Brief Review in
Chemistry: The Physical Setting
New York Standards
About This Book..................................................................................vi
Strategies for Answering Test Questions..................................vii
KEY
Standard
The Atom.................................................................................................1
Early Studies of Matter
4.3.1a4.3.1k 4.PS3.1i
4.3.1b4.3.1l 4.PS3.1ii
4.3.1c4.3.1m4.PS3.1iii
4.3.1d4.3.1n 4.PS3.1iv
4.3.1e4.3.1q 4.PS3.1v
4.3.1f4.3.1r 4.PS3.1vi
4.3.1g4.3.1s 4.PS3.1x
4.3.1h4.3.1t 4.PS3.1xi
4.3.1i4.3.1u4.PS3.1xii
4.3.1j 4.3.1cc4.PS3.1xxii
Subatomic Particles
Electron Arrangement
Types of Matter
2
Formulas and Equations..................................................................25
Chemical Symbols and Formulas
4.3 4.3.2b4.PS3.2ii
4.3.1w4.3.3a 4.PS3.2iii
4.3.1x4.3.3d 4.PS3.2v
4.3.1cc4.4.1b 4.PS3.3i
4.3.1dd4.5
4.PS3.3ii
4.3.1ee4.5.2g 4.PS3.3iii
4.3.2a4PS3.2i
Atoms, Compounds, and Ions
Writing Formulas and Naming Compounds
Chemical Reactions and Equations
3
The Mathematics of Formulas and Equations.........................45
The Mathematics of Formulas
4.3.1ee4.3.3d 4.PS3.3vii
4.3.3c 4.PS3.3iv4.PS3.3viii
4.3.3e 4.PS3.3v4.PS3.3ix
4.3.3f 4.PS3.3vi4.PS3.4vii
The Mole
Mole Relations in Balanced Equations
4
Physical Behavior of Matter...........................................................57
Phases of Matter
4.3.1s4.4.2a 4.PS4.2ii
4.3.1w4.4.2b 4.PS4.2iii
4.3.1dd4.4.2c 4.PS4.2iv
4.3.1jj4.PS3.1xviii
4.3.1kk4.PS3.1xxii
4.3.1nn4.PS3.1xxiv
4.3.4a4.PS3.4i
4.3.4b4.PS3.4ii
4.3.4c4.PS3.4iii
4.44.PS4.2i
Temperature Scales
Measurement of Heat Energy
Behavior of Gases
Separation of Mixtures
5
4.2.1
Major Understanding
Topic
1
Key Idea
The Periodic Table.............................................................................77
Classifying Elements
Table Information About the Elements
Arrangement of the Periodic Table
Types of Elements
4.3.1g4.3.1z4.PS3.1xiii
4.3.1v 4.3.1aa4.PS3.1xiv
4.3.1w 4.3.1bb4.PS3.1xv
4.3.1x4.5.2f4.PS3.1xvi
4.3.1y 4.PS3.1x4.PS3.1xviii
Properties of Elements
Properties of Groups
iii
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Bonding................................................................................................ 97
Energy and Chemical Bonds
Lewis Electron Dot Structures
Metallic Bonds
The Octet Rule
New York Standards
4.5.2a4.5.2i 4.PS3.1viii
4.5.2b4.5.2j 4.PS3.2xix
4.5.2c4.5.2k 4.PS5.2i
4.5.2d4.5.2l 4.PS5.2ii
4.5.2e4.5.2m4.PS5.2iv
4.5.2h4.5.2n 4.PS5.2v
Covalent Bonds
Molecular Substances
Ionic Bonding
Distinguishing Bond Types
Intermolecular Forces
7
Properties of Solutions................................................................ 117
Solutions
Concentration of Solutions
Colligative Properties
8
Kinetics and Equilibrium.............................................................. 135
Kinetics
Potential Energy Diagram
Equilibrium
Entropy and Enthalpy
The Equilibrium Expression
9
4.3.1ll4.3.4g 4.PS3.1xxiii
4.3.1mm4.3.4h 4.PS3.4v
4.3.4a4.3.4i 4.PS3.4vi
4.3.4b4.3.4j 4.PS3.4vii
4.3.4c4.4.1c 4.PS4.1i
4.3.4d4.4.1d 4.PS4.1ii
4.3.4f4.PS3.1iv
Oxidation-Reduction...................................................................... 157
Oxidation and Reduction
Examining Redox Reactions
Half-Reactions
Electrochemical Cells
10
4.3.1nn4.PS3.1xxvi
4.3.1oo4.PS3.1xxiv
4.3.1pp4.PS3.1xxviii
4.3.1qq4.PS3.1xxx
4.PS3.1xxiv
4.PS3.1xxv
4.3.1ll4.3.4g 4.PS3.1xxiii
4.3.1mm4.3.4h 4.PS3.4v
4.3.4a4.3.4i 4.PS3.4vi
4.3.4b4.3.4j 4.PS3.4vii
4.3.4c4.4.1c 4.PS4.1i
4.3.4d4.4.1d 4.PS4.1ii
4.3.4f4.PS3.1iv
Acids, Bases, and Salts................................................................. 173
Properties of Acids and Bases
Arrhenius Theory
Reactions Involving Acids and Bases
Acid–Base Titration
Acidity and Alkalinity of Solutions
4.3.1rr4.3.1zz
4.3.1ss4.PS3.1xxxi
4.3.1tt4.PS3.1xxxii
4.3.1uu4.PS3.1xxxiii
4.3.1vv4.PS3.1xxxiv
4.3.1ww4.PS3.1xxxv
4.3.1xx
Acid–Base Indicators
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
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Organic Chemistry............................................................................193
New York Standards
Bonding of Carbon Atoms
4.3.1ff4.5.2e
4.PS3.2iii
4.3.1gg4.PS3.1xvii4.PS3.2iv
4.3.1hh4.PS3.1xx
4.3.2c4.PS3.1xxi
Hydrocarbons
Naming Organic Compounds
Functional Groups
Organic Reactions
12
Nuclear Chemistry.......................................................................... 215
Stability of Nuclei
Nuclear Equations
Transmutations
Fission and Fusion
4.3.1o4.4.4d
4.3.1p4.4.4e
4.4.4a4.4.4f
4.4.4b4.5.3a
4.4.4c4.5.3b
4.5.3c
4.PS4.4i
4.PS4.4ii
4.PS4.4iii
4.PS4.4iv
Half-Life
Uses and Dangers of Radioisotopes
Appendix 1:
Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry.................A-1
Appendix 2:
Graphing and Math Skills............................................................A-15
Appendix 3:
Using the Reference Tables.........................................................A-23
Appendix 4:
Topical Summary of Regents Chemistry.................................A-33
Glossary................................................................................................G-1
Index....................................................................................................... I-1
Acknowledgments............................................................................. I-7
Regents Examinations
January 2015
June 2014
January 2014
June 2013
January 2013
June 2012
Separate Answer Key Contents:
Answers for Review and Practice Questions
Answers for Regents Examinations
Diagnostic Tests and Answers
v
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