Common Curriculum Map
Discipline: Science
Course: Biology
August/September:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a 11.A.4b, 11.A.4c, 11.A.4d, 11.B.4f, 12.A.4b, 13.A.4a, 13.A.4b, 13.A.4c, 13.A.4d, 13.B.4a,
13.B.4b, 13.B.4e
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanation and technology design may change with new
information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.B.4a Compare and contrast scientific inquiry and technological design as pure and applied sciences.
13.B.4b Analyze a particular occupation to identify decisions that may be influenced by a knowledge of
science.
13.B.4e Evaluate claims derived from purported scientific studies used in advertising and marketing
strategies.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 1
What is biology?
What do biologists do?
What are the characteristics of life?
What is science?
What is the scientific method?
How do you stay safe in the lab?
How do you use the metric system and make conversions?
CHAPTER 7
What is the cell theory?
How do you use a microscope?
What microscope technology exists today?
What is the cell's structure and function of its parts?
What is the structure of the plasma membrane?
How do materials move through the cell membrane?
Content:
CHAPTER 1
-The Science of Life
-The Nature of Science
-Scientific Method
-Metric Measurement and Conversion
-Graphing
-Levels of organization of in Multicellular Organisms
-Characteristics of Living Organisms
CHAPTER 7
-Structure and Function of Cells and Their Parts
-Use of the Microscope
-Cell Membrane Transport
Skills:
CHAPTER 1
-Define biology
-Identify possible benefits from studying biology
-Summarize the characteristics of living things
Table 1.1 - page 7
-Explain the characteristics of science
-Compare something that is scientific (based on research) to something that is
non-scientific (not based on research, only on observations - i.e., astrology)
-Describe the importance of the metric system and SI.
-Conversions within the metric system (i.e., kg to g, Farenheit to Celcius)
-Describe the difference between an observation and an inference
-Differentiate among control, independent variable, and dependent variable
-Identify the scientific methods a biologist uses for research (Figure 1.15 - page 17)
-BioDiscoveries - page 22 (possible extra credit exam question)
CHAPTER 7
-Relate advances in microscope technology to discoveries about cells
-Compare compound light microscopes with electron microscopes use page xxxvi - xxxvii to introduce the microscope, its parts, functions, and
to calculate magnification and field of view
-Summarize the principles of the cell theory
-Differentiate between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell
-Describe the structure of the cell membrane
the fluid mosaic model
Figure 7.6 - page 188
Figure 7.7 - page 190
Describe how a cell's plasma membrane functions
Briefly describe the functions of the parts of the cell membrane
-Identify the roles of proteins, carbohydrates, and cholesterol in the plasma membrane
-Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell
-Compare and contrast structure of plant and animal cells
Figure 7.9 - page 192
-Explain the processes of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport
-Discuss how large particles enter and exit cells
Assessment:
CHAPTER 1
ACTIVITIES:
-Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 24
-Study Guide pages for Chapter 1 found in
Unit 1 resource book pages 13 - 16
-Data Analysis Lab 1.1 - page 14
-Mini- Lab 1.2 Manipulate Variables - page 6
-Lab from Merrill Biology - How are SI Length Measurements Made? page 5 - 8
-Observation Lab: What makes mold grow?
(Zebra book - In lab manual page 1)
-Review using Chapter 1 Assessment Pages 25 - 26 - end of chapter
ASSESSMENT:
-Lab Worksheets
-Study Guide Questions
-Chapter Test 1
CHAPTER 7
ACTIVITIES:
-Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 210
-Study Guide pages for Chapter 7
found in Unit 2 resource book pages 51 - 54
-Lab: How is a light microscope used?
(Merrill Biology book - pages 1 - 4)
-Lab: Cells - How do animal and plant cells differ?
(Merrill Biology book - pages 7 - 8)
ASSESSMENT:
-Lab Worksheets
-Study Guide Questions
-Chapter Test 7
October:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a 11.A.4b, 11.A.4c, 11.A.4d, 11.B.4b, 11.B.4f, 12.A.4b, 12.C.4a, 13.A.4a, 13.A.4b, 13.A.4d,
13.B.4b
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon give constraints
including available tools, materials and time
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
12.C.4a Use kinetic theory, wave theory, quantum theory and the laws of thermodynamics to explain
energy transformations.
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.B.4b Analyze a particular occupation to identify decisions that may be influenced by a knowledge of
science.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 8
How is ATP made?
What are the parts of photosynthesis and how does it work?
What is glycolysis and aerobic respiration?
What is fermentation and the two types?
Content:
CHAPTER 8
-Photosynthesis as a process
Light and dark reactions
-Glycolysis as a process
-Respiration as a process
-Fermentation
Alcoholic
Lactic Acid
Skills:
CHAPTER 8
-Summarize the two laws of thermodynamics
-Compare and contrast autotrophs and heterotrophs
-Describe how ATP works in a cell
-Summarize the two phases of photosynthesis
-Explain the function of a chloroplast during the light reactions
Discuss major points of light reaction and Calvin Cycle
Very briefly discuss electron transport chain
Skip Alternative Pathways page 227
-Summarize the stages of cellular respiration
Briefly discuss glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle, and electron transport chain
-Compare alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation
Briefly discuss in Alcoholic fermentation how glucose is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide
Briefly discuss in Lactic acid fermentation how glucose is converted to lactic acid
-Compare and contrast the amount of ATP produced per molecule of glucose during
aerobic and anaerobic respiration
-Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected
(Carbon cycle - products of one are the reactants of the other)
Assessment:
CHAPTER 8
ACTIVITIES:
-Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 236
-Study Guide pages for Chapter 8
found in Unit 2 resource book pages 89 - 92
-Mini-Lab: Relate Photosynthesis to Cellular Respiration found on page 81 in Zebra Resource book
-Think Scientifically page 233 # 5
-Mini-Lab: Observe Chloroplasts
(use live elodea for plant cell and prepared spirogyra or algae cell) found on page 82 in Zebra Resource book
-Review using Chapter 8 Assessment Pages 237 - 239 - end of chapter
ASSESSMENT:
-Lab Worksheets
-Study Guide Questions
-Chapter Test 8
November/December:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.B.4b Analyze a particular occupation to identify decisions that may be influenced by a knowledge of
science.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 9
Why do cells grow?
What are the limits to cell growth?
How does the two parts of cell division work - mitosis and cytokinesis?
What is the cell cycle?
What is cancer?
Content:
CHAPTER 9
Cell growth
- Limits
- Rates
-Controls on growth
MITOSIS (Cell Division)
- Chromosomes: composition and structure
- Cell Cycle
- Interphase
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
Skills:
CHAPTER 9
-Explain why cells are relatively small
-Summarize the primary stages of the cell cycle
Only Interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
Do not stress G1, G2, S substages of interphase
-Describe the events of each stage of mitosis
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Visual of cell cycle with stages of mitosis found on page 249 in book
-Explain process of cytokinesis
-Explain briefly how cancer relates to the cell cycle
-Summarize the two types embryonic and adult) of stem cells and their potential uses
Assessment:
CHAPTER 9
ACTIVITIES:
-Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 260
-Study Guide pages for Chapter 9
found in Unit 2 resource book pages 125 - 128d
-Lab: Rate of Mitosis (Merrill Lab Worksheets - pages 87 - 88)
-Demo Lab: Use Onion root tip or whitefish mitosis slides with microscope-cam and TV to show the
stages of mitosis - have students draw the stages, label them and give the events that occur in
each stage (use with handout titled Stages of Mitosis)
-Mini-Lab: Investigate Cell Size - page 117 in Zebra Resource book
-Biology and Society Stem cells: paralysis cured - page 258 book
EXTRA CREDIT - have students find article on stem cell research (either bring in original or
copy of article) and have students do a summary that is one to two paragraphs long
attached to the article
-OPTIONAL: Mini-Lab: Compare sunscreens - page 118 in Zebra Resource book
-Review using Chapter 9 Assessment Pages 261 - 263 - end of chapter
ASSESSMENT:
-Lab Worksheets
-Study Guide Questions
-Chapter Test 9
December/January:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanations, and technological designs may change with
new information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.B.4b Analyze a particular occupation to identify decisions that may be influenced by a knowledge of
science.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 12
What is DNA, its parts, and function?
How is DNA replicated?
What are the three major differences between DNA and RNA?
How does transcription and translation work to make proteins?
Content:
CHAPTER 12
Genetic Code
- History and Research
DNA
- Structure
-Replication of DNA
RNA
-Structures
-Transcription (RNA Synthesis)
-Protein Synthesis
-Translation
Skills:
CHAPTER 12
-Briefly summarize the experiments leading to the discover of DNA as the genetic material
Griffith
Figure 12.2 - page 327
Avery
Hershey and Chase
Figure 12.3 - page 328 and Table 12.1 - page 328
Chargaff
Rosalind Franklin
Watson and Crick
Diagram and label the basic structure of DNA
Figure 12.4 - page 329
-Describe the basic structure of the eukaryotic chromosome
Figure 12.9 - page 332
-Summarize the role of the enzymes involved in the replication of DNA
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
-Explain how messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA are involved in the transcription
and translation of genes
Table 12.2 - page 336
-Describe how the code of DNA is translated into messenger RNA and is utilized to synthesize
a particular protein
Figure 12.14 - page 338
Figure 12.15 - Visualizing Transcription and Translation - page 339 (avoid detail)
-Summarize the various types of mutations
Table 12.3 - page 346
-Causes of mutation
-Body-cell versus sex-cell mutation
Assessment:
CHAPTER 12
ACTIVITIES:
Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 352
Study Guide pages for Chapter 11
found in Unit 3 resource book pages 85 - 89, answers provided
LAB: DNA Structure and Replication Lab
Lab: How does DNA Make Protein (Merrill - pages 235 - 238, answer key included)
Lab: How can a Mutation in DNA Affect an Organism (Merrill - pages 239 - 242, answer key included)
Think Scientifically page 335 #4 and #5
Review using Chapter 11 Assessment Pages 353 - 355 - end of chapter
ASSESSMENT:
Lab Worksheets
Study Guide Questions
Chapter Test 12
January/February:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.A.4e Formulate alternative hypotheses to explain unexpected results.
11.A.5a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge
11.A.5e Report, display and defend the results of investigations to audiences that may include
professional and technical experts.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon given
constraints including available tools, materials and time.
11.B.4c Develop working visualizations of the proposed solution designs (e.g., blueprints, schematics,
flowcharts, cad-cam, animations).
11.B.4d Determine the criteria upon which the design will be judged, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the designs and select the most promising design.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions,
considering such constraints as available tools, material, time and costs.
11.B.5b Select criteria for a successful design solution to the identified problem.
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 10
What are genes and their forms?
What is the difference between dominant and recessive?
What are alleles?
How do the Principles of Mendel and probability work?
What does meiosis entail?
What are selective breeding, inbreeding, and hybridization?
What is polyploidy and how is it important in agriculture?
What is the importance of genetic recombination?
What is gene linkage?
CHAPTERS 10 - 13
Where are genes located?
Where are sex-linked genes located? What are mutations?
What are the two kinds of mutations?
What are some human traits that can be inherited (dominant and recessive)?
What are gametes and how are they fertilized? How are human traits inherited - multiple alleles,
codominance, and polygenic?
What is nondisjuction and sex-influenced traits? How do you diagnose genetic disorders?
What are selective breeding, inbreeding, and hybridization?
What is genetic engineering and uses for it?
What is the human genome and how can it detect genetic diseases?
What is DNA fingerprinting?
What are some ethical considerations?
Content:
CHAPTER 10
Meiosis
-Stages
-Meiosis I
-Meiosis II
Importance of Meiosis
Mendelian genetics
-Monohybrid cross
-Dihybrid cross
Selective breeding
- Inbreeding and hybridization
Polyploidy
- Agriculture
CHAPTER 9
Gregor Mendel
- Early ideas about heredity
- Mendel's research
-Genes and dominance
-Segregation of alleles
- Independent Assortment
- Factor crosses
Application of Mendel's Principles
- Genetics and Probability
- Using the Punnett Square
Meiosis
- Phases of Meiosis
- Meiosis and genetics
- Gamete formation
Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
CHAPTERS 10 - 13
Genes & chromosomes
-Gene-linkage, sex-linked traits, kinds of mutations, mutations affect heredity
-Codominance, incomplete dominance, polygenic inheritance,
multiple alleles, blood groups
Diseases
- Huntington disease, sickle cell anemia, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, colorblindness,
hemophilia, and Down syndrome
Skills:
CHAPTER 10
-Compare the differences between meiosis and mitosis
-Explain the reduction in chromosome number that occurs during meiosis
-Recognize and summarize the stages of meiosis
visual on page 273, Figure 10.5
-Analyze the importance of meiosis in providing genetic variation
-Explain the significance of Mendel's experiments to the study of genetics
-Summarize the law of segregation and law of independent assortment
-Predict the possible offspring form a cross using a Punnett square
monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross (briefly - for dihybrid cross)
(Chapter 13 -1 Selective Breeding)
-Describe how selective breeding is used to produce organisms with desired traits
-Compare inbreeding and hybridization
Chapter 10.3
-Summarize how the process of meiosis produces genetic recombination
-Explain how gene linkage works
Ignore information on chromosome mapping
-Analyze why polyploidy is important to the field of agriculture
CHAPTER 9
Discuss Mendel's experiments
Describe dominance, segregation, and independent assortment
Relate probability to genetics
Solve genetic problems using a punnett square
Describe process of meiosis
Compare meiosis & mitosis
Define oogenesis
CHAPTERS 10 - 13
Relate genes to chromosomes
Explain gene-linkage & crossing over
Describe patterns of inheritance for sex-linked traits
Describe different kinds of mutations
Explain how mutations can affect heredity
Discuss gene interactions
Explain how human traits are inherited
Explain how multiple alleles, dominant, recessive, & polygenic traits are inherited Discuss inheritance of
some traits that involve sex & sex chromosomes
Identify two methods of detecting genetic disorders during pregnancy
Describe breeding strategies used to modify living things
Explain how mutations can be useful
Describe how DNA is isolated, cut, & spliced
Explain how DNA is used to transform cells & organisms
Describe possible applications of sequencing human DNA
Discuss ethical issues
Define spermatogenesis
Name & Describe the three types of twins
Assessment:
CHAPTER 10
ACTIVITIES:
-Write out vocabulary definitions found on page 288
-Study Guide pages for Chapter 10 found in
Unit 3 resource book pages 13 - 16
-Lab: Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis (Need 2 different colors of yarn (2 skeins))
(Glencoe Investigating Living Systems - page 77 - 80 )
-Think Scientifically on page 282 - #4 and #5
-Lab: Finding Phenotypes and Genotypes for One Trait - need coins for lab
(Glencoe Investigating Living Systems - page 81 - 84 )
-Students should read "In the Field" on page 286 for possible extra credit test question
-Review using Chapter 10 Assessment Pages 289 - 291 - end of chapter
ASSESSMENT:
-Lab Worksheets
-Study Guide Questions
-Chapter Test 10 and 13
CHAPTERS 10 - 13
Labs- human traits, karyotypes
Worksheets
Chapter review questions
Extra Credit Worksheets
Exam
CHAPTER 9
Labs- human traits, karyotypes, mitosis and principles of genetics
worksheets
Chapter review questions
Punnett square worksheet
Quizzes and Tests
February:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.A.4e Formulate alternative hypotheses to explain unexpected results.
11.A.4f Using available technology, report, display and defend to an audience conclusions drawn from
the investigations.
11.A.5a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge
11.A.5b Design procedures to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5c Conduct systematic, controlled experiments to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5d Apply statistical methods to make predictions and to test the accuracy of the results.
11.A.5e Report, display and defend the results of investigations to audiences that may include
professional and technical experts.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon given
constraints including available tools, materials and time.
11.B.4c Develop working visualizations of the proposed solution designs (e.g., blueprints, schematics,
flowcharts, cad-cam, animations).
11.B.4d Determine the criteria upon which the design will be judged, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the designs and select the most promising design.
11.B.4e Develop and test a prototype or simulation of the solution design using available materials,
instruments and technology.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
11.B.4g Using available technology, report to an audience the relative success of the design base on the
test result and criteria.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions,
considering such constraints as available tools, material, time and costs.
11.B.5b Select criteria for a successful design solution to the identified problem.
11.B.5c Build and test different models or simulations of the design solution using suitable materials,
tools and technology.
11.B.5d Choose a model and refine its deigns based on the test results.
11.B.5e Apply established criteria to evaluate the suitability, acceptability, benefits, drawbacks and
consequences for the tested design solution and recommend modifications and refinements.
11.B.5f Using available technology, prepare and present findings of the tested design solution to an
audience that may include professional and technical experts.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
12.A.5a Explain changes within cells and organisms in response to stimuli and changing environmental
conditions (e.g., homeostasis, dormancy).
12.A.5b Analyze the transmission of genetic traits, diseases and defects.
12.B.4a Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and
interdependences of organisms.
12.B.4b Simulate and analyze factors that influence the size and stability of populations within
ecosystems (e.g., birth rates, death rates, predation, migration patterns).
12.B.5a Analyze and explain diversity issues and the causes and effects of extinction.
12.B.5b Compare and predict how life forms can adapt to changes in the environment by applying
concepts of change and consistency (e.g., variations within a population increase the likelihood of
survival under new conditions).
12.C.4a Use kinetic theory, wave theory, quantum theory and the laws of thermodynamics to explain
energy transformations.
12.C.4b Analyze and explain the atomic and nuclear structure of matter.
12.C.5a Analyze reactions (e.g., nuclear reactions, burning of fuel, decomposition of waste) in natural and
man-made energy systems.
12.C.5b Analyze the properties of materials (e.g., mass, boiling point, melting point, hardness) in relation
to their physical and/or chemical structures.
12.D.4a Explain and predict motion in inertial and accelerated frames of reference.
12.D.4b Describe the effects of electromagnetic and nuclear forces including atomic and molecular
bonding, capacitance and nuclear reactions.
12.D.5a Analyze factors that influence the relation motion of an object (e.g., friction, wind shear, cross
currents, potential differences).
12.D.5b Analyze the effects of gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces on a physical system.
12.E.4a Explain how external and internal energy sources drive Earth processes (e.g., solar energy drives
weather patterns, internal heat drives plate tectonics).
12.E.4b Describe how rock sequences and fossil remains are used to interpret the age and changes in the
Earth.
12.E.5 Analyze the processes involved in naturally occurring short-term and long-term Earth events
(e.g., floods, ice ages, temperature, sea level fluctuation).
12.F.4a Explain theories, past and present, for changes observed in the universe.
12.F.4b Describe and compare the physical and chemical characteristics of galaxies and objects within
galaxies (e.g., pulsars, nebulae, black holes, dark matter, stars).
12.F.5a Compare the processes involved in the life cycle of stars (e.g., gravitational collapse,
thermonuclear fusion, nova) and evaluate the supporting evidence.
12.F.5b Describe the size and age of the universe and evaluate the supporting evidence (e.g., red-shift,
Hubble's constant).
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanation and technology design may change with new
information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.A.5a Design procedures and policies to eliminate or reduce risk in potentially hazardous science
activities.
13.A.5b Explain criteria scientists use to evaluate the validity of scientific claims and theories.
13.A.5c Explain the strengths, weaknesses and uses of research methodologies including observational
skills, controlled laboratory experiments, computer modeling and statistical studies.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 13, 14 AND 34
How did Darwin formulate his theory of evolution and how is fitness involved?
How do scientists use rock layers and radioactive dating to set up a geologic time scale and age the earth?
What is the fossil record and is it complete and what is it evidence for?
How are similarities in structure, development of embryos, homologous structures, vestigial organs and
biochemistry used to support the hypothesis of common ancestor?
What contributed to Darwin's theory?
What role does genetics play in evolution? How do new species develop?
How has the theory changed?
What are the branches of primates and how did humans originate?
How did humans evolve?
Content:
CHAPTER 13, 14 AND 34
Evolution & life's diversity
Darwin & his ideas
Age of the earth,
-fossil record
-evidence for evolution
Theory of evolution
-evolution by natural selection
-genetics & evolution
-development of new species
-evolving theory of evolution
Primates & human origins
-hominid evolution
-human ancestors & relatives
Skills:
CHAPTERS 13, 14, AND 34
Explain how fitness is related to adaptation
Relate Darwin's observations to his explanation of evolution
Distinguish between relative & absolute dating
Explain how radioactive elements in the earth act as a natural clock
Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed
Explain how fossils provide evidence of evolution
Describe how similarities in embryos support the concept of common descent
Explain how homologous & vestigial structures indicate that evolution has occurred.
Discuss the development & importance of evolutionary theory
Describe natural selection
Relate evolution, natural selection, fitness, & adaptation to genetics
Describe speciation & relate it to niche availability
Explain new ideas about the pace of evolutionary change & the role of chance in evolution
List the characteristics of primates
Compare new world monkey with old world monkeys
Describe the importance of various hominid adaptations
Discuss the evolutionary trends in hominids that led to Homo sapiens.
Assessment:
CHAPTERS 13, 14, AND 34
Worksheets
Lab-fossil evidence
Lab- comparing primates
Lab- natural selection
Chapter review questions
Extra Credit Worksheets
Exam
March:
Standards:
CRISS STRATEGIES
One-Sentence Summaries, Comparison Organizers, Sequence Organizers, KWL+, and Read-RecallCheck-Summarize
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.A.4e Formulate alternative hypotheses to explain unexpected results.
11.A.4f Using available technology, report, display and defend to an audience conclusions drawn from
the investigations.
11.A.5a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge
11.A.5b Design procedures to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5c Conduct systematic, controlled experiments to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5d Apply statistical methods to make predictions and to test the accuracy of the results.
11.A.5e Report, display and defend the results of investigations to audiences that may include
professional and technical experts.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon given
constraints including available tools, materials and time.
11.B.4c Develop working visualizations of the proposed solution designs (e.g., blueprints, schematics,
flowcharts, cad-cam, animations).
11.B.4d Determine the criteria upon which the design will be judged, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the designs and select the most promising design.
11.B.4e Develop and test a prototype or simulation of the solution design using available materials,
instruments and technology.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
11.B.4g Using available technology, report to an audience the relative success of the design base on the
test result and criteria.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions,
considering such constraints as available tools, material, time and costs.
11.B.5b Select criteria for a successful design solution to the identified problem.
11.B.5c Build and test different models or simulations of the design solution using suitable materials,
tools and technology.
11.B.5d Choose a model and refine its deigns based on the test results.
11.B.5e Apply established criteria to evaluate the suitability, acceptability, benefits, drawbacks and
consequences for the tested design solution and recommend modifications and refinements.
11.B.5f Using available technology, prepare and present findings of the tested design solution to an
audience that may include professional and technical experts.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
12.A.5a Explain changes within cells and organisms in response to stimuli and changing environmental
conditions (e.g., homeostasis, dormancy).
12.A.5b Analyze the transmission of genetic traits, diseases and defects.
12.B.4a Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and
interdependences of organisms.
12.B.4b Simulate and analyze factors that influence the size and stability of populations within
ecosystems (e.g., birth rates, death rates, predation, migration patterns).
12.B.5a Analyze and explain diversity issues and the causes and effects of extinction.
12.B.5b Compare and predict how life forms can adapt to changes in the environment by applying
concepts of change and consistency (e.g., variations within a population increase the likelihood of
survival under new conditions).
12.C.4a Use kinetic theory, wave theory, quantum theory and the laws of thermodynamics to explain
energy transformations.
12.C.4b Analyze and explain the atomic and nuclear structure of matter.
12.C.5a Analyze reactions (e.g., nuclear reactions, burning of fuel, decomposition of waste) in natural and
man-made energy systems.
12.C.5b Analyze the properties of materials (e.g., mass, boiling point, melting point, hardness) in relation
to their physical and/or chemical structures.
12.D.4a Explain and predict motion in inertial and accelerated frames of reference.
12.D.4b Describe the effects of electromagnetic and nuclear forces including atomic and molecular
bonding, capacitance and nuclear reactions.
12.D.5a Analyze factors that influence the relation motion of an object (e.g., friction, wind shear, cross
currents, potential differences).
12.D.5b Analyze the effects of gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces on a physical system.
12.E.4a Explain how external and internal energy sources drive Earth processes (e.g., solar energy drives
weather patterns, internal heat drives plate tectonics).
12.E.4b Describe how rock sequences and fossil remains are used to interpret the age and changes in the
Earth.
12.E.5 Analyze the processes involved in naturally occurring short-term and long-term Earth events
(e.g., floods, ice ages, temperature, sea level fluctuation).
12.F.4a Explain theories, past and present, for changes observed in the universe.
12.F.4b Describe and compare the physical and chemical characteristics of galaxies and objects within
galaxies (e.g., pulsars, nebulae, black holes, dark matter, stars).
12.F.5a Compare the processes involved in the life cycle of stars (e.g., gravitational collapse,
thermonuclear fusion, nova) and evaluate the supporting evidence.
12.F.5b Describe the size and age of the universe and evaluate the supporting evidence (e.g., red-shift,
Hubble's constant).
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanation and technology design may change with new
information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.A.5a Design procedures and policies to eliminate or reduce risk in potentially hazardous science
activities.
13.A.5b Explain criteria scientists use to evaluate the validity of scientific claims and theories.
13.A.5c Explain the strengths, weaknesses and uses of research methodologies including observational
skills, controlled laboratory experiments, computer modeling and statistical studies.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTERS 15, 16 AND 17
Why are classification systems useful?
What are some characteristics of a good classification system?
How does grouping organisms aid the investigation of Earth's diverse life forms?
How are evolutionary relationships among organisms determined?
What is spontaneous generation?
How did the experiments of Redi, Spallanzani, and Pasteur disprove the theory of spontaneous
generation?
What was the atmosphere of ancient Earth like?
How is sexual reproduction important to the development of life on Earth?
What is a virus?
How do viral life cycles differ?
What is the relationship between viruses and their hosts?
What is a prokaryote?
What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
What are an autotroph and a heterotroph?
How do bacteria reproduce?
Why are bacteria classified as monerans?
Content:
CHAPTERS 15, 16 AND 17
Classifying
Biological classification
Binomial nomenclature
Taxonomy
Five kingdom system
Human classification
Spontaneous Generation
The First Signs of Life
Viruses
Monerans (Prokaryotic Cells)
Diseases caused by viruses and monerans
Skills:
CHAPTERS 15, 16 AND 17
Discuss the usefulness of classification systems
List the characteristics of a good biological classification system
Describe the importance of the classification system used by Carolus Linnaeus
Identify the different taxa that makeup the classification system
Discuss how taxa show evolutionary relationships among different organisms
Explain how modern scientific techniques contribute to the classification of organisms
Discuss characteristics of organisms placed in each of the five kingdoms
State the levels of human classification
State the hypothesis of spontaneous generation
Describe the experiments of Redi
Describe Pasteur's experiment that finally disproved the hypothesis of spontaneous generation
Describe the environmental conditions on ancient Earth
Identify the characteristics of the first true cells
Define eukaryote
Define prokaryote
Define virus
Describe the structure of a virus
Relate viruses to living cells
Define bacterium
Describe how bacteria are classified
Explain how bacteria are identified
Compare binary fission, conjugation, and spore formation of bacteria
Define pathogen
List some human viral diseases
Describe how bacterial diseases are treated
Assessment:
CHAPTERS 15, 16 AND 17
Worksheets
Lab - classifying shark families
Lab - microscope lab on bacteria
Enrichment exercises
Quiz - human classification
Quiz - bacteria
Test Chapters 15 and 16
April:
Standards:
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.A.4e Formulate alternative hypotheses to explain unexpected results.
11.A.4f Using available technology, report, display and defend to an audience conclusions drawn from
the investigations.
11.A.5a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge
11.A.5b Design procedures to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5c Conduct systematic, controlled experiments to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5d Apply statistical methods to make predictions and to test the accuracy of the results.
11.A.5e Report, display and defend the results of investigations to audiences that may include
professional and technical experts.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon given
constraints including available tools, materials and time.
11.B.4c Develop working visualizations of the proposed solution designs (e.g., blueprints, schematics,
flowcharts, cad-cam, animations).
11.B.4d Determine the criteria upon which the design will be judged, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the designs and select the most promising design.
11.B.4e Develop and test a prototype or simulation of the solution design using available materials,
instruments and technology.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
11.B.4g Using available technology, report to an audience the relative success of the design base on the
test result and criteria.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions,
considering such constraints as available tools, material, time and costs.
11.B.5b Select criteria for a successful design solution to the identified problem.
11.B.5c Build and test different models or simulations of the design solution using suitable materials,
tools and technology.
11.B.5d Choose a model and refine its deigns based on the test results.
11.B.5e Apply established criteria to evaluate the suitability, acceptability, benefits, drawbacks and
consequences for the tested design solution and recommend modifications and refinements.
11.B.5f Using available technology, prepare and present findings of the tested design solution to an
audience that may include professional and technical experts.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
12.A.5a Explain changes within cells and organisms in response to stimuli and changing environmental
conditions (e.g., homeostasis, dormancy).
12.A.5b Analyze the transmission of genetic traits, diseases and defects.
12.B.4a Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and
interdependences of organisms.
12.B.4b Simulate and analyze factors that influence the size and stability of populations within
ecosystems (e.g., birth rates, death rates, predation, migration patterns).
12.B.5a Analyze and explain diversity issues and the causes and effects of extinction.
12.B.5b Compare and predict how life forms can adapt to changes in the environment by applying
concepts of change and consistency (e.g., variations within a population increase the likelihood of
survival under new conditions).
12.C.4a Use kinetic theory, wave theory, quantum theory and the laws of thermodynamics to explain
energy transformations.
12.C.4b Analyze and explain the atomic and nuclear structure of matter.
12.C.5a Analyze reactions (e.g., nuclear reactions, burning of fuel, decomposition of waste) in natural and
man-made energy systems.
12.C.5b Analyze the properties of materials (e.g., mass, boiling point, melting point, hardness) in relation
to their physical and/or chemical structures.
12.D.4a Explain and predict motion in inertial and accelerated frames of reference.
12.D.4b Describe the effects of electromagnetic and nuclear forces including atomic and molecular
bonding, capacitance and nuclear reactions.
12.D.5a Analyze factors that influence the relation motion of an object (e.g., friction, wind shear, cross
currents, potential differences).
12.D.5b Analyze the effects of gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces on a physical system.
12.E.4a Explain how external and internal energy sources drive Earth processes (e.g., solar energy drives
weather patterns, internal heat drives plate tectonics).
12.E.4b Describe how rock sequences and fossil remains are used to interpret the age and changes in the
Earth.
12.E.5 Analyze the processes involved in naturally occurring short-term and long-term Earth events
(e.g., floods, ice ages, temperature, sea level fluctuation).
12.F.4a Explain theories, past and present, for changes observed in the universe.
12.F.4b Describe and compare the physical and chemical characteristics of galaxies and objects within
galaxies (e.g., pulsars, nebulae, black holes, dark matter, stars).
12.F.5a Compare the processes involved in the life cycle of stars (e.g., gravitational collapse,
thermonuclear fusion, nova) and evaluate the supporting evidence.
12.F.5b Describe the size and age of the universe and evaluate the supporting evidence (e.g., red-shift,
Hubble's constant).
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanation and technology design may change with new
information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.A.5a Design procedures and policies to eliminate or reduce risk in potentially hazardous science
activities.
13.A.5b Explain criteria scientists use to evaluate the validity of scientific claims and theories.
13.A.5c Explain the strengths, weaknesses and uses of research methodologies including observational
skills, controlled laboratory experiments, computer modeling and statistical studies.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTER 17, 44, 45
What is a virus?
How do viral life cycles differ?
What is the relationship between viruses and their hosts?
What is a prokaryote?
What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
What are an autotroph and a heterotroph?
How do bacteria reproduce?
Why are bacteria classified as monerans?
CHAPTERS 18, 26, AND 27
How are protists important to other organisms?
What are the major characteristics of protists?
What is the Endosymbiont Hypothesis?
Content:
CHAPTER 17,44,45--Viruses, Bacteria and Human Disease
Structure of viruses
Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles of viruses
Origin of viruses
Classification of Bacteria (Monera)
Importance of Monera
Disease causing viruses and bacteria
Controlling disease
Other organisms as agents of disease
Causes of Cancer
Immune system--non-specific defense
specific defense
Immune disorders
AIDS and the immune system
CHAPTERS 18, 26, AND 27
Protists
-classification: plant-like, animal-like
-characteristics
-relationships: harmful and helpful
Essential functions of animals (Invertebrates)
-sponges
-cnidarians
-unsegmented worms: flat & round
Importance
-sponges
-cnidarians
-worms
Essential functions
-mollusks: three major classes of mollusks
Affects that mollusks have on humans and other living things
-importances of mollusks
Skills:
CHAPTER 17,44,45--Viruses, Bacteria and Human Disease
Draw and label parts of a virus
Draw flow charts of the lytic and lysogenic cycles
Compare the two cycles and what they mean to the infected organism
Explain why viruses most likely came after living cells
List necessary characteristics needed to be a moneran
Compare the phyla of monera
Describe characteristics of bacteria and how they are used to identify an infecting
agent
List and describe five ways bacteria are helpful and even necessary for human
existence
Compare the treatments for viral disease and bacterial disease, and why each is
effective
Identify other disease causing agents such as fungi, protozoans, prions, cancer
Prepare bacterial plates
Use sterile technique
CHAPTERS 18, 26, AND 27
List the characteristics of members of kingdom Protista: Plant and Animal
Explain the problems with the classification of members of the kingdom
Discuss the role of animal like protists in the world
Discuss the importance of plantlike protists in the world
Explain how mollusks perform essential functions
Describe and give examples of the three major classes of mollusks
Explain how mollusks affect humans and other living things (importances)
Explain how annelids perform essential life functions
Assessment:
CHAPTERS 18, 26, AND 27
Worksheets
lab - porifera
lab - cnidarians
Chapter review questions
Exam
May/June:
Standards:
Illinois Goals
11.A.4a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge.
11.A.4b Conduct controlled experiments or simulations to test hypotheses.
11.A.4c Collect, organize and analyze data accurately and precisely.
11.A.4d Apply statistical methods to the data to reach and support conclusions.
11.A.4e Formulate alternative hypotheses to explain unexpected results.
11.A.4f Using available technology, report, display and defend to an audience conclusions drawn from
the investigations.
11.A.5a Formulate hypotheses referencing prior research and knowledge
11.A.5b Design procedures to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5c Conduct systematic, controlled experiments to test the selected hypotheses.
11.A.5d Apply statistical methods to make predictions and to test the accuracy of the results.
11.A.5e Report, display and defend the results of investigations to audiences that may include
professional and technical experts.
11.B.4a Identify a technological design problem inherent in a commonly used product.
11.B.4b Propose and compare different solution designs to the design problem based upon given
constraints including available tools, materials and time.
11.B.4c Develop working visualizations of the proposed solution designs (e.g., blueprints, schematics,
flowcharts, cad-cam, animations).
11.B.4d Determine the criteria upon which the design will be judged, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of the designs and select the most promising design.
11.B.4e Develop and test a prototype or simulation of the solution design using available materials,
instruments and technology.
11.B.4f Evaluate the test results based on established criteria, note sources of error and recommend
improvements.
11.B.4g Using available technology, report to an audience the relative success of the design base on the
test result and criteria.
11.B.5a Identify a design problem that has practical applications and propose possible solutions,
considering such constraints as available tools, material, time and costs.
11.B.5b Select criteria for a successful design solution to the identified problem.
11.B.5c Build and test different models or simulations of the design solution using suitable materials,
tools and technology.
11.B.5d Choose a model and refine its deigns based on the test results.
11.B.5e Apply established criteria to evaluate the suitability, acceptability, benefits, drawbacks and
consequences for the tested design solution and recommend modifications and refinements.
11.B.5f Using available technology, prepare and present findings of the tested design solution to an
audience that may include professional and technical experts.
12.A.4a Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features
and cellular functions of organisms.
12.A.4b Describe the structure and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions
including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction.
12.A.4c Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative
anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry.
12.A.5a Explain changes within cells and organisms in response to stimuli and changing environmental
conditions (e.g., homeostasis, dormancy).
12.A.5b Analyze the transmission of genetic traits, diseases and defects.
12.B.4a Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and
interdependences of organisms.
12.B.4b Simulate and analyze factors that influence the size and stability of populations within
ecosystems (e.g., birth rates, death rates, predation, migration patterns).
12.B.5a Analyze and explain diversity issues and the causes and effects of extinction.
12.B.5b Compare and predict how life forms can adapt to changes in the environment by applying
concepts of change and consistency (e.g., variations within a population increase the likelihood of
survival under new conditions).
12.C.4a Use kinetic theory, wave theory, quantum theory and the laws of thermodynamics to explain
energy transformations.
12.C.4b Analyze and explain the atomic and nuclear structure of matter.
12.C.5a Analyze reactions (e.g., nuclear reactions, burning of fuel, decomposition of waste) in natural and
man-made energy systems.
12.C.5b Analyze the properties of materials (e.g., mass, boiling point, melting point, hardness) in relation
to their physical and/or chemical structures.
12.D.4a Explain and predict motion in inertial and accelerated frames of reference.
12.D.4b Describe the effects of electromagnetic and nuclear forces including atomic and molecular
bonding, capacitance and nuclear reactions.
12.D.5a Analyze factors that influence the relation motion of an object (e.g., friction, wind shear, cross
currents, potential differences).
12.D.5b Analyze the effects of gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear forces on a physical system.
12.E.4a Explain how external and internal energy sources drive Earth processes (e.g., solar energy drives
weather patterns, internal heat drives plate tectonics).
12.E.4b Describe how rock sequences and fossil remains are used to interpret the age and changes in the
Earth.
12.E.5 Analyze the processes involved in naturally occurring short-term and long-term Earth events
(e.g., floods, ice ages, temperature, sea level fluctuation).
12.F.4a Explain theories, past and present, for changes observed in the universe.
12.F.4b Describe and compare the physical and chemical characteristics of galaxies and objects within
galaxies (e.g., pulsars, nebulae, black holes, dark matter, stars).
12.F.5a Compare the processes involved in the life cycle of stars (e.g., gravitational collapse,
thermonuclear fusion, nova) and evaluate the supporting evidence.
12.F.5b Describe the size and age of the universe and evaluate the supporting evidence (e.g., red-shift,
Hubble's constant).
13.A.4a Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities.
13.A.4b Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample sets, sample size, similar
previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error.
13.A.4c Describe how scientific knowledge, explanation and technology design may change with new
information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers).
13.A.4d Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific
process.
13.A.5a Design procedures and policies to eliminate or reduce risk in potentially hazardous science
activities.
13.A.5b Explain criteria scientists use to evaluate the validity of scientific claims and theories.
13.A.5c Explain the strengths, weaknesses and uses of research methodologies including observational
skills, controlled laboratory experiments, computer modeling and statistical studies.
Essential Questions:
CHAPTERS 18, 26-30
How are protists important to other organisms?
What are the major characteristics of protists?
What is the Endosymbiont Hypothesis?
What are examples of each pyllum of animals?
What characteristics are used to classify animals into the different phylla?
How are evolutionary changes related to the phylla of animals?
How are the groups of animals related to and dependent upon members of other kingdoms?
Content:
CHAPTER 18-Protista
Characteristics of protists
Comparison of phyla of protists
harmful and helpful aspects of protists
CHAPTERS 26-30
How necessary functions are performed in the major phyla of invertebrates
Comparisons of the phyla
Evolutionary order of invertebrates
Research and presentation musts
Skills:
CHAPTERS 18, 26-30
Identify and classify protists into the major divisions
Relate protists to other kingdoms
Describe wys that protists are helpful and harmful to humans
Compare the ways various phyla of invertebrates get oxygen, nutrients, excrete waste product, reproduce,
etc.
Make judgments about evolutionary relationships between the phyla of invertebrates
Present evolutionary trends of one characteristic of all invertebrates such as how they obtain oxygen
CHAPTERS 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, AND 36
Explain how annelids perform essential life functions
Describe and give examples of the three classes of annelids
State importance of annelids
Describe the characteristics and classification of arthropods
Explain how arthropods perform essential functions
Name the distinguishing characteristics of chelicerates
Name the distinguishing characteristics of crustaceans
Identify the anatomy of a typical insect
Explain ways insects communicate
Describe how arthropods interact with other living organisms
State importance of arthropods
Relate structure of echinoderms to essential life functions
Describe characteristics of the classes of echinoderms,
Explain how echinoderms fit into the world (importance)
Name the three distinguishing characteristics of chordates
Describe and give Examples of the three subphyla of chordates
Describe the distinguishing characteristics of vertebrates
Explain how fishes carry out essential life functions
Describe the three basic groups of fishes and give examples of each
Explain how a typical amphibian carries out essential life functions
Describe the three orders of amphibians and give examples
Name importance of fish and amphibians in the natural world
Define reptile
Describe characteristics
Relate form and function to reptile success in dry environments
Define ectothermic and endothermic
Compare ectothermic and endothermic strategies
Describe bird characteristics
Relate structure of birds to flight
Explain how reptiles and birds fit into the natural world (importance)
Describe characteristics of mammals
Compare methods of mammalian reproduction
Identify orders of placental mammals
Describe characteristics of mammalian orders
Explain importance of mammals in the natural world
Assessment:
CHAPTERS 18, 26-30
CRISS-Venn diagrams of the phyla of invertebrates
CRISS Know-want to know...
Worksheets and study guides
Poster presentations of the invertebrate characteristics
Table organization of characteristics of invert phyla
Quizzes and Tests