Art Syllabus T Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Normal (Technical) Level (2018) (Syllabus 6126) CONTENTS Page 2 INTRODUCTION AIMS 2 FRAMEWORK 2 LEARNING OUTCOMES 3 SYLLABUS CONTENT 4 APPROACH TO DEVELOPING A COMPONENT OF STUDY 5 EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS 6 WEIGHTING AND ASSESSMENT OF PAPERS 6 DESCRIPTION OF PAPERS 7 APPENDIX A 13 Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board MOE & UCLES 2016 1 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) INTRODUCTION The Art syllabus is a journey of discovery where students test new concepts, raise questions, decipher problems and invent solutions. Students venture to connect what they have learnt with their own experiences as they explore the use of visual language in real-world situations. They are challenged to unleash their imagination, forge fresh perspectives and express their views. The syllabus seeks to draw out the creative energy of students with a broad and diverse range of media, including the use of new digital media as a tool for art making and designing. Students apply their knowledge to create solutions to authentic tasks in art and design. Through the creative process, students are empowered with the skills to thrive in art/design-related industries globally. The syllabus elicits the students’ innate sense of wonder about the world and provokes their curiosity, encourages observation and celebrates discovery. Students acquire meaningful knowledge about themselves and their work by engaging with and discussing the works of artists and designers. They become more confident as they equip themselves with visual literacy skills and an understanding of how these can be applied in real life. This document presents the aims, the framework, learning outcomes, content and examination requirements of the Art syllabus. AIMS The aims of the syllabus are to: • nurture an informed awareness and appreciation of art and design • enhance ability to identify and solve problems creatively in visual and tactile forms • develop competency in the use of art elements and design principles, materials and processes • foster self-confidence and a sense of achievement through the practice of art and design • cultivate an inquiring mind, a spirit of experimentation and a passion for art and design. FRAMEWORK The framework for the Art syllabus is structured under three learning domains of Perceiving, Communicating and Appreciating. These learning domains take into consideration the cognitive, psychomotor and affective dimensions that students are involved in when they are engaged in the visual arts. The three domains are interconnected and operate dynamically. Under the domain of Perceiving, students respond to and interpret visual images, as well as make connections between different visual qualities and their experiences. Through observing and analysing visual stimuli in nature, the man-made environment and works of art and design, students develop visual awareness and sensitivities that encourage imagination. Under the domain of Communicating, students develop practical and process skills to express their thoughts, experiences and feelings in visual and tactile forms. This involves investigation and exploration of ideas, organising information and solving problems to effectively express intent and purpose. 2 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Under the domain of Appreciating, students value the visual arts as a means of expression. Students learn to approach art and design works with an understanding of the art elements and design principles. They are able to see the connection of art and design to their lives and better appreciate its significance in the wider context of culture and society. In this way, students are provided with a platform to pursue their interest and participate in the visual arts beyond school. LEARNING OUTCOMES The learning outcomes for the Art syllabus are organised under the domains of PERCEIVING, COMMUNICATING and APPRECIATING. By the end of secondary education, students will be able to: Perceiving • • scan the environment and make connections with personal experiences record from observation and experience Communicating Appreciating • generate ideas in art and design • enjoy the experiences involved in art making and designing • formulate solutions with applications of art elements and design principles • achieve a sense of confidence and self esteem through studio practice • explore creative use of materials, techniques and technologies in art and design • make connections between visual expressions and personal experiences • acquire competence in using art media towards the expression of an idea • respond to works of artists and designers with understanding • • document and communicate work processes value local artworks/designs as part of the development of Singapore’s history and cultural heritage • develop an inquiring attitude and life long interest in the visual arts 3 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) SYLLABUS CONTENT The content is organised into: (A) Foundational Studies (B) Elective Studies Students are required to complete two compulsory components in Foundational Studies and two media components in Elective Studies within the curriculum time allocated for the N(T) course. (A) FOUNDATIONAL STUDIES Foundational Studies comprises two components: Basic Drawing and Basic Digital Imaging which provide students with the opportunity to acquire essential drawing and digital imaging skills. Students will learn to develop and document their ideas and creative processes, and build confidence in generating solutions for a given task. The scope and focus of the two components are described below. 1. Basic Drawing Students learn to use drawing as a mode and medium of documentation and self-expression. Students hone their skills of observation and acquire a basic understanding of the art elements and design principles through the use of drawing as a way of generating, developing and presenting thoughts and ideas. 2. Basic Digital Imaging Students learn digital imaging skills and methods of digital image manipulation. The former includes different modes of capturing and recording digital images while the latter includes image layering methods. This component allows students to harness technologies in unleashing their imagination and expressing their thoughts and ideas. (B) ELECTIVE STUDIES Elective Studies comprises two media components. Each media component allows students to learn practical skills in a chosen medium and essential process skills such as analysis, experimentation and evaluation. Students will apply the acquired skills to generate art and design solutions to given authentic learning tasks. Teachers have the flexibility to develop any two media components from the six media categories as detailed in the table below. The list of examples is not exhaustive and can be extended to cater to the needs and interests of candidates. Media Components Examples Fine Art (2-D) Painting, calligraphy, collage, printmaking Fine Art (3-D) Sculpture, assemblage, ceramics, glass Design (2-D) Graphic design, illustration, computer-generated graphics, fashion/costume illustration Design (3-D) Interior/architectural models, product/packaging design, jewellery, environmental design Textiles/Fibre Art Weaving, screen printing, batik, tie and dye Digital/ Lens-Based Media Photography, multi-media, film, video, animation 4 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) APPROACH TO DEVELOPING A COMPONENT OF STUDY Each component of study comprises a series of comprehensive lessons structured and sequenced to deliver the learning objectives. The following aspects should be considered in the planning of a component of study: • • • • Looking Practising Applying Valuing These aspects are interconnected, dynamic and do not have to be carried out in any particular order. Teachers have the flexibility to structure the different aspects in a way that best caters to the needs and interests of their students. Looking Exposure to the works of artists and designers1 allows students to develop an awareness of the meaning and the impact of visual arts in the world they live in. They learn to value how art and design can be applied to real world situations. Through looking at and discussing ideas related to the use of visual elements and principles behind art and design works, students widen their perceptual knowledge. Looking at art and design beyond the classroom arouses students’ curiosity and enhances their sensory perceptions; for example, artworks in public spaces and advertisements. Through looking, students become sensitised to the visual, tactile, spatial and temporal elements of their environment and are provoked and inspired to further explore their world. Practising Studio practice allows students to make art and design works. Students gain competency and confidence in the use of various art media and technologies for self-expression and design solutions. They learn to manipulate visual elements and principles towards the expression of their ideas and cultivate effective work habits and processes. They also learn to differentiate visual qualities and give form to their ideas, emotions and experiences. Applying Skills acquired through studio practice are enhanced and made meaningful when they are applied in art tasks. An Art Task is an art/design problem contextualised in real world situations to challenge students to investigate and arrive at viable solutions. Within each component study, tasks are designed by the teacher to provide the context to engage learning and offer students the opportunities to apply their acquired skills. Each task is intended to arouse students’ curiosity and stimulate them to make independent choices and generate personal solutions in the creation of art and design works. They learn to actively explore possibilities and employ both spontaneous and deliberate ways to manage their tasks. This promotes independent and meaningful learning. Valuing Valuing inculcates in students the processes of inquiry and a lifelong interest in the visual arts. Students are empowered when they value their own works as well the works of others. Continuous reflection and evaluation of works and processes imbue them with the confidence to express their personal opinions and make informed judgements about visual arts. Through discussions and feedback, students see merits of their work and learn to work on their strengths. This enhances the learning and appreciation of art and design. 1 Teachers may use artworks and designs as listed in the Suggested List of Artists/Artworks Appendix A, or any relevant works from other sources. 5 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS Candidates taking the GCE N(T)-Level Art Syllabus Examinations will be required to offer Paper 1: Portfolio and Paper 2: Art Task. Paper Description Examination Duration Weighting Requirement Paper 1 Portfolio Not Applicable 60% Compulsory Paper 2 Art Task 3 hours 40% Compulsory WEIGHTING AND ASSESSMENT OF PAPERS Level Requirement Assessment Weighting Paper 1 (Portfolio) Compulsory Each candidate is to submit a collection of three art and/or design works from at least two differing media. A brief description of not more than 50 words must be submitted for each work. Submission of the Portfolio will be in the month of June of the examination year. 60% Paper 2 (Art Task) N N(T) Compulsory 3 hours Task question and answer booklet to be given ten weeks before the commencement of the N(T)-Level examination. Six questions will be issued to candidates and candidates are to make response to one of the questions. The answer booklet is for the documentation of the processes and explorations for the chosen question. The final solution is executed on paper of size A3 or A2 during the examination. Each candidate is to submit the final solution and the answer booklet at the end of the examination. 6 40% 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) DESCRIPTION OF PAPERS Paper 1: Portfolio Paper 1 (Portfolio) must be undertaken under normal conditions of classroom study. Each submission must be accompanied by a statement endorsed by the Principal of the school, testifying that it is the authentic work of the candidate. For Paper 1 (Portfolio), candidates are required to submit a collection of three art and/or design works that best represent the candidate’s abilities in at least two differing media. All three art and/or design works must be accompanied by a brief description of the task/s leading to the creation of the final art and/or design work. Each description should not be more than 50 words in length. The portfolio submission is considered complete only when each of the three art and/or design works is submitted with a description. Submission of portfolio is in the month of June of the examination year. Candidates may employ any appropriate media and techniques to express their artistic intentions and design solutions. The following table outlines the different craft/media types that can be explored. This list of examples is neither definitive nor exhaustive and may be extended. Craft/Media Examples Fine Art (2-D) Painting, calligraphy, collage, printmaking Fine Art (3-D) Sculpture, assemblage, ceramics, glass Design (2-D) Graphic design, illustration, computer-generated graphics, fashion/costume illustration Design (3-D) Interior/architectural models, product/packaging design, jewellery, environmental design Textiles/Fibre Art Digital/ Lens-Based Media Weaving, screen printing, batik, tie and dye Photography, multi-media, film, video, animation 7 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Assessment Objectives Paper 1: Portfolio The four assessment domains applied to the Portfolio paper are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Communication of Ideas Aesthetic/Design Qualities Control of Materials and Technical Processes Personal Response The following assessment objectives stated in the four domains define a range of assessable qualities and skills which can be demonstrated by candidates at this level. The domains as assessment objectives are as follows: Candidates should demonstrate the ability to: 1. Communication of Ideas (20%) • 2. 3. Aesthetic/Design Qualities (20%) • apply art elements and design principles • make aesthetic judgement appropriate to the chosen media. Control of Materials and Technical Processes (40%) • 4. communicate ideas and intentions in art making. use materials and technical processes to realise intentions. Personal Response (20%) • exhibit a personal engagement • show evidence of personal expressions and an original input. 8 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Achievement Levels for Paper 1: Portfolio Candidates demonstrate: Assessment Domains Excellent Communication of Ideas (20%) • Aesthetics/Design Qualities (20%) • effective use of imagery to clearly express artistic intentions • effective use of art elements and design principles • ability to exploit a range of qualities of chosen media • appropriate choice of materials and technical processes • skilful application of technical processes to effectively communicate artistic intentions • • a high degree of personal commitment • consistent use of visual expression with high degree of originality • Control of Materials and Technical Processes (40%) • • Personal Response (20%) Good Below Satisfactory Satisfactory appropriate use of imagery appropriate to intentions • elementary use of relevant use of art elements and design principles • elementary use of ability to use some qualities of chosen media • lack of understanding of the use of imagery to represent ideas • weak understanding of art elements and design principles • ability to use • inexperienced use of medium with lack of understanding of its qualities evidence of a selection of materials and technical processes • elementary use of • uninformed use of materials and technical processes ability to apply technical processes to match artistic intent • some • lack of understanding of purpose in the use of technical processes • some degree of personal involvement • limited interest • lack of commitment and interest • ability to use visual expression with some degree of originality • use of clichéd • use of limited modes of expression 9 imagery with limited success in communicating ideas art elements and design principles chosen medium with limited understanding of its qualities materials and technical processes understanding of purpose in the use of technical processes modes of expression 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Paper 2: Art Task Paper 2 (Art Task) provides candidates with an opportunity to display personal and creative expression in art and design processes. Six questions will be issued from which candidates are to choose one. The scope of the questions lies within the following six categories: Fine Art (2-D), Fine Art (3-D), Design (2-D), Design (3-D), Textiles/Fibre Art and Digital/ Lens-based Media. Candidates have up to ten weeks to carry out preparatory studies and record their research and studies to the chosen task in the answer booklet provided. Candidates are to execute their final solution to the chosen task on a paper of size A3 or A2 during a three-hour examination. They can refer to their preparatory studies recorded in the answer booklet. The answer booklet is designed to guide candidates in documenting the processes of investigation, exploration, development and evaluation of ideas and solution/s to task. These can be in the form of drawings, sketches, investigation information/data, reproduced images and annotations. Candidates are to work independently and demonstrate their abilities to generate innovative solutions to the chosen task. Candidates must keep their investigation and exploration within the pages provided for in the answer booklet and may employ any appropriate media and methods to realise their artistic intentions. Preparatory studies must be undertaken under normal conditions of classroom study. Candidates must submit their preparatory studies together with their final solution at the examination. Example of Task: Create a costume design for a Singapore superhero character of your choice for a new action movie, comic book, etc. The costume should reflect the personality and the special powers of this character. You may include in your design any gadgets/weapons. 10 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Assessment Objectives Paper 2: Art Task The five assessment domains applied to the Art Task paper are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Investigation of Task Exploration and Development of Solution to Task Aesthetic/Design Qualities Presentation Personal Response The following assessment objectives stated in the five domains define a range of assessable qualities and skills which can be demonstrated by candidates at this level. The domains as assessment objectives are as follows: Candidates should demonstrate the ability to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Investigation of Task (20%) • utilise a variety of sources to gather information • produce evidence of investigation into a variety of aspects based on the chosen task • make reference to knowledge of works of artists and/or designers. Exploration and Development of Solution to Task (20%) • record the exploration, development and evaluation of ideas in the various stages • show a relevant and consistent inquiry in the development of ideas • explore a range of visual ideas to communicate intentions and solutions to chosen task. Aesthetic/Design Qualities (20%) • show an understanding of art elements and design principles • apply art elements and design principles in the solution to task • make aesthetic judgement appropriate to the chosen idea/media/form. Presentation (20%) • select relevant visuals and information to illustrate work processes • show and connect ideas and intentions through organisation of relevant visuals and information • communicate ideas and intentions through the display of work processes and solution to task. Personal Response (20%) • exhibit a personal engagement in the development of the solution and an original input • demonstrate curiosity, exploration, innovation and reflection • make personal choices in developing ideas using various resources and visuals to accomplish the chosen task. 11 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) Achievement Levels for Paper 2: Art Task Candidates demonstrate: Assessment Domains Excellent Good Below Satisfactory Satisfactory Investigation of Task (20%) • comprehensive and thorough investigation with creative interpretations and highly relevant to task • comprehensive investigation that is relevant to task • some investigation that is relevant to task • limited and superficial investigation with little relevance to task Exploration and Development of Solution to Task (20%) • highly relevant and consistent exploration and development with thorough inquiry of visual ideas • relevant and consistent exploration and development with some inquiry of visual ideas • some exploration and development • limited exploration and development with little relevance Aesthetic/Design Qualities (20%) • effective use of art elements and design principles • relevant use of art elements and design principles • elementary use of art elements and design principles • poor use of art elements and design principles • ability to exploit a range of qualities of chosen media • ability to use some qualities of chosen media • ability to use chosen medium with limited understanding of its qualities • inexperienced use of medium with lack of understanding of its qualities Presentation (20%) • ability to organise and use visuals and information in a selective and thoughtful manner to effectively communicate ideas/intentions • ability to organise and use visuals and information in a selective and competent manner to communicate ideas/intentions • ability to organise and use visuals and information in a basic manner to communicate ideas/intentions • limited ability to select, organise and use visuals and information to communicate ideas/intentions Personal Response (20%) • a high degree of personal commitment • some degree of personal involvement • limited interest • a lack of commitment and interest • consistent use of visual expression with high degree of originality • ability to use visual expression with some degree of originality • use of clichéd modes of expression • use of limited modes of expression 12 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) APPENDIX A Suggested list of artists/artworks2 The Suggested List of Artists/Artworks will be taught as an integral part of each component in Foundational Studies and Elective Studies. The Suggested List of Artists/Artworks offers a wide range of works of artists and designers grouped under the six categories: Fine Art (2-D), Fine Art (3-D), Design (2-D), Design (3-D), Textiles/Fibre Art and Digital/Lens-based Media. Teachers may use the relevant artworks and designs provided in the Suggested List of Artists/Artworks or from other sources to discuss the ideas of the works and the application of art elements and design principles. This is to enhance the learning of practical and process skills in each component of study. Through the Suggested List of Artists/Artworks, candidates will learn how to improve and evaluate their own works using the fundamentals of art and design. The Suggested List of Artists/Artworks is listed in the table below: FINE ART (2-D) FORM Drawing ARTIST/ARTWORK Giovanni Battista Piranesi (Italy) Fantastic Interior 1720–1778, Pen and brown wash over red chalk Leonardo Da Vinci (Italy) Vitruvian Man 1487, Pen and ink Egon Schiele (Austria) Self Portrait 1913, Pencil Painting Liu Kang (Singapore) Artist and Model 1954, Oil on canvas Zhang Xiaogang (China) Big Family No.2 1993, Oil on canvas Georgette Chen (Singapore) Moon Festival Table 1965–68, Oil on canvas 2 Teachers are not required to cover the entire Suggested List of Artists/Artworks. 13 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) FINE ART (2-D) FORM Painting ARTIST/ARTWORK Claude Monet (France) Impression Sunrise 1872, Oil on canvas Piet Mondrian (The Netherlands) a) Avond (Evening); Red Tree, 1908, Oil on canvas b) Gray Tree, 1912, Oil on canvas c) Composition No. II; Composition in Line and Colour, 1913, Oil on canvas d) Composition with Large Blue Plane, Red, Black, Yellow, and Gray, 1921, Oil on canvas Chen Wen Hsi (Singapore) Herons 1990, Chinese ink and colours Roy Lichtenstein (United States of America) Whaam! 1963, Magna on canvas Pablo Picasso (Spain) Guernica 1937, Oil on canvas René Magritte (Belgium) Personal Values 1952, Oil on canvas Collage Print Henri Matisse (France) The Fall of Icarus 1943, Paper cut-out and gouache M.C. Escher (The Netherlands) Reptiles 1943, Lithograph Andy Warhol (United States of America) Time Magazine Cover March 19,1984, Silkscreen Tan Tee Chie (Singapore) Brobak Birds Competition 1966, Woodcut Chng Seok Tin (Singapore) Flowing 1984, Etching 4/10 14 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) FINE ART (3-D) FORM Sculpture ARTIST/ARTWORK Brother Joseph McNally (Singapore) Family Form 1997, Ancient Yew Claes Oldenburg (United States of America) Soft Fur Good Humors 1963, Fake fur filled with kapok, wood painted with enamel Lee Bul (Korea) Cyborg W1 1998, Cast silicone, polyurethane filling, paint pigment Henry Moore (United Kingdom) Reclining Figure 1938, Cast lead and bronze Marcel Duchamp (France) Fountain 1917/1964 (1917 original lost) Sculpture (Public Art) Victor Tan (Singapore) Okay 1999, Stainless steel wire, Singapore EXPO Chong Fah Cheong (Singapore) First Generation 2000, Bronze, Singapore River Roy Lichtenstein (United States of America) Brushstrokes 1997, Painted and fabricated aluminium, Brushstrokes A–F Six piece sculpture installation, Pontiac Marina, Singapore Salvador Dali (Spain) Homage to Newton Installed in 1985, Bronze, UOB Building, Singapore Fernando Botero (Colombia) Bird 1990, Bronze, UOB Building, Singapore Artworks installed in Stations of the North East Line (Singapore) Sculpture (Mobile) Installation (Environment Art) Alexander Calder (United States of America) Finny Fish 1948, Wire, glass, objects and paint Christo Javacheff (Bulgaria) Wrapped coast 1969, Fabric 15 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) FINE ART (3-D) FORM Installation ARTIST/ARTWORK Antony Gormley (United Kingdom) European Field 1991, Terracotta, 40,000 figures Damien Hirst (United Kingdom) The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living 1991, Tiger shark, glass, steel, 5% formaldehyde solution Ceramics Iskandar Jalil (Singapore) Vessel 13 Stoneware DESIGN (2-D) FORM Graphic Design ARTIST/ARTWORK Lucian Bernhard (Germany) Klein-Adler 1914, Lithograph, printed in colour Saatchi & Saatchi (United Kingdom) SIA Logo Quicksilver Logo Design (Australia) James Montgomery Flagg (United States of America) I Want You for the U.S. Army 1917 CD Cover Designs (Various) Packaging Design Apple Graphic Design, Cupertino, CA (United States of America) I-Pod Packaging 2004, Paper board, moulded carton, 100% PCR paper, 5 colour offset printing with a dull film laminate Coffee Club Packaging SP Consulting International Pte Ltd Print Advertisement BBDO Communicacoes Knees – Almap for Mizuno 2004 Oglivy and Mather Rain – for Mattel Hotwheels 2004 Fashion Illustration Issey Miyake 16 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) DESIGN (3-D) FORM Architecture Environment Design Product Design ARTIST/ARTWORK Vikas Gore (United States of America) The Esplanade-Theatres on the Bay 2002, Architecture Singapore Playgrounds Philippe Starck (France) Juicy Salif (Lemon Squeezer) 1990 Ferruccio Laviani (Italy) Orbital (Lamp) 1992, lacquered metal, glass David Lewis (United Kingdom) Beosound 9000 (CD Player) 2001 Charles Eames (United States of America) Chaise Lounge 1948, Hard rubber foam, plastic, wood and metal Joe Colombo (Italy) Tube Chair of Nesting and Combinable Elements 1955, PVC plastic, polyurethane foam and fabric Frank Nuovo, Chief Designer Nokia (United Kingdom) Nokia 8810 1998 Harvey Bernstein (United States of America) Paperclip Clock 2000, Coated steel, polypropylene hands Swatch Watch Designs (Switzerland) Stikfas Blister Pack Toys (Singapore) 17 6126 ART GCE NORMAL (TECHNICAL) LEVEL SYLLABUS (2018) TEXTILES/FIBRE ART FORM Scarf design Tie-dye Batik ARTIST/ARTWORK Hermes (France) Au Dela des Cinq Mers Robert Bailey & Rebecca Schaller (New Mexico) Javanese Batik (Various) SIA Sarong Kebaya Uniform DIGITAL/LENS-BASED MEDIA FORM Animation Video/Film ARTIST/ARTWORK Weta Digital (New Zealand) Gollum 2002, Film, Digital Effects Aardman Animations (United Kingdom) Chicken Run 2000, Claymation Music Videos (Various) Photography Man Ray (France) Tears 1930 Sandy Skoglund (United States of America) The Green House 1990, Cibachrome photo Video Installation Web-based Designs Nam June Paik (Korea) TV Clock 1989 version, Video Installation www.teknoel.com www.dusso.com www.artbyfeng.com 18
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