The Sunni Revival
and other developments
A return to the Crusades
• What was the last territory ceded by the
•
•
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Crusaders in the Eastern Mediterranean ? (2
points)
What made this place so attractive to
Europeans? (2 points)
Name the three major orders of knights
established in the Holy Land. (3 points)
Name the anachronistic historical site and
building where Indiana Jones finally was to
find the Holy Grail. (3 points – one for the
site and additional two for the building)
Answers:
• The island of Cyprus
• Sugar production
• Hospitallers, Teutonic knights, and the
Knights Templar
• The khazneh at Petra
The Seljuks of Rum
• Battle of Manzikert
• Capitals at Iznik and then Konya
• Independent Seljuk Dynasty
• Trade with Genoese
• Vassals to the Mongols
A new architectural Anatolia
Gevher Nesibe Hospital and
Medical Center (Dar al-Shifa) and
Medical School (Medrese)
complex (külliye) in Kayseri,
Hanabat Caravanserai in Çardak
Rumi
• Mawlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muḥammad
Balkhī (1207-1273)
• Mawlawiyya Sufi Order
• Settled in Konya
• Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi and Masnavi
• Major theme –Tawhid
• Insan Kamil (?)
Shams of Tabriz as
portrayed in a
1500 painting in a
page of a copy of
Rumi's poem
dedicated to
Shams. BNF Paris.
I died as a mineral and became a
plant,
I died as plant and rose to animal,
I died as animal and I was Man.
Why should I fear? When was I less by
dying?
Yet once more I shall die as Man, to
soar
With angels bless'd; but even from
angelhood
I must pass on: all except God doth
perish.
When I have sacrificed my angel-soul,
I shall become what no mind e'er
conceived.
Oh, let me not exist! for Non-existence
Proclaims in organ tones,
To Him we shall return.