Rocks and Minerals Test Review
Test is February 3rd
1. Students will need to know the following terms and what they mean:
a. Crystal-mineral shape with flat surface and angled sides
b. Sedimentary-rock formed from layers
c. Mantle-middle layer of Earth, below the crust
d. Weathering-breaking down of rocks to form sediments
e. Hardness-resistance to being scratched
f. Fossil-remains or traces of past life
g. Luster-reflection of light
h. Core-central part of the Earth
i. Igneous-rock formed from melted rock
j. Metamorphic-rock that has been changed due to pressure
k. Fossils-evidence of living things preserved in rocks
l. Mineral-naturally occurring inorganic substance made of one thing
m. Property-any quality used to describe an object
n. Rock-inorganic solid made of a mixture of things
o. Petrifaction-process of becoming a fossil
p. Streak-tests the color of a mineral
q. Acid rain-precipitation mixed with sulfur and nitrogen
r. Conglomerate-rock made of mineral and rock fragments
s. Lava-liquid rock that flows from volcanoes
t. Indigenous-this word means native to a certain region
2. Students will also need to know that:
Rocks are mixtures of minerals
Wind, water and temperature cause erosion
Cementation is the “natural cement making” of rocks with water
Scientists who study rocks are geologists
Crystal shapes can be cubic, hexagonal, or monoclinic
The Mohs scale measures hardness of a mineral
Luster, cleavage, and streak are used to identify a mineral
You do a streak test to find true color of a mineral
Coal is a fossil fuel
Sandstone, limestone, shale and chalk are types of limestone
The hardest mineral on Earth is a diamond
Fossils are usually found in sedimentary rocks
Minerals that are the same always have the same structure