Antebellum Reform Movements
Abolition
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the American Anti-slavery Society (est. 1833)
o Abby Kelly
1840: American and Foreign Anti-slavery Society established
Mariah Stewart
Sarah and Angela Grimké
Catharine Beecher
Wider context: Jacksonianism (1810s‒1840s)
The Women’s Rights Movement
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World Anti-slavery Convention in London, 1840
Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Seneca Falls Convention (1848) → Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (1848)
goals: legal & economic rights vs. political rights
Temperance
 nativism
Stephen Graham (d. 1851) and the Graham cracker
Mary Gove Nichols (1810‒84) and the Solitary Vice (1839)
Communitarian experiments / utopian communities
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(Charles Fourier’s phalanxes [die out in the 1840s])
the Shakers
o Mother Ann Lee (d. 1784)
Oneida (NY): established by John H. Noyes in 1848
o wife Harriet
o “free love”
o complex marriage (abandoned in 1879)
Mormonism aka Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, established by Joseph Smith in 1830
o New York → Ohio → Missouri → Utah (in 1847)
o polygamy (disavowed in 1870)
HIST 150
Dr. Schaffer