Chemistry 11HL
Unit 4 / IB Topics 4.1 and 4.4
Chemical Bonding - Cycle 1 Problems
Ionic Bonding and Metallic Bonding
For all MC questions, also describe why each selection is true or false.
1.
Which statements about the bonding in magnesium oxide are correct?
I
II
III
Electrons are transferred from oxygen atoms to magnesium atoms.
2+
2–
Electrostatic forces of attraction hold Mg ions and O ions together.
Electrons move freely from one ion to another in the lattice structure.
a) I and II
2.
b) I and III
c) I, II and III
d) IV only
atoms of silver
atoms of cesium and oxygen
atoms of copper and tin
atoms of sulfur and copper
a) I and III
b) II and IV
Which of these ions shows the correct charge? (How would you explain your choice?)
a) Al
4.
d) II only
Metallic bonds will form between
I
II
III
IV
3.
c) II and III
3–
b) P
5+
c) Se
2-
d) Be
2–
Element A is in Group 1 and element B is in Group 6 (16) of the Periodic Table.
Which ions would be present in the compound formed when A and B react?
+
a) A and B
–
b) A
2+
and B
–
+
c) A and B
2–
d) A
2–
and B
What is the chemical formula for the compound formed when A and B react?
a) A2B2
5.
c) AB
d) AB2
Which of the following is a correct description of metallic bonding?
a)
b)
c)
d)
6.
b) A2B
positively charged metal ions are attracted to negatively charged ions
negatively charged metal ions are attracted to positively charged metal ions
positively charged metal ions are attracted to delocalized electrons
negatively charged metal ions are attracted to delocalized electrons
What is responsible for the high electrical conductivity of metals?
a)
b)
c)
d)
delocalized positive ions
delocalized valence electrons
delocalized atoms
delocalized ions
+
Chemistry 11HL
7.
Unit 4 / IB Topics 4.1 and 4.4
Which substance at STP conducts electricity because it contains mobile electrons?
a) helium
8.
b) potassium
c) sodium chloride
d) none of these
Given this data:
property
melting point (ºC)
solid conducts electricity
molten state conducts electricity
X
Y
Z
800
no
yes
80
no
no
1200
yes
yes
a)
Suggest the most likely type of bonding in X, Y and Z. Give reasons for each selection.
b)
For substance Z:
c)
i)
Draw a diagram showing what the particles of the solid substance look like. Label
the diagram.
ii)
Annotate the diagram to show the results for the ability of the solid to conduct
electricity.
iii)
Describe (in words or using new annotated diagrams) how your answers to (i) and
(ii) would change for the molten substance.
How would your answers to the questions in (b) change for substance X?
Chemistry 11HL
Unit 4 / IB Topics 4.1 and 4.4
9.
Use an annotated diagram to explain why solid ionic compounds are brittle but metals are
malleable.
10.
Give a detailed account of all important chemical information in this cartoon. (Minimum: 3 points)
11.
Four metals are in two adjacent groups and periods in the Periodic Table, as shown below.
X
Y
W
Z
Their melting points are 1156 K, 1380 K, 1615 K and 3243 K.
Match each metal to its expected melting point. Give a reason for your selections.
Chemistry 11HL
12.
13.
Unit 4 / IB Topics 4.1 and 4.4
This image shows the structure of lithium fluoride.
a)
Annotate the diagram.
b)
Describe at least 3 structural features of lithium fluoride.
NaCl (Sodium Chloride) - lyrics - Kate McGarrigle
Just a little atom of chlorine, valence minus one,
Swimming through the sea, diggin' the scene, just havin' fun.
She's not worried about the shape or size of her outside shell,
It's fun to ionize, a little atom of Cl with an unfilled shell.
But somewhere in that sea lurks handsome sodium
With enough electrons on his outside shell plus that extra one.
“Somewhere in that deep blue sea there's a negative for my extra energy,
Yes, somewhere in that foam my positive will find a home.”
Then unsuspecting chlorine felt a magnetic pull,
She looked down and her outside shell was full.
Sodium cried, “What a gas! Be my bride
And I'll change your name from chlorine to chloride.”
Well the sea evaporates to make the clouds that form the rain and snow,
Leaving her chemical compounds in the absence of H2O.
But the crystals that wash upon the shore are happy ones,
So if you never thought before…
Think of the love that you eat when you salt your meat.
Choose five lines and explain the chemistry (or chemistry error) in each one.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17