Objectives:
1.  Describe
the
major
controversies
that
took
place
during
Taft’s
presidency.
2.  Summarize
the
results
of
the
election
of
1912
and
the
role
of
the
Bull
Moose
Party.
3.  List
Wilson’s
policies
as
President.
Main
Idea:
Presidents
Taft
and
Wilson
continued
to
promote
progressive
reform.
Some
Progressives
were
dissatisfied
with
Taft’s
policies
and
formed
their
own
party.
T.
Roosevelt
ran
as
the
Progressive
party’s
presidential
candidate
in
1912.
President
Ta,
  Theodore
Roosevelt
decides
not
to
run
for
president
in
1908
(no
one
had
be
President
longer
than
8
years)
and
chose
William
Taft
to
be
the
Republican
candidate
for
president.
  Taft
won
easily
and
he
continued
the
progressive
changes
started
under
Roosevelt.
  Taft
supported
the
16th
and
17th
Amendments,
the
Children’s
Bureau,
the
Mann‐Elkins
Act,
and
reserved
more
public
land.
But
Taft
did
not
reduce
tariffs
causing
a
split
in
of
Progressives
in
the
Republican
party.
President
Ta,
Con/nued
  Taft
lost
public
support
over
the
Ballinger‐Pinchot
affair.
  Secretary
of
the
Interior
Ballinger
allowed
several
million
acres
of
public
land
in
Alaska
to
be
purchased
by
private
citizens
for
the
coal
industry.
  Forest
Service
Director
Pinchot
felt
Ballinger
made
a
mistake
and
protested
to
Congress.
Taft
then
fired
Pinchot
and
this
upset
Congress.
Congress
then
investigated
Ballinger.
Although
Ballinger
was
NOT
found
of
any
wrongdoing,
he
resigned.
Those
Opposed
To
Roosevelt’s
Elec/on
Presiden/al
Elec/on
of
1912
  The
election
of
1912
saw
four
main
candidates
for
president:
President
Taft
for
the
Republicans,
Woodrow
Wilson
for
the
Democrats,
Theodore
Roosevelt
for
the
Bull
Moose
Party
(Progressives),
and
Eugene
V.
Debs
for
the
Socialist
Party.
  T.
Roosevelt
took
votes
away
from
Taft
and
that
allowed
Wilson
to
win
the
election
easily.
  Wilson
ran
on
a
reform
platform
called
New
Freedom
and
he
criticized
big
business
and
big
government.
1912
Presiden/al
Elec/on
Dem
‐
Wilson
42%
Popular
Vote,
435
Electoral
Votes
BM
–
T.
Roosevelt
27%
Popular
Vote,
88
Electoral
Votes
Rep
–
Ta,
23%
Popular
Vote,
8
Electoral
Votes
Soc
–
Debs
6%
Popular
Vote,
0
Electoral
Votes
President
Wilson
  President
Wilson
continued
progressive
reforms.
  The
Clayton
Antitrust
Act,
spelled
out
things
that
big
business
could
not
do.
This
continued
the
break
up
of
unfair
monopolies.
  Wilson
helped
create
the
Federal
Reserve
System.
The
“Fed”
created
12
regional
banks.
All
national
banks
had
to
join
the
“Fed.”
The
regional
banks
stored
cash
reserves
and
allowed
member
banks
to
borrow
money
to
meet
short‐term
loans.
The
“Fed”
created
a
new
national
currency
and
increased
the
influence
of
the
government
in
the
economy
by
printing
more
or
less
money,
depending
on
what
the
economy
needed.
  Wilson
wins
reelection
in
1916
barely
(277
‐
254)
by
promising
to
keep
the
U.S.
out
of
World
War
I
The
End
Of
The
Progressive
Era
  The
Progressive
Era
ends
when
the
U.S.
enters
World
War
I
in
1917.
  The
final
progressive
change
will
be
the
19th
Amendment
giving
women
the
right
to
vote
in
1920.