DIFFERENT USES OF
METALS
Subject: Chemistry
Grade: 11A
By: Servin Ahmadi& Haniyeh Safaei
Properties Of Metals
• A metal a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that
is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical
and thermal conductivity. Metals are generally malleable
— that is, they can be hammered or pressed permanently
out of shape without breaking or cracking — as well as
fusible (able to be fused or melted) and ductile.
Two types of Metal
Pure Metals
Alloys
Iron
Copper
Aluminum
Lead
Zinc
Tin
Gold
Brass-Copper & ZincSteel-Iron & CarbonCast Iron-Iron & CarbonDuraluminium-Aluminium & CopperBronze-Copper, Tin, Phosphorus-
Iron (Fe)
• This is the most useful metal we have. It is fairly cheap
that’ why it is commonly used in manufacturing machine
tools, automobiles, hulls of large ships, machine parts,
and even building parts.
• Iron is also common in many different tools, surgical
equipment, and appliances.
• Iron has a high resistance to rust formation. It also can be
molded easily to create many forms. That’s why it is used
in many products that you often see around the house.
Usage of Steel(Iron & Carbon)
It is used in industries, such as
mining, pipeline transport,
aerospace, shipbuilding and
heavy equipment design.
In modern construction,
including the building of
railways, roads, buildings,
appliances and other
infrastructures. In fact, most
modern structures, such as
skyscrapers, stadiums, airports
and bridges, are created with a
durable steel skeleton.
Cast Iron
• It has a large amount of carbon in it; this kind of iron is
good to cast into molds but it cannot be hammered or
drawn without danger of cracking or breaking.
Copper (Cu)
• Architectural Applications
• Supply and Demand (Coin)
• Nutrient for animals and plants. Traces of the metal can
be found in bone, muscles, liver and tissues. The Greeks
used the metal to cure ulcers and open wounds.
• Uses of Copper in Electricity-The metal is employed in
generators, motors and transformers. Properly set the
metal produces electricity efficiently and safely.
Aluminium
• 1) Low density and strength make aluminium ideal for
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construction of aircraft, lightweight vehicles, and ladders.
2) Easy shaping and corrosion resistance make
aluminium
a good material for drink cans and roofing materials.
3) Corrosion resistance and low density leads to its use
for greenhouses and window frames.
4) Good conduction of heat leads to its use
for boilers, cookers and cookware.
6) High reflectivity makes aluminium ideal for
mirrors, reflectors and heat resistant clothing for fire
fighting.
Aluminium (Al)
Duralumin
• An alloy of aluminium called duralumin is often used
instead of pure aluminium because of its improved
properties.
• Their light weight and consequent high strength per unit
weight compared to steel suit them for aircraft
construction. Because duralumin loses strength in welding,
a special laminated sheet form called alclad is used for
aircraft construction
Lead (Pb)
• Ammunition, burial vault liners, ceramic glazes, leaded
glass and crystal, paints or other protective coatings,
pewter, and water lines and pipes.
• Lead is also employed as protective shielding against X
rays and radiation from nuclear reactors.
Zinc
Tin
Roofing material: Sheets of terne- and tinplate were soldered
and/or mechanically fastened together to form a continuous
waterproof covering.
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Decorative machine-pressed shingles: These began to be
manufactured in the late 19th century to simulate tile roofs.
-
Sheet metal wall covering formed to imitate masonry or other
building materials.
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Flashing, gutters and downspouts
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Dormers, Utensils, Roof, Cans
-
Fire protection on wood doors and shutters
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Ornamental elements such as door and window heads, balusters
and urns, or roof ornaments
Gold
Gold conducts electricity, does not tarnish, is very easy to work, can be drawn
into wire, can be hammered into thin sheets, alloys with many other metals, can
be melted and cast into highly detailed shapes, has a wonderful color and a
brilliant luster.
Electronics
Gold is used in connectors, switch and relay contacts, soldered joints,
connecting wires and connection strips.
Uses of Gold in Aerospace - Gold is used in circuitry because it is a
dependable conductor and connector. In addition, many parts of every space
vehicle are fitted with gold-coated polyester film. This film reflects infrared
radiation and helps stabilize the temperature of the spacecraft. Without this
coating, dark colored parts of the spacecraft would absorb significant amounts of
heat
Gold in a computer memory chip
Jewlery
Gold is used in
satellite components.
Gold Medal
Bronze
• ship propellers and submerged bearings
• It is still widely used today for springs, bearings, bushings,
automobile transmission pilot bearings, and similar fittings,
and is particularly common in the bearings of small
electric motors.
• Musical instruments-Bronze is also used for the
windings of steel and nylon strings of various stringed
instruments such as the double bass, piano, harpsichord,
and the guitar. Bronze strings are commonly reserved on
pianoforte for the lower pitch tones, as they possess a
superior sustain quality to that of high-tensile steel.
• Medals
• Statues
Bronze
Brass
• Brass is a good thermal conductor and is used to make
radiators and heat exchangers (air conditioners, oil
coolers and heater cores).
• Tableware & Utensils-Brass requires little maintenance,
gives an attractive appearance (owing to its dull gold
color), does not rust or tarnish easily, and is durable.
• Musical Instruments-Brass is used to make wind musical
instruments (musical instruments that create sound by the
vibration of air within a hollow cavity or a tube) owing to its
good acoustic properties. It is popularly used to make
trumpets, tubas, horns, euphonium, saxophones and
trombones.
Brass
The End