Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Fern/Fern Ally
End/ind/pol
Heigh
(ft)t
Spread
(ft)
ÿIwaÿiwa, ÿiwaÿiwa häwai, ÿiwaÿiwa kahakaha,
Venus’ hair fern, maidenhair fern
Indigenous
1 to 2
1
ÿIwa, ÿalae, spleenwort
Indigenous
1 to 4
4
ÿIwa, ÿalae, spleenwort
Indigenous
1 to 4
4
Asplenium nidus
ÿËkaha, ÿëkaha kuahiwi, ÿëkahakaha, bird’s nest
fern
Indigenous
4 to 6
6
Doodia kunthiana
ÿÖkupukupu, pämoho, ÿökupukupu lauÿiÿi,
Endemic
1 to 2
3
Doryopteris decipiens
ÿIwaÿiwa, manawahua, kumuniu,
Endemic
1
1
Doryopteris decora
Doryopteris subdecipiens (D.
decipiens x D. decora)
Dryopteris glabra var. pusila
N/A
Endemic
1
1
N/A
Endemic
1
1
N/A
Endemic
<1 to 1
1
Lepisorus thunbergianus
Päkahakaha, ÿëkaha, ÿäkölea, puaÿa,
Indigenous
1 to 2
1
Marsilea villosa
ÿIhiÿihi, ÿihiÿihi läÿau,
Endemic
<1 to 1
11
Nephrolepis exaltata ssp.
hawaiiensis
Nephrolepis x medlerae (N.
exaltata ssp. hawaiiensis x N.
multiflora)
Ophioglossum nudicaule
Niÿaniÿau, ÿökupukupu, pämoho, kupukupu,
palapalai, sword fern
Endemic
1 to 4
8
Kupukupu, ÿökupukupu, Hawaiian sword fern
hybrid
Endemic
1 to 4
8
Adder’s tongue
Indigenous
<1
2
Ophioglossum petiolatum
Adder’s tongue
Indigenous
<1
2
Ophioglossum polyphyllum
Pityrogramma x mckenneyi
(P. austroamericana x P.
calomelanos)
Pololei, adder’s tongue
Indigenous
<1
11
Endemic
3
2
Psilotum nudum
Moa, moa nahele, pipi, ÿoÿomoa, upright
whiskfern
Indigenous
<1 to 2
2
Species
Common name
Adiantum capillus-veneris
Asplenium horridum var.
glabratum
Asplenium horridum var.
horridum
Fool’s gold fern (endemic hybrid of naturalized
species)
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 1
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Grass/Sedge
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
Heÿupueo, bentgrass
Indigenous
1 to 2
<1
Carex meyenii
N/A
Indigenous
1 to 3
2
Carex wahuensis ssp.
rubiginosa
N/A
Endemic
1 to 4
2
Chrysopogon aciculatus
Mänienie ÿula, piÿipiÿi, pilipili ÿula, golden
beardgrass
Possibly
Indigenous
1
2
Cyperus hillebrandii ssp.
hillebrandii
N/A
Endemic
1 to 3
1
Cyperus javanicus
ÿAhuÿawa, ÿehuÿawa
Indigenous
2 to 4
2
Cyperus pennatiformis var.
pennatiformis
N/A
Endemic
2 to 5
2
Eragrostis atropioides
Lovegrass
Endemic
4 to 6
1
Eragrostis variabilis
Käwelu, ÿemoloa, kalamälö, lovegrass
Endemic
2 to 3
2
Heteropogon contortus
Pili, lule, pili grass, twisted beardgrass, tanglehead
Indigenous
2 to 4
1
Ischaemum bryone
Hilo ischaemum
Endemic
2 to 3
2
Panicum fauriei var. carteri
Carter’s panic grass
Endemic
<1 to 2
1
Panicum fauriei var. fauriei
Panic grass
Endemic
<1 to 2
1
Panicum fauriei var. latius
Panic grass
Endemic
<1 to 2
1
Panicum torridum
Käkonakona, häkonakona, panic grass
Endemic
<1 to 3
1
Panicum xerophilum
Käkonakona, heÿupueo, panic grass
Endemic
<1 to 3
1
Paspalum scrobiculatum
Mauÿu laiki, ricegrass
Indigenous
2 to 5
2
Saccharum officinarum
Kö, sugarcane
Polynesian
introduction
8 to 11
8
Species
Common name
Agrostis avenacea
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 2
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Herbaceous Plant
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
Endemic
3 to 6
4
ÿAeÿae, water hyssop
Indigenous
<1
8
Bidens amplectens
Koÿokoÿolau, koÿolau
Endemic
2 to 5
4
Bidens cervicata
Koÿokoÿolau, koÿolau
Endemic
3 to 10
8
Bidens molokaiensis
Koÿokoÿolau, koÿolau
Endemic
<1 to 1
1
Centaurium sebaeoides
ÿÄwiwi
Endemic
<1 to 1
1
Cleome spinosa
Honohino, ÿiliÿohu, spider flower
Indigenous
4 to 5
1
Cleome spinosa ssp. nov
Honohino, ÿiliÿohu, spider flower
Endemic
4 to 5
1
Dianella sandwicensis
Lipochaeta lobata ssp.
leptophylla
Lipochaeta lobata var. lobata
ÿUkiÿuki, ÿuki
Indigenous
2 to 8
6
Nehe
Endemic
2 to 6
4
Nehe
Endemic
2 to 6
4
Lipochaeta succulenta
Nehe
Endemic
2 to 6
4
Melanthera remyi
Nehe
Endemic
2
4
Nama sandwicensis
Hinahina kahakai
Endemic
<1
1
Oxalis corniculata
ÿIhi ÿai, ÿihi ÿawa, ÿihi maka ÿula, ÿihi mäkole,
yellow wood sorrel
Possible
Polynesian
Introduced
<1 to 1
2
Peperomia blanda var.
floribunda
ÿAlaÿala wai nui
Indigenous
1
2
Persicaria glabra
Kämole
Possibly
Indigenous
2 to 6
6
Plectranthus parviflorus
ÿAlaÿala wai nui, ÿalaÿala wai nui pua kï, ÿalaÿala
wai nui wahine, spurflower
Indigenous
<1 to 4
4
Portulaca villosa
Pseudognaphalium
sandwicensium var.
sandwicensium
ÿIhi
Endemic
1
2
ÿEnaÿena, püheu
Endemic
<1 to 2
2
Species
Common name
Argemone glauca var. glauca
Pua kala, kala, naule, pökalakala, Hawaiian poppy
Bacopa monnieri
Solanum americanum
Pöpolo, ÿolohua, polopolo, pöpolohua, glossy
nightshade
Possibly
Indigenous
4 to 5
4
Tribulus cistoides
Nohu, nohunohu
Indigenous
<1 to 1
6
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 3
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Subshrub
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
ÿÄhinahina, hinahina, hinahina kuahiwi
Endemic
1 to 2
4
ÿÄnaunau, ÿänounou, künänä, naunau, pepperwort,
peppergrass
Endemic
1 to 2
1
Rumex albescens
Huÿahuÿakö
Endemic
2 to 4
8
Schiedea globosa
N/A
Endemic
1 to 2
3
Schiedea kealiae
N/A
Endemic
1 to 2
4
Sida rhombifolia
N/A
Possibly
Indigenous
2 to 6
4
Tephrosia purpurea var.
purpurea
ÿAuhuhu, ahuhu, ÿauhola, hola
Polynesian
introduction
4 to 6
4
Waltheria indica
ÿUhaloa, ÿalaÿala pü loa, hala ÿuhaloa, hiÿaloa,
kanakaloa
Indigenous
2 to 8
4
Species
Common name
Artemisia australis
Lepidium bidentatum var. owaihiense
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 4
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Shrub
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
Possibly
Indigenous
2 to 4
8
Koÿoloa ÿula
Endemic
8 to 11
11
Hinahina ÿewa
Endemic
2 to 8
4
Maile
Endemic
4 to 11
8
Maiapilo, pilo, pua pilo
Endemic
4 to 19
11
ÿAkoko, koko, ÿekoko, kökömälei
Endemic
2 to 4
6
ÿAkoko, koko, ÿekoko, kökömälei
Endemic
1 to 3
2
ÿAkoko, koko, ÿekoko, kökömälei
Endemic
2 to 11
8
ÿAkoko, koko, ÿekoko, kökömälei
Endemic
2 to 11
8
ÿAkoko, koko, ÿekoko, kökömälei
Endemic
1 to 8
6
Chenopodium oahuense
ÿÄheahea, ÿahea, ÿähewahewa, alaweo, alaweo
huna, ÿäweoweo, kähaÿihaÿi
Endemic
2 to 11
8
Colubrina asiatica
ÿÄnapanapa, kauila ÿänapanapa, kauila kukuku,
kolokolo, kukuku
Indigenous
4 to 8
8
Gossypium tomentosum
Maÿo, huluhulu, Hawaiian cotton
Endemic
2 to 6
11
Hedyotis coriacea
Hibiscus brackenridgei ssp.
mokuleianus
Isodendrion laurifolium
Kioÿele
Endemic
2 to 8
4
Maÿo hau hele
Endemic
4 to 11
8
Aupaka
Endemic
4 to 11
2
Isodendrion pyrifolium
Wahine noho kula
Endemic
3 to 8
8
Kanaloa kahoolawensis
Kohe malama malama o Kanaloa, ka palupalu o
Kanaloa
Endemic
2 to 8
6
Neraudia angulata var.
angulata
Osteomeles anthyllidifolia
N/A
Endemic
6 to 11
6
Indigenous
4 to 11
10
Phyllanthus distichus
Pämakani mähü, pämakani
Endemic
1 to 8
6
Plumbago zeylanica
ÿIlieÿe, hilieÿe, ÿiliheÿe, lauhihi
Indigenous
1
15
Scaevola gaudichaudii
Naupaka kuahiwi
Endemic
2 to 6
8
Schiedea adamantis
N/A
Endemic
1 to 3
2
Senna gaudichaudii
Kolomona, heuhiuhu, kalamona, uhiuhi
Indigenous
2 to 15
8
Sesbania tomentosa
ÿOhai
Endemic
2 to 10
19
Sida fallax
ÿIlima
Indigenous
1 to 11
8
Solanum nelsonii
Wikstroemia uva-ursi var.
uva-ursi
ÿÄkia, pöpolo
Endemic
3 to 4
6
ÿÄkia, kauhi
Endemic
4 to 6
6
Species
Common name
Abutilon incanum
Maÿo, hoary abutilon
Abutilon menziesii
Achyranthes splendens var.
rotundata
Alyxia oliviformis
Capparis sandwichiana
Chamaesyce celastroides var.
kaenana
Chamaesyce kuwaleana
Chamaesyce multiformis var.
microphylla
Chamaesyce multiformis var.
multiformis
Chamaesyce skottsbergii var.
skottsbergii
ÿÜlei, eluehe, uÿulei
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 5
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Tree/Shrub
Species
Common name
Caesalpinia kavaiensis
Dodonaea viscosa
Eugenia koolauensis
Eugenia reinwardtiana
Hibiscus kokio ssp. kokio
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Morinda citrifolia
Uhiuhi, käwaÿu, kea
ÿAÿaliÿi, ÿaÿaliÿi kü makani, ÿaÿaliÿi kü ma kua,
kümakani
Nïoi
Nïoi
Kokiÿo, kokiÿo ÿula, kokiÿo ÿulaÿula, mäkü
Hau
Noni, Indian mulberry
Nesoluma polynesicum
Nototrichium sandwicense
Pisonia brunoniana
Pittosporum confertiflorum
Pouteria sandwicensis
Psydrax odorata
Santalum ellipticum
Santalum freycinetianum var.
freycinetianum
Thespesia populnea
Keahi
Kuluÿï
Päpala këpau, päpala
Höÿawa, häÿawa
ÿÄlaÿa, äulu, ÿëlaÿa, kaulu
Alaheÿe, ÿöheÿe, walaheÿe
ÿIliahialoÿe, coast sandalwood
ÿIliahi, ÿaÿahi, ÿaoa, läÿau ÿala, wahie ÿala,
sandalwood
Milo, portia tree
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
15 to 38
8 to 31
Spread
(ft)
31
15
Endemic
Indigenous
Endemic
Indigenous
Polynesian
introduction
Indigenous
Endemic
Indigenous
Endemic
Endemic
Indigenous
Endemic
Endemic
8 to 27
6 to 27
4 to 27
8 to 76
11 to 23
11
10
11
38
19
19 to 38
3 to 27
11 to 23
8 to 34
46 to 76
11 to 57
4 to 19
4 to 50
27
23
11
11
38
23
11
27
Indigenous
19 to 76
19
Endemic
Indigenous
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 6
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2, Tree
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
Koaiÿa, koaiÿe, koaÿohä
Endemic
76 to 96
76
Kauila, kauwila, oÿa
Endemic
15 to 96
57
Antidesma pulvinatum
Hame, haÿä, haÿämaile, hamehame, mehame,
mehamehame
Endemic
8 to 46
15
Bobea sandwicensis
ÿAhakea
Endemic
34 to 38
19
Bobea timonioides
ÿAhakea
Endemic
34 to 38
19
Charpentiera obovata
Päpala
Endemic
17 to 23
11
Cocos nucifera
Niu, ololani, coconut
Polynesian
introduction
96 to 115
11
Diospyros sandwicensis
Lama, ëlama
Endemic
8 to 57
23
Erythrina sandwicensis
Wiliwili
Endemic
46 to 57
46
Flueggea neowawraea
Mëhamehame
Endemic
96 to 115
57
Kokia lanceolata
Kokiÿo, hau hele ÿula
Endemic
15 to 34
11
Nestegis sandwicensis
Olopua, pua, ulupua
Endemic
31 to 96
23
Pisonia sandwicensis
Äulu, kaulu
Endemic
46 to 57
19
Pleomele forbesii
Hala pepe, leÿie
Endemic
11 to 27
15
Psychotria mariniana
Köpiko
Endemic
38 to 76
38
Reynoldsia sandwicensis
ÿOhe, ÿohe kukuluaeÿo, ÿohe makai, ÿoheÿohe,
ÿoheokai
Endemic
76 to 115
57
Rhus sandwicensis
Neleau, neneleau, sumac
Endemic
11 to 31
11
Sapindus oahuensis
Lonomea, äulu, kaulu
Endemic
23 to 57
38
Xylosma hawaiiense
Zanthoxylum dipetalum var.
dipetalum
Zanthoxylum dipetalum var.
dipetalum
Maua, aÿe
Endemic
11 to 34
15
Käwaÿu, käwaÿu kua kuku kapa
Endemic
15 to 57
19
Käwaÿu, käwaÿu kua kuku kapa
Endemic
15 to 57
23
Species
Common name
Acacia koaia
Alphitonia ponderosa
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 7
4/11/2004
Oÿahu Zone 2
(Less than 50 inches rainfall per year, 150 to 1,000 feet elevation)
Oÿahu Zone 2,Vine/Liana
End/ind/pol
Height
(ft)
Spread
(ft)
Endemic
38 to 57
15
Käkalaioa, hihikolo, gray nickers
Indigenous
57 to 115
38
Caesalpinia major
Käkalaioa, hihikolo, kinikini, yellow nickers,
Hawaiian pearls
Possibly
Indigenous
46 to 57
38
Cardiospermum halicacabum
Pöniu, haleakaiÿi, ÿinalua, pöhuehue uka,
heartseed, balloon vine
Possibly
Indigenous
8 to 11
8
Cocculus orbiculatus
Huehue, hue, hueÿie, ÿinalua
Indigenous
2 to 11
11
Cuscuta sandwichiana
Kaunaÿoa, kaunaÿoa kahakai, kaunaÿoa lei,
kaunoÿa, pölolo, dodder
Endemic
1 to 23
11
Gouania vitifolia
N/A
Endemic
8 to 19
11
Ipomoea cairica
Koali ÿai, koali, koali ÿaiÿai, koali lau manamana,
kowali, paÿaliÿi, ivy-leaved morning glory
Indigenous
11 to 15
8
Ipomoea indica
Ipomoea pes-caprae var.
brasiliensis
Ipomoea tuboides
Koali ÿawa, koali ÿawahia, koali läÿau, koali pehu
Indigenous
19 to 27
15
Pöhuehue, puhuehue, beach morning glory
Indigenous
1
19
Endemic
11 to 19
11
Lablab purpureus
Päpapa, pï, hyacinth bean
Possible
Polynesian
Introduced
15 to 19
19
Species
Common name
Bonamia menziesii
N/A
Caesalpinia bonduc
Hawaiian moon flower
Mucuna gigantea ssp.
gigantea
Mucuna sloanei var. sloanei
Käÿeÿe, käÿeÿeÿe, sea bean
Indigenous
31 to 57
153
Cow-itch plant, sea bean, sheep’s eye
Indigenous
38 to 57
38
Sicyos erostratus
ÿÄnunu
Endemic
4 to 8
4
Sicyos pachycarpus
Küpala
Endemic
11 to 27
11
Sicyos waimanaloensis
ÿÄnunu
Endemic
11 to 31
15
Vigna adenantha
N/A
Indigenous
11 to 15
11
Vigna marina
Mohihihi, lemuomakili, nanea, ÿökolemakili,
pühili, pühilihili, pülihilihi, wahine ÿömaÿo, beach
pea
Indigenous
11 to 15
15
Vigna o-wahuensis
N/A
Endemic
<1 to 2
1
Prepared for the City and County of Honolulu Board of Water Supply
by Gregory A. Koob, PhD.
All rights reserved
Page 8
4/11/2004