FEWER
ALARMS.
GREATER
SAFETY.
Smart Alarm for Respiratory
Analysis™ Algorithm
How does SARA help?
Virtually every patient-connected device uses audible
alarms to notify caregivers of a change in a patient's
condition or device status. However, numerous alarms
that are not clinically significant are a distraction to busy
caregivers. Reducing distractions from clinically insignificant alarms helps preserve caregiver alarm
vigilance, leading to improved patient safety.1, 2
The Smart Capnography™ family of algorithms* is designed
to simplify the use of CO2 monitoring on Microstream™
technology-enabled patient monitors to improve patient
safety and clinical workflow.3, 4
Smart Alarm for Respiratory Analysis algorithm (SARA)
utilizes Smart Capnography™ alarm management
technology to recognize and reduce clinically insignificant
respiratory alarms, while accurately reflecting the patient’s
condition and preserving clinically significant alarm
vigilance.
™
5
Improves patient safety
a more accurate indication of patient
∙Provides
ventilatory status changes
∙Accurately responds to clinically significant events
Improves patient compliance
sleep may be interrupted less frequently
∙Patient's
because fewer clinically insignificant alarms are
generated during unstable respiratory patterns
such as snoring and periods of pain
Benefits clinicians
distractions and time spent responding ∙Reduces
to clinically insignificant alarms
monitoring helps increase patient safety by
∙etCO2
alerting clinicians to changes in respiratory status
SARA can be found only in Microstream™ technology
capnography-equipped patient monitors.
*Not all Microstream™ technology-enabled patient monitors have all available Smart Capnography™ algorithms.
Smart Alarm for Respiratory Analysis™ Algorithm
Clinical Validation
With SARA, respiration rate (RR) alarms were reduced by 53% overall, and short
duration alarms lasting less than 10 seconds were reduced by an additional
19%. No significant RR alarms were missed with SARA.
Clinical studies comparing
SARA with existing alarm
algorithms 2-5 have shown:
See the Figure for the comparison of reduction of RR alarms and alarm duration.6
creates fewer ∙SARA
alarms overall
Figure. Comparison of alarm events both with and without SARA. Fifty-six monitoring
periods at 2 hours with the low respiratory rate alarm set at 8 breaths per minute.
creates alarms for ∙SARA
all significant events
200
Existing RR Algorithm
171
SARA
150
provides a clearer ∙SARA
indication of patient
ventilatory status changes
102
100
49
50
42
51
22
0
recognized by the existing
algorithm
<10 sec
10-20 sec
20-30 sec
Alarm Duration
1.Weinger MB. Dangers of postoperative opioids. Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF) Newsletter. Winter 2006-2007;21(4).
2.Overdyke FJ, Carter R, Maddox RR, et al. Continuous oximetry/capnometry monitoring reveals frequent desaturation and bradypnea during patient-controlled analgesia. Anesth Analg. 2007;105(2):412-418.
3.Bazin JE. Detection of respiratory depression prior to evidence of hypoxemia in procedural sedation.
Respir Care. 2007;52(11):1568.
4.McCarter TG. End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in patient controlled analgesia. Respir Care. 2007;52(11).
5.Hockman S, Glembot T, Niebel K. Comparison of capnography derived respiratory rate alarm frequency using the SARA algorithm versus an established non-adaptive respiratory rate alarm management algorithm in bariatric surgical patients. Respir Care. 2009;54(11).
6.Colman J, Cohen J, Lain D. Smart alarm respiratory analysis (SARA) used in capnography to reduce alarms during spontaneous breathing. Anesth Analg. 2008;106(4S):S-10.
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