian explosion of life
endosymbiont theory
theory of spontaneous generation
What type of fossil forms when pore spaces of
6 the
original hard parts of an animal are filled
in by minerals?
Rock A
1:1
A
B
C
D
Rock B
1:4
Rock C
1:16
A The age of an isolated rock can be determined.
B Radiometric dating can be performed in the
field.
C Radiometric dating can be performed by
students.
D A Geiger counter can be used.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Organic
material
decays
Rock A
Rock B
Rock C
Rock D
What is one advantage of radiometric dating
2 over
relative dating?
Evidence of past life in the form of fossils is
3 found
in what form of rock?
A
B
C
D
Burial
Rock D
1:32
sedimentary
metamorphic
igneous
crushed metamorphic rock
a field trip, a scientist finds a fossil of a
4 On
snub-nosed crocodile and wants to know its
age. What would you do to date the fossil?
A Measure decay of radioactive isotopes in the
rock around the fossil.
B Count the annual rings of trees growing in
the area.
C Determine the age by comparing it to fossils
in other layers.
D Measure the depth at which the fossil is
found.
STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE
Mineral-rich
ground
water
seeps in
A
B
C
D
trace fossil
premineralized fossil
cast fossil
amber fossil
What provides an explanation for the presence
7 of
mitochondria and chloroplasts in presentday cells?
A biogenesis
B endosymbiosis
C spontaneous generation
D superposition
8 What is represented in the geologic time scale?
A fossil formation in sedimentary rock
B steps of endosymbiosis
C major geological and biological events in
Earth’s history
D current plant and animal groupings
What characteristics do scientists hypothesize
9 about
the first forms of life?
A They were prokaryotes that breathed oxygen.
B They were autotrophic and able to feed
themselves because they contained chlorophyll.
C They were prokaryotes linked with volcanic
environments.
D They were aerobic.
CHAPTER 14
27
Name
Date
is the illustration below interpreted by
bk How
many scientists?
Cyanobacteria
Aerobic Nucleus Eukaryote
prokaryotes
Mitochondria
Aerobic prokaryotes
became mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Cyanobacteria became
chloroplasts
A Mitochondria and chloroplasts are parasites
in cells.
B Prokaryotes might have entered host cells as
prey or parasites.
C Eukaryotic cells evolved before prokaryotes.
D Mitochondria and chloroplasts look similar.
does the presence of iridium support the
bl Why
idea that a meteorite struck Earth, possibly
bringing about a mass extinction at the end
of the Mesozoic Era?
A Records of the period show a cloudy atmosphere
for months at a time.
B Iridium is rare on Earth but common in
meteorites.
C Rocks show a 100 percent increase in iridium
at that time.
D There was an increase in species.
Class
did Pasteur’s experiment with sterile
bn What
broth show?
A Only living things can produce other living
things.
B Organic molecules could be produced from
gases.
C Meteorites brought the first organic molecules to
Earth.
D Organic reactions in deep-sea volcanic vents
preceded life’s emergence.
bo What is known about mass extinctions?
A
B
C
D
They are common.
They occur instantaneously.
They wipe out all organisms.
They occur every several million years.
of a seed fern were found on several
bp Fossils
different continents, each with a different
climate. What does this evidence support?
A spontaneous generation
B endosymbiosis
C continental drift
D theories about the development of Earth’s
atmosphere
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 14
which time in geologic history is Earth
bm During
thought to have formed and life first appear?
A
B
C
D
28
Cenozoic Era
Jurassic Period
Cretaceous Period
Precambrian
CHAPTER 14
STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE