7B Science
Mrs. Lee
Study Guide for A1.1
1. What are the 6 characteristics of living things?
• Cellular Organization
(unicellular =one cell or multicellular = many cells)
• Chemicals of Life (most abundant is WATER)
• Energy Use (use energy to grow & repair damage)
• Response to Surroundings (stimulus results in response)
• Growth & Development
• Reproduction (produce offspring)
2. What is spontaneous generation?
• WRONG idea in olden times
• People thought “living things come from non- living things”
• 2 scientists disproved it through controlled experiments
3. How was spontaneous generation disproved?
Who?
How?
• Used 2 jars with meat
1. Redi
• 1 jar covered & 1 jar opened
• Flies laid eggs in opened jar only
• Proved “maggots came from flies”
• Used 2 flasks containing broth
2. Pasteur
• 1 flask sealed & 1 flask opened
• Bacteria went into opened flask only
• Proved “bacteria reproduced from
existing bacteria in opened flask ”
4. What are the 4 needs of living things?
• Food
A. autotrophs = make their own food (think of “automatic”
door = open by itself!)
B. heterotrophs = feed on others because can’t make food
(hetero =others /different)
• Water –dissolve chemicals in organisms
• Living Space – some organisms compete for space to live
• Homeostasis – maintain stable internal conditions (think of your
mittens, scarf & snow boots in winter to keep you warm!)