What does a triple beam balance measure? Mass
What do the roots do? Takes in water and moves it through the plant. It also holds
plant in ground and helps avoid erosion
What do the leaves do? Traps sunlight, makes food, takes in carbon dioxide
What does a plant give off that humans need? Oxygen
Describe one adaption that a plant has: many answers
How can seeds be spread? Wind, water, animal movement.
Are all plant traits and behaviors inherited? Yes, they don’t “learn.”
What do tree rings tell us? Age of tree, growing conditions (rain?)
Are all deserts hot? No, some are cold. They just have <5 inches rain
In which biome do animals tend to hibernate when it gets cold?
Deciduous Forest-when it gets cold the food sources dwindle.
What is an inherited trait? Characteristic you get from parent.
What is an instinct? Something you are born knowing how do to.
Is a lion hunting an instinct or learned behavior? BOTH
How does camouflage help animals? Helps animals to blend in and hide from
predators, sneak up on prey.
Describe any bird beak and how that adaptation helps that bird.
Eagle-curved beak to tear meat, Humming bird long beak to reach nectar, Short beak
to crack seeds, Woodpecker- strong beak to poke holes in wood, etc.
What is a niche? It is an animal’s unique job or role.
What is a predator? An animal that hunts other animals.
What is a producer? A plant and it makes its own food.
What is a primary consumer? An animal that eats mainly plants.
What type of teeth do herbivores usually have? Dull, flat teeth for grinding.
What type of teeth would a carnivores have? Sharp, tears meat
What part of the plant will become a new plant? Seed
What does the arrow in a food chain show? Flow of energy, or energy transfer
What do you call many food chains that are connected? Food web
What is the source of almost all energy? The sun
What is metamorphosis? When animals go through changes
What are the stages of incomplete metamorphosis? Egg, nymph, adult
What are the stages of complete metamorphosis? Egg, larva, pupa, adult
Why does a caterpillar eat so much? Getting ready to be a pupa
What type of metamorphosis does a frog go through? Complete
Do humans go through metamorphosis? No, just a life cycle.
What activities add CO2 to the environment? Cars, factories, forest fires, cutting down
trees, etc.
How do we get the nitrogen we need? By eating food
How are weight and mass different? Weight has to do with gravity and mass is how
much is in something.
What changes on the moon, your weight or your mass? Weight
What is boiling point? When a liquid turns into a gas
What is melting point? When a solid turns into a liquid
What is the melting point of ice? ZERO Celsius
What is the freezing point of water? Zero Celsius
What is the boiling point of water? 100 Celsius
What are the 3 states of matter? Solid, Liquid, Gas
How do gas molecules act? Move around free and fast.
How do liquid molecules act? Flow past one another.
How do solid molecules act? Packed tight and vibrate
Which keeps their volume, but takes the shape of container? Liquid
Where do we get the energy we need? From the food we eat
What is solar energy? Energy that comes from the sun
What type of energy does a toaster give? Heat and light
What is an electric circuit? Path electricity takes
What do conductors do? Allows heat or electricity to easily pass through
What do insulators do? Do not allow heat or electricity to pass through.
What materials make good insulators? Rubber, plastic, wood, air
What materials are good conductors? Copper, gold, metals
How is sound made? Vibrations, sound waves
How does light travel? In straight lines
What happens when light refracts? It bends
What might refract light? Water, prism, rainbow, glasses, lenses, camera,
microscope, telescope
What happens when light reflects? It bounces
What might reflect light? Mirror, smooth and shiny surfaces, metal
Which is easier to separate, a mixture or a solution? Mixture
How are most solutions separated? Evaporation
Name a type of force: magnetism, friction, gravity, push, pull
What is friction? How rough or smooth something is
What is gravity? The force that pulls an object to another
How do simple machines help us? They make work easier
What can change the earth’s surface? Wind, water, earthquakes, weathering,
erosion, deposition, volcanoes
Name a change of the earth’s surface that can take a really long time: weathering, a
glacier moving down a hill.
Name a change of the earth’s surface that happens quickly:
Earthquake, volcano, hurricane eroding a beach, etc.
What is weathering? The breaking down of rocks by wind, water, ice. roots
What is erosion? The carrying away of sediments by water/wind/ice/gravity
What is deposition? When sediments are placed in a new area, beaches, deltas form
What is usually found at the bottom of a canyon? A river
How were the Hawaiian Islands formed? Volcano and lava
How do earthquakes happen? Tectonic plates move either side by side, one going on
top of the other, or apart
How are stalagmites and stalactites formed? Minerals deposited over time that has
dripped from water
How long does it take renewable resources to be replaced? In a very short amount of
time, or our lifetime (around 100 years or less).
Renewable resources: trees, animals, water, oxygen, soil, wind, tides, air
How are nonrenewable resources different than renewable resources? They cannot
be replaced in a short time.
Name some fossil fuels: Coal, oil, petroleum, propane, natural gas
What are some renewable or alternative resources? Wind, sunlight, tides, waves,
hydropower, biomass, geothermal
Why is the topsoil best for plants? It has the most nutrients
What does the word retain mean? Keep, hold, absorb
Why isn’t clay a good soil for plants? It doesn’t easily absorb water, particles too
close, water can’t get through
How often to tides happen? TWICE daily—on average, two high and two low, 6
hours apart h—l---h---l
What causes tides? The gravitational pull of the moon
What do all of the planets revolve around? The Sun
What is the center of our solar system? The Sun
Name something the sun is responsible for? Water Cycle, plant growth, Wind,
weather, heats the planet, keeping everything in orbit
Does evaporation only happen at 100 degrees Celsius? NO, wind and light help
What is condensation? Water vapor cools and forms water droplets or liquid.
What causes mountains to become less rough(smooth) over time? Weathering
What is climate? The average weather for an area for many years
What causes wind? Uneven heating of the earth’s surface
How are earth and moon alike? Ice, flat land, volcanoes, gravity, mountains, craters.
How is Earth different than the Moon? Water, living things, air, mass, gravity
How many days long is the lunar(moon cycle)? 28-29.5 days
What causes day and night? Earth ROTATES on axis?
What causes seasons? Earth is tilted on its axis.
How many days does it take the earth to revolve around the Sun? 365
Where is it coldest on the earth? Near the North and South Poles
Why does the moon light up? It reflects the Sun’s light.
How do you measure volume of an irregular object? Water Displacement
What two things do you use to determine density? Mass and Volume
If I want something to float, do I need to increase volume or mass? Volume
If I want something to sink, what do I need to increase--volume or mass? Mass
Does the water cycle truly go in circular cycle? No because it can stay in one stage for
a longer period of time
What would happen to the oxygen/carbon dioxide if more factories were built in your
area? Oxygen levels would decrease and carbon dioxide & pollution would increase
th
What would the date be for a new moon, if the full moon was on April 10 ? April 24th
26 because it’s about 15 days from full to new and visa versa
How many days is between new moon and first quarter moon? About 7 days
What happens first, weathering, erosion or deposition? Weathering, because it has to
break rocks into smaller pieces
An animal flying south for the winter, is that a learned or inherited behavior? It’s a
inherited behavior, which is also know as instinct
The dog lying on a dog bed, learned or inherited? Learned behavior
Bird laying on their eggs, is that learned or inherited? Inherited, because its an
instinct
Which can be changed, learned or inherited trait? Learned trait
Adaptations, do theses happen in a short or long time period? Very long because you
are changing something on the animal over many generations
What is the current conditions outside called? If it’s cloudy or sunny? Weather
What do the arrows in a food chain represent? The energy flow
Are rocks and minerals considered nonrenewable or a renewable resource?
Nonrenewable because they can not be replaced in our lifetime
What two things MUST happen in order for fossil fuels to form? Heat and pressure
If you take away heat energy from a liquid, what state will it change into? Solid
What does friction work against? Motion
If I dropped a book and a feather at the same time, what would hit the ground first?
They will hit at the same time (same pull of gravity on both)
Is lemonade a mixture or solution? Solution-one substance dissolved into another
How do you separate a solution? Evaporation
What forms a u-shaped valley? Glacier
What is a valley? A low area between two mountains or hills
Can deposition occur without erosion? Why? No, because you must have
particles/rocks to move in order for them to drop
Caves are formed by dissolving of what sedimentary rock? Limestone
Is a volcano a destructive or constructive force? BOTH-destroy and add land
How is wind created? By the uneven heating of the earth’s surface
What is the job a decomposer? Breaks down dead plants and animals and add
nutrients to soil
Name a decomposer. Snails, mushroom or earthworms
What type of energy spins a wind turbine? Wind Energy
What time of the day will your shadow be the shortest? Closest to noon
When white light is refracted (bent) in a prism, what colors come out the other side?
Colors of the rainbow (ROYGBIV)
What is geothermal energy? Heat energy from under Earth’s crust
What direction does the sun set? West
Having a blue eyes, learned or inherited? Inherited
Added 4/2014:
What measurement unit does a triple beam balance measure in? Grams
Why do animals hibernate?-when it gets cold the food sources dwindle and
the animal conserves energy
What is a prey? An animal that is hunted by another animal
What are the 2 types of metamorphosis and how are they different?
Incomplete Metamorphosis has 3 stages and there is no real change. The
nymph is a smaller version of the adult, but without wings. Complete
metamorphosis has 4 stages and the organism completely changes as an
adult: ex: butterfly
What stage of complete metamorphosis does the organism eat the most? 2nd
stage, the larvae stage right before it changes
What causes light to bend? When light travels through an object the speed
changes.
If you dissolve 25 grams of salt in water how much salt will you have when the
water evaporates? 25 grams
Nonrenewable resources: Fossil fuels, rocks, minerals
What has to happen for something to become a fossil?
It needs to be buried quickly
Where is the earth in relation to the Sun and moon when the moon is full? It
is between the sun and moon
If there is a new moon on May 1st, about when would you experience a full
moon? 2 weeks or May 14th or 15th
When doing an experiment how many times should you conduct your test or
how many trials should you do? At least 3 for valid results/several trials
How many variables should you test at one time? Only 1
Why would you only want to test ONE variable at a time? If you test more
than one variable you will not know which variable affected the outcome
What is the first thing you should do in the science lab if you spilled something
or found a broken beaker? Tell the teacher
Which science tool would you use to measure temperature?
Thermometer
Which science tool would you use to measure the mass of something? A triple
beam balance or a pan balance
What would be the best way to separate small metal washers from small
pebbles? Use a magnet to pull out the washers
Without touching them how could you separate toothpicks and marbles? Add
water and the toothpicks will float
Which science tool allows you to see really small things close up? Microscope
Which science tool allows you to see things that are really far away? A
telescope
What happens to light as it passes through the lens of a microscope? It bends
and makes the object appear larger
Why do seeds sprout or grow in the spring? The weather is warmer and there
is usually more rain. They need water, warmth, O2
How does the adaptation of a pine needle being long, narrow and pointy help
it survive? It doesn’t allow a lot of water to be lost, the leaves stay on the
tree year round and help it use the sun’s light when it is available. It also
doesn’t freeze when it is cold
What are the main things that make up a biome: Climate: temperature and
amount of water an area gets, the type of animals and plants that live there
Why do trees lose their leaves in the fall? There is less sunlight for them to
make food and dropping leaves help the plant conserve energy. The leaves
would also freeze and harm the tree.
Which biome has the most plants and animals and why?
The rainforest because there is plenty or rain and food
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change? A
chemical change creates a new substance and the physical change just
changes the state of matter.
Is water turning to ice a chemical change or physical change and why? It is a
physical change because the ice can turn back into water
Is a log burning a chemical change or a physical change and why? It is a
chemical change because when it burns you will not be able to turn it back
into a log.
What are the 3 main states of matter? Solid, liquid and gas
This state of matter keeps it’s own shape: solid
This state of matter keeps it’s own volume and takes the shape of the
container: a liquid
This state of matter has no definite shape or volume, but will take the shape of
a closed container: gas
Name 3 of the types of energy: electrical, magnetic, light, heat, sound and
solar
What is potential energy? Energy that is store and waiting to move
What is kinetic energy? Energy that is in motion or moving
What forms of energy does a burning fire produce? Light and heat
How does a dam create electricity? Water passes through the dam and turns
a turbine which has electromagnets that create the electricity
When you combine water, syrup and vegetable oil which liquid will separate
and settle to the bottom and why? The syrup will sink to the bottom because
it is more dense.
What causes wind? Wind is caused by the uneven heating and cooling of the
earth’s surface caused by the sun. The warm air near the equator pushes
towards the poles and the colder air in turn moves toward the equator.
What determines how much friction there is? How rough or smooth
something is.
Give an example of high friction: sliding on concrete, rubbing sand paper on
something, pulling a heavy box….
Give an example of low friction: sliding on ice, wheels rolling on a smooth
surface, adding wax to a surface……..
How is a delta formed? Water slows down dropping off sediments in a new
area. Over time new land is formed.
What would cause a puddle of water to evaporate quicker?
Add more heat, add wind, spread out so the surface area is greater.
Why does 50ml of water evaporate quicker in a beaker than it does in a tall
graduated cylinder? The water has more surface area exposed in the beaker.
Water sticking to the outside of a cold water bottle is an example of what?
Condensation-warm moist air is attracted to cool bottle
What is weather? The current conditions of a place; rain, temperature,
sunny, cloudy
Why do storms happen? When a warm front mixes with a cold front storms
can form along these boundaries.
Is geothermal energy and hydropower something we need more of or less of
and why? We need more because it they are renewable
Scientific Method
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Purpose-Why you are doing an experiment
Hypothesis-What you think or predict will happen
Materials-list of everything you will need
Procedures-step by step details of your experiment
Data/Research-Organizing your results in data tables
Conclusion-What did you find out? Was your hypothesis correct?
ROY G BIV-Colors of the Rainbow or Light Spectrum
Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Inner(rocky) Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Outer(gas giants) Planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Full moon-Earth is in middle……… Sun Earth Moon
New Moon-the moon is in the middle…..Sun Moon Earth
If Mass is MORE than Volume = SINKS
If Mass is LESS than Volume = FLOATS