Name ________________________________________
District
Science
Map
Review
Hour_______
A Trip Through Geologic Time
■
Review and Reinforce
The Relative Age of Rocks
Understanding Main Ideas
Use the figure below to answer questions 1–4. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
C
Extrusion
B
A
Fault
1.
2.
3.
4.
Intrusion
What is the youngest rock layer? Explain.
Is the extrusion older or younger than rock layer B? Explain.
Is the fault older or younger than rock layer A? Explain.
How could a geologist use the fossil in rock layer B to date a rock layer
in another location?
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct
definition on the line next to the term.
____ 5. fault
a. the number of years since a rock has
formed
____ 6. extrusion
b. a break in Earth’s crust
____ 7. unconformity
c. the way to determine relative ages of
rocks
____ 8. relative age
d. a hardened layer of magma beneath
Earth’s surface
____ 9. law of superposition
e. the age of a rock compared with the age
of other rocks
____ 10. intrusion
f. fossils used to help geologists match
rock layers
____ 11. absolute age
g. the surface where new rock layers meet
a much older rock surface beneath them
____ 12. index fossil
h. a hardened layer of lava on Earth’s
surface
Forces
1. Sharon cruises east at 5 m/s. She then uses her brakes and comes to a gentle stop. As Sharon
slows, how does the direction of the net force compare to that of her motion?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.
Physical and Chemical Changes
Define physical change _______________________________________________
Define chemical change _______________________________________________
List 3 signs of physical change.
1.
2.
3.
List 3 signs of chemical changes.
1.
2.
3.
Write C for chemical change and P for physical Change
1. ___________ Does not result in a new substance.
2. ___________ Change in size, shape, or state of matter.
3. ___________ Molecules separate or combine to form new molecules.
4. ___________ Results in a new substance.
5. ___________ Can usually be undone.
6. ___________ Limewater turns cloudy when exposed to carbon dioxide gas.
7. ___________ Water droplets condense on the outside of your glass.
8. ___________ Crushing a soda can.
9. ___________ Water and carbon dioxide are produced when you burn a candle.
10.___________ Marshmallows melt in a pot.
11.___________ Flashbulbs flashing.
12.___________ Glow sticks glowing.
13.___________ A puddle evaporating.
14. ___________ Red mark appears after a bee sting.
After a tree is cut with a chain saw, it is impossible to put the tiny wood chips back together. The process
cannot be reversed. Does this mean that the cutting of trees with a chain saw causes a chemical change in
the wood? Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
The Effect of Human Activities on Water Quality
Agriculture
Pollution Solutions
Homes
Farms/Agriculture
Factories/Industrial
Wetlands
Industrial
What would be the effect on water quality if precautions were not
taken?
Mixtures
Name______________________________________________
A mixture is a combination of two or more types of matter in which the physical properties of the different
substances are retained. Suppose you put black pepper and iron filings in a bowl. The black pepper and
iron filings do not combine to make a new chemical substance: Both substances keep their physical
properties. Mixtures can be separated by physical means. For example, the mixture of black pepper and
iron filings can be separated by using a magnet to pull out the iron filings.
Define the following words:
Soluble:
Insoluble:
Settle:
Float:
Magnetic:
Mixtures can be separated in many different was, depending on the physical properties of the substances
in the mixture. A mixture of two different sizes of marbles can be separated by using a screen, with spaces
wide enough to let one type of marble pass through but not the other. A mixture of water and sugar can be
separated by allowing the sugar to dissolve and the water to evaporate.
The picture above shows three mixtures. For each mixture, devise a process of separation out the
parts of the mixture. Use the words soluble, insoluble, settle, float, or magnetic if appropriate.
Mixture A:
Mixture B:
Mixture C:
2
Name three consumers in the food web.
4
Name the animals that the small fish eats.
5
When the frog eats the diving beetle, which way does the energy flow?
7
Explain what could happen to the community if all the frogs suddenly died.
Characteristics of Living Things
You arrive on Mars and find a slimy substance that moves when you touch it. Using the 7
criteria for a living thing, describe 5 tests you would run on the mystery substance to see if it is
living or not.
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Chromosomes and Genes
1. Chromosomes are found where in a cell?
___________________________________________________
2. If you were able to unwind a chromosome what would you find
next, and describe its shape.
_____________________________________________
3. Each section of DNA makes up
your_____________________________(hint: it’s not the ones you
are wearing)
4. How many chromosomes do humans have? __________
How many chromosomes do chickens have? (research)
_______________________________________________
5. If your chromosomes disappeared, what would happen? Think
deep. ___________________________________________
6. Does the number of chromosomes reflect how “advanced” the organism could
be?___________________________________________
Gravity…The Force That Holds It Together
Use the diagram to answer the following questions.
A
Star
B
C
1. Which planet a,b,c would take the longest time to revolve around the stat? ______________
Why?
For questions 2 – 5 assume all the planets are made of the same material.
2. Which planet has the greatest inertia? _____________
Why?_________________________________
3. Which one would have the weakest gravitational pull? ____
______________________________
Why?
4. On which planet would you weigh the most? ______________ Why?
_______________________________
5. Explain what affect each planet would have on your mass?
6. Sir Isaac Newton concluded there were two things that kept planets in orbit around a star. Label
those two things on the diagram below.
7. In the diagram above, circle the force and put box around the property of matter.
The Weight Lifter Experiment
Workers in a warehouse repeatedly lift heavy boxes onto shelves 1 meter of ground. The company
is conducting an experiment to find a method to lift the boxes that requires the workers to use
less force. The company built three ramps. Each ramp is made of the same material. The slope of
the incline for each ramp is different. The same box will be pushed up each ramp three times. The
amount of force needed to push the box up the ramp will be recorded. The same box will also be
lifted straight up from the ground a distance of 1 meter three times and the amount of force
needed to perform this task will be recorded.
1m
1m
1m
1. Identify the independent variable in this experiment. Identify the dependent variable in this
experiment.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain the importance of using the same box in each trial and the same material to build each
ramp?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Below is the data collected from the experiment.
Length of Ramp
(m)
1
Amount of force
required to lift
the box (N)
15.9
2
12.0
4
4.2
3, Write an appropriate title for the data table
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
4. Fill in the chart with a reasonable estimation of the amount of force
required if the ramp was 6 meters long.
6
5. Construct a line graph showing the relationship between the length of ramp and the force required to
lift the box.
6. Use the data table of the graph, describe the pattern that exists between the length of a ramp and the
amount of force required to move a box.
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. Supposed a company is trying to decide between using a ramp, a pulley, or a level to lift boxes onto a
shelf. Write a testable question that could guide an experiment that determines which uses the least
amount of force to move the box.
_______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8. Write a reasonable hypothesis for the experiment.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Cricket Chirp
David set up an experiment to see if temperature would affect the number of chirps crickets would
make. He set up a small plastic tank containing an adult cricket, a small aquarium heater, and a
thermometer. For each test, David recorded the temperature inside the container and counted the
number of chirps he heard in fifteen seconds. He repeated the experiment using different
temperatures
65°F
75°F
85°F
1. Write a reasonable hypothesis for David’s experiment.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. Identify the independent variable in this experiment.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. Identify the dependent variable for this experiment.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. In order to create a fair test, suggest three things that the experimenter should keep constant.
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
5. Examine the data table below. Calculate averages for each trial.
Temperature
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
65°F
15
15
14
75°F
31
30
29
85°F
44
43
45
Average
6 - 9 Complete the bar graph below using the information from the data table. Graph only the averages of
the measurements.
Be sure to do the following:
•
•
Finish labeling both axes with categories and a number scale
Draw bars to represent the data, but do not color or shade inside the bars.
10. Write a conclusion for the experiment in the space provided.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
11. Based on the results of David’s experiment, what might David predict the number of
cricket chirps will be on a 95°F summer day?
o
o
o
o
The crickets will not chirp because of the heat.
The crickets will chirp more than the 85°F day.
The crickets will chirp less than the 85°F day.
The crickets will chirp the same as the 85°F day.
12. Suppose that after conducting this experiment, David decided to investigate
further using a fair test. Write a testable question that he could use to conduct a different
experiment that uses crickets.
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
13. Write an appropriate hypothesis for the testable question you wrote above?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
14. Construct a data table in the space below. The data table should be designed so that other students
could use it to record and analyze the data collected during the new experiment. Be sure to label rows and
columns appropriately.
Draw a diagram that to help explain your answer.
Alexander the alien from Out of this World Middle School in a galaxy far away has been studying our solar
system as a part of a middle school project on space. He hid in our Sun’s atmosphere so we would not be
able to detect his presence with our primitive technology. Now it is time to go home. He will pass the
following objects/locations on his way home; Asteroid Belt, Jupiter, Moon, Earth, Proxima Centari,
Mercury, Andromeda Galaxy, Edge of our solar system. Write them below in the order he will pass them
as he leaves the Sun.
Part of Alexander’s project is to discuss why life on Earth is possible and what characteristics of Earth make
it unfavorable for supporting life.
Why life on Earth is possible
Unfavorable for life
Energy and Energy Transformations
Fronts
Front
How It Forms
Type of Weather
Cold front
A cold air mass overtakes
a warm air mass.
a.
Warm front
b.
c.
Occluded front
d.
e.
Stationary front
f.
g.
Types of Fronts
Label the drawings to indicate a cold front and a warm front.
Direction
of front
Warm air
Cold air
Direction of front
a. ____________________
Match the type of front with how it forms.
Type of Front
b. __________________
How It Forms
_____
cold front
a. A moving warm air mass overtakes a slowly
moving cold air mass.
_____
warm front
_____
stationary front
b. A warm air mass is caught between two cooler air
masses.
_____
occluded front
c. A rapidly moving cold air mass runs into a
slowly moving warm air mass.
d. A cold air mass and a warm air mass meet and
remain
stalled
over
an
area.
Element, Compound, Pure Substance or Mixture?
Place a check mark in the box that describes the substance. Some may have one or more answers.
Element
copper
aluminum
iron
charcoal
sulfur
water
salt
Macaroni and cheese
sugar
Gatorade
bleach
glucose
Carbon dioxide
Compound
Pure Substance
Mixture