Name ____________________________________________________________ Date __________________
Ionic Compounds and Metals
Section 4 Metallic Bonds and the Properties of Metals
Skim Section 4 of your text. Write three questions that come to mind from
reading the headings and the illustration captions.
Accept all reasonable responses.
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
Use your text to define each term.
electron sea model
model
in which all metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute
________________________________________________________
their
valence electrons to form a “sea” of electrons, which can
________________________________________________________
move
freely between atoms in the metal
________________________________________________________
delocalized electrons
electrons
present in the outer energy levels of the bonding
________________________________________________________
metallic
atoms that are free to move between atoms because
________________________________________________________
they
are not held by any specific atom
________________________________________________________
metallic bond
the
attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
alloy
a mixture of elements that has metallic properties
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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Name ____________________________________________________________ Date __________________
Section 4 Metallic Bonds and the Properties of Metals (continued)
Metallic Bonds
Use with pages 225–226.
Summarize how the electron sea model accounts for the malleability, high
thermal conductivity, and high electrical conductivity of metals.
An applied force causes metal ions to move through delocalized
_______________________________________________________
electrons in the “electron sea,” making metals malleable and
_______________________________________________________
ductile. The movement of delocalized electrons around positive
_______________________________________________________
metallic cations carries heat and electrical energy throughout
_______________________________________________________
the metal.
_______________________________________________________
Explain the properties of metals by completing the following sentences.
strength and hardness
The __________________________
of transition metals increases as the
increases
number of delocalized electrons _____________.
cations
Because the _____________
in metals are strongly attracted to the delocalized
removed from the metal,
electrons in the metal, they are not easily ___________
durable
causing the metal to be very ___________.
softer than transition metals because they have only
Alkali metals are ________
one delocalized electron per atom.
___________________________
The _______________
melting points of metals vary greatly. The melting points are not as
boiling points
extreme as the _________________.
It does not take an extreme amount of
atoms of a metal to be able to move past each other.
energy for ____________________
boiling
However, during _____________,
atoms must be separated from a group of
cations and electrons which requires a lot of _________.
energy
_______________________,
delocalized electrons in a metal
Light absorbed and released by the ________________________
luster of the metal.
accounts for the __________
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Name ____________________________________________________________ Date __________________
Section 4 Metallic Bonds and the Properties of Metals (continued)
Metal Alloys
Use with pages 227–228.
Match the alloy composition given in the first column with the common
name of the alloy in the second column and the alloy’s uses in the third
column. Draw lines between the appropriate items. Use Table 13 as a
reference.
45% Cu, 15% Ag, 42% Au
cast iron
tableware, jewelry
75% Fe, 17% Cr, 8% Ni
10-carat gold
dental fillings
97% Fe, 3% C
sterling silver
casting
92.5% Ag, 7.5% Cu
dental amalgam
medals, bells
80% Cu, 15% Zn, 5% Sn
brass
instruments, sinks
85% Cu, 15% Zn
bronze
jewelry
50% Hg, 35% Ag,15% Sn
stainless steel
hardware, lighting
Contrast a substitutional alloy with an interstitial alloy. Give an example of
each.
In a substitutional alloy, the atoms of the original metallic solid are
_______________________________________________________
replaced by other metal atoms of similar size. The resulting alloy
_______________________________________________________
possesses properties of both of the component metals. Sterling
_______________________________________________________
silver is an example of a substitutional alloy.
_______________________________________________________
In an interstitial alloy, the small holes (interstices) in a metallic
_______________________________________________________
crystal are filled with smaller atoms of another element. The
_______________________________________________________
resulting alloy has properties that differ from those of the original
_______________________________________________________
metal, but are not necessarily more like the properties of the
_______________________________________________________
added element. Carbon steel is an example of an interstitial alloy.
________________________________________________________
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Name ____________________________________________________________ Date _________________
Ionic Compounds and Metals
Chapter Wrap-Up
Now that you have read the chapter, review what you have learned. List three
important facts about ionic compounds.
Accept all reasonable answers.
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
Review
Use this checklist to help you study.
 Study your Science Notebook for this chapter.
 Study the definitions of vocabulary words.
 Review daily homework assignments.
 Reread the chapter, and review the tables, graphs, and illustrations.
 Answer the Section Review questions at the end of each section.
 Look over the Study Guide at the end of the chapter.
SUMMARIZE
Explain how the atomic properties of an element determine what sort of ion it will form, and what properties a
resulting ionic compound will have.
If an element loses one or more valance electrons in order to attain a noble gas configuration, it
_________________________________________________________________________________________
forms a positively charged ion, or cation. If an element gains electrons to form a stable outer
_________________________________________________________________________________________
electron configuration, it will form a negatively charged ion, or anion. The positive and
_________________________________________________________________________________________
negative ions are bonded in a regular repeating pattern that balances the attraction
_________________________________________________________________________________________
and repulsion of the ions, forming a crystal lattice. The stronger the attraction
_________________________________________________________________________________________
between ions in an ionic compound, the harder the compound, and the higher its
_________________________________________________________________________________________
melting and boiling points.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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