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845
Appendix 1
Reference lists over species names mentioned in this report
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List 1 · Sorted by common (English) name within categories.
Common (English) name
Latin name
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Birds
Arctic redpoll
Arctic tern
Atlantic guillemot (Common murre)
Atlantic puffin
Baird‘s sandpiper
Bald eagle
Bean goose
Black guillemot
Black-legged kittiwake
Bonaparte’s gull
Brant goose (Brent goose)
Brants (Brents)
Brünnich’s guillemot
(Thick-billed murre)
Common eider
Common murre (Atlantic guillemot)
Common redpoll
Cranes
Dovekie (Little auk)
Ducks
Eider
Glaucous gull
Greater scaup
Gyrfalcon
– Icelandic gyrfalcon
– North American gyrfalcon
Herring gull
Iceland gull
Ivory gull
King eider
Kittiwake: see Black-legged kittiwake
Lapland buntin
Least aukle
Little auk (Dovekie)
Long-tailed duck (Oldsquaw)
Long-tailed jaeger
Loons
Merlin
Murre
Northern fulmar
Northern gannet
Parasitic jaeger
Peregrine falcon
– Tundra peregrine falcon
– North American peregrine falcon
Pintail
Ptarmigan
Raven
Razorbill
Red-breasted merganser
Red-throated loon
Rock ptarmigan
Ruffed grouse
Sabine’s gull
Semipalmated plover
Shag
Sharptail grouse
Snow bunting
Snow goose
Snowy owl
Spruce hen
Steller’s eider
Swans
Thick-billed murre
(Brünnich’s Guillemot)
Trumpeter swan
Tundra swan
Water pipit
White-tailed sea eagle
Willow ptarmigan
Carduelis hornemanni
Sterna paradisaea
Uria aalge
Fratercula arctica
Erolius bairdii
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Anser fabialis
Cepphus grylle
Rissa tridactyla
Larus philadelphia
Branta bernicla
Branta spp.
Uria lomvia
Somateria mollissima
Uria aalge
Carduelis flammea
Grus spp.
Alle alle
Anas spp.
Bucephalus spp.
Somateria spp.
Somateria spp.
Larus hyperboreus
Aythya marila
Falco rusticolus
– Falco rusticolus islandus
– Falco rusticolus candicans
Larus argentatus
Larus glaucoides
Pagophila eburnea
Somateria spectabilis
Calcarius lapponicus
Aethia pusilla
Alle alle
Clangula hyemalis
Stercorarius longicaudus
Gavia spp.
Falco columbarius aesalon
Uria spp.
Fulmaris glacialis
Sula bassanus
Stercorarius parasiticus
Falco peregrinus
– Falco peregrinus tundrius
– Falco peregrinus anatum
Anas acuta
Lagopus spp.
Corvus corax
Alca torda
Mergus serrator
Gavia stellata
Lagopus mutus
Bonasa umbellus
Xema sabini
Charadrius semipalmatus
Phalacrororax aristotelis
Pedioecetes phasianellis
Plectrophenax nivalis
Anser caerulescens
Chen caerulescens
Nyctea scandiaca
Canachites canadensis
Polysticta stelleri
Olor spp.
Uria lomvia
Cygnus buccinator
Cygnus columbianus
Anthus spinoletta
Haliaeetus albicilla
Lagopus lagopus
Fish
Alaska blackfish
Arctic char
Arctic cisco
Arctic cod (Polar cod)
Arctic grayling
Atlantic cod
Atlantic halibut
Atlantic herring (Pacific herring)
Atlantic salmon
Atlantic wolffish
Blue hake
Broad whitefish
Brown trout
Burbot (Lingcod, Loche)
Capelin
Chinook salmon
Chum salmon
Cisco (Lake herring)
Coal fish
Cod
Coho salmon
Dolly varden
Eelpout
European minnow
European whitefish (Powan)
Four-horned sculpin
Goldeye
Greenland cod
Greenland halibut (Turbot)
Greenland shark
Haddock
Herring (see Atlantic herring)
Humpback whitefish
Inconnu (Sheefish)
Jelly wolffish
Lake char (Common lake charr)
Lake chub
Lake trout (see also Lake char)
Lake whitefish
Least cisco
Long rough dab (American plaice)
Longnose sucker
Lumpfish
Minnow
Muksun
Navaga
Nelma
Nine-spined stickleback
Northern pike (see Pike)
Pacific cod
Pacific salmon
Perch
Pickerel (Walleye)
Pike
Polar cod (Arctic cod)
Redfish
Round nosed grenadier
Round whitefish
Sheefish: see Inconnu
Shorthorn sculpin
Shrimp
Slimy sculpin
Smelt (Rainbow smelt)
Spotted wolffish
Sturgeon
Sucker (White sucker)
Three-spined stickleback
Trout
Tusk (Cusk)
Whitefish (Cisco)
Winter flounder
Yellow perch
Dallia pectoralis
Salvelinus alpinus
Coregonus autumnalis
Boreogadus saida
Thymallus arcticus
Gadus morhua
Hippoglossus hippoglossus
Clupea harengus
Salmo salar
Anarhichas lupus
Antimora rostrata
Coregonus nasus
Salmo trutta
Lota lota
Mallotus villosus
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Oncorhynchus keta
Coregonus artedii
Pollachius virens
Gadus spp. (e.g. Gadus morhua)
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Salvelinus malma
Lycodes eudipleurostichus
Phoxinus phoxinus
Coregonus lavaretus
Myoxocephalus quadricornis
Hiodon alosoides
Gadus ogac
Reinhardtius hippoglossoides
Somniosus microcephalus
Melanogrammus aeglefinus
Clupea spp.
(e.g. Clupea harengus)
Coregonus pidschian
Stenodus leucichthys
Anarhichas denticulatus
Salvelinus namaycush
Couesius plumbeus
Salvelinus namaycush
Salmo trutta lacustris
Coregonus clupeaformis
Coregonus sardinella
Hippoglossoides platesoides
Catostomus catostomus
Cyclopterus lumpus
Phoxinus phoxinus
Coregonus muksun
Eleginus navaga
Coregonus nelma
Pungitius pungitius
Esox reicherti
Gadus macrocephalus
Oncorhynchus spp.
Perca fluviatilis
Stizostedion vitreum
Esox lucius
Boreogadus saida
Sebastes spp.
– Sebastes marinus
– Sebastes mentella
Coryphaenoides rupestris
Prosopium cylindraceum
Myoxycephalus scorpius
Pandalus borealis
Cottus cognatus
Osmerus mordax
Anarhichas minor
Acipenser spp.
Catostomus commersoni
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Salmo spp.
Salvelinus spp.
Brosme brosme
Coregonus spp.
Pseudopleuronectes
americanus
Perca flavescens
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AMAP Assessment Report
Marine mammals
Bearded seal
Beluga (White whale)
Blue whale
Bowhead whale (Greenland right whale)
Fin whale
Gray whale
Greenland seal: see Harp seal
Grey seal (Ranger seal)
Harbour porpoise (Common porpoise)
Harbour seal (Common seal)
Harp seal (Greenland seal)
Hooded seal
Humpback whale
Killer whale
Long-fin pilot whale
Minke whale
Narwhal
Northern fur seal (Fur seal)
Pilot whale
Polar bear
Ribbon seal
Ringed seal
Sea otter
Sei whale
Short-finned pilot whale
Spotted seal (Largha)
Steller’s sea lion
Walrus
– Atlantic walrus
– Pacific walrus
White whale (Beluga)
White-beaked dolphin
White-sided dolphin
Erignathus barbatus
Delphinapterus leucas
Balaenoptera musculus
Balaena mysticetus
Balaenoptera physalus
Eschrichtius robustus
Halichoerus grypus
Phocoena phocoena
Phoca vitulina
Phoca groenlandica
Pagophilus groenlandicus
Cystophora cristata
Megaptera novaeangliae
Orcinus orca
Globicephala melas
Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Monodon monoceros
Callorhinus ursinus
Globicephala melaena
Ursus maritimus
Phoca fasciata
Phoca hispida
Enhydra lutris
Balaenoptera borealis
Globicephala macrorhynchus
Phoca largha
Eumetopias jubatus
Odobenus rosmarus
– Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus
– Odobenus rosmarus divergens
Delphinapterus leucas
Lagenorhyncus albirostris
Lagenorhyncus acutus
Muskox
Muskrat
Narrow-skulled vole
North American fox
North American porcupine
Northern pika
Northern red-backed vole
Otter
– European otter
– North American otter
Pigmy shrew
Polar bear: see marine mammals
Red fox
Red squirrel
Reindeer (Caribou)
– Svalbard reindeer
Siberian ibex
Snowshoe hare
Stoat (Ermine)
Tundra vole
Wolf: see Gray wolf
Wolverine
Black flies
Caddice fly
Clams
Common whelk
Dog whelk
Freshwater pearl mussel
Horse mussel
Krill
Lower animals (misc.)
Arctic hare
Arctic shrew
Beaver
Bighorn sheep
– Dall sheep (Snow sheep)
– Snow sheep
Bison
Black bear
Black-capped marmot
Blue hare
– Alpine hare
(Varying hare, Mountain hare)
Brown bear: see Grizzly bear
Brown lemming (Siberian lemming)
Caribou (Reindeer)
– Peary caribou
Common shrew
Coyote
Dall sheep: see Bighorn sheep
Dusky shrew
Eastern vole
Elk (Moose)
European mink
European water vole
Flat-skulled shrew
Gray wolf (Timber wolf)
Grey red-backed vole
Grizzly bear
(Brown bear, Barren-ground grizzly bear)
Hudson Bay lemming
Insular vole
Kolyma moose
Large-toothed shrew
Laxmann’s shrew
Least weasel
Lynx
Marten: see American marten
Masked shrew
Meadow vole
Middendorff’s vole
Mink: see American mink
Moose (Elk)
Marmota broweri
Lepus othus
Martes americana
Mustela vison
Dicrostonyx groenlandicus
Alopex lagopus
Spermophilus undulatus
Spermophilus parryii
Citellus undulatus
Lepus arcticus
Sorex arcticus
Castor canadensis
Ovis canadensis
– Ovis canadensis dalli
– Ovis canadensis nivicola
Bison bison
Ursus americanus
Marmota camtschatica
Lepus timidus
– Lepus timidus varronis
Ursus arctos
Lemmus sibiricus
Rangifer tarandus
– Rangifer tarandus pearyi
Sorex araneus
Canis latrans
Sorex obscurus
Eothenomys lemminus
Alces alces
Mustela lutreola
Arvicola terrestris
Sorex vir
Canis lupus
Clethrionomys rufocanus
Ursus arctos
Dicrostonyx hudsonius
Microtus abreviatus
Alces americanus
Sorex daphaenodon
Sorex caecutiens
Mustela nivalis
Lynx canadensis
Sorex cinereus
Microtus pennsylvanicus
Microtus middendorffi
Alces alces
– Lutra lutra
– Lutra canadensis
Sorex minutus
Vulpes vulpes
Sciurus vulgaris
Rangifer tarandus
– Rangifer tarandus
platyrhynchus
Capra sibirica
Lepus americanus
Mustela erminea
Microtus oeconomus
Gulo gulo
Lower animals
Terrestrial mammals
Alaska marmot
Alaskan hare
Alpine hare: see Blue hare
American marten
American mink
Arctic (collared) lemming
Arctic fox
Arctic ground squirrel
Ovibos moschatus
Ondatra zibethicus
Microtus gregalis
Vulpes vulpes fulva
Erithizon dorsatum
Ochotona hyperborea
Clethrionomys rutilus
Lugworm
Mayflies
Diptera spp.
Simuliidae spp.
– Arctopsyche ladogensis
Pelecypoda spp.
Baccinum undatum
Nucella lapillus
Margaritifera margaritifera
Modiolus modiolus
Thysanoessa spp.
– Apatania zonella
– Calanus finmarchicus
– Calanus glacialis
– Calanus hyperboreus
– Chydorus sphaericus
– Cyclops abyssorum
– Daphnia middendorffiana
– Daphnia pulex
– Eualus belcher
– Eurythenes gryllus
– Heterocope
– Kelicottia longispina
– Keratella hiemalis
– Lepidurus arcticus
– Leptodiaptomus minutus
– Modiolus modiolus
– Nucella lima
– Phaeocystis pouchetii
– Polyartra dolichoptera
– Serripes groenlandicus
– Themisto spp.
(e.g. Themisto libellula)
Arenicola marina
– Baetis lapponicus
– Baetis rhodani
Higher plants
American larch
Aspen
Balsam fir
Bilberry
Birches (misc.)
Black spruce
Blueberry
Cloudberry (Salmonberry)
Cotton grass
Cranberry (Bog cranberry)
Dahurian larch
Dock (Sorrel)
Dwarf birch
Eastern white pine
Eskimo potato (Indian potato, masu)
Grasses (misc.)
High-bush cranberry
Higher plants (misc.)
Jack pine
Labrador tea
Larix laricina
Populus tremula
Abies balsamea
Vaccinium myrtillus
– Betula grandulosa
– Betula papyrifera
– Betula pendula
– Betula pubescens
Picea mariana
Vaccinium spp.
Rubus spp.
Eriophorum vaginatum
Oxycoccux spp.
Larix gmelini
Rumex arcticum
Betula exilis (Betula nana)
Pinus strobus
Hedysarum alpinum
– Arctagrostis spp.
– Luzula spp.
– Poa spp.
– Arctophila fulva
– Dechampsia flexuosa
Viburnum edule
– Ledum palustre
– Vaccinium uliginosum
Pinus banksiana
Ledum spp.
847
Appendix 1 · Reference lists of species names mentioned in this report
Lingonberry (Lowbush cranberry)
Lodgepole pine
Mint
Norway spruce
Poplars
Raspberry
Red pine
Scots pine
Sedges (misc.)
Siberian fir
Siberian larch
Siberian pines
Spruce
Strawberry
Water smartweed
White spruce
Willow
Vaccinium vitis idaea
Pinis contorta
Mentha arvensis
Picea abies obovata
– Populus balsamifera
– Populus tremuloides
Rubus idaeus
Pinus resinosa
Pinus sylvestris
– Carex spp.
– Carex aquatilis
– Eriophorum spp.
Abies sibirica
Larix sibirica
– Pinus cembra sibirica
– Pinus pumila
Picea abies
Fragaria spp.
Polygonum amphibum
Picea glauca
Salix spp.
Lower plants
Bladder wrack
Bryophytes (Mosses) (misc.)
Fungi (misc.)
Horsetail
Knotted wrack
Lichens (misc.)
Mosses: see Bryophytes
Reindeer lichen
Fucus vesiculosus
– Sphagnum spp.
– Bryum cryophilum
– Drepanocladus revolvens
– Hylocomium splendens
– Mucor hiemalis
– Penicillium brevicompactum
– Penicillium spinulosum
– Truncatella truncata
Equisetum limosum
Ascophyllum nodusum
– Cetraria spp.
– Cladonia spp.
– Cetraria islandica
– Cladonia alpestris
– Cladonia arbuscula
– Hypogymnia physodes
– Melanelia olivacea
– Parmelia olivacea
– Parmelia sulcata
– Steroecaulon paschale
Cladonia rangiferina
List 2 · Sorted by Latin name within categories.
Latin name
Common (English) name
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Birds
Aethia pusilla
Alca torda
Alle alle
Anas spp.
Anas acuta
Anser caerulescens (Chen caerulescens)
Anser fabialis
Anthus spinoletta
Aythya marila
Bonasa umbellus
Branta spp.
Branta bernicla
Bucephalus spp.
Calcarius lapponicus
Canachites canadensis
Carduelis flammea
Carduelis hornemanni
Cepphus grylle
Charadrius semipalmatus
Chen caerulescens (Anser caerulescens)
Clangula hyemalis
Corvus corax
Cygnus buccinator
Cygnus columbianus
Erolius bairdii
Falco columbarius aesalon
Falco peregrinus
Falco peregrinus anatum
Falco peregrinus tundrius
Falco rusticolus
Falco rusticolus candicans
Falco rusticolus islandus
Least auklet
Razorbill
Dovekie (Little auk)
Ducks
Pintail
Snow goose
Bean goose
Water pipit
Greater scaup
Ruffed grouse
Brants (Brents)
Brant goose (Brent goose)
Ducks
Lapland bunting
Spruce hen
Common redpoll
Arctic redpoll
Black guillemot
Semipalmated plover
Snow goose
Long-tailed duck (Oldsquaw)
Raven
Trumpeter swan
Tundra swan
Baird’s sandpiper
Merlin
Peregrine falcon
North American peregrine falcon
Tundra peregrine falcon
Gyrfalcon
North American gyrfalcon
Icelandic gyrfalcon
Fratercula arctica
Fulmaris glacialis
Gavia spp.
Gavia stellata
Grus spp.
Haliaeetus albicilla
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Lagopus spp.
Lagopus lagopus
Lagopus mutus
Larus argentatus
Larus glaucoides
Larus hyperboreus
Larus philadelphia
Mergus serrator
Nyctea scandiaca
Olor spp.
Pagophila eburnea
Pedioecetes phasianellis
Phalacrororax aristotelis
Plectrophenax nivalis
Polysticta stelleri
Rissa tridactyla
Somateria spp.
Somateria mollissima
Somateria spectabilis
Stercorarius longicaudus
Stercorarius parasiticus
Sterna paradisaea
Sula bassanus
Uria spp.
Uria aalge
Uria lomvia
Xema sabini
Atlantic puffin
Northern fulmar
Loons
Red-throated loon
Cranes
White-tailed sea eagle
Bald eagle
Ptarmigan
Willow ptarmigan
Rock ptarmigan
Herring gull
Iceland gull
Glaucous gull
Bonaparte’s gull
Red-breasted merganser
Snowy owl
Swans
Ivory gull
Sharptail grouse
Shag
Snow bunting
Steller’s eider
Black-legged kittiwake
Eider
Common eider
King eider
Long-tailed jaeger
Parasitic jaeger
Arctic tern
Northern gannet
Murre
Common murre
(Atlantic guillemot)
Thick-billed murre
(Brünnich’s Guillemot)
Sabine’s gull
Fish
Acipenser spp.
Anarhichas denticulatus
Anarhichas lupus
Anarhichas minor
Antimora rostrata
Boreogadus saida
Brosme brosme
Catostomus catostomus
Catostomus commersoni
Clupea spp.
Clupea harengus
Coregonus spp.
Coregonus artedii
Coregonus autumnalis
Coregonus clupeaformis
Coregonus lavaretus
Coregonus muksun
Coregonus nasus
Coregonus nelma
Coregonus pidschian
Coregonus sardinella
Coryphaenoides rupestris
Cottus cognatus
Couesius plumbeus
Cyclopterus lumpus
Dallia pectoralis
Eleginus navaga
Esox lucius
Esox reicherti
Gadus spp.
Gadus macrocephalus
Gadus morhua
Gadus ogac
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Hiodon alosoides
Hippoglossoides platesoides
Hippoglossus hippoglossus
Lota lota
Lycodes eudipleurostichus
Mallotus villosus
Melanogrammus aeglefinus
Myoxocephalus quadricornis
Myoxycephalus scorpius
Oncorhynchus spp.
Oncorhynchus keta
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Osmerus mordax
Pandalus borealis
Perca flavescens
Sturgeon
Jelly wolffish
Atlantic wolffish
Spotted wolffish
Blue hake
Arctic cod (Polar cod)
Tusk (Cusk)
Longnose sucker
Sucker (White sucker)
Herring
Atlantic herring (Pacific herring)
Whitefish (Cisco)
Cisco (Lake herring)
Arctic cisco
Lake whitefish
European whitefish (Powan)
Muksun
Broad whitefish
Nelma
Humpback whitefish
Least cisco
Round nosed grenadier
Slimy sculpin
Lake chub
Lumpfish
Alaska blackfish
Navaga
Pike
Northern pike
Cod
Pacific cod
Atlantic cod
Greenland cod
Three-spined stickleback
Goldeye
Long rough dab
(American plaice)
Atlantic halibut
Burbot (Lingcod, Loche)
Eelpout
Capelin
Haddock
Four-horned sculpin
Shorthorn sculpin
Pacific salmon
Chum salmon
Coho salmon
Chinook salmon
Smelt (Rainbow smelt)
Shrimp
Yellow perch
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AMAP Assessment Report
Perca fluviatilis
Phoxinus phoxinus
Phoxinus phoxinus
Pollachius virens
Prosopium cylindraceum
Pseudopleuronectes americanus
Pungitius pungitius
Reinhardtius hippoglossoides
Salmo spp.
Salmo salar
Salmo trutta
Salmo trutta lacustris
Salvelinus spp.
Salvelinus alpinus
Salvelinus malma
Salvelinus namaycush
Sebastes spp.
Sebastes marinus
Sebastes mentella
Somniosus microcephalus
Stenodus leucichthys
Stizostedion vitreum
Thymallus arcticus
Perch
European minnow
Minnow
Coal fish
Round whitefish
Winter flounder
Nine-spined stickleback
Greenland halibut (Turbot)
Salmon, Trout
Atlantic salmon
Brown trout
Lake trout
Trout
Arctic char
Dolly varden
Lake trout, Lake char
(Common lake charr)
Redfish
Redfish
Redfish
Greenland shark
Inconnu (Sheefish)
Pickerel (Walleye)
Arctic grayling
Marine mammals
Balaena mysticetus
Balaenoptera acutorostrata
Balaenoptera borealis
Balaenoptera musculus
Balaenoptera physalus
Callorhinus ursinus
Cystophora cristata
Delphinapterus leucas
Enhydra lutris
Erignathus barbatus
Eschrichtius robustus
Eumetopias jubatus
Globicephala macrorhynchus
Globicephala melaena
Globicephala melas
Halichoerus grypus
Lagenorhyncus acutus
Lagenorhyncus albirostris
Megaptera novaeangliae
Monodon monoceros
Odobenus rosmarus
Odobenus rosmarus divergens
Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus
Orcinus orca
Pagophilus groenlandicus
(Phoca groenlandica)
Phoca fasciata
Phoca groenlandica
(Pagophilus groenlandicus)
Phoca hispida
Phoca largha
Phoca vitulina
Phocoena phocoena
Ursus maritimus
Bowhead whale
(Greenland right whale)
Minke whale
Sei whale
Blue whale
Fin whale
Northern fur seal (Fur seal)
Hooded seal
Beluga (White whale)
Sea otter
Bearded seal
Gray whale
Steller’s sea lion
Short-finned pilot whale
Pilot whale
Long-fin pilot whale
Grey seal (Ranger seal)
White-sided dolphin
White-beaked dolphin
Humpback whale
Narwhal
Walrus
Pacific walrus
Atlantic walrus
Killer whale
Harp seal (Greenland seal)
Ribbon seal
Harp seal (Greenland seal)
Ringed seal
Spotted seal (Largha)
Harbour seal (Common seal)
Harbour porpoise
(Common porpoise)
Polar bear
Lepus
Lepus
Lepus
Lepus
americanus
arcticus
othus
timidus
Lutra canadensis
Lutra lutra
Lynx canadensis
Marmota broweri
Marmota camtschatica
Martes americana
Microtus abreviatus
Microtus gregalis
Microtus middendorffi
Microtus oeconomus
Microtus pennsylvanicus
Mustela erminea
Mustela lutreola
Mustela nivalis
Mustela vison
Ochotona hyperborea
Ondatra zibethicus
Ovibos moschatus
Ovis canadensis
Ovis canadensis dalli
Ovis canadensis nivicola
Rangifer tarandus
Rangifer tarandus pearyi
Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus
Sciurus vulgaris
Sorex araneus
Sorex arcticus
Sorex caecutiens
Sorex cinereus
Sorex daphaenodon
Sorex minutus
Sorex obscurus
Sorex vir
Spermophilus parryii
Spermophilus undulatus
(Citellus undulatus)
Ursus americanus
Ursus arctos
Vulpes vulpes
Vulpes vulpes fulva
Moose (Elk)
Kolyma moose
Arctic fox
European water vole
Bison
Coyote
Gray wolf (Timber wolf)
Siberian ibex
Beaver
Apatania zonella
Arctopsyche ladogensis
Arenicola marina
Baccinum undatum
Baetis lapponicus
Baetis rhodani
Calanus finmarchicus
Calanus glacialis
Calanus hyperboreus
Chydorus sphaericus
Cyclops abyssorum
Daphnia pulex
Diptera spp.
Eualus belcher
Eurythenes gryllus
Heterocope
Kelicottia longispina
Arctic ground squirrel
Grey red-backed vole
Northern red-backed vole
Arctic (collared) lemming
Hudson Bay lemming
Eastern vole
North American porcupine
Wolverine
Brown lemming
(Siberian lemming)
Snowshoe hare
Arctic hare
Alaskan hare
Blue hare
Alpine hare (Varying hare,
Mountain hare)
North American otter
European otter
Lynx
Alaska marmot
Black-capped marmot
American marten
Insular vole
Narrow-skulled vole
Middendorff’s vole
Tundra vole
Meadow vole
Stoat (Ermine)
European mink
Least weasel
American mink
Northern pika
Muskrat
Muskox
Bighorn sheep
Dall sheep (Snow sheep)
Snow sheep
Caribou (Reindeer)
Peary caribou
Svalbard reindeer
Red squirrel
Common shrew
Arctic shrew
Laxmann’s shrew
Masked shrew
Large-toothed shrew
Pigmy shrew
Dusky shrew
Flat-skulled shrew
Arctic ground squirrel
Arctic ground squirrel
Black bear
Grizzly bear (Brown bear,
Barren-ground grizzly bear)
Red fox
North American fox
Lower animals
Daphnia middendorffiana
Terrestrial mammals
Alces alces
Alces americanus
Alopex lagopus
Arvicola terrestris
Bison bison
Canis latrans
Canis lupus
Capra sibirica
Castor canadensis
Citellus undulatus
(Spermophilus undulatus)
Clethrionomys rufocanus
Clethrionomys rutilus
Dicrostonyx groenlandicus
Dicrostonyx hudsonius
Eothenomys lemminus
Erithizon dorsatum
Gulo gulo
Lemmus sibiricus
Lepus timidus varronis
Keratella hiemalis
Lepidurus arcticus
Leptodiaptomus minutus
Margaritifera margaritifera
Modiolus modiolus
Modiolus modiolus
Nucella lapillus
Nucella lima
Pelecypoda spp.
Lower animals (misc.)
– benthic cladocerans,
trichopteran
Caddice fly
Lugworm
Common whelk
Mayfly
Mayfly
Lower animals (misc.)
– copepod
Lower animals (misc.)
– copepod
Lower animals (misc.)
– copepod
Lower animals (misc.)
– cladocera/copepoda
Lower animals (misc.)
– cladocera/copepoda
Lower animals (misc.)
– cladoceran
Lower animals (misc.)
– cladoceran
Black flies
Lower animals (misc.)
– shrimp
Lower animals (misc.)
– amphipod
Lower animals (misc.)
– copepod
Lower animals (misc.)
– rotatoria
Lower animals (misc.)
– rotatoria
Lower animals (misc.)
– branchiopod (crustacean)
Lower animals (misc.)
– calanoid copepod
Freshwater pearl mussel
Horse mussel
Lower animals (misc.) – mussel
Dog whelk
Lower animals (misc.)
– marine snail
Clams
Appendix 1 · Reference lists of species names mentioned in this report
Phaeocystis pouchetii
Polyartra dolichoptera
Serripes groenlandicus
Simuliidae spp.
Themisto spp.
Themisto libellula
Thysanoessa spp.
Lower animals
– flagellate
Lower animals
– rotatoria
Lower animals
– cockle
Black flies
Lower animals
– amphipod
Lower animals
– amphipod
Krill
(misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
Higher plants
Abies balsamea
Abies sibirica
Arctagrostis spp.
Arctophila fulva
Betula exilis (Betula nana)
Betula grandulosa
Betula papyrifera
Betula pendula
Betula pubescens
Carex spp.
Carex aquatilis
Dechampsia flexuosa
Eriophorum spp.
Eriophorum vaginatum
Fragaria spp.
Hedysarum alpinum
Larix gmelini
Larix laricina
Larix sibirica
Ledum palustre
Ledum spp.
Luzula spp.
Mentha arvensis
Oxycoccux spp.
Picea abies
Picea abies obovata
Picea glauca
Picea mariana
Pinis contorta
Pinus banksiana
Pinus cembra sibirica
Pinus pumila
Pinus resinosa
Pinus strobus
Pinus sylvestris
Poa spp.
Polygonum amphibum
Populus balsamifera
Populus tremula
Populus tremuloides
Rubus spp.
Rubus idaeus
Rumex arcticum
Salix spp.
Vaccinium spp.
Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium uliginosum
Vaccinium vitis idaea
Viburnum edule
Balsam fir
Siberian fir
Grasses (misc.)
Grasses (misc.)
Dwarf birch
Birches (misc.)
Birches (misc.)
Birches (misc.)
Birches (misc.)
Sedges (misc.)
Sedges (misc.)
Grasses (misc.)
Sedges (misc.)
Cotton grass
Strawberry
Eskimo potato
(Indian potato, masu)
Dahurian larch
American larch
Siberian larch
Higher plants (misc.)
Labrador tea
Grasses (misc.)
Mint
Cranberry (Bog cranberry)
Spruce
Norway spruce
White spruce
Black spruce
Lodgepole pine
Jack pine
Siberian pine
Siberian pine
Red pine
Eastern white pine
Scots pine
Grasses (misc.)
Water smartweed
Poplar
Aspen
Poplar
Cloudberry (Salmonberry)
Raspberry
Dock (Sorrel)
Willow
Blueberry
Bilberry
Higher plants (misc.)
Lingonberry
(Lowbush cranberry)
High-bush cranberry
Lower plants
Ascophyllum nodusum
Bryum cryophilum
Cetraria spp.
Cetraria islandica
Cladonia spp.
Cladonia alpestris
Cladonia arbuscula
Cladonia rangiferina
Drepanocladus revolvens
Equisetum limosum
Fucus vesiculosus
Hylocomium splendens
Hypogymnia physodes
Melanelia olivacea
Mucor hiemalis
Parmelia olivacea
Parmelia sulcata
Penicillium brevicompactum
Penicillium spinulosum
Sphagnum spp.
Steroecaulon paschale
Truncatella truncata
Knotted wrack
Bryophytes (Mosses)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Reindeer lichen
Bryophytes (Mosses)
Horsetail
Bladder wrack
Bryophytes (Mosses)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Fungi (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Lichens (misc.)
Fungi (misc.)
Fungi (misc.)
Bryophytes (Mosses)
Lichens (misc.)
Fungi (misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
(misc.)
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