Tice Rutan
P1
Chapter 2: The Planting of English America 1500-1733
Most of the new world was controlled by spain.
Spanish at sante Fe in 1610, French at Quebec in 1608, and the English in Jamestown
in 1607.
Religious conflict in england, King
Henry the VIII broke with the roman
catholic church in the 1530’s,
created the English protestant
reformation.
English buccaneers swarmed out
upon shipping lanes, they seized
spanish ships to promote
protestantism.
First English attempt at colonization
was in 1585 on North carolina's
Roanoke Island, they called it
“Virgin Queen”, it quickly failed.
Economic depression hit England in the the late 1500s caused many people to lose
their homes. Along with the fact that only eldest sons were able to inherit land ,many
English to start moving to North America.
England defeated spain in 1588 which diminished Spain's fighting spirit causing
England's dominance in the North Atlantic.
Virginia Company was intended to stay for only a couple years, after which its
stockholders hoped to liquidate it for a
profit.
The Virginia Company put a lot of
pressure on the colonists because if they
were to not make money they would be
abandoned.
The charter of the Virginia Company
guaranteed the same rights as English
citizens to the English settlers.
In 1606 the Virginia Company's 3 ships set
sail for the new world, landing near the
Chesapeake Bay where Native Americans attacked them. The Colonists pushed up the
Bay until they came to a place on may 24, 1607 they called Jamestown.
Jamestown was extremely Unhealthy and
mosquito infested.
Jamestown started out very
unsuccessful,many colonists died on the
trip over, another group in 1609 lost its
leaders. Many colonists died quickly by
disease, malnutrition and starvation.
Colonists wasted time grubbing for gold
instead of hunting and fishing.
In 1608 Captain John Smith took over
Jamestown and told the Gold hungry
men “He who shall not work shall not eat.
John Smith was kidnapped in 1607 by
the Indian chieftain Powhatan, his
daughter Pocahontas saved John Smith from a mock execution by putting her head in
between his and the war clubs of
the native americans.
The colonists still struggled and
were forced to eat “dogges, Catts,
Ratts, and Myce.”
In 1610 the remaining Colonists
began the trip home when they
were mat at the mouth of the
James river by a relief party and
there new Governor, Lord De La
Warr.
Lord De La Warr forced the settlers
Back to Jamestown and imposed a
harsh military regime on the
colonists.
Lord De La Warr undertook aggressive action against the Indians, He started a War
with the Indians in the Jamestown area.
Lord De La Warr troops Raided and Burned villages, Confiscated provisions, and
torched cornfields.
Peace settlement ended the First Anglo-Powhatan War in 1614, this was caused by
Pocahontas marring the colonist John Rolfe.
In 1622 the indians attacked the land hungry whites leaving 347 settlers dead, including
John Rolfe.
The Virginia Company issued orders for “ a perpetual war without peace or truce.” they
wanted to keep the indians “from being and longer a people.”
The indians were defeated in the Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644, the peace
treaty of 1646 killed any thought of assimilating the indians into society or of any
peaceful coexistence.
By 1685 the English considered the Powhatan Extinct.
The Powhatans were stuck by the 3 D’S: Disease, disorganization, and disposability.
Diseases like smallpox and Measles went through the villages of the natives.
The Powhatans also lacked unity to defeat the militarized whites.
Large Scale European Colonization disrupted Native American Life.
Some changes weren't bad such as Horses, however Disease Traveled lethally through
tribes.
Disease extinguished many cultures by killing off the elders and causing indians to
create new ways.
Native americans joined the Atlantic Economy but resented the prices offered by british
for animal skins.
By 1612 John Rolfe had perfected growing tobacco and helped grow the virginia
economy.
Tobacco was planted everywhere in Jamestown.
Jamestown people wanted more land for tobacco.
Tobacco would destroy the soil and did not hold a stable
price.
In 1619 The dutch came to Jamestown and sol african
slaves.
By 1650 there were about 300 blacks in Jamestown.
In 1619 settlers came together in the House of Burgesses.
James I grew hostile and despised tobacco on the House
of Burgesses.
1624 James I branded “seminary of sedition” he revoked
the charter of the bankrupt and beleaguered Virginia
Company and made virginia directly under his control.
In 1634 Lord Baltimore planted Maryland.
Maryland was created as a refuge for Catholics.
Maryland had lots of Tobacco and depended on indentured servants.
Maryland had freedom of worship.
Maryland had the death penalty against Jews and atheists who denied Jesus.
Tobacco was a poor man's crop.
Sugar Cane was a rich man's crop but had to be planted Extensively.
Sugar dominated in the west indies, they imported large numbers of slaves.
Barbados slave code gave masters
complete control over slaves.
West indies depended on america for
food.
Farmers moved south to Carolina in 1670
and brought slaves with them.
Civil war in England in 1640’s ended with
Charles I being beheaded, Cromwell ruled
until Charles II gained the throne in 1660.
Carolina developed crose relations with
the sugar islands of the west indies.
Rice In Carolina.
Africans had a background in rice and were perfect for rice growing in Carolina.
Charles town became the busiest seaport and became very diverse.
Poverty stricken outcasts moved to north carolina and raised tobacco and other crops
on small farms, many had no legal right to the land.
North carolina and Rhode island were the most democratic, independent minded, and
least aristocratic.
North Carolina and there brothers in the south defeated the indians in the Tuscarora
War in 1711, and sold many of the indians into slavery.
Georgia founded in 1733.
Georgia was a buffer ​to protect the more valuable Carolinas from Spaniards from
Florida and by the hostile French from Louisiana.
Georgia was a haven for people imprisoned for debt.
Georgia had silk and wine.
James Oglethorpe was one of the founders and became
interested in prison reform.
Oglethorpe repelled spanish attacks.
Georgia grew slowly and was the least populated
because of the unhealthy climate, early restrictions on
slavery, and and spanish attacks.
Southern colonies exported agriculture.
Slavery was in all plantation colonies.
Small growth of cities because of big spread out
plantations.
Church of England was the dominant faith.