Scientific Revolution/Enlightenment
Galileo Galilei- contradicted traditional
beliefs
Montesquieu- philosopher/Age of
Enlightenment
Isaac Newton- Gravity/Scientific Revolution
Johannes Kepler- Universe in elliptical
circles
Voltaire philosopher/Age of Enlightenment
Divine Right- God gives me the right to rule
Rousseau philosopher/Age of
Enlightenment
1. Explain what the Scientific Revolution was and some new theories/inventions that
developed as a result of it. Scientists questioned traditional beliefs.
2. Explain the central beliefs of the Enlightenment.- improve society through the use of reason.
Political Revolutions
Magna Carta limit power to monarch
English Bill of Rights limit power to monarch
Checks and balances- Judicial, Executive,
Legislative
Berlin Conference- Imperialism in Africa, no
Africans attended.
Imperialism- strong nation takes over a
weak nation
Robespierre- Leader French Revolution
Labor Union- help workers with rights
Napoleon- Leader during the French
Revolution
White Man’s Burden- poem about
imperialism to civilize them
3. What Enlightenment thinker influenced Thomas Jefferson in his writing of the Declaration of
Independence? Beccaria
4. List some ways the American colonists showed their disapproval of the British government
before the outbreak of the American Revolution. Riots, protesting,
5. Compare/Contrast the American and French revolutions- want independence/ lots of death
during the French Revolution
6. Describe the 3 estates in France and note which estate paid the majority of French taxes. .
1st- Clergy, 2nd- Nobles, 3rd- Everyone Else
7. What were some of the underlying causes of the French Revolution? Taxes, power of nobles
8. What were some of the underlying causes of the Latin American Revolutions? Want
Independence
Industrial Revolution/Imperialism
Urbanization- cities are slums bad pollution
Labor Union- better working conditions
Berlin ConferenceImperialism
White Man’s Burden-
9. Explain Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and how that was used to justify racism.
Survival of the fittest- Imperialism / White race will advance
10. How did the population change because of the Industrial Revolution? Population increase
11. List some environmental effects of the Industrial Revolution.- pollution, slums, bad food
12. What were the effects of imperialism in Africa? Slavery, treated badly and racism
13. Explain the difference between communism and Laissez-faire capitalism- Communism-govt
controls everything Laissez-faire capitalism- Business rules!
14. What was the effect of Imperialism on Africa environmentally? - Natural resources were
exploited
WWI/Russian Revolution
League of Nations- goal promote peace
Allied Powers- GB, France, USA, Russia
Vladimir Lenin- Leader of Soviet Union/
Peace Land and Bread
Central Powers- Germany, A-H, Ottoman
Empire
Balkan Peninsula- Powder Keg WWI begins
5 year plans- Heavy industry Stalin
Trench warfare- ditches
Czar Nicholas II- - Last Tsar of Russia and
executed
Alliances- I got your back (friends)
15. List some of the causes of WWI. Assassination Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Balkans powder
Keg.
16. Why was it dangerous for all the Western European countries to be building up their
weapons and their militaries? Lead to Totalitarian government
17. What aspects of the Treaty of Versailles would have angered Germans? Pay reparations, will
lead to WWII
18. List some characteristics of a totalitarian government. Use censorship, secret police and
repression
19. What group in Russian society where in support of communism? Peasants, lower class
Interwar Years/WWII
Adolf Hitler- leader of Germany
Final Solution- Holocaust
Genocide- destroy a race
Appeasement- give into aggression to keep
peace
20. Explain how the Great Depression and the rise of the Nazi party in Germany are related.Nazi’s exploited economic hardships to gain popular support
21. List some common characteristics of a fascist government. Use violence, censorship,
nationalism, blind loyalty
22. What event marks the beginning of the Great Depression? Stock market Crash 1929
23. What is similar about Germany, Italy, and Japan’s actions leading up to WWII? They
successfully invaded other nations
24. What are the causes of WWII? Global economic depression
25. What event marks the beginning of WWII? What event marks the end of WWII? Germany
attacks Poland and Japan attacks China….. US using atomic bomb
26. Explain Truman’s reasons for using the atomic bomb.- shorten the war, save American lives
Cold War-Present
Iron Curtain- imaginary line/divided West
and East Europe/communism
Fidel Castro- used communist principles
United Nations- promote democratic govt
Berlin Blockade- Stalin blockades West
Berlin
Mahatma Gandhi- practice
humanitarianism
Vietnam War- Ho Chi Minh commie leader
Apartheid- Segregation in South Africa
Cuban Missile CrisisNATO- defend West Europe from Soviets
Nelson Mandela protested against
apartheid
Ho Chi Minh- used communist principles
27. What is the purpose of the United Nations Global Peacekeeping
28. Explain some of the causes of the Arab-Israeli Conflict.- (Jewish State is Created, Six-Day
War, Withdrawal from West Bank)
29. Why is the Middle East a high area of economic interest today? Oil, terrorism
30. Describe the process of de-colonization in South Africa-. End European influence in Africa.
Essay prompts
You will choose one of the following prompts to write during your final exam period. Your essay
must be at least 3 paragraphs in length (Intro + 2 body paragraphs).
Choice #1: Explain the reasons for Imperialism of Africa and Asia, and summarize the reasons
for decolonization?
Choice #2: Compare and contrast two of the following revolutions: The American Revolution,
The French Revolution, The Russian Revolution.
Choice #3: Analyze the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II. (ex.
Causes, technology, location/style of fighting, results)