Classification of Animals
Lecture 3
Chapter 32
Overview
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Multicellular, eukaryotic, diploid, heterotrophs
Metazoan clade (Eumetazoans)
Gastrulation (fate of blastopore)
Protostome vs. Deuterostome development
2 or 3 tissues (Ectoderm, Endoderm,
Mesoderm)
• 3: Coelomate, Pseudocoelomate, Acoelomate
• Radial vs. Bilateral Symmetry (Hox genes)
Eukaryotes, Multicellular, Diploid
Phyla
Clade Metazoa
Blastula, Gastrulation
Blastula, Gastrulation, Blastopore
TISSUES (Ectoderm, Endoderm)
Fate of Blastopore
Fate of Blastopore
Alimentary Canal
Alimentary Canal
Protostome vs. Deuterostome
Development
2 tissues or 3?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
How is Mesoderm Arranged?
Coelom Formation
a. Coelomate
b. Pseudocoelomate
c. Acoelomate
Blastula, Gastrulation
Eumetazoa (true tissues)
Porifera (oddball animal!)
Asymmetrical, tissues
Porifera (oddball animal!)
Protostome vs. Deuterostome
Protostome vs. Deuterostome
Bilatera?
SYMMETRY
Bilatera?
Radial vs. Bilateral Symmetry
Dorsal, Ventral, Anterior, Posterior,
Cephalic
Body Plan: Homeotic Genes
Body Plan: Homeotic Genes
Which Phyla are we in?
Which Phyla are we in?
Summary: Main Animal Classification
Schemes
Gastrulation
• True tissues?
• Alimentary canal?
• Fate of Blastopore?
(Protostom/Deuterostome)
• 2 or 3 tissues? (Ecto, Endo, Meso-derm)
• Arrangement of Mesoderm (Coelom)
• Symmetry/Body Plan (Homeotic genes)
Practice Questions!
After The Break!
Quiz Questions
1. What is the name of the clade that all
animals are members of?
2. Do humans show a Protostome or a
Deuterostome development pattern?
3. Does the blastopore become the mouth in
the Protostome or the Deuterostome pattern
of development?
4. Do humans have radial or bilateral
symmetry?
Quiz Questions
1. What is the general name for the class of
genes that determine the symmetrical body
plan of animals?
2. What is the name for an internal body cavity
formed from folds in the Mesoderm of an
animal?
3. A shark had a fin called a ‘dorsal fin.’ Would
you expect to find this fin on its back or its
belly?
Quiz Questions
1. What is the general name for the class of
genes that determine the symmetrical body
plan of animals?
2. What is the name for an internal body cavity
formed from folds in the Mesoderm of an
animal?
3. A shark had a fin called a ‘dorsal fin.’ Would
you expect to find this fin on its back or its
belly?
Quiz Questions
1. Which is the only Phylum in the animal
kingdom that has no symmetry and no body
plan?
2. What is the common name for the members
of this Phylum?
Practice Essay Questions
1. Describe the differences between
coelomate, pseudocoelomate, and
acoelomate animals (10 points).
1. List two main differences between the
protostome and deuterostome development
patters.
Anatomical name for the back of an animal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
Anatomical name referring to an animal’s head?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
A pattern of development where the blastopore
becomes the mouth in the adult animal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
A class of genes responsible for determining the
symmetrical body plan of an animal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
Name for the gastrulation pattern shown by certain
types of animals, such as the Phylum Mollusca?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
Name for an animal whose mesoderm has no pockets
in it?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
An animal whose left side is a mirror image of its right
side is said to have this?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
Anatomical name for the top end of an animal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral
Name for an interior pocket formed from folds in an
animal’s mesoderm?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
Acoelomate
Alimentary
Anterior
Archenteron
Bilateral Symmetry
Blastopore
Blastula
Cephalic
Coelomate
Deuterostome
Diblastic
Dorsal
Ectoderm
n)
o)
p)
q)
r)
s)
t)
u)
v)
w)
x)
y)
z)
Endoderm
Eumetazoa
Gastrula
Homeotic
Hox
Mesoderm
Metazoan
Posterior
Protostome
Pseudocoelomate
Radial Symmetry
Triploblastic
Ventral