Medical Terminology
Chapter 1- Review
1
Elements
Word root –
Combining Form –
Prefix
Suffix
2
Elements
Word root – often a body part
Combining Form – word root + a vowel
(usually O)
3
Three Rules of Word Building
1. A ________ links to a suffix that begins with a vowel.
Examples:
gastr/itis,
append/ectomy
4
Three Rules of Word Building
2. A __________ (_______+ ___) links to a suffix that
begins with a consonant.
Examples:
therm/o/meter
hepat/o/toxic
5
Three Rules of Word Building
3. A ____________ links a root to another root to
form a compound word, even if the second root
begins with a vowel.
Examples:
oste/o/arthr/itis
gastr/o/enter/itis
6
Prefixes
Size:
MicroMacro-
Time:
Pre, ProPost-
7
Prefixes
Size:
MicroMacro-
small
large
(micro/scope)
(macro/cyte)
Time:
Pre, ProPost-
before
after
(pre/natal)
(post/mortem)
8
Prefixes
Relative position:
HypoSuperDia, TransCircum, PeriEndo, IntraRetro-
9
Prefixes
Relative position:
HypoSuperDia, TransCircum, PeriEndo, IntraRetro-
under, below
above, over
across, through
around
in, within
behind
10
Prefixes
A, AnMono, UniDipl, DiploPrimiHomo, Homeo-
11
Prefixes
A, AnMono, UniDipl, DiploPrimiHomo, Homeo-
without
one
double
first
same
12
Suffixes
Diagnostic:
Recording
A record:
Instrument:
Act of:
Measuring Viewing
-------
13
Suffixes
Diagnostic:
Recording
A record: -gram
Instrument: -graph
Act of:
-graphy
Measuring Viewing
-meter
-metry
-scope
-scopy
14
Suffixes - Pathological
-trophy
-osis
-iasis
-pathy
-toxic
-itis
-plegia
-algia, -dynia
(primarily blood cells)
(specific cause)
15
Suffixes - Pathological
(Pathological = having to do with abnormal conditions):
-trophy
-osis
-iasis
-pathy
-toxic
-itis
-plegia
-algia, -dynia
nourishment, development
(dys/trophy = bad development)
abnormal condition (primarily blood cells)
abnormal condition (specific cause)
disease
poisonous
inflammation
paralysis
pain
16
Suffixes - Pathological
-stenosis
-malacia
-megaly
-penia
-oma
-lith
-emia
-emesis
-phobia
17
Suffixes - Pathological
-stenosis
-malacia
-megaly
-penia
narrowing
softening
enlargement
decrease, deficiency
-oma
-lith
tumor
stone
-emia
-emesis
-phobia
blood condition
vomiting
fear
18
Suffixes - Pathological
Swelling, enlargement-edema
-cele
-ectasis
19
Suffixes - Pathological
Swelling, enlargement-edema
swelling due to fluid retention
-cele
a swelling or hernia
-ectasis
expansion or dilation of a space
20
Suffixes - Surgical
Cutting suffixes:
-tome
-tomy
-ectomy
-stomy
21
Suffixes - Surgical
Cutting suffixes:
-tome
-tomy
-ectomy
-stomy
cutting instrument
an incision
surgical removal, excision
procedure that forms an opening
(from Latin “stoma” = mouth)
22
Suffixes - Pathological
The rrh suffixes:
-rrhea
-rrhexis
-rrhage, rrhagia
And from the surgical suffixes,
-rrhaphy
23
Suffixes - Pathological
The rrh suffixes:
-rrhea
discharge, flow
-rrhexis
rupture
-rrhage, rrhagia
bursting (of)
(diarrhea)
(burst out in rage)
(hemmorrhage)
And from the surgical suffixes,
-rrhaphy
suturing
24
Suffixes - Surgical
Physical changes:
-centesis
-plasty
-desis
-pexy
-tripsy
-rrhaphy
-lysis
-clast
25
Suffixes - Surgical
Physical changes:
-centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid
-plasty
surgical repair
-desis
fixation, immobilization of a bony joint
-pexy
fixation of an organ
-tripsy
crushing (like kidney stones)
-rrhaphy
-lysis
-clast
suturing
separation, destruction, dissolving
to break
26
Give the plural of the word below:
thrombus
vertebra
diverticulum
diagnosis
thorax
appendix
lumen
spermatozoon
sarcoma
ovary
27
Give the singular of the word below:
thrombi
vertebrae
diverticula
diagnoses
thoraces
appendices
lumina
spermatozoa
sarcomata
ovaries
28