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ACHIEVESOOO"
Printedby. LauraGodlesky
Printedon: August25,2015
Reconstruction
to thePresent:
Presidents
for Peace
The NobelPeacePrizeis givento someonewfroworksfor worldpeace.PresidentObamawon the NobelPeace
Prtze.He was giventhe honorpartlybecauseof his beliefs.He believesthat nationsneedto talk with one another.
Then,they won'tfight.\Mrat do you think?
The best person to get the Nobel PeacePrize is one who has helped end a war.
Agree
Disagree
Explainwhy you votedthe way you did.
1
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Article
PAGE 1
WASHINGTON,
D.C.(Achieve3000,
November16,2009).AtfredNobel
was a swedishinventor.In 1895,Nobelset asidefundingto createfive
annualprizes.Oneof theseawardswas the Nobelpeaceprize.The
prizewas to go to "the personwtroshall havedonethe most or bestwork
for [peace]."The NobelPeacePrizehas goneto a personor groupnearly
everyyearsince1901.Fourof thosehonoreeshavebeenU.S.
presidents.
Theodore Roosevelt
PresidentrheodoreRoosevelt
wonthe Nobelpeaceprize in 1g06.He
was giventhe awardfor helpingto arange a treaty.This treatyendedthe
Russo-Japanese
war. RussiaandJapanhadbeenat war since1g04.
AP Photo/JohnMcConnico
abamarsoneof fourU'S'
President
The two countrieswerefightingfor controlof partsof Asia' In August
presrdenfs
to win a prizeforpeace.
1905,|eadersfromthetwocountriesmetatPortsmouth,New
Hampshire.PresidentRooseveltand leadersfrom Europeannations
of
help,the two nationsagreedto the treaty. lt was calledthe Treaty
joinedthem.wth the u.s. president,s
conflict'
the
to
peaceful
end
a
portsmouth.This agreement
satisfiedthe demandsof bothnations.lt helpedbring
that warwas necessaryas a means
actionshad an enormouseffect on relationsbetweennations.He felt
Roosevelt,s
peacefulwfrenpossible'He supportedtreaties
of protection.However,he believedthat nationsshouldremain
at Portsmouth
time, relationsbetweennationsureregrowingmoredifficult.His efforts
betweennations.ln Roosevelt,s
servedas an examplefor futureleaders.
WoodrowWilson
l' \Mlson
presidentwoodrowwilsonwonthe NobelpeacePrizein 1919.The U.s. hadjust takenpartin world war
u's' took
The
intoit-and at a greatcost'
hadneverintendedfor the u.s. to take part.But the U.s. hadbeenforced
partonlyduringthe lasttwo yearsof the war.still, 200,000Americansdied'
conflicts.wlson helpedcreatethe League
wlson was disgustedwith the bloodshedof war. He hopedto avoidfulure
peace.
wlson wonthe NobelPeacePrize
of Nations.Manynationsjoinedthe group.The groupaimedto encourage
united Nations'
for helpingto createthe league.The leaguepavedthe way for the start of the
Jimmy Carter
presidentJimmy carterwon the Nobelpeace prize in 2002.He hadworkedfor peacefor decades' ln 1977' Ca(er
tt helpedto settle a conflictover land"
helpedarrangean agreement.The agreementwas betweenEgyptand lsrael.
president'He startedthe carter center'
carter continuedto workfor peace.This was true even afterhe was no longer
lt also supportseffortsthat
The Cartercenterworksin countriesaroundthe world.lt encouragesfair elections.
that the elections
peace.carterhimselfhaswatchedovermorethan70 elections.He helpedmakesure
encourage
PeacePrize'
werecarriedout fairly. lt was for this work that Jimmy Carterwon the Nobel
BarackObama
PeacePrize.obama was differentfrom
on December10, 200g,presidentBarackobama receivedthe 2009Nobel
presidents.He had not beenin officefor longwhenhe won' Therefore,he hadnt had
the otherNobelprize-winning
He hadwonfor
of his approaches'
muchtime to reachhis goalJ.The Nobelcommitteesaidobamawon because
settingpeacefulgoals.
in govemment.The grouppointedto
The Nobelcommitteestatedthat presidentobama had createda "newclimate"
countriesto worktogether'The
his effortsto encouragerelationsbetweennations.lt notedthdt obama encourages
hastriedto improve
obama
talkingas a toolfor settlingconflicts.
groupalsostatedthat obamaencourages
thesenations'He holds
visits
president
with Russia,China,and nationsin the MiddleEast.The
America,srelations
talkswith leaders.
He said it wouldencourage
still, presidentobamadid not expectto win the PeacePrize.He saidit was an honor.
can work togetherto reach
him to continuehis approach.obama plansto workwith othernations.He hopesthey
commongoals.
',1will acceptthis awardas a callto action,"the president
said.
peopleare continuingto worktowardpeace.The NobelCommitteewill continueto honortheirefforts'
lnformationfor this story came from AP'
-
PAGE 2
Dig DeePer
"donethe most or bestwork for peace'"Workingfor
Who receivesthe Nobelpeace pnze?The personwl'rohas
conflict.But howdo you end a conflict
peaceis not easy. often, it meanshelpingiwo nationsfind a way to end a
peoptewho work for peacecan use a few tools'
whenthe two sidls arent gettingalong?
SettingUP GrouPs
war l' This was a
you readaboutu.s. presidentwoodrow\A/ilson.He helpedstart the Leagueof Nationsafterworld
(uN) woks for peace'(TheUN was
groupof nationsthat workedtogetheiforpeace.Today,the united Nations
problemsthat can causeconflicts'Theseproblemsinclude
startedafterworld war ll.) lts membersbelievethereare
on these problems.lt also helpsrebuild
a countrywith a weak government,poverty,or disease.The uN woks
countriesthat havebeenat war.
Setting PeacefulGoals
aren'tableto work out theirdifferencesby
wlry do nationsgo to war?Thereare many reasons.At times, nations
PresidentJimmycarterdid this for Egyptand
talkingto one,,io1.r"r.someoneetsemay needto get involved.u.s.
u.$. PresidentBarackobama has alsomet with leaders
lsrael.He helpedthe nationsworkout a peaceagreement.
believesthat leadersshouldtalk about
of nations.Manyof thesenationsdon'tut*uy, get atongwiththe u.s. obama
Theyshouldtry to find solutions'
theirdifferences.
MakingTreaties
often, treatieshaveto do with peace'
A treatyis an agreementbetweennations.Thereare differentkinds of treaties.
They mightsign a treatythat dividesthe
Sometreatiesend wars. For example,say two nationsarefightingover land.
other treatiesare meantto preventwars'
landa ceftainway. The treatysays they *itt no longerfignt. it ends the war.
usedmany differenttools' And they
Nobelprize winnershaveall woked to makethe worldmorepeaceful.They have
haveshownthat thereare differentways to worktowardpeace'
Dictionary
annual (adiective) YearlY
conflict (noun) a fight or \\ar
efcctionfttotm) time setasidefor choosingpeopleto run the govemment
Bell r'vasan inventor'He createdthe
invcntor (nou,) a personwho createssomethingnew (For example,A-lexandercraham
telephone.)
relations (noun) the way peopleor nationsget along together
Activity
PAGE1
1.
FresidentRoosrselt
.
PresideattrYilsou
President Carter
Wrich best replacesthe questionmark on the line above?
S
Wut.tt".l over morethan ?0 elections
S
Uetpe<talrangean agreementbetrveenEgypt and lsrael
S
ofNations
Hetpeato createthe Leagr-re
annualpnzes
@ S.t asidefunding to createfive
2. Wrat is this articlemainlyabout?
s
@
.rn.
four U.S.presidentsrvhohavervonthe Nobel PeacePrize
-l-tt"
War rvasstarted
reasonsthat the Russo-.lapanese
inventoru'hoseiasidefundingfortheprizes
ffi fn. Su'edish
S
which choosesthewinnersof the prize
rne NobelCommittee,
3. The articlestates:
to encourage
Many nationsioined the group. The group aimed
wirson herpedcreatethe Leagueof Nations.
peace'
V\llrichis the closestsynonym for the wordencourage?
Invent
S Examine
Protest
S
@ Sr.rpport
4. \Mtich of these is a statementof opinion?
prizefor'rrtimes
fn. Nobel CommitteechoseU S' presidentsfbr the
S
fundedby a Swedishinventor'
@ nt. Nobel PeacePrizervas
is the greatesthonor a personcanrecetve
@ fn. Nobel PeacePrize
Obamawon becauseof his approaches
@ fn. Nobel Contmitteesaid
5. The newsarticledoes not saY-_-.
annualprizes.
SrvedishinventorAlfred Nobet setasidefunding fbr five
s
an agreem€ntbetrveenEgypt and Israel
ffi linl*y Carterhelpeclanange
to win the Nobel Prizeby the United Nations'
S narack Obamau'aschoseu
frghting fbr control of tenitoriesin Asia.
s Russiaand Japanwere
6. The articlestates:
Ghina, and nations in the Middle East'
obama has tried to improveA,merica'srelationswith Russia,
Whichis the closestantonym for the wordimprove?
@ nrl*""
S Hano
Q H.tp
S o"ttra
7. Vi/hichquestionis not answeredby the article?
in World WarI?
@ [{or"*uny Americansdied
S
Wtlut is the purposeol'the CarterCenter')
S
Wftv wasthe Nobel Prizegiven to BarackObama?
the Nobel Committee'/
@ Uonumany membersareon
L Accordingto the article,why did TheodoreRooseveltwin the NobelPeacePrize?
over morethan 70 differentelections
@ B..u.,r. he ra'atched
$
War
B..u.n. he helpeda{rangea treatythat endedthe Russo-Japanese
$
B..uur. he did not uant the U.S.to take part in World War I
@ B..urr.. he settleda conflict over land betueenEgypt and Israel
Nowthat you havereadthe article,indicatewhetheryou agreeor disagreewiththisstatement.
The bestpersonto getthe NobelPeacePrizeis one who has helpedend a war.
Agree
Disagree
towardpeace
Choosethreeof the presidentswlro havewon the NobelPeacePnze.Describehowtheir contributions
weresimilaranddifferent.Use detailsfromthe lessonin youranswer.
Type your answerin the box below.
Poll Results
The best personto get the NobelPeacePrizeis one who has helpedend a
OPINIONSTATEMENT:
war.
AFTER READIIiG
BEFORE READING
HOW YOU VOTED
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WORLDWIDE,RESULTS
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