Particle Monitoring at
Angaston
Summary to 31st March 2010
Outline
• Quality of Monitoring
• NEPM Standard and Monitoring Site
• Data
– Cumulative Polar Plot
– Exceedence days
– Effect of Mine Site
• Summary
2
Quality of Monitoring
• Particle monitoring is by Tapered Element Oscillating
Microbalance (TEOM)
• As configured it measured PM10 particles
• Used world wide and by all Australian environment
departments
– Recognised by Peer Review Committee for NEPC
– Capital cost approx. $30,000 plus logger $7,000 plus
enclosure $15,000 plus meteorology equip $10,000
• Operated to Australian Standard AS 3580.9.8-2001.
• Operating parameters are monitored including flows,
temperatures, filter use
• Data recorded and downloaded automatically
• Data validated monthly through a rigorous process that
rejects data when operating parameters are outside set
limits.
3
TEOM PM10 Particle Monitor
Site photos (also available in first monthly report)
4
National Environment Protection Measure
• What is a NEPM Standard? (for PM10 it is the
number 50 µg/m3 as a daily average) a number
based on health effects of a pollutant
• The NEPM goal, is that the Standard for PM10 not
be exceeded on more than 5 days per year
• SA EPA has a Monitoring Plan approved by
Commonwealth Environment Protection
Committee
• Performance Monitoring station (NEPM Site)
–
–
–
In Monitoring Plan submitted to Environment Protection
Council vetted by Peer Review Committee
Generally Representative upper bound
Significant population exposed (20,000 as guide)
• However, at a site that is not a “NEPM Site”
relevant standards (numbers) can still be
applied.
5
Clause 13 of the National Environment
(Ambient Air Quality) Measure
13 - Location of performance monitoring stations
• (1) To the extent practicable, performance monitoring stations should be sited
in accordance with the requirements for Australian Standard AS2922-1987
(Ambient Air-Guide for Siting of Sampling Units). Any variations from AS29221987 must be notified to Council for use in assessing reports.
•
(2) Performance monitoring station(s) must be located in a manner such that
they contribute to obtaining a representative measure of the air quality likely
to be experienced by the general population in the region or subregion.
•
(3) A performance monitoring station should be operated in the same location
for at least 5 years unless the integrity of the measurements is affected by
unforeseen circumstances.
• performance monitoring station means a monitoring station used to
measure achievement against the goal.
6
DATA
• Data have been plotted and examined in a variety of
ways
– Cumulative Polar plot to give indication of
direction of sources
– Exceedences of the NEPM standard
– Percentage of particles from given sector
– Average PM10 levels for sectors
– Difference between Percent wind and Percent
PM10 from a fixed sector.
7
Cumulative Polar Plot
% PM10 vs Wind Direction Straight Gate Bed and
Breakfast , Angaston, 1/4/2009 to 31/3/2010
0
1.6
330
1.4
30
1.2
1.0
300
60
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
270
0.0
90
240
120
210
%PM10 from Direction
% Wind from direction
150
180
8
Cumulative Polar Plot Overlain on Image
0
330
300
270
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
30
60
90
240
120
210
%PM10 from Direction
% Wind from direction
150
180
9
PM10 Values on Exceedence days for the
entire Monitoring Period
Date
Angaston
(µg/m3)
Elizabeth
Comment
12/9/2009
57.4
48.0
General dust
0.0% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
30/9/2009
108.6
70.9
General Dust
3.8% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
1/10/2009
63.5
28.2
From direction of mine
44.6% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
16/11/2009
57.1
26.9
From direction of mine
70.4% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
18/11/2009
57.2
39.9
General dust
37.4% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
31/12/2009
91.0
71.5
General Dust
8.5% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
11/1/2010
52.3
41.3
General Dust
0.7% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
22/1/2010
72.2
46.5
General Dust
0.0% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
10
PM10 Values on Exceedence days for the
entire Monitoring Period (cont)
Angaston
(µg/m3)
Elizabeth
1/2/2010
58.8
14.9
From direction of mine
94.9% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
2/2/2010
65.0
17.4
From direction of mine
21.4% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
17/2/2010
63.3
14.1
From direction of mine
99.3% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
28/2/2010
124.7
26.0
From direction of mine
100% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
1/3/2010
60.9
31.7
From Direction of Mine
97.5% of PM10 from 120 to 170 degree sector
Date
Comment
11
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 12th September 2009
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 30th September 2009
0
0
10.0
12.0
330
30
10.0
330
8.0
300
6.0
60
6.0
300
60
4.0
4.0
2.0
2.0
270
30
8.0
0.0
90
240
120
210
150
% of PM10
180
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
12
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 1st October 2009
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 16th November 2009
0
0
9.0
6.0
330
330
30
8.0
30
7.0
6.0
4.0
300
5.0
300
60
60
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
13
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 18th November 2009
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 31st December 2009
0
330
300
270
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0
7.0
30
60
60
3.0
2.0
1.0
90
150
180
4.0
300
120
210
30
6.0
5.0
240
% of PM10
330
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
14
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 11th January 2010
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 22nd January 2010
0
0
6.0
330
10.0
30
5.0
330
30
8.0
4.0
300
6.0
60
3.0
300
60
4.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
270
0.0
90
240
120
210
150
% of PM10
180
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
15
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 1 Febraury 2010
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 2 Febraury 2010
0
0
10.0
12.0
330
330
30
10.0
8.0
300
30
8.0
6.0
300
60
6.0
60
4.0
4.0
2.0
2.0
270
0.0
90
240
120
210
150
% of PM10
180
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
16
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 17 Febraury 2010
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 28 Febraury 2010
0
330
300
270
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0
12.0
30
60
300
2.0
90
150
180
60
6.0
4.0
120
210
30
10.0
8.0
240
% of PM10
330
270
0.0
90
240
% of PM10
120
210
150
180
Note as there is one monitoring station these data can not reflect impacts on
the upwind side of the mine site.
17
Exceedence days - Average >50µ
µg/m3
• There have been thirteen days >50µg/m3
% PM10 vs Wind Direction at Straight Gate Bed
and Breakfast Site, for 1st March 2010
0
7.0
330
30
6.0
5.0
4.0
300
60
3.0
2.0
1.0
270
0.0
90
240
120
210
150
% of PM10
180
Note as there is one monitoring station these data do not reflect impacts on
the upwind side of the mine site.
18
Effect of Mine Site
• To examine the effect of the mine with only one
monitoring site is difficult however a comparison of
dust from the 120 to 170 degree sector with other
sectors shows:
– 2.78 times dust per degree is observed at the
monitoring site coming from this sector compared to
all other sectors for the monitoring period
– The average for this sector is 27.9 µg/m3
– The average for the 330 to 30 degree sector where
winds arise on generally dusty days is 23.3 µg/m3.
– The average is 18.8 µg/m3 for all sectors excluding
the 120 to 170 degree sector
– The average is 20.9 µg/m3 for all sectors.
19
Average PM10 Concentration for Sectors
Average PM10 concentration for each sector over the time
period 1/4/2009 to 31/3/2010
0
25.00
30
330
20.00
15.00
300
60
10.00
5.00
0.00
270
90
240
120
210
Average for Sector
150
180
20
Are PM10 dust levels from the 120 to 170
degree sector changing?
•
A positive difference between the % wind and % PM10 is an indicator that PM10
levels are higher than the site average. This occurred when wind was blowing
from this sector. Seasonal changes are evident with reductions in January and
February and during the cooler wetter months.
Difference Between % PM10 and % Wind in the sector 120 to 170 Degrees by
Month
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Apr-09
May-09
Jun-09
Jul-09
Aug-09
Sep-09
Oct-09
Nov-09
Dec-09
Jan-10
Feb-10
Mar-10
-2
-4
21
Summary
• PM10 data to present:
– Two or possibly three separate sources of PM10 particles are
evident
– A relatively large proportion of PM10 particles (27.9% of all
PM10) came from 120 to 170 degrees the direction of the
local mine/quarry.
- Of the 13 days >50 µg/m3 5 showed the majority of
particles from the direction of the mine site.
- There is a higher than average level of PM10 dust from the
sector 120 to 170 degrees
- When winds are blowing from the 120 to 170 and 330 to 30
degree sectors PM10 levels are higher than average. This is
not observed in other sectors.
- It must be noted that with one station the data cannot
reflect PM10 levels at sites upwind of the mine
22