TEACHER
a"
HOUR
cRADE tcrENcE sEMEITER REvtEw AND truDY GUIDE
The test will cover all concepts and practices for the ENTIRE semester. Use your
returned work, notes, quizzes, and materials available on your teacher's website as
resources to help you study for the test.
REVIEW OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRACTICES:
. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative?
2. What is an inference?
3. What tool(s) is/are used to measure: base metric unit for each:
mass:
volume:
length:
Length/Distance:
density:
Density:
1
Mass:
Volume:
temperature:
Temperature:
time:
Time:
prefixes
and know when it is appropriate to use each.
4. What is the value of metric
(micro-, milli-, centi-, and kilo-)
5. Know whattool to use to measure with (ruler, graduated cylinder, balance, spring
scale, thermometer, stopwatch)
6. Be able to evaluate the design of an experiment or investigation. Are the right tools
used, are the variables controlled, are the results valid (retest), was the question
tested?
7. Be able to identify the independent and dependent variable, the control (control setstandard/normal for comparison), and the constants (unchanged variables) in an
experiment.
8. Recognize lab safety rules and hazards.
9. Make sure you can read and interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle
graphs. You will also need to be able to explain the information and make predictions
about what might have happened or what could happen using the data given to you.
CONCEPTS:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Changing relevant variables in an experiment will change the outcome.
Upwelling brings cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean to the surface
and these are areas of rich biological activity.
Newton's three laws of motion describe the motion of all common objects.
Force can cause objects to move, stop moving, change speed, or change
direction.
Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atoms of particular elements react or don't react with each other according to
the number of electrons.
The periodic table is arranged in such a way that is shows the structure and
behavior of all the elements.
El Nino Crossword Puzzle
5
o
9
11
15
77
18
Across
Trade winds that normally
bring low pressure to
Indonesia and high
pressure to South America
ln the El Nino of 1982-1983,
the Walker Circulation
Opposite of El Nino
The Southern Oscillation
lndex measures the
strength of El Nino by
comparing pressu re here to
pressure in Darwin
A continent not very
affected by El Nino
The line where warm water
below meets cold water
a bove
Pressure in lndonesia
during normal conditions
lndustry Peru and Ecuador
share fame for that is
negatively affected by El
Nino
1
3
Down
Waves that move toward
South America to stop El Nino
El Nino usually starts in this
5e450 n
Pressure off the west coast of
South America in normal
conditions
During El Nino, there is often
in precipitation in
a
lndonesia
often
areas lTke
fish
in
the
During El Nino,
7
Pacific tend to
10 Cold, n utrient-r'iEh-water th at
rises off the west coast of
South America
weather
t2 El Nino affects
13 An El Nino is conEicfered this
if conditions last longer than
9 months
l-4 Ocean that El Nino takes
place in
16 Slow waves that move towa rd
lndonesia, where they are
reflected
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Put
Nome
bolonce meqsure mos
following bolonces?
The following
the following sieps of the scientific method in the proper order
Z
Nome
USING THE BATANCE
eoch of the
Reseorch the problem,
Observe ond record,
3
groms. Whot mqsses ore shown on
ls
o
Answer:
Moke o hypothesis.
o
ro
roo
o
I
20 30
2oo
loo
qo
40
b
.6
.5oo 600 7oo 8oo qoo
2
60
10 80
?
6
too
l@o
I
to
qo
roo
ldentify the problem.
b
I
Anive of o conclusion.
Test
to20ro4030@7060qOlo0
the hypothesis.
o
o
Motch the following terms with the correct deflnition.
b
T
o
l,
hypothesis
2.
control
3,
vorloble
d
4.
experiment
5,
conclusion
e
6.
theory
a
c
7.
o)
orgonlzed process used to
test o hypothesls
b)
qn educoted guess obout
the solution to o problem
t6
2m
Do
5
I
400 500 600 700 gOO q@
4
5
6
I
1
to
i
Answar
o
I
Answer:
t@o
Za.S a
,-,
lo
2.o 30
.{o
,o
60 70
80
roo 2Oo 3oo 4oo 5Oq-6Oo ?oo 8OO
qoo
I
c)
d)
doto
observotions ond
meosurements recorded
durlng on experlment
o judgment bosed on the
results of on
e)
f)
g)
experiment
o logicol explonotion for
events thol occur in noture
20
30
ao
.50
60
70
80
to
o
roo 200 300 .too loo 600 ,oo 8oo qoo
4
5
a
7
5
!o
l@
1000
Answer:
/53.'
ot2r4r670clo
Answer:
5l*t.Oq
Physlcol Scl€nce 1F8767
J
o
to zo 30 1o 50 60 ?o 8o qo
o
loo 2oo 3oo l@
I
@nstructlonol Fok, lnc.
qo
o
used to show thot the result
of on experiment is reolly
due to the condition being
tested
foctor thot chonges in on
experiment
3
I
i
I
I
Physicol Sclenca tF8767
g
5oo 600
6
"oo
8oo
roo
goo
g
ro
Olnstructlonol Folr, lnc
Best Measuring Units
Answer the word problems below. Highlight the important words and numbers. Remember to write you
answer in a full sentence.
Date:
i
Circle the units that would work best for measuring each object.
( 1 ) A sheet of writing paper
(10) The salt in a bowl of soup
(2)
How far you can kick a
@
(3
)
A
)
ball
(11) A minivan
)
@
The width of a street
centimeters
(6)
(7
)
Yourbed
t.__
,
rz.
Charlie's eraser has a mass of 20 grams. How many milligrams are in
,20 grams?
7o,*r>g
i
:
a.
kilograms
Steven goes to the grocery store and is looking at a winter squash. It
1 .B kilograms. How many grams is the winter squash?
has a mass of
A desk stapler
l,8or3
kitosrams q1g-ram-
@
The water used to wash your clothes
grams
milliliters
ir. Using the information in question 3, determine the number of milligrams
I in the winter squash,
I
I ,EOqotr>r.nq
.O
(16) The amount used to water the lawn
The height of an office tower
kilometers
(8)
,k3
(13) The hair from a haircut
(14)
@
@
,'*-rlffi^t
kilograms
(s
grams
(12) The width of your shoe
A hamburger with everything
lf one paperclip has the mass of 1 gram and 1,000 papercllps have a
mass of 1 kilogram, how many kilograms are 8,000 paperclips?
r.
kilograms
@
centimeters
flagpole
mirimeters
(4
meters
@
,
milliliters
(17) A can of soup
Alargetelevision
grams
(e) The distance to the moon
rs.
A box contains 4 bags of sugar. The total mass of all4 bags is 6 kg.
lWhat is the mass of each bag in grams?
liters
(18) The length
15o"3
of a lizard
i
meters
Copy.lghl O20 1 3
Woilshestworks,m
t
DENSITY
Nome
GRAPHING OF DATA
which hos the greoter mos, qir or leod? Mosi of you would onswer leod, but octuolly thls
question does not hove on onswer. To compore these two things you need
to now how
much of eoch you hqve, A lorge omount of oir could hove q gieoter moss thon o
smoll
omount of leod. To compore ditferent things, we hove to com-pore the mosses of eoch
thot occupy the some spqce, or volume. This is colled density.
densiiy
=
Grophing is o very importont tool ln science since it enobles us to see trends
thot ore not
olwoys obvious, Groph the folowlng dotq ond qnswer the quesflons
berow,
Moss of Uquid
whot
is
moss
volume
the density of corbon dioxide gos if 0, 196 g occupies o volume of l@ mL?
Answer:0
2.
A block of wood 3.0 cm on eoch side hos o moss ot 27 g. whot
block?
ls
r
Uftqb0
the density of this
g. whot
rs
the density of ,copper?
cl)
2
,/
60
o
o
50
=
40
G
30
I
20
Silver hos o density of
g/cm3 ond gold hos o density of I9,3 g/cm3
Which would hove o greoter moss, S cm3 of silver or S cm3 of goll-t
10
9old,,
8101214
Flve mL of ethonor hos o moss of 3,9 g, ond s,0 mL of benzene hos o moss or A.a g
Which liquid
is
denser?
l.
I
A somple of iron hos the dimensions of 2 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm. lf the moss of this
rectongulor-shoped object is 94 g, whot is the density of iron?
Answer:
Physicol Sclence 1F8767
1'
IJ
'l.W
I
i
I
glc
Onsrructionol Foh. tnc.
't6
18
20
22
Volume (cm3).
Answer:
7.
8
t0
.l0.5
Answer:
6,
l5
40
80
/nnt
Answer:Egb]9Lct
5.
20
75
70
Answer:
hos o moss of 99,6
r00
90
An inegulorly shoped slone wqs lowered into o groduoted cylinder holdlng o
volume of woter equol to 2.0 mL. The heighl of ihe woter rose to 7.0 mL. lf the moss
of ihe stone wos 25 g, whot wqs ils density?
4, A 10.0 cm3 sompre of copper
Volume of Llquid (cmr)
't00
Answer:
3
(g)
204
Solve the following problems.
l.
Nome
2.
l
r3.
iA.
t:
Ii
ti
whot hoppens to the
volume?
How mony groms would occupy l2 mL?
I
l
i
lncf.eaSes
As volume increoses, whot hoppens to the moss? i tY I.p.<eS
As moss increoses,
Whqt volume woutd 90 g
5.
Whoilsthedensityof rhetiquid?
Physicol Scienco 1F8767
\ F Cfrr3
59 lCfn 5
occupy?
14
@lnstrucllonol Folr, lnc.
Nome
GRAPHING DISTANCE VS. TIME
DETERMTNTNG SPEED
Plot the following doto on the groph ond onswer the quesiions below.
Dislonce (km)
Time (s)
0
5
10
Speed is o meosure of how fosi on obiect is moving or troveling. Velocity ls o.meosure
of
how fost on object ls troveling ln o certoin direction. Both speJd ona v.lbcitv include
the
distonce troveled compored io the omount of time token to cover this distonce.
0
12
speed
20
30
40
50
60
20
30
42
56
c
o
the velpcity of o cor thot troveled o iotol of 75 kllometers north in l,S hours?
2.
Whqt
ls
the veloclty of o plone thot troveled 3,000 mlles from New york to Colifornio in
4,
30
20
5'
30
40
50
7.
lhe overoge speed ot t = 20 s?
t k m lS
0.b1 l<m fS
2. Whotistheoverogespeedott=30r?
3. Whotislhe occeterotion between 20sondsorl 0. OD-l kfn lS
'1t Kl^n lS
4. Whol is lhe overoge speed ot t = 40 s? O ,
5,
Whot
is
the overoge speed ot t = 60
s?
hI 3
8.
Whoi
is
Physicol Sclence
l9
A cor
o
ls
trovellng ot
.l00
-7.5 h
cor to trovel o disionce of 200 kitometers lf it
3,b
is
iroveling
h
km/hr. How mony hours will it toke to cover o distonce of
A glrl
is
6oos Krn
pedolingJrer blcycle ot o velocity of
la lCt.n
0,
l0 km/min. How for will she trovel in
of I cm/s. How tong wiu inoke the ont to corry o
cookie crumb from the kltchen toble to the oni hill, o distonce of so m? Express your
onswer in seconds, mtnutes ond hours.
&3.3
r.r, ,
"ou,"loll*peed
SOf>S,
@lnsirucfionol Foir, lnc
ot o velocity of
citesf {2 O fiilOS
A plone troveled for obout 2.5 hours ot o velocity of '1200 km/hr, Whol distonce did it
on on,
\Cf,n lS
the occeterotion between 40 s ond oo rr
1F8767
How long would ii toke for
twohours?
L
0. ooq Km ls 2
7. ls ihe object occeleroting ol o conslont rotef O O
6.
mites/hr. How mony miles tie between the two
r,or"12
0.
5.36 l<m lh
lt took 3,5 hours for o troln to trovel the dlsionce between two cities
750km?
60
Time (s)
ls
bOO krn I h
otovelocityof 55km/hr?
6.
Whot
hours?
John took 45 minutes to bicycle to his grondqother's h.ouse, o totot of four kilometers.
120
10
l,
5o fnr/h
Whotwoshisvelocityinkm/hr?
20
In o specific direction
ls
3.
40
10
= -limeSS"
Whot
s.o
G
.9
vetoclfy
l,
50
o
o
= dlslgnce
time
Answer the following questlons.
60
.tE
Nome
(VELOCIW)
10.
tt
.3qn
woter in the Buffolo River flows ot on overoge speed of 5 km/hr. lf you ond o
friend decide to conoe down the rlver o distonce of l6 kilometers, how mony hours
The
ond minutes will il toke?
Nome
FORCE AND ACCETERATION
A
force
is
MOTION MATCHING
o push or o pull. To colculote force, we use the following formulo,
F=
mo
where
Motch the correct term in Column lwlth lts definltion in Column
= force in newtons
m = moss in kg
o = occelerotlon in m/sec2
1,
F
F
=
=
2.
(0.25 kg) (9.8 m/sr)
2,45N
3.
Solve the following problems
l,
4.
Wlth whot force will o cor hit o tree lf the cor hos o moss of 3,000 kg ond it
occeleroting ot o rote ol 2 m/s2?
is
A l0 kg bowling boll would require whot force to occelerote it down on olleywoy ot
o roie of 3 m/s2?
Whot
is
the moss of o folling rock lf It hlts the ground with o force of
147
6OX
newtons?
ll.
u
kinetic
o)
omount of motter ln on object
centripelol
b)
omount of force exeried on on object
due to grovity
moss
c) dlstonce covered per unit of time
occelerotion
d) role ot whlch veloclty chonges over
tlme
e
veloclty
e) speed ln o glven dlrectlon
b_
weight
f)
K
grovity
Jc2_
_L
e_
I
unit of meosuremenl for force
s) energy of motion
h)
tendency of q moving obJect to keep
lnertio
movlng
speed
depends on the moss ond veloclty of
on obJect
momentum
type of force tnbt leeps objects
moving ln o clrcle
newton
k)
ottroctlve force between two obJects
Whot is the occelerotion of o softboll if lt hos o moss of 0.50 kg ond hits the cotcher's
glove with o force of 25 newtons?
on.r".5Lr',0 !g
5.
10.
+
-L
Answer:
4.
7,
L
Answer:
3,
5,
-}.J
Answer:
2.
I
F
Exomple; With whot force will o rubbor boll hit
the ground if il hos o moss of 0.25 kg?
Answer:
Nome
Whot is the moss of o truck if it is occeleroting ot o rote of 5 m/s2 ond hits o porked
cor with o force of '14,000 newtons?
Answer:
Physicol Science
1F8767
23
'iiffi
2rcokq
-_-:--]
Olnstructionol Fok. lnc.
Physicol Sclance tF8767
@lmtrucllonol Folr, lnc
Nome
MEASURING TIOUIDS
Whol volume
is
indlcoted on eoch of these groduoted cylinders? The unit of volume of
ls rnL,
PHYSICAL VS.
CHEMICAT PROPERTIES
Nome
A physicol property is observed with the senses ond con be determined without
destroying
the obJect. For exomple, color, shope, moss, length. density, specific heot ond
odor ore
oll exomples of physicol properfles.
A chemlcol property indlcotes how o substonce reocts with something slse. when
o
chemicol property ls observed, the origlnol substonce ls chonged intJo different
subslonce. For exomple, the oblllty of iron to rust ls o chemicol property. The iron hos
reocted with oxygen ond the orlglnol iron metol ls gone. lt ls now lion oxide, o new
substonce. All chemlcol chonges lnclude physlcol chonges,
closslfy the following properties os either chemicol or physicol by putting o check in the
opproprlote column,
b) /{'55ry,V
c) 23.9 mL
-_
5
Physical
Property
l,
red color
2.
denslty
Chemical
Property
flommobility
-u
solubility
E
reocts wlth ocld to form hydrogen
6
supports combustlon
7
bltter toste
8.
melting point
-4
-2o
d) lbQ mu
4.
e)
f-len-t
-to
,
-5
5,3m1-
reocts with woter to form o gos
reocts with o bose to form woter
hordness
12.
boiling polnt
con neutrolize o bose
s)
3?-rnL
Physicol Science 1F8767
h)
3.5
rryt
L
u ^{1rnL
Olnslruciionol Folr, lnc.
15. odor
Physicol Science 1F8767
38
Onstructionol Fok. lnc.
PERIODIC TABLE REVIEW
Element
tymbol
Atomic #
o
Atomic Morr
He
Boron
R
5
Aluminum
Bromine
Jodium
Potqrrium
Nitrogen
tilicon
lron
Hydrogen
Krypton
,Lr
t3
r
It"
&
Helium
#protonr
_&____
-I It
J
li
)1
#neutronr
g
ol-
lr
r-r5
35
to
l\
23
ll
IC
l'1
rq
JT
Si
1
3q
-,1
1
IL
)o
1
l<l
?8
IJ
l.{
fe,
2tv
5G
A
I
Kr
I
2Lo
L
bG
I
3V
g^1
6O
#lglenqq e:
--i- -_1__
5
oL
5
t3
3s
-1
lt
I
lg
I
1
5
II
{.f
?"1@
D
q&
t,
P
Io
)r
)la
35
# electronr
I
3L-
&
ItOTOpEt AND lONt: Ure the informotion giuen ond your periodic table to determlne the mirring informcrtion
Element nqme
tymbol
# protonr
(w/chqrge)
Cobolt- 60
lodine-l3l
Cqrbon-14
Xenon-133
Cqlcium-45
- loE
t\,orc*^ru- tll
Si\wr
l
Suur/- r e
{o\msno..l2&
Co
T
c
# neutronr
# electronr
1"1
53
U
33
1(
r
1q
21
L"
5Al
5^.t
20
25
Agt*
Lt1
lo
4Lo
Hg'*
9C)
Ql
lx\
Te'
lb
5L
Pb4*
&a-
Ita
1Lo
r15
Neutrql
Neutrql
Neutrol
Neutrol
Neutrql
s3
Ye
La
t2-
Cotion or Anion
(for ionr, the irotoper ore neutrol)
CaJ"ont
18
rafa on
r&
fir or1
5\
1g
anr
oY1
r A\;nr.^
C.cLc
N)=O(n
z
- oiD(,
B-q -IP>
P'
:6
71ctj
-J
6 - >o
>joJ
i,n JY o
(r(DJo
o
C-o
1
s:8
66;(,'
J (' (D(o
B
8q8"
G
R6ii6
:-oq (,
91
q='D@
o
i-t. o
f (o
'J
Cn
?
@
;gf
-
='to P
slo
10
(D J
g
(r
;
=3-d
6-I5
'
log)
o
6
less
proton
o
!=l
ah
o
e'EP
ff
What happens to an atom if we lose or gain protons, neutrons, or
electrons? Use the words in the word bank to complete this
workheet.
lso.f".,"..'
5!'
o=.
oo
i
Eo.9P
Onc
o
€9
oa
=o
@<
iEg eei
** if,r *s'
ig
f,linifl ia
fl a Rilfffi
=aP
6 3646'
ciIrD- 0
6(r)
(^
m
q$
o
€
o
E8 ;gg* 1?giri
=5ri3o,
LO
3
s*liirdr$ffg
Carbon-12
P=6
N=6
Anion
o
Cation (+)
Boron
I
Ions
Isotopes
Carbon- 13
Nitrogen
Carbon- I
One more
proton
Trr.rs
dili'erent numhers
Atoms that have
lost or gained
ol ncutrons
electrons
Atorrs
rvlt h
Nome
CALCU LATING AVERAGE SPEED
GRAPHING SPEED VS. TIME
Groph the following dolo on the grid below ond onswer lhe questions ot the bottom of
the poge.
Iime (min)
Dislonce (m)
0
0
I
50
2
75
Plot
ihe following doto on the groph ond onswer the quesiions below.
Speed (km/hr)
nme (r)
90
lt0
4
(
0.0
10.0
0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
4
2
6
8
'10
50
125
40
140
Eso
!
120
Eo
^ 100
5
o80
o
.€
o
NOME
l,)2n.
CL
a
10
60
4
20
6
8
10
14
12
Time (s)
L As tlme lncreoses, whot hoppens to the
234
Time (mln)
Averoge Speed
l.
=
fn lmr n
2. Afierrhreeminures? 3b m lrn,n
3. Afterfiveminutes? L(m lfnfn
4, Whol is the overoge speed between two ond four minutes? 11 5rn lrnrn
5 Whot is the overoge speed between four ond five minutes? 15 ro lrnrn
Physicol Sci€nce lFE767
r6
3,
Assuming constont occelerotlon, whot would be the speed ot 14 s?
Is
1
Iotol Time
31'5
gf""id t nc(easeS
f Kfn / h
whot
Iolol Dlstonce
whotistheoverogespeedoftertwomtnutes?
the speed ot s sr 2
2,
@nslructlonol Folr. lnc.
9s
4.
At whot time would the oblect reoch o soeed of 45 km/ht?
5.
Whol
6.
Whot would thqshope of the groph be lf o speed of-50.0 km/hr
ro s ro 2o
C
is
the object's occeleroflon?
f km lh lS
is
motntolned from
| \a.} [rn€ O Slope )
'z
7, Bosed on the.infqrmoilon ln Problem 6, colculote the occelerotion from l0
(r \tm lh ls
8,
Whot would the shope of the groph be if the
50.0 km/hr ot 20 s to 30 km/hr ot 40 s?
9.
Whqt
is
s
to 20
s
the occelerotlon in Problem 8?
Physicol Science 1F8767
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Onstrucfionol Foir, Inc,
READTNG
THERMOMETERS
Whol temperoture
iis
Nome
MEASURING
indlcoted on eoch of these thermomefers?
LENGTH
Nome
Whot lengths ore morked on the following centimeter ruler?
bcd
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 I
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Physlcol Sclenca 1F8767
cm
mm
o)
o.5
b)
33
c)
s5
d)
1
e)
t3
5
6
55
1g
Meosure the followlng llnes with o cenflmeter ruler.
f)-
29cm
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s)
3.b_gn
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h)
l.Llcrn
-5
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s)
10
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