Name:_____________________________
UNIT 14
**MUST WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES = for full credit
11A
Understand the connections between levels of development and economic
activities (primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary
11B
Identify the factors affecting the location of different types of economic activities including subsistence and
commercial agriculture manufacturing, and service industry
11C
Assess how changes in the climate, resources, infrastructure (technology
transportation, and communication) affect the location and patterns of
economic activities
VOCAB
Primary Economic Activities
ESPN
Growing wheat would be what type of Economic
activity?
Primary economic activities are directly
dependent on the land. EXAMPLES: Using
land (farming or hunting), water (for drinking
or fishing), minerals, and lumber from trees.
Primary = RED collar jobs
What are a few other examples of primary economic
activities?
Some people used to say that Australia (in the
past) was `riding on the sheep’s back’. What
they meant was that Australia's economy
depended heavily on the sheep industry.
What color do they associate with primary economic
activities?
What did some people say about the Australia in the
past......and what did they mean by it?
What do secondary economic activities involve?
Secondary Economic Activities
Secondary economic activities directly involve
processing raw materials and making things
out of them so turning basic stuff into stuff
you can sell. EXAMPLES: Manufacturing steel
and construction (making houses / mobile
homes) along with textile production and
smelting.
Would cutting down wood for firewood be
considered a secondary economic activity? Why or
why not?
Secondary = BLUE collar jobs
Secondary economic activities were really big
in the 1950s-1980s. Now, with low tariffs
(import taxes), other countries can sell things
like steel cheaper than many US companies
can make it....though others point out that
some steel from some other countries tends
to be inferior to American steel. Building a
building with steel that is inferior means it is
not as strong asn the chances of a building
collapse is much higher.
What are a few examples of secondary economic
activities?
Why would some people buy inferior steel?
Secondary economic activities such as
computer manufacturing and
bi-engineering are still going strong even
though many of the other areas are declining.
What could happen if contractors use inferior steel?
What are some secondary economic activities that
are still going strong?
What color do they associate with secondary
economic activities?
What does outsourced mean?
Tertiary Economic activities
Tertiary Economic activities include the
exchange and production of goods along with
the service industry. Retail and wholesale jobs
along with transportation and distribution are
part of this along with the media. Some
tertiary jobs can be outsourced (jobs that used
to be American are now overseas)
What type of jobs involve tertiary economic
activities?
Tertiary = WHITE collar jobs
What do quaternary economic activities include?
Quaternary Economic activities
Quaternary economic activities include the
knowledge and skill jobs. EXAMPLES:
computer programmers, stock fund managers,
tax consultants, teachers, accountants, and R
& D (Research and Design jobs). Some
quaternary jobs can also be outsourced ((jobs
that used to be American are now overseas).
What are 5 examples of quaternary economic jobs?
Quaternary activities are not affected by the
environment or ties to resources.
What does the abbreviation R & D stand for?
Sustainable Development
When did people start using the word sustainable
development regularly?
Sustainable Development is the term that
some people started using in the last 5 years.
Some products that you buy have on their
labels that the product was made with
sustainable development practices since they
want you to understand that they didn't use
too much water or too much land or that they
recycled a lot of things to make the product.
Resources are considered limited now....so
people in the primary economic activities are
often scolded for using what other
people....consider is too much.
What do people want you to know when they label
products made with “sustainable development”
practices.
Which economic activity is often scolded for using
too much? Why?
(Wet paddy) Intensive subsistence agriculture
dominated by wet paddy cultivation -
What is usually grown on a wet paddy?
A rice crop is usually grown and usually people
don't own a great deal of land.....high
population density
Whole families tend to farm and work the
land. Many kids do not attend school and
work instead. College is also not an option for
most. Machines are rarely used. Food yield is
high but considering it takes the whole family
day in and day out to grow things, it is a hard
life.
(Other than paddy) Intensive subsidence
agriculture dominated by crops other than
paddy
If you grew up there, what job would you likely do?
Why can't all of Asia be farmed with a paddy style of
framing?
Because of the soil and some climate issues,
not all of Asia can be farmed with paddy style
farming so instead of growing rice......barley,
sorghum, barley, wheat, and soybeans are
grown in North Japan, north China, North
Korea, and Manchuria.
Wheat is also grown in India along with millet.
What is the major difference of paddy vs. no paddy
type of agriculture?
The major difference with paddy style farming
and subsistence with no paddy, is that
irrigation must be used on the non paddy style
of farming since the water is not naturally
available and abundant like in paddy style
farming.
Where are some plantation farms?
Plantation Agriculture
The Caribbean Islands / Cuba / Virgin Islands
have a very warm climate so they can grow
things in large plantations (farms) such as
sugar cane and fruits along with rubber,
cotton, tea, coffee, and cocoa. Their
What are 5 things that they grow / produce?
economies are largely impacted by the sales of
these plantation crops.
Extensive Commercial Grain Cultivation
Where type of land produces the grain?
The mid-latitudes that have semi-arid lands
tend to produce grain. Corn, Barley, wheat,
and oats are grown. Farms are typically very
big so tractors are definitely needed for
planting and harvesting the fields.
Describe the farms that produce grain
You see much of this mass production of grain
farming in the Parries of America (ex: Kansas),
the Canadian Prairies, the Australian Down,
the Pampas of Argentina, and the Velds of
South Africa.
Where are some of the places that you see mass
production of grain farming.
Mediterranean Agriculture
Mediterranean Agriculture is seen most in the
countries that border the Mediterranean Sea.
A bit of North Africa and California also see
Mediterranean agriculture as does central
Chile and a bit of Australia.
Where ire 3 locations that you can see
Mediterranean agriculture?
What are 3 things that are gown in Mediterranean
agriculture?
Citrus fruits grow exceptionally well in
Mediterranean climates.
Grapes, raisins, and olives also are produced
very well in this type of agriculture.
A big advantage is fruit can be grown year
round so while other countries suffer from
extreme cold in winter, places that are
capable of Mediterranean agriculture, are still
harvesting fruit.
What is a big advantage of Mediterranean farming.
Aspect:
What does the aspect likely affect?
Aspect: the direction in which a slope faces. It
will likely affect the amount of solar energy
received by the plants on that slope.
Factors
What are some of the human factors that determine
agriculture uses?
Physical factors that determine ag: Aspect,
relief, soil fertility, temperature, and the
climate
Human factors that determine ag: laws,
how much land, demand/price for crops,
tradition, and how accessible is the seed
and pesticides is to the farmer.
In developing countries / developed
countries, a decreasing amount of farmers
is the trend. The US now has only around
3% of farmers when we used to have in the
past.....over half farmers.
What are some human factors that determine
agriculture uses?
In developing countries, what are 2 trends?
In developing countries / developed
countries, the trend is that more of the
workers fill tertiary jobs. In the
US....around 80% of the jobs are tertiary
jobs.
Why is Mali considered a LDEC?
LDEC
Less Economically Developed Country’s
(LEDC) are countries whose economies
are not very developed....such as
Mali.....where many of its people are
farmers.
Why is the UK considered a MEDC?
MEDC
More Economically Developed Country
(MEDC) would be countries whose
economies are very strong and have a
variety of products and skills to offer. The
UK would be an example of a high MDEC.
NIC
Why is India moving from a NIC status to a MEDC
status?
Newly industrializing Country. Countries
like India are moving from being an NIC
country to a more stronger one (MEDC)
due to the fact they are industrializing at a
fast pace (even though they just started
recently doing it).
Affects the Location and
Patterns of Economic Activity
What 3 things affects the location and patterns of
economic activity?
Climate affects it–-think about biomes
(What grows / Water / Temp.)
Resources affects it
(What do you have? What can be
sold/traded?)
What is a few questions you should ask about
infrastructure?
Infrastructure affects it
(communication / transportation)
(Can you get to your resources?
(What is the total cost of
shipping?)
State of the unit (Washington)
Draw the outline of Washington
Does Washington look like it has a lot of water?
What are some of the mountains in Washington
State?
What is the highest peak in Washington State?
What was Washington state named after?
Mountains:
-
Cascade Range
Wenatchee Mountains
Olympic Mountains
Mount Ranier (highest peak in
Washington -(14.411 feet)
- Mount St. Helens (erupted 1980)
Major Rivers: Columbia River
Where do half the people in Washington live?
Major roads: Interstate 90
Interstate 5
--Named after George Washington
--71, 362 square miles
--Over half of residents live in Seattle,
Washington
--leading lumber producer
--largest producer of apples
--has over 1,000 dams (so lots of water)Washington was originally called the Columbia
District after the Columbia River
What is Washington a major producer of?
What was Washington originally called?
Country of the UNIT (EGYPT)
What colors is Egypt's flag?
Around how many people does Egypt hold?
What is Egypt considered?
--flag (red then white then black)
--known as Arab Republic of Egypt
--northeast corner of Africa
--considered the "cradle of civilization"
--Over 92 million people...more than other
Middle Eastern nations
--many of its people live on the banks of the
Nile River
--Most of Egypt's interior is made up of the
Sahara Desert
-- has one of the largest diversified economies
in the Middle East
--part of the UN and the African Nations
--Government: Unitary semi-presidential
republic
--Ancient writings were in hieroglyphics
What is Egypt known as?
Many of Egypt's people live where?
Why would the people need to live there versus the
Sahara Desert?
What kind of writing did ancient Egyptians use?