1. _____A similarity between Shinto in Japan and animism in African societies is that both
(1) use the Torah to establish law codes
(2) stress the importance of the Eightfold Path
(3) believe that spirits exist in nature
(4) base social rank on a caste system
2. _____Which action is most closely associated with polytheism?
(1) praying in a synagogue
(2) accepting the Eightfold Path
(3) worshipping many gods
(4) reading the Koran
3. _____In Japan, the martial arts, the tea ceremony, and flower arranging best reflect the influences of
(1) imperialism and militarism
(3) capitalism
(2) Buddhism and Shintoism
(4) mercantilism
4. _____Which pair of belief systems share a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms?
(1) Hinduism and Confucianism
(3) Shintoism and animism
(2) Islam and Judaism
(4) Christianity and Buddhism
5. _____Which two belief systems teach that there are spirits in nature?
(1) Shinto and animism
(3) Judaism and Christianity
(2) Hinduism and Confucianism
(4) Islam and Buddhism
6. _____A person who practices the Shinto faith would be most likely to
(1) visit a shrine placed on the shore of a
(3) bathe in the Ganges River
lake
(4) make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem
(2) pray five times a day
7. _____One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems
(1) practice filial piety
(3) are monotheistic
(2) worship spirits in nature
(4) are required to make pilgrimages
8. _____Traditional animistic beliefs in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are based on
(1) a desire for wealth
(3) an appreciation for the forces of
(2) a written tradition
nature
(4) a willingness to accept Christianity
9. _____ “From as early as I can remember, the Emperor was an important presence even in our remote
home. He was a descendant of the gods from thousands of years before, never to be looked at or listened to
by mere mortals, a presence to be revered and protected and obeyed…Finally…, my family and neighbors
gathered around the radio and listened in stunned silence to the voice that had never before been heard,
saying he was only human after all. Everyone was crying. I was sad and confused…”
The attitudes toward the Emperor expressed in this passage were based in the traditions of
(1) Shintoism
(3) Islam
(2) Christianity
(4) Judaism
10. _____A belief of animism is that
(1) after death the soul is reborn in another human form
(2) holy wars must be fought to gain entry into heaven
(3) meditation leads followers to nirvana
(4) spirits of nature inhabit all living and nonliving objects
11. _____In addition to providing water for Indian agriculture, the Ganges River remains important to India
because it is
(1) the only source of Indian hydroelectric power
(2) a sacred river for the Hindu population
(3) the birthplace of Hindu culture
(4) an unofficial boundary between the Hindus and Muslims
12. _____In India, which aspect of society has been most heavily influenced by religious beliefs, tradition, and
the division of labor?
(1) caste system
(3) urbanization
(2) policy of neutrality
(4) parliamentary government
13. _____ “When I go to the office, I put on my shirt and I take off my caste; when I come home, I take off my
shirt and I put on my caste.”
What is the main idea of this quotation?
(1) the caste system continues to influence Indian society
(2) the caste system has been reflected by most Indians
(3) successful urban workers in India belong the same Caste
(4) the Indian government officially supports the Caste system
14. _____In India, the Caste system determined a person’s occupation, personal associations, and marriage
partner. This situation shows that the Caste system
(1) has helped eliminate ethnic and religious rivalries
(2) has promoted social mobility within Indian society
(3) has been stronger in urban areas that in rural areas
(4) has been a way of life as well as an element of religion
15. _____The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by
(1) following the Ten Commandments
(2) worshiping Allah as the one true god
(3) learning to give up selfish desire
(4) being baptized and confirmed
16. _____Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble Truths, and
nirvana?
(1) Buddhism
(3) Christianity
(2) Judaism
(4) Shinto
17. _____Which term is used to describe the spread of Buddhism from India through Southeast Asia?
(1) ethnocentrism
(3) imperialism
(2) isolation
(4) cultural diffusion
18. _____The Eightfold Path, the Four Noble Truths, and the concept of nirvana are associated with the
religion of
(1) Islam
(3) Shinto
(2) Jainism
(4) Buddhism
19. _____Which values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism?
(1) competition and financial success
(2) maintaining the caste system and providing education for all people
(3) practicing nonviolence and giving up worldly desires
(4) self-determination and democracy
20. _____The religious terms Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and nirvana are most closely associated with
(1) Judaism
(3) Islam
(2) Shintoism
(4) Buddhism
21. _____The Code of Hammurabi and Chinese legalism both rely on the idea that
(1) governments must provide their people with rights
(2) harsh laws are needed to control society
(3) all subjects are equal under the law
(4) religion and government must be brought closer together
22. _____In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence
of
(1) Shinto
(3) Jainism
(2) Confucianism
(4) Buddhism
23. _____According the teachings of Confucius, the key to the successful organization of society is that
(1) the ruler should be chosen democratically
(2) the evil in humans must be eliminated
(3) ancestor worship should be discontinued
(4) individuals should know and do what is expected of them
24. _____Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this philosophy
(1) established a basic structure for military rule
(2) provided a basis for social order
(3) contained the framework for a communist government
(4) stressed the importance of the individual
25. _____The illustration shows the relationship between individuals in a society according to the ideas of
(1) Confucius
(3) Mohammad
(2) Moses
(4) Siddhartha Gautama
26. _____In traditional Chinese culture, which philosophy had the greatest influence on the development of
social order and political organization?
(1) Taoism
(3) Confucianism
(2) Shintoism
(4) Marxism
27. _____The teachings of Confucius encouraged people to
(1) put their own interests first
(2) reject government authority
(3) believe in reincarnation
(4) follow a code of moral conduct
28. _____Taoism and Shintoism are similar in that both religions stress
(1) adhering to the five Confucian relationships
(2) following the Eightfold Path
(3) developing harmony between humans and nature
(4) believing in one God
29. _____Confucianism in traditional China served to
(1) maintain social order
(2) create ethnic unrest
(3) emphasize material wealth
(4) support democratic government
30. _____ “Beginning with childhood, all of man’s study is centered on one aim alone — to emerge successfully
from the three days’ examination — and all he has in his mind is what success can bring to him in terms of
power, influence, and prestige.”
-Ye Shib, Chinese scholar
This quotation refers to the Chinese
(1) civil service system
(3) contemplation of nature
(2) social welfare system
(4) religious practices
The Analects:
“In his [the leader] personal conduct, he was respectful. In his serving his superiors, he was reverent. In his
nourishing the people, he was kind. In governing the people, he was righteous.”
— Confucius
31. _____These selections show that the ancient civilizations who developed these concepts placed emphasis
on
(1) anarchy
(3) trade
(2) law
(4) architecture
32. _____Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism?
(1) nirvana
(3) reincarnation
(2) prayer
(4) filial piety
33. _____Which belief system is considered monotheistic?
(1) Jainism
(2) Judaism
(3) Daoism
(4) Shinto
34. _____Jewish religions and cultural identity has been greatly influenced by
(1) Ramadan and the concept of reincarnation
(2) the Torah and the Diaspora
(3) the New Testament and the Four Noble Truths
(4) the Koran and the code of bushido
35. _____The introduction of Buddhism into Japan and of Christianity into Africa are examples of
(1) Modernization
(3) ethnic conflict
(2) cultural diffusion
(4) isolation
•
•
•
36.
The Ganges River is sacred to people practicing Hinduism.
Shinto shrines are usually located near mountains or lakes.
The Jordan River is a site of many Christian baptisms.
_____Which conclusion is most valid based on these statements related to belief systems?
(1) The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems.
(2) Water plays an important role in these belief systems.
(3) Pilgrimages to mountainous regions are encouraged by these belief systems.
(4) Understanding nature is a requirement of these belief systems.
37. _____Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Pyramid in Egypt
are examples of
(1) architectural accomplishments that reflect religious beliefs
(2) the influence of Buddhist architecture on conquered nations
(3) ancient architectural monuments no longer in use
(4) the influence of cultural diffusion on contemporary architecture
38. _____One way in which Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism are similar is that each
(1) accepts the supreme authority of the Pope
(2) rejects the Old Testament as part of the Bible
(3) is a branch of Christianity
(4) was once the official religion of the Byzantine Empire
39. _____One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are
similar is that they
(1) promote polytheism
(3) provide codes of behavior
(2) establish gender equality
(4) describe secularism
•
•
•
40.
Buddhist temples are found in Japan.
Most Indonesians study the Koran.
Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin America.
_____These statements illustrate a result of
(1) westernization
(2) cultural diffusion
(3) economic nationalism
(4) fundamentalism
41. _____The doctrines of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches are all based on
the
(1) concept of reincarnation
(3) teachings of Muhammad
(2) principles of Christianity
(4) leadership of the pope
42. _____Which text is essential to the practice of Islam?
(1) New Testament
(2) Torah
(3) Analects
(4) Qur’an (Koran)
43. _____Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?
(1) refraining from eating meat on Fridays
(3) following the Eightfold Path
(2) praying five times a day
(4) worshipping many gods
. . . The actual journey to Mecca [Makkah] began on the fifth of Dhu al-Hijjah, 1393 (the 29th of December,
1973, according to the Gregorian calendar), at Beirut International Airport, but it was not until the afternoon of
the seventh that I donned [put on] the Ihram [robe] and drove along on the road from Jiddah to Mecca. The
road was crowded with cars, buses and trucks all packed with pilgrims chanting the Hajj refrain, the Talbiyah: . . .
— Michael E. Jansen, An American Girl on the Hajj
44. _____This passage describes the experience of a follower of
(1) Christianity
(3) Islam
(2) Hinduism
(4) Judaism
45. _____Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in
(1) the central authority of the Pope
(2) a prohibition of the consumption of port
(3) reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths
(4) monotheism and ethical conduct
46. _____Which statement best supports the idea that cultural diffusion has greatly affected Southeast Asia?
(1) the population of Southeast Asia is concentrated in rural areas
(2) monsoon climates affect food production in Indonesia
(3) a reliance on subsistence agriculture remains a problem for many Southeast Asian economies
(4) Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam are practiced throughout Southeast Asia
47. _____One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both
(1) support a belief in reincarnation
(2) promote learning as a means to salvation
(3) encourage the use of statues to symbolize God
(4) provide a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior
48. _____The Koran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of
(1) Islam
(2) Judaism
(3) Shinto
(4) Buddhism
49. _____One way in which the Vedas, the Bible, and the Koran are similar is that these religious books
(1) provide guidelines to govern the behavior of believers
(2) deny the existence of a supreme being who rules the universe
(3) encourage strife between segments of believers
(4) support political rebellions to overthrow existing governments
50. _____The introduction of Buddhism into China and of Islam into Indonesia are examples of
(1) social mobility
(2) cultural diffusion
(3) ethnocentrism
(4) interdependence