`Nursing Fundamentals Test 4.02
1. Mrs. Thornton is a 70 year old female who has suffered a broken right leg. Her bones
fracture easily because she has:
a. Osteoarthritis
b. Osteoporosis
c. Arthritis
d. Bursitis
2. Mrs. Thornton has a cast applied to her right leg. As her NA you know to check her toes
for and report which of the following:
a. Toes can move in full ROM
b. Toes are pink in color
c. Toes are cool to touch
d. Toes are warm and dry
3. After Mrs. Thornton’s cast has been removed the muscle mass of her right leg has
decreased in size. The medical term for this is
a. Strain
b. Sprain
c. Atrophy
d. Contracted
4. Mrs. Thornton is still in the hospital because she needs to prevent complications,
retraining in ambulating and regain her ability to perform ADL’s. Mrs. Thornton needs
which of the following:
a. Rehabilitation care
b. Maintenance care
c. Restorative care
d. ADL care
5. All of the following are true about rehabilitation care except
a. Emphasis is placed on new abilities
b. Encourages independence and promotes a productive lifestyle
c. Includes a goal of retraining in lost skills
d. Prevent complications
6. You are Mrs. Thornton’s NA and you are working with her on the
rehabilitation/restoration unit. Which of the following is not a part of the NA’s role in
her care:
a. Enable Mrs. Thornton is to do as much as she can
b. Encourage and praise her for her independence and accomplishments
c. Teach Mrs. Thornton new skills
d. Be realistic but never give false hopes
7. Mrs. Thornton’s doctor has ordered her to be ambulated four times a day. You have been
assigned to care for her. As you are walking Mrs. Thornton you know to turn her slowly
because the elderly have:
a. Joints that are less flexible
b. An awkward walking gait
c. Slow recovery from position changes
d. Postural changes
8. Doctor James has also ordered ROM q4h on her right leg because aging effects on the
muscular system includes which of the following:
a. Increase muscle tone
b. Increased response to stimuli
c. Less active muscle use
d. Greater bulk
9. ROM helps to prevent which of the following:
a. Contractures
b. Myalgia
c. Swelling
d. Pain
10. As Mrs. Thornton’s NA you know it is important to check her Dorsalis Pedis pulses to
rule out which of the following complications of inactivity:
a. Thrombus
b. Emboli
c. MRSA
d. Nerve damage
11. You notice a diminished pulse in Mrs. Thornton’s right leg and immediately notify the
RN because this could be a sign of a
a. Infection
b. Thrombus
c. Fracture
d. Paralysis
12. If Mrs. Thornton’s blood clot moves and damages part of her brain due to a blood clot
cutting off blood supply to the brain this would cause her to have a
a. Cerebral Vascular Accident
b. Dementia
c. Alzheimer’s
d. Heart Attack
13. In order to assist Mrs. Thornton in ambulating the Physical Therapist orders a four-point
aid with rubber tips this is a
a. Walker
b. Tripod cane
c. Crutch
d. Wheel chair
14. A walker should be picked up and put down, not
a. Carried
b. Rolled
c. Slid
d. Scooted
15. Canes and walkers are fitted properly when:
a. The top of the cane and walker is level with the femur
b. Elbows are flexed 30-45 degrees
c. Shoulders are stooped
d. The top of the cane and walker is same height as waist
16. When using a cane, the resident should use it on
a. The side with the strongest leg
b. The side with the weakest leg
c. The same side as the injury
d. In front of the weakest leg
17. Crutches are measured to fit properly by a physical therapist. They are being used
correctly when:
a. Armrest fit snugly in axilla
b. Four fingers fit between armrest and axilla
c. Elbows are flexed 40-50 degrees when hands are on the hand grips
d. Weight is supported on hand bars
18. Which of the following is true regarding wheelchairs?
a. Seat should sag toward center of chair
b. Seat should reach back of resident’s bent knee
c. Feet should be placed on footrests for transport
d. Wheelchair guided with front facing downhill
19. Which of the following should not be done when transporting someone on a
stretcher/gurney?
a. Secure safety belts when transferring
b. Raise both side rails
c. Backed feet first into elevators
d. Pushed feet first during transport
20. You use a gait belt when?
a. A resident is non-weight bearing
b. A resident is unsteady on their feet
c. A resident who has good balance
d. A resident who walks fast
21. Which of the following is true when operating a mechanical lift?
a. Lower end of the sling is positioned behind the calves
b. Hooks are turned toward the body
c. Operate mechanical lift alone
d. Area checked for safety hazards
22. The patient is not able to perform ROM by themselves. This is called what type of ROM
a. Resistive
b. Passive
c. Active
d. Active assistive
23. Doctor orders ROM on your patient. As you begin to perform the ROM you notice that
the joint is swollen, reddened you should:
a. Perform ROM gently
b. Do not perform ROM and report condition to supervisor
c. Repeat ROM 5 to 6 times
d. Perform ROM on the other joints
24. Your patient has contact lenses which of the following should not be reported:
a. Clear sclera
b. Swelling
c. Scratching sensations
d. Itching
25. How should you remove a hearing aid?
a. Lift ear piece down and out of the ear
b. Turn volume to highest level
c. Lift ear piece up and out of the ear
d. Use tissues to remove hearing aid
26. Mrs. Hanover had surgery early in the day. Dr. Hammer has ordered her to be dangled,
this means Dr. Hammer want Mrs. Hanover to:
a. Sit on edge of bed for a minute or two before getting up
b. Stand up quickly with the aid of a gait belt
c. Use a walker to get Mrs. Hanover up
d. Have Mrs. Hammer transfer from bed to wheelchair
27. While dangling Mrs. Hanover she complains of dizziness, you observe her face getting
very pale. You should:
a. Stand her anyway
b. Return her to a supine position
c. Lay her down in bed and raise her feet
d. Nothing
28. Mrs. Hanover is 88 years old, which of the following are effects of aging on the sensory
system:
a. Lens in eye are clear
b. Sclera becomes more yellow
c. Increase light reaches the inner eye
d. Soft wax production increases
29. You are assigned to care for Mrs. Hanover. Which of the following symptoms do you
need to report regarding the sensory system:
a. White sclera
b. Clear lens
c. Red, swollen eye lid
d. Clear drainage from eye
30. Mrs. Hanover puts on her call bell but no one answers it right away causing her to fall
and break her tibia. The Orthopedic doctor is called and puts a cast on her leg. You are
assigned to care for Mrs. Hanover and know that cast care is very important. Which of
the following should you do:
a. Keep cast covered
b. Support the cast with your fingers
c. Turn and position frequently to allow air to circulate around cast
d. Leave the cast positioned on the bed
31. Mrs. Hanover’s doctor orders her to cough and deep breathe q4h. She is at-risk because
of which of the following:
a. She has respiratory disorders
b. She is ambulatory
c. She has a cast on
d. She is in rehabilitation
32. Because Mrs. Hanover has a cast on her right leg doctor orders an anti-embolic stocking
on her left leg:
a. To promote venous blood flow to the heart
b. To increase formation of an embolus
c. To increase support
d. To decrease circulation to leg
33. Observations in a patient’s health record should be:
a. Subjective, positive and detailed
b. Made only by the attending physician
c. Reviewed for accuracy by the patient
d. Accurate, concise and complete
34. Which of the following is an objective observation about a patient?
a. The patient’s face is flushed
b. The patient is in a lot of pain
c. The patient is very anxious
d. The patient’s incision itches
35. What would you do to facilitate communication when talking with someone who is
blind?
a. Hold the blind person’s hand or arm during the conversation to provide comfort
b. Let the blind person do all of the talking while you listen
c. Be very descriptive in the language that you use
d. Speak in a louder voice than usual to be sure that the blind person can hear you
36. Mrs. Smith is a 56 year old female who has a dry cough, fever, anorexia and malaise.
What type of facility would she go to for care:
a. Long term care
b. Hospice
c. CCRC
d. Hospital
37. The Board of Nurses does not recognize the term “practice” for nurse aides. BON states
the phrase “practice” is reserved for professional nurses. What is the phrase used to
enumerate what the nurse aide can and cannot do:
a. Ethical responsibility
b. Legal parameters
c. Range of function
d. Workplace fundamentals
38. A student nurse aide was so excited that she was able to see a very interesting procedure
during her clinical rotation. She was telling her fellow nurse aide students about it on the
bus going back to home school. Another student overheard her and recognized that she
was talking about her Aunt. The nurse aide students could be sued for:
a. Breech of confidentiality
b. Invasion of privacy
c. Malpractice
d. Negligence
39. The nurse aide was directed to dangle, stand and walk a patient. The nurse aide did not
lock the bed and the patient fell. This is an example of:
a. Malpractice
b. Negligence
c. Abuse
d. Assault
40. When should masks and protective eyewear be worn?
a. When the health care worker has an eye infection
b. During any procedure that produces blood and body fluids
c. While handling sharp objects
d. Anytime that glove are required, masks and eyewear should be worn
41. Used needles, scalpels, and sharp instruments should be:
a. Carried on a tray to the dirty utility room and placed in a puncture resistant container
b. Placed in a puncture resistant container immediately
c. Re-capped and then put in a puncture-resistant container
d. Wrapped in paper and disposed in a metal trash can
42. During hand washing, what should be done to prevent contamination of hands from the
forearms?
a. Keep the fingers pointed down
b. Prevent touching the sides of the sink
c. Keep the sleeves pulled down over the forearms
d. Wash the forearms first and the hands last
43. What infections are usually spread by health care workers?
a. Nosocomial
b. Hepatic
c. Dermatologic
d. Marginal
44. What is the most appropriate type of aseptic control for a hospital bed?
a. Sterilization
b. Cavitation
c. Antisepsis
d. Disinfection
45. The germs that cause infection, illness, or disease in the body and make you sick are?
a. Non-pathogens
b. Pathogens
c. Germs
d. Microorganisms
46. Which of the following are causative agents?
a. Bacteria
b. Tears
c. Feces
d. Urine
47. What do the initials MRSA stand for?
a. Methicillin resistant streptococcus aures
b. Microorganisms resistant streptococcus aures
c. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
d. Microbe resistant staphylococcus aureus
48. How should you open the door when leaving an isolation room?
a. With you elbow
b. With your hand
c. With your foot
d. With a paper towel
49. When working with a patient who has a hearing aid you know that it should be removed before:
a. Getting a partial bed bath
b. Going to the beauty shop for a shampoo and perm
c. Going to the beauty shop for a hair style
d. Getting her hair braded
50. Mrs. Walter’s daughter Susan states that her mom was a very well respected and liked in her
younger days. Susan stated that wherever she went people told her stories of how her mother
was so kind and caring. What need did this meet for Mrs. Walters?
a. Safety and security
b. Love and affection
c. Self-esteem
d. Spiritual
51. When documenting in a resident’s chart you should always do which of the following?
a. Document in a chronological order
b. Use any abbreviation that helps you save time
c. Record how you interpret the scene
d. Skip a line between each day for easier reading
52. What physical signs would you expect to see in a resident who is dying?
a. Increased pain, decreased hunger
b. Urinary/anal incontinence and decreased flatulence
c. Disorientation, confusion, and LOC
d. Increased peristalsis, abdominal distension
53. What could result from drinking three large glasses of water?
a. Polydipsia
b. Polyuria
c. Hydrocele
d. Hydrocephalus
54. Observations in a patient’s health record should be:
a. Subjective, positive and detailed
b. Made only by the attending physician
c. Reviewed for accuracy by the patient
d. Accurate, concise and complete
55. Mr. Dial, a patient, is laughing and smiling with visitors but complains of severe pain when the
nurse enters the room. Which of the following statements are true?
a. Patient is in pain
b. Patient is NOT in pain
c. Patient’s verbal and non-verbal behavior are inconsistent
d. Patient is very brave for concealing his discomfort from his visitors
56. A person with enlarged glands has:
a. Psychosis
b. Septicemia
c. Adenopathy
d. Cardiomegaly
57. What would you do to facilitate communication when talking with someone who is blind?
a. Hold the blind person’s hand during the conversation to provide comfort
b. Let the blind person do all of the talking while you listen
c. Be very descriptive in the language that you use
d. Speak in a louder voice than usual to be sure that the blind person can hear you
58. A dentist would treat someone with
a. Polydipsia
b. Gingivitis
c. Blepharoplasty
d. Hepatomegaly
59. What is a common cause of communication barriers in a hospital?
a. Everyone speaks quietly
b. The use of medical terminology
c. Patients who cannot read
d. Multiple work shifts
60. Which of the following is a disease of the heart?
a. PAP
b. Hct
c. HBV
d. CHF
61. Someone who has otosclerosis would likely have difficulty>
a. Thinking
b. Singing
c. Hearing
d. Dancing
62. When collecting a specimen, what is the most important thing to do
a. Not touch the outside of the container
b. Assure the specimen container is labeled
c. Place the specimen in a bag
d. Place the lid face down on a flat surface
63. What is the best way to prevent falls in the elderly?
a. Assist the patient with ambulation
b. Answer the call bells promptly
c. Leave the wheelchairs locked
d. Have patient wear leather shoes
64. What does the acronym RACE stand for in fire safety?
a. Rescue, activate, contain and evacuate
b. Remove, action, contain and extinguish
c. Rescue, activate control and extinguish
d. Remove, activate, confine and extinguish
65. What is something you can do if a resident is choking and can still talk?
a. Leave the scene
b. Encourage coughing
c. Do the Heimlich maneuver
d. Give 5 back blows
66. What is the universal sign for chocking?
a. Grasping their chest
b. Grasping their stomach
c. Grasping their nose
d. Grasping their throat
67. What are some signs and symptoms of a heart attack?
a. Shortness of breath, neck pain and constipation
b. Chest pain, diaphoreses and abdominal pain
c. Neck pain, arm pain and shortness of breath
d. Diaphoresis, diarrhea, and neck pain
68. What is the major cause of strokes?
a. Exercise
b. Medication
c. Elevated white blood count
d. Elevated blood pressure
69. An opportunistic infection is one which occurs:
a. When humans ingest eggs or larvae
b. Pathogens enter through a cut in the skin
c. When pathogens enter through food
d. Because the body’s defenses are weak
70. What is one diffusing technique you can use for workplace violence?
a. Standing with your arms crossed
b. Shouting for them to calm down
c. Calling security
d. Ignore personal verbal attacks