AN ANALYSIS ON THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN EDGAR
ALLAN POE’S POEMS
THESIS
By:
EKA YUSRIANSYAH
09360222
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
2014
AN ANALYSIS ON THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN EDGAR
ALLAN POE’S POEMS
THESIS
By:
EKA YUSRIANSYAH
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
2014
AN ANALYSIS ON THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN EDGAR
ALLAN POE’S POEMS
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana
Degree in English Education
By:
EKA YUSRIANSYAH
09360222
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
2014
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Bersungguh-sungguhlah dan jangan bermalas-malasan dan jangan pula
lengah, karena penyesalan itu bagi orang yang bermalas-malasan.
“Hope is the thing with feathers that perches in the soul- and
sings the tunes without words- and never stops at all”
(Emily Dickinson)
“Kawula mung saderma, mobah-mosik kersaning Hyang
sukmo”
DEDICATION
I dedicated this thesis to:
My beloved father and mother,
My young sister and brother,
My sweaty dream,
And my friends.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise is to Allah, the Merciful and Charitable. Because of
his guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis. Also, may
sholawat and salutation always be given to the last messenger Muhammad SAW.
The writer would like to express his deepest gratitude to Drs. Munaz Fauzie
Anwar, M.Pd, as his first advisor and Khairudin, M.Pd, as his second advisor, for
their suggestions, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, their
comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
The writer’s absolutely deserves to thank to his beloved father (Sudjatto), and
his mother (Anis Watin), his young sisters (Nurul and Lita), his young brothers (Oni
and Fahmi), and his grandmother (Rusmini) who extremely support the writer much
morally and materially until this thesis is finished.
In addition, he cannot forget to say gratitude to his sweaty dream, Farah
Maulidya, who is never feeling bored and tired to support and motivate the writer in
finishing this thesis.
And also, he would like to thank to Dr. Arif Budi Wurianto, M.Si and
Supriyadi, M.Pd, for their suggestions, motivations, and consultations during
finishing this thesis.
Finally, the writer would like to say gratitude to the following people:
1. All of my friends in English Department, especially for D class 2009 period
(Baim, Dadan, Guntur, Ulum, Eva, Andro, Putri, Yoana, Evi, and Ipung)
2. My friends in boarding house (Bowo, Eko, Herman, Gok Pol, Okin, Bogel,
Ulum, Rozik, Hulaimi, Arif, and Didin).
3.
My friends in UKM Komunitas Teater (Pak Meong, S.Sn, Bang Roni, Bang
Neo, Bang David, Don Miko, Koher, Irul, and Fida).
4. And my friends in LSO Teater KATAMATI (Bang Johan, Mbak Ratna, Mas
Faing, Codet, Vanggit, Burahen, Dimas, Haedar, Yaman, Nida, and Lastri)
Hopefully, Allah SWT always blesses them all and writes their kindness as
worship. Amin.
Malang, January 2014
Eka Yusriansyah
TABLE OF CONTENT
APPROVAL............................................................................................................
i
LEGALIZATION ...................................................................................................
ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...............................................................................
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................
iv
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................
vi
TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................
1
1.1 Background of Study ............................................................................
1
1.2 Statement of Problem ............................................................................
5
1.3 Objective of Study.................................................................................
5
1.4 Significant of Study ..............................................................................
6
1.5 Scope and Limitation ............................................................................
6
1.6 Definition of Key Term .........................................................................
7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .......................................
8
2.1 Literature ...............................................................................................
8
2.1.1 Prose ..............................................................................................
9
2.1.2 Drama ............................................................................................ 10
2.1.3 Poetry ............................................................................................. 10
2.2 Language of Literature .......................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Denotation ..................................................................................... 12
2.2.2 Connotation ................................................................................... 12
2.3 Poem...................................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Types of Poem ............................................................................... 13
2.3.1.1Narrative Poem ....................................................................... 13
2.3.1.1.1 Epic .............................................................................. 14
2.3.1.1.2 Ballad Stanza ............................................................... 14
2.3.1.2 Lyric Poem ............................................................................. 14
2.3.1.2.1 Elegy ............................................................................ 14
2.3.1.2.2 Ode ............................................................................... 15
2.3.1.2.3 Sonnet .......................................................................... 15
2.3.1.2.4 Haiku............................................................................ 15
2.3.1.2.5 Villanelle...................................................................... 16
2.3.1.3 Dramatic Poem ...................................................................... 16
2.3.2 The Element of Poem .................................................................... 16
2.3.2.1 Diction ................................................................................... 16
2.3.2.2 Imagery .................................................................................. 17
2.3.2.3 Rhyme .................................................................................... 17
2.3.2.4 Rhythm and Meter ................................................................. 18
2.3.2.5 Tone ....................................................................................... 19
2.3.2.6 Figurative Language .............................................................. 19
2.3.2.7 Theme .................................................................................... 19
2.4 Figurative Language .............................................................................. 20
2.4.1 The Kinds of Figurative Language ................................................ 21
2.4.1.1 Simile ..................................................................................... 21
2.4.1.2 Metaphor ................................................................................ 22
2.4.1.3 Pun ......................................................................................... 23
2.4.1.4 Synecdoche ............................................................................ 23
2.4.1.5 Metonymy .............................................................................. 24
2.4.1.6 Personification ....................................................................... 24
2.4.1.7 Apostrophe ............................................................................. 25
2.4.1.8 Hyperbole/Overstatement ...................................................... 25
2.4.1.9 Understatement ...................................................................... 26
2.4.1.10 Paradox ................................................................................ 26
2.4.1.11 Symbol ................................................................................. 27
2.4.1.12 Allegory ............................................................................... 27
2.4.1.13 Irony ..................................................................................... 27
2.4.2 Effectiveness of Figurative Language ........................................... 27
2.5 Edgar Allan Poe .................................................................................... 28
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ................................................................. 32
3.1 Research Design .................................................................................... 32
3.2 Approach ............................................................................................... 33
3.2.1 Mimetic Approach ......................................................................... 33
3.2.2. Pragmatic Approach ..................................................................... 33
3.2.3 Objective Approach ....................................................................... 34
3.2.4 Expressive Approach ..................................................................... 34
3.3 Research Object ..................................................................................... 34
3.4 Data Collection ...................................................................................... 35
3.5 Data Analysis ........................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ................................................... 37
4.1 Research Findings ................................................................................. 37
4.1.1 The Kinds of Figurative Language ................................................ 37
4.1.1.1 The kinds of figurative language used in the poem “The
City in the Sea” ................................................................. 37
4.1.1.2 The Kinds of Figurative Language used in the Poem The
Sleeper” ............................................................................. 40
4.1.1.3 The Kinds of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“Annabel Lee” .................................................................. 43
4.1.1.4 The Kinds of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“Ulalume” ......................................................................... 46
4.1.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language ........................................... 49
4.1.2.1 The meaning of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“The City in the Sea” ........................................................ 49
4.1.2.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“The Sleeper” ................................................................... 52
4.1.2.3 The Meaning of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“Annabel Lee” .................................................................. 54
4.1.2.4 The Meaning of Figurative Language used in the Poem
“Ulalume” ......................................................................... 57
4.2 Discussion ............................................................................................. 60
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................................ 63
5.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 63
5.2 Suggestions............................................................................................ 64
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APPENDIX
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