Dr. Raul Roa's Speech
A t the United Nations
See Page 3
THE
MILITANT
PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE
Price 10c
NEW YORK. N. Y., M O N D A Y. JA N U A R Y 9, 1961
Vol. X X V — No. 2
“ Brink of War” W hite
Policy in Laos
Deployment of U.S. Forces
Alarms Both Britain, France
By M. L. Stafford
House Held Guilty
In Rupture with Cubans
J A N U A R Y 3 — A lth o u g h John Foster D ulles is dead
his p o lic y o f “ b rin k m a n s h ip ” is s t ill v e ry m uch alive. The
w o rld was take n p e rilo u s ly closer to the b rin k of w a r w hen
Cuba Tourists
Had ‘The Time
Of Our Lives’
N E W Y O R K , Jan . 3 — “ W e
h a d th e tim e o f o u r liv e s ! ” T h a t
w as th e re p o r t o f Jam es K u t che r, one o f th e 325 to u ris ts w h o
re tu rn e d h e re to d a y fro m a te n d a y v is it to C u b a w h ic h w as
sponsored b y th e F a ir P la y f o r
C u ba C o m m itte e .
“ T h e w e a th e r w as w a rm and
w o n d e rfu l and th e a cco m m od a­
tio n s a t th e H a v a n a R iv ie ra
w e re th e m o st m a g n ific e n t I ’ve
e v e r seen, no less staye d in ,”
he said.
K u tc h e r w as tir e d b u t g lo w ­
in g . “ W e w e re on th e g o a ll t he
tim e w e w e re th e re ,” he said.
“ W e v is ite d a fa rm co o p e ra tive ,
a to b b a co c o o p e ra tiv e , an a l l i ­
g a to r fa rm , a fis h in g co o p e ra tive .
"W h e re v e r w e w en t th ey
ro lle d oul the carpet. The
buses w o u ld p u ll into a village
and the w hole to w n w ou ld
tu rn out. T h e y had brass
bands and the people cheered
and shouted, 'C uba si, Y a n ­
kees si, Im p e ria lis m o, no!'
“ I n H a v a n a w e v is ite d som e o f
th e lo w -c o s t p u b lic houses. W e
saw th e M o is e y e v b a lle t a n d
w e re th e guests o f h o n o r a t a b ig
b a n q u e t a t R io C ry s ta l, a b e a u ­
t i f u l p a rk .
“ E v e ry b o d y w a s e n th u se d by
th e r e v o lu tio n ,” he c o n tin u e d .
“ I d o n ’t t h in k a s in g le person
w as d is a p p o in te d . T h e e n th u ­
siasm w e m e t e v e ry w h e re w as
c o n ta g io u s; and w e w e re v e ry
m u c h im p re sse d b y w h a t th e
re v o lu tio n has a cco m p lish e d f o r
th e o r d in a ry p o o r p e o p le .”
“ A b o u t a h u n d re d p e op le fro m
th e to u r c o n trib u te d b lo o d f o r
th e b lo o d b a n k th e re ,” he r e ­
p o rte d .
Partial Victory
In Rights Case
JA N . 5 —
A p a r tia l v ic to r y
fo r c iv il r ig h ts a n d c iv i l lib e r ­
tie s w as w o n Dec. 28 w h e n th e
F lo r id a S u p re m e C o u rt u p se t
th e c o n te m p t c o n v ic tio n o f Rev.
E d w a rd T. G ra h a m , a M ia m i
le a d e r, o f th e N a tio n a l A s s o c ia ­
tio n f o r th e A d v a n c e m e n t o f
C o lo re d People.
H o w e v e r, th e c o u rt u p h e ld
th e s e n te n c in g o f R ev. T h e o d o re
R. G ib so n , p re s id e n t o f th e
M ia m i N A A C P , f o r h is re fu s a l
to s u rre n d e r m e m b e rs h ip lis ts
o f th e o rg a n iz a tio n to a state
w itc h - h u n t in g c o m m itte e . H is
case w i l l be ta k e n to th e U.S.
S u p re m e C o u rt.
B o th m in is te rs w e re g iv e n
s ix -m o n th sentences a n d fin e d
$1,200 la s t A u g u s t a fte r r e fu s ­
in g on F ir s t A m e n d m e n t g ro u n d s
to c o m p ly w it h th e , s ta te c o m ­
m itte e ’s d e m a n d f o r th e lis t.
T h e com m ittee claim ed it
w an ted to check the list fo r
alleged "subversives." F a th e r
Gibson charged this was a
p re te x t fo r destroying the
N A A C P . R ev. G rah a m even
refused to te ll the c o m m itte e
i f he was a m em ber of the
NAACP.
T h e F lo r id a h ig h c o u r t u p ­
h e ld h im on th is p o in t, s a y in g
t h a t th e c o m m itte e ha d n o t
s h o w n th e q u e s tio n w as p e r tin ­
e n t to its in q u ir y .
B u t in th e sam e b re a th , th e
ju d g e s ru le d t h a t th e c o m m it­
te e ’s d ire c tiv e to F a th e r G ib so n
to p ro d u c e th e m e m b e rs h ip lis ts
d id n o t v io la te his r ig h ts o r th e
rig h ts o f bo na fid e N A A C P
m e m b e rs.
the U n ite d S tates began m u s te r­
in g its m ilit a r y forces f o r a m ore
aggressive in te rv e n tio n in s u p ­
p o rt o f its c o u n te r -re v o lu tio n a r y
p u p p e t re g im e in
s tr ife - to r n
Laos.
T h e Jan. 2 N e w Y o r k T im es
re p o rts in fo rm a tio n “ fr o m S te w ­
a r t A i r F o rce Base in T e n n e s­
see,” th a t “ C-130 tro o p -c a rr y in g
planes fr o m th e re had gone to
‘p ic k u p p e op le w h o fig h t.’ ” In
a d d itio n , “ an a le r t w as issued a t
S h a w A i r F o rce Base, S o u th
C a ro lin a , and a fo u r-h o u r a le rt
was g iv e n to te st th e m o b ility at
th e 662nd A i r R e fu e lin g S q u a d ­
ro n a t A le x a n d r ia , L a .” A ir
F o rce
spokesm en
said
th a t
tro o p -c a rry in g
planes o f th e
T a c tic a l A i r C o m m a n d “ are b e ­
in g re p o s itio n e d f o r a n y e v e n ­
t u a lit y . ”
A N a v y ta s k fo rc e in th e
S o u th C h in a Sea has been a le r t ­
ed f o r po ssib le a c tio n in Laos.
“ T h e c a r r ie r L e x in g to n , re c e n t­
ly a t H o n g K o n g , is in c lu d e d in
th is fo rc e an d tw o tra n s p o rts
w ith a b o u t 1,200-M a rin e s are a l­
so on h a n d .” W h ile th e P e n ta ­
gon ra ttle s its ro cke ts, W a s h in g ­
to n is c a llin g f o r a m e e tin g o f
th e S o u th e a st A s ia T re a ty O r­
g a n iz a tio n to “ c o n s u lt” o v e r a
h e ig h te n in g o f th e c ris is a tm o s­
p h e re in Laos. T h e n e w “ c ris is ”
de ve lo p e d o v e r th e series o f
m ilit a r y de feats su ffe re d b y th e
W a s h in g to n -s u p p o rte d “ r ig h t is t ”
re g im e o f G en. P h o u m i N osovan.
R e vo lu tio n ary
C h ina
has
w arn e d it w ill not to lerate d i­
rect U .S. in te rve n tio n in Laos.
T h e Soviet U n ion and N o rth
V ie t N a m support the Chinese
position. A la rm e d at the re c k ­
less course pursued b y W ash­
ington,
both
B rita in
and
France have d em u rred at be­
ing
dragged
in to
another
Korea.
E v e n such re sp e cta b le voices
as c o lu m n is t W a lte r L ip p m a n n
and th e N e w Y o r k T im e s ha ve
been c r it ic a l o f W a s h in g to n ’s
w a r - lik e s ta n c e , a n d h a v e c a u ­
tio n e d a g a in s t p re c ip ita te a ctio n .
T h e c ris is in Laos cam e as a
re s u lt o f th e m a n e u v e rin g o f th e
U n ite d S tates to m a ke o f th a t
u n h a p p y c o u n try a c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n a r y b a s tio n in S ou thea st
A sia . O r ig in a lly p a r t o f F re n c h
In d o c h in a , Laos cam e in to e x is t­
ence as an in d e p e n d e n t sta te as
a r e s u lt o f th e 1954 G en eva c o n ­
fe re n ce w h ic h ended e ig h t yea rs
o f fig h tin g a g a in s t th e F re n c h
im p e ria lis ts .
U n d e r th e G en eva a g re e m e n t
th e area, fo r m e r ly k n o w n as th e
A sso cia te d S tates o f In d o c h ih a ,
w as d iv id e d in to its co m p o n e n t
states: n a m e ly , Laos, C a m b o d ia
and V ie t N a m . V ie t N a m w as
(C ontinued on Page 2)
Pacifists Face
Prison Terms
S t if f p ris o n
sentences and
h e a v y fines m a y be in th e o ffin g
f o r a g ro u p o f y o u n g p a cifists
w h o p ro te s te d th e la u n c h in g o f
a s u b m a rin e c a rry in g n u c le a r
w eapons a t N e w L o n d o n , C onn.,
N o v . 22.
E ig h t m e m b e rs o f th e C o m ­
m itte e f o r N o n -V io le n t A c tio n
w e re in d ic te d on th e cha rge th a t
th e y “ d id k n o w in g ly o b s tru c t
and in te rfe r e w it h th e la u n c h ­
in g o f th e U.S. E th a n A lle n . . . ”
T h e y face a m a x im u m p e n a lty
o f te n ye a rs in p ris o n a n d a
$10,000 fine.
A n a d d itio n a l in d ic tm e n t w as
ha n d e d d o w n a g a in s t tw o o f th e
g ro u p w h o succeeded in b o a rd ­
in g th e b o m b -la d e n s u b m a rin e .
T h e added cha rge c a rrie s a m a x ­
im u m p e n a lty o f one y e a r in
p ris o n and a $5,000 fine.
Hiroshima’s 1960 A-Blast Toll
—47 Deaths in Eleven Months
A t th e tim e th e b o m b w as
1945 dro p p e d , 78,150 p e op le w e re
k ille d .
M o re th a n 50,000 w e re
lis te d as w o u n d e d o r m issin g .
A T o k y o n e w s p a p e r re p o rte d
S in ce th e n a n u m b e r ha ve
D ec. 27 t h a t 47 persons d ie d a t d ie d each y e a r fr o m e ffe cts o f
A ls o a p ro n o u n c e d
th e H iro s h im a A to m ic Disease th e b la st.
H o s p ita l b e tw e e n Jan . 1 and ris e in th e in c id e n c e o f le u k e ­
N o v . 30, 1960, o f illn e s s a t t r i ­ m ia has been n o te d a m o n g c h il­
d re n in H iro s h im a .
b u te d to th e b o m b in g .
T h e “ p r im it iv e ” a to m ic b o m b
d ro p p e d on H iro s h im a in
is s t ill ta k in g its to ll.
Aim Is to Isolate Revolution;
Drown It in Bloody Civil War
Belgian Strikers on the M arch
By Joseph Hansen
The tr u th is th a t the b rea k in d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
w ith Cuba Jan. 3 was a ca lculated step, long p la nn e d byW ashington. I t was d e lib e ra te ly tim e d to occur in t h e
closing weeks of the R ep ub lica n E isenhow e r a d m in is tra ­
tio n . I t was done a b ru p tly to catch the p u b lic b y s u rp rise
an d fo re s ta ll protest. The in c o m in g D em ocratic a d m in is­
tr a t io n w a s n o t o n ly in fo r m e d
o f th e d e cisio n , in a ll lik e lih o o d
i t w as a se cre t p a rtn e r, since
K e n n e d y ’s f ir s t
a p p o in tm e n ts
w e re A lle n D u lle s o f th e C e n tra l
In te llig e n c e A g e n c y a n d J. E d ­
g a r H o o v e r o f th e F B I, b o th o f
w h o m a re d e e p ly in v o lv e d in
th e c o u n te r-r e v o lu tio n a r y o p e r­
a tio n s a g a in s t C uba.
N E W Y O R K , Ja n . 4 — T h e
T h e purpose of th e d ip lo ­
F a ir P la y f o r C u b a C o m m itte e ,
m atic b reak, lik e the series of
th e n a tio n a l o rg a n iz a tio n he ad ed
"to ug h " preceding steps, is to
b y W a ld o F r a n k an d C a rle to n
isolate the C uban R evo lu tion ,
B ea ls w h ic h w as fo rm e d la s t
p rev en t it fro m spreading to
A p r i l to h e lp im p ro v e re la tio n s
the rest of L a tin A m e ric a and
b e tw e e n th e U n ite d S ta te s a rid
th en stam p it out b y crushing
C uba, to d a y sen t a te le g ra m to
P re s id e n t - e le c t K e n n e d y e x ­
p re s s in g g ra tific a tio n o v e r h is
See Editorials
re fu s a l to associate h im s e lf w it h
th e E is e n h o w e r a d m in is tra tio n 's
Page 3
r u p tu r e o f d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
w ith th e C u b a n g o v e rn m e n t.
th e Castro g overnm ent and
T h e co m m ittee urged K e n ­
p u ttin g back in p ow er a d ic­
nedy to restore d ip lo m atic re ­
ta to ria l B a tis ta-typ e puppet
lations w ith C uba im m e d ia te ly
regim e.
a fte r his in au g u ratio n Jan. 20.
W it h
w h a t b ra ze n , a lm o s t
A n o th e r te le g ra m w a s sent to
H it le r - lik e h y p o c r i s y , W a ll E is e n h o w e r e x p re s s in g “ d is m a y
S tre e t’s ag en ts o p e ra te !
T he a n d p ro te s t” a t th e p re c ip ita te
p ro o f scream s fr o m th e pages r u p tu r e . T h e c o m m itte e u rg e d
o f th e c a p ita lis t p re ss. T ake th e th e a d m in is tra tio n n o t to ta k e
m o s t re s e rv e d o f a ll o f th e m — a n y f u r t h e r steps, in th e fe w
th e N e w Y o r k T im e s. O n page w e e ks le f t to i t in o ffic e , w h ic h
e ig h t o f th e Jan . 5 issue, w e re a d m ig h t w o rs e n th e s itu a tio n .
e x c e rp ts fr o m one o f th e spe ech­
T h e c o m m itte e also w ir e d
es o f Jam es J. W a d s w o rth , U.S. S enate M a jo r it y L e a d e r M ik e
d e le g a te to th e U n ite d N a tio n s : M a n s fie ld a n d S p e a k e r o f th e
“ . . . th e re a l a tta c k e r h e re is H o use S am R a y b u rn u r g in g a
th e C u b a n G o v e rn m e n t. T h e th o ro u g h g o in g p u b lic in v e s tig a ­
w e a p o n s a re c h a ra c te r assassi­ tio n o f th e re p o rts o f C e n tra l I n ­
n a tio n an d fa ls e a la rm s . T h e te llig e n c e A g e n c y c o m p lic ity in
ta rg e t is n o t ju s t th e U n ite d th e fin a n c in g , a rm in g a n d t r a in ­
S tates b u t a ll th o se G o v e rn ­ in g o f fo rc e s p re p a rin g to in v a d e
Cuba.
m e n ts o f th e W e s te rn H e m i­
sph ere w h o se p o lic ie s th e le a d ­
“ R e sp o n sib le L a tin - A m e r ic a n
e rs h ip in H a v a n a does n o t h a p ­ e x p e rts such as P ro fe s s o r R o n ­
pe n to lik e . A n d th e la u n c h in g a ld H ilt o n o f S ta n fo rd U n iv e r ­
p o in t f o r th e p ro p a g a n d a i n ­ s ity ,” sa id th e te le g ra m , “ re p o rt
v a s io n is r ig h t h e re in th e th a t in G u a te m a la th e re is a
U n ite d N a tio n s .”
w id e s p re a d b e lie f a m o n g jo u r n ­
D o y o u g e t th e p ic tu re ? G re a t a lis ts a n d o p p o s itio n m e m b e rs of
that
m y s te rio u s
b ig C uba, a rm e d w it h a s to c k ­ p a rlia m e n t
p ile o f 1,000 H -b o m b s an d m a ­ t r a in in g cam ps in t h a t c o u n tr y
t e r ia l f o r 50,000 m o re , th r e a te n ­ ow e t h e ir su d d e n e x is te n c e to
in g th e p o o r, l i t t l e defenseless th e C IA .
is la n d o f th e U n ite d S tates a n d
“ T h e re a re s im ila r a lle g a tio n s
a ll th e o th e r li t t l e g o v e rn m e n ts about C I A in v o lv e m e n t in th e
in th e W e s te rn H e m is p h e re — tra in in g o f in v a s io n fo rc e s in
and s ta r tin g th e p ro je c te d i n ­ F lo rid a a n d N ic a ra g u a .
v a s io n o f th e U n ite d S tates r ig h t
“ T h e c h a ra c te r o f these r e ­
in th e U N !
p o rts a n d w id e s p re a d b e lie f in
N o w t u r n to page one o f th e t h e ir basic a c c u ra c y c a ll in to
sam e p a p e r an d re a d th e sp e cia l q u e s tio n th is c o u n tr y ’s o b s e rv ­
d is p a tc h f r o m W a s h in g to n :
ance o f in te r n a tio n a l la w a n d
“ T h e U n ite d S tates G o v e rn ­ th e p r in c ip le o f n o n in te rv e n tio n
m e n t is h o p e fu l t h a t th e b re a k in th e d o m e s tic a ffa irs o f o th e r
in
d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
w it h c o u n trie s .
C u b a w i l l s p u r th e O rg a n iz a tio n
“ W e th e re fo re u rg e th a t t h e
o f A m e ric a n S tates to ta k e ac­ n e w C ongress im m e d ia te ly p r o ­
tio n soon to q u a ra n tin e th e r e ­ ceed to a th o ro u g h p u b lic i n ­
g im e o f P re m ie r F id e l C a stro . . . v e s tig a tio n o f a ll aspects o f th e
“ A m a jo r c o n trib u tin g reason, C I A ’s a c tiv itie s in r e la tio n to
(C ontinued on Page 2)
C u b a .”
Kennedy Urged
To Restore
U.S.-Cuba Ties
S trik in g B elgian w orkers in a g iant m arch Dec. 27. T h e y
tu rn ed out fo r a new mass dem onstration Jan. 3 and fought
off sa ber-w ieldin g m ounted cops as th e y pressed th e ir dem and
fo r w ith d ra w a l of the governm ent's "a u s te rity " program . T he
socialist-led general strik e en tered its th ird w ee k th a t day
w ith 75,000 w orkers o ffic ia lly repo rted s till off the job,
T h e unionists don't in te n d to have the economic burden
of the loss o f the Congo saddled on them .
Belgian Strikes Democrats Fail to Pass
Help Congolese
Freedom Fight First Test of Congress
By M urry Weiss
In th e h e a rt o f in d u s tria liz e d
W e s te rn E u ro p e , in B e lg iu m , the
s o c ia lis t-m in d e d w o r k in g class
has been on s tr ik e f o r tw o
w e eks
a g a in s t th e c a p ita lis t
“ a u s te r ity ” p ro g ra m o f P re m ie r
G a sto n E ysken s. T h is tu r b u le n t
m o v e m e n t w as d e scrib e d b y a
B e lg ia n ob se rve r, q u o te d in th e
N e w Y o r k T im e s o f Jan. 1, as
re a c h in g
“ near
r e v o lu tio n a r y
p ro p o rtio n s .”
A n o th e r c o rre s ­
p o n d e n t w ro te t h a t such a mass
m o v e m e n t o f w o rk e rs w as “ a l­
m o s t u n b e lie v a b le in m o d e rn
E u ro p e .”
W h y “ a lm o s t u n b e lie v a b le ” ?
D id th e m o n o p o ly press m an ag e
to
c o n v in c e
its e lf
th a t
th e
w o r k in g class in th e in d u s tr ia lly
a d va n ce d c o u n trie s lik e B e l­
g iu m h a d r e a lly becom e a b u l­
w a r k o f s u p p o rt f o r th e c a p i­
t a lis t system ?
T h e c o lo n ia l re v o lu tio n has
d o m in a te d
th e
w o r ld
scene
since th e end o f W o rld W a r I I .
B u t soo ne r o r la te r, i t h a d to
fin d an e c h o in g response a m o ng
th e in d u s tr ia l w o rk e rs o f th e
a d va n ce d c o u n trie s — i f o n ly
because o f th e collap se o f th e
im p e r ia lis t
eco no m ic
e q u ili­
b r iu m . T h e in d e p e n d e n ce m o v e ­
m e n t in th e C ongo in te rfe re d
w ith th e flo w o f su p e r p ro fits
to B e lg ia n im p e ria lis ts . N a tu r ­
a lly , fin a n ce c a p ita l has a v io ­
le n t d is lik e f o r losses. So th e y
p ro po sed th a t th e B e lg ia n w o r k ­
ers re p a y th e m f o r t h e ir losses
in th e Congo. T h e w o r k in g class
re p lie d w it h s trik e s th a t sw e p t
th e c o u n try .
C oncretely,
the
au ste rity
program (the "L o i U n iq u e")
proposed b y P re m ie r Eys­
kens' Social C h ristian p a rty
(C atho lic) in coalition w ith
the L ib e ra l p a rty (conserva­
tiv e ) consists of the fo llo w ­
ing: a slashing of wages, cuts
in u nem p lo ym en t benefits, the
closing of an tiqu ated mines
and factories w ith the subse­
quent creation of a perm an en t
a rm y of jobless, the e lim in a ­
tion of past social w e lfa re
concessions and the le v y of
new , h eav y taxes on the
people.
T h e c a p ita lis t m agnates, yo u
see, c la im th a t th e B e lg iu m eco­
n o m y has been p a in fu lly h u r t
a n d “ d is lo c a te d .” T h e p e op le
o f th e C ongo in th e pa st “ co n ­
tr ib u te d ” som e $3 b illio n to
B e lg ia n p r o s p e rity in r e t u r n
(C ontinued on Page 2 J
J A N . 5 — T h e a c tiv e o p p o si­ th a t th e r u le be cha ng ed b y re ­
tio n o f P re s id e n t-e le c t K e n n e d y q u ir in g th re e - fifth s in s te a d o f
th e p re s e n t t w o - th ir d s v o te to
an d h is lie u te n a n ts to th e e ffo rt
s h u t o ff debate. T h e th re e -fifth s
to a m e nd S en ate R u le X X I I has a m e n d m e n t has been f u r t h e r
p r a c tic a lly do om e d a n y hope o f a m e n d e d to p ro v id e t h a t o n ly a
m e a n in g fu l c iv il- r ig h t s le g is la ­ s im p ly m a jo r it y be re q u ire d .
tio n fr o m th is session o f C o n ­ T h is “ a lte rn a te p ro p o s a l,” , says
B a k e r, “ is g iv e n no cha nce o f
gress.
success.”
A s p re s e n tly w r itte n , R u le
In 1957 and 1959 Senate m a ­
X X I I is th e p r in c ip a l w e a p o n
jo r ity leader L y n d o n B. John­
used b y th e D ix ie c ra ts in th e
son led the D ix ie c ra t fight
S en ate to filib u s te r c iv il- r ig h t s
against a rules change b y use
le g is la tio n to de ath. I t p ro v id e s
of the m otion to tab le. I t is
th a t d e ba te ca n n o t be s h u t o ff
this tactic th a t the K e n n ed y
e x c e p t b y v o te o f tw o - th ir d s o f
spokesmen are u rg in g upon
th e m e m b e rs p re s e n t a n d v o t­
th e ir fe llo w Dem ocrats to k ill
in g . T h e r u le can be cha ng ed
even the m ild e r of the tw o
o n ly a t th e o p e n in g o f each n e w
am endm ents.
session o f Congress.
“ M e a n w h ile ,” says B a k e r, “ in
“ T h is fir s t te s t o f s tre n g th ,” th e House, S p e a ke r S am R a y ­
says th e Jan . 4, C h r is tia n S c i­ b u rn w as s t ill m a r k in g tim e on
ence M o n ito r, “ w i l l h e lp d e te r­ h is th re a te n e d p u rg e o f W illia m
m in e th e a u th o r ity o f th e le a d ­ M . C o lm e r, D e m o c ra t o f M is s is ­
e rs h ip an d th e r e a lit y o f D e m o ­ s ip p i, fr o m th e H o use R u les
Com m itte e .”
R a ybu rn
had
c ra tic c o n v e n tio n p ro m ise s.”
p ro m is e d th e “ lib e r a ls ” in C o n ­
S e v e ra l w e eks p r io r to th e
o p e n in g o f C ongress, P re s id e n t­ gress th a t he w o u ld use h is in ­
flue nce
to
e lim in a te
C o lm e r
e le c t K e n n e d y c a lle d a m e e tin g
fr o m th e k e y H ouse R u les C o m ­
o f to p D e m o c ra tic C o n g re ssio n a l
m itte e a n d re p la ce h im w it h a
leaders, to “ p re p a re h is in it ia l
le g is la tiv e p ro g ra m a n d s tr a t­
eg y.” P re s e n t a t these c o n fe r­
ences w e re S e n a to r L y n d o n B.
Jo h n so n o f Texas, th e V ic e
P re s id e n t-e le c t
and
r e t ir in g
S enate m a jo r it y le ad er, S p e a ke r
By Cyrus Thomas
Sam R a y b u rn o f T e xa s and
S e n a t o r M ik e M a n s fie ld o f
P ro m in e n t spo kesm e n f o r th e
M o n ta n a , th e p ro s p e c tiv e m a ­ N e g ro c o m m u n ity are b e co m in g
jo r i t y leader.
c o n v in c e d th a t in P re s id e n t­
F o llo w in g these conferences, e le ct Jo h n F. K e n n e d y th e y are
M a n s fie ld a n n o u n ce d th a t th e c o n fro n te d
w it h
a
p o litic a l
D e m o c ra tic h ig h co m m a n d was tw is te r o f th e f ir s t o rd e r.
opposed to a fig h t o v e r R u le
A s id e fr o m h is ro le in s id e ­
X X I I w h ic h w o u ld “ th re a te n tra c k in g a fig h t on th e k e y c iv ilth e P re s id e n t-e le c t’s le g is la tiv e
rig h ts “ R u le X X I I ” issue, K e n ­
p ro g ra m .” T h is has been the
n e d y ’s o ffe r o f th e p o stm a ste r
lin e ta k e n b y th e K e n n e d y
g e n e ra ls h ip to R e p re s e n ta tiv e
lie u te n a n ts in the d is p u te o v e r
W illia m L . D a w s o n o f Illin o is
R u le X X I I .
and th a t p o lit ic ia n ’s h a s ty r e ­
N e w Y o r k T im e s c o rre s p o n d ­ fu s a l, h a ve s tir re d s tro n g s u ­
ent, R u sse ll B a k e r, re p o rts th a t
s p ic io n o f a d ir t y deal.
“ h e a v y p re ssu re s” w e re b e in g
Jam es L . H ic k s , e x e c u tiv e e d i­
e x e rte d on “ new S en ators n o t to
s ta r t t h e ir careers b y e n d a n g e r­ to r o f th e N e w Y o r k A m s te rd a m
in g th e n e w A d m in is tr a tio n ’s N ew s, p u lle d no pu nch es in
le g is la tiv e
p ro g ra m .”
“ T h i s s tig m a tiz in g th e D a w s o n a ffa ir
a rg u m e n t,” adds B a k e r, “ is b e ­ as a c ru d e ly staged fa rce . H ic k s
in g h e a rd b y D e m o c ra tic b a c k ­ poses th e rh e to ric a l q u e s tio n in
ers o f th e th re e -fifth s p la n , w h o h is re g u la r w e e k ly c o lu m n in
are b e in g c a u tio n e d th a t f a ilu r e th e Dec. 24 issue: “ W h e re do y o u
to ta b le i t m a y h a ve d a m a g in g sta n d on C o ng ressm an B i l l D a w ­
effects on th e n e w A d m in is tr a ­ son’s' re fu s a l to accept th e jo b
t io n ’s p ro g ra m .”
o f P o s tm a s te r G e n e ra l- o f th e
T h e “ th re e -fifth s p la n ” is th e U n ite d S tates in th e C a b in e t o f
m ild e r o f th e a lte rn a tiv e a m e n d ­ P re s id e n t-e le c t J o h n F. K e n ­
m e n ts b e in g s o u g h t b y o p p o n ­ n e d y ? ” H is a n s w e r is b o th d i­
en ts o f R u le X X I I . I t p ro v id e s re c t a n d e m p h a tic :
s u p p o rte r o f th e K e n n e d y a d ­
m in is tra tio n .
C o lm e r h a d te a m e d w it h th e
u ltr a - r e a c tio n a r y C h a irm a n o f
th e c o m m itte e , H o w a rd S m ith
o f V irg in ia , to f o r m a b lo c w it h
R e p u b lic a n m e m b e rs to s tra n g le
a ll c iv il- r ig h t s le g is la tio n . R a y ­
b u r n is a p p a re n tly “ m a rk in g
tim e ” to p u t adde d pre ssu re on
th e “ lib e ra ls ” in Congress to
c a ll o ff t h e ir c o n te s t to am end
S enate R u le X X I I .
F a ilu r e to a m e n d R u le X X I I
m u s t be la id s q u a re ly a t th e
d o o r o f P re s id e n t-e le c t K e n ­
n e d y.; “ S enate le ad ers a n d o p ­
p o n e n ts o f cha ng e,” says B a k e r,
“ say th a t a v o te n o w w o u ld be
e x tre m e ly close f o r th e fir s t
tim e in th e h is to r y o f th e a n t i­
filib u s te r m o v e m e n t.” W ith even
lu k e w a rm s u p p o rt, in s te a d o f
h o s tile o p p o s itio n b y th e K e n ­
n e d y le a d e rs i n Congress, an
a n tifilib u s te r v ic t o r y c o u ld h a ve
been w o n .
T h is w o u ld h a v e m e a n t, h o w ­
eve r, a d e c is iv e b r eak w it h th e
re a c tio n a ry D ix e c ra t b lo c in
Congress a n d K e n n e d y is n o t
fo r th a t.
Dawson Affair — A Crudely Staged Farce
“ I ’ll te ll y o u w h e re I s ta n d ,”
says H ic k s , “ I d o n ’t b e lie v e a
w o rd o f it.
“ I t h in k i t w as a ‘d e a l.’ I t h in k
i t s tin k s to h ig h H e a v en. A n d
as f a r as I ’m con cern ed, i t t a r n ­
ishes b o th K e n n e d y an d D a w ­
son.
“ D o n 't g e t m e w ro n g , n o w ,”
H ic k s adds. “ I k n o w th a t K e n ­
n e d y o ffe re d th e jo b to D a w s o n
and I k n o w th a t D a w s o n re fu s e d
“ S u s p ic io n H in ts R e fu s a l W as
P la n n e d .”
A c c o rd in g to th e p a p e r, H a r ­
o ld C. B u rto n , s e n io r N e g ro R e ­
p u b lic a n le a d e r i n N e w Y o r k
S ta te a n d D is tr ic t L e a d e r o f
H a r le m ’s 12th A s s e m b ly D is ­
tr ic t , “ f la t ly ’ expressed d o u b t
th a t th e o ffe r a n n o u n ce d b y
S e n a to r K e n n e d y w a s m ad e in
good f a it h . . .” H e e xp resse d h is
o p in io n “ th a t th e S en ate P ost
O ffic e C o m m itte e w o u ld tie u p
“ B u t I t h in k K e n n e d y w o u ld a n y p o st o ffic e le g is la tio n d u r ­
h a v e d ro p p e d dead i f D a w so n in g th e n e x t session o f Congress
ha d accepted th e jo b — and I i f a N e g ro w e re m a d e p o s tm a s ­
t h in k K e n n e d y k n e w w h e n he t e r g e n e ra l.”
T h is is a v e ry c o g e n t o b s e r­
o ffe re d th e jo b to D a w s o n th a t
D a w s o n w as g o in g to t u r n i t v a tio n , as th e c h a irm a n o f th e
S enate P o st O ffic e a n d C iv il
dow n.
S e rv ic e C o m m itte e h a pp en s to
" In other w ords," H icks con­
be O lin D. J o h n s to n o f S o u th
cludes, " I th in k B ill Dawson
C a ro lin a , one o f th e m o s t ra b id
once more allo w ed him self to
D ix ie c r a t w h ite -s u p re m a c is ts in
be 'used' b y the p a rty to th ro w
Congress.
up a smokescreen before yo u r
eyes and m ine. H e did it once
" I f th e offer was m ade,"
before w hen he defended a
added B u rto n , " it m ay have
w e a k c iv il-rig h ts p la tfo rm fo r
been m ade w ith a p rearran ged
th e Dem ocrats."
und erstanding th a t D aw son
w o u ld re je ct."
A m o n g o th e rs, th e C a ro lin a
T im es, Dec. 24, h e a d lin e s its
I n s u m m in g u p th e a rg u m e n ts
s to r y o n th e D a w s o n a ffa ir: p ro a n d c o n o n th e D a w s o n
a ffa ir, th e C a ro lin a T im e s says:
“ I t w as a f in e g e s tu re b u t i t is
p o ssib le th e y g o t a g re e m e n t
fr o m D a w s o n in a d va n ce to t u r n
i t d o w n . I t is a k n o w n fa c t t h a t
D a w s o n w i l l go a lo n g w i t h a l­
m o s t a n y th in g th e p a r ty says.”
J ames L . H ick s im p a tie n tly
brushes aside such c irc u m ­
spection and g ru ffly asserts:
" I don't g ive a d am n w h a t
anyone says — I charge th a t
the fo rm a tio n of K ennedy's
C abin et w ith o u t a N egro is a
slap in the face to a ll N e ­
groes — a slap fro m both K e n ­
n ed y and Daw son."
T h is is a k e y p o in t in th e c o n ­
tro v e rs y . T h e W ilm in g to n J o u r ­
n a l, Dec.
17, de cla res, “ A n
N A A C P o ffic ia l, w h o d id n ’t w is h
to be id e n tifie d , p o in te d o u t t h a t
b y a c c e p tin g t h e jo b D a w s o n
m ig h t h a v e e s ta b lis h e d a p r e ­
ce d e n t t h a t w o u ld h a v e b e e n
fo llo w e d b y su cce e d in g a d m in ­
is tra tio n s .”
B u t, N e g ro s p o ke sm e n ar e
a s k in g , w h e n D a w s o n re fu s e d ,
w h y d id n ’t K e n n e d y a p p o in t
a n o th e r N e g ro o f w h o m th e r e
(C ontinued on Page 2)
Page Two
THE
... White House Held Guilty That
{C ontinued fro m Page 1)
i t becam e k n o w n to d a y , is th e
b e lie f th a t th e C a s tro a c tio n a n d
th e U n ite d S tates response w i l l
h e lp speed th e is o la tio n o f th e
C a s tro G o v e rn m e n t in L a t in
A m e ric a .
“ T h e e x p e c ta tio n h e re w as
th a t b y F e b ru a r y o r a l i t t l e la te r
th e
circ u m s ta n c e s w o u ld
be
p r o p itio u s f o r a c tio n a g a in s t
C u b a b y a t w o - th ir d s m a jo r it y
o f th e t w e n ty o th e r m e m b e rs o f
th e O rg a n iz a tio n o f A m e ric a n
S tates . . .
“ A n is o la tio n o f C u b a b y th e
O .A .S ., i t w as b e lie v e d , w o u ld
p re v e n t P re m ie r C a stro fr o m a t­
te m p tin g to ‘e x p o r t’ h is r e v o lu ­
tio n in L a t in A m e ric a .”
N o w t u r n to page 6 a n d re a d
t h e h e a d l i n e : “ A n ti- C a s tro
G r o u p Is T e rm e d 'A lm o s t R e a d y ’
to In v a d e C u b a .”
H e re ’s H ew th is ne w s ite m b e ­
g in s : “ A n o ffic ia l o f a p ro m in e n t
a n ti-C a s tro
o rg a n iz a tio n
said
h e re y e s te rd a y t h a t i t w as
‘b u ild in g u p a n d a lm o s t re a d y ’
to m a k e la n d in g s in C u b a fr o m
‘som e p la c e in th e W e s te rn
h e m is p h e r e — d e f in ite ly n o t in
th e U n ite d S tates.’
"T h e statem ent came from ,
Sergio A p aric io , N e w Y o rk
represen tative of th e D e m o ­
cratic
R e v o lu tio n a ry F ro n t,
w ho said, ' I expect to b e in
Cuba beginning in F e b ru a ry .'"
B o a s tin g a b o u t th e ro le o f his
and a n o th e r c o u n te r- re v o lu tio n ­
a ry
org a n iz a tio n
“ in
re c e n t
w id e s p re a d sab otag e in C u b a ,”A p a ric io “ said th e a im w as to
b r in g t h e C a s tro re g im e a lm o s t
to th e p o in t o f eco n o m ic c o l­
lapse, in th e e x p e c ta tio n o f ‘an
in te r n a l r e v o lu tio n t h a t w i l l e x ­
p lo d e fo llo w in g o u r la n d in g .’ ”
T h e C h ris tia n S cience M o n i­
t o r (Jan . 4) b o ils i t in to a s in g le
a rtic le , T h e d ip lo m a tic r u p tu r e
“ i s l ik e ly to set o f f a c h a in r e ­
a c tio n o f b re a k s b y o th e r n a ­
tio n s . . .” T h e p o s s ib ility is
“ s lig h t” th a t K e n n e d y w i l l i n i ­
tia t e c o n c ilia tio n .
“ W h a t c o u ld com e n e x t in
Cuba? E x ile s fr o m th e l i t t l e is ­
la n d h a v e lo n g been e x p e c tin g
a b lo o d y c iv il w a r to s ta rt . . ^
“ T h e a m o u n t o f S o v ie t, Czech,
a n d B e lg ia n a rm a m e n t th e C as­
t r o g o v e rn m e n t has o n h a n d
w o u ld se rve as a d e te rre n t to
c iv il w a r, f o r th e tim e b e in g . . .
" I f an y invasion is due, it
“w o u ld no doubt be led b y a n tiCastro Cubans w ho have been
organizing
fo r
months
in
M exico , th e U n ite d Slates, all
th ro ug h C e n tra l A m eric a and
d o w n in to Ven ezuela."
T h e W a ll S tre e t J o u rn a l (Jan.
5) nods a p p ro v in g ly in a n e d i­
to r ia l:
T h e “ to u g h p o lic y ” a d o p te d
b y W a s h in g to n “ w as d e sig ned
to m a k e th in g s u n c o m fo rta b le
f o r th e C a stro re g im e an d so e n ­
c o u ra g e i n t e r n a l o p p o s itio n .
E v e n m o re im p o r ta n tly , i t w as
d e sig ned to c o n fin e C o m m u n is m
t o C u ba. T h e q u a ra n tin in g o f
C o m m u n is m is th e b ig U.S. i n ­
te re s t; n o t so m u c h w h a t h a p ­
pens t o C u b a as w h a t h a pp en s
to th e H e m is p h e re .”
“ B re a k in g d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
is a lo g ic a l step in th is process,”
th e J o u r n a l notes, “ a n d i t is
e n c o u ra g in g t h a t se v e ra l o th e r
A m e ric a n n a tio n s h a v e done th e
sam e.”
T h a t’s th e lo g ic a ll r ig h t — o r
Calendar
Of Events
D E T R O IT
"C ru c ia l Problem s Facing the
U n io n T o d a y " — Speaker: Cross
M ish eff, m e m b e r N a tio n a l C o m ­
m itte e f o r D e m o c ra tic A c tio n in
th e U A W . F r id a y , Jan. 13, 8 p.m .
D ebs
H a ll,
3737
W oodw ard.
A u s p , F r id a y N ig h t S o c ia lis t
Fo ru m .
*
T W IN C IT IE S
.
"T h e C hanging of the G u a rd —
K ennedy's C ab in et and L ab o r"
— s p e a k e r , P a u l Chelstrom :
S h e e tm e ta l W o rk e rs I n t ’l A ss’h,
A F L -C IO . S a tu rd a y , Jan.. 14,
8:30 p.m . 704 H e n n ep iii A ve.
R o o m 240. A u s p . T w in Cities
L a b o r F o ru m . C o n trib . 50 cents.
B oston L a b o r Forum , 295
ton A ve, Room 200.
H u n tin g ­
C H IC A G O
S ocialist W o rk e rs P a rty . 302 South
C a n a l S t.. Room 2 i0 . W E 9 -5 0 4 4 ,
CLEVELAND
S ocialist W o rk e rs P a rty , 5927 E u c lid
A ve ., Room 2 3 , C leveland 3 , Ohio,
DENVER
M ilita n t L a b o r Fo ru m , 122 7 C a li­
fo rn ia. M A in 3 -09 9 3 . Fo r la b o r and
socialist books,
In te rn a tio n a l Book
Exchange, 1227 1/2 C alifo rn ia. O pen 5:30
p.m. to 6 p.m . M on. th ro u g h F ri.
D E T R O IT
Eugene V . Debs H a ll, 373 7 W o o d ­
w ard. T E m p le I -6135.
LO S A N GE L E S
Forum H a ll and M odern Book Shop,
S ocialist W o rk e rs P a rty , 1 702 E a s t
F o u rth St. A N 9 -49 5 3 o r W E 5 -92 3 8 .
Open 12- noon — 5 p.m . d a ily , S a t. 9
a.m . — 5 p.m .
M ILW AUKEE
150 East juneau Ave.
th e b lu e p r in t in th e C e n tra l I n ­
te llig e n c e A g e n c y . B u t th e p r o p ­
ag anda p itc h is to t h r o w th e
b la m e on C a stro . T h e excuse
was a d e m a n d fro m th e C u b a n
g o v e rn m e n t th a t th e U.S. c u t its
em bassy s ta ff fr o m som e 300 to
th e size o f th e C u b a n em bassy
s ta ff in W a s h in g to n ; th a t is,
eleven.
C a stro c h a rg e d as rea son f o r
th is th a t a b o u t 80 p e r c e n t o f
th e A m e ric a n em bassy s ta ff c o n ­
siste d o f agents o f this F B I and
th e C IA a n d t h a t th e y w e re i n ­
v o lv e d in th e w a v e o f te r r o r is tic
a ctio n s in C uba.
B e fo re th is , on Dec. 31, th e
C u b a n g o v e rn m e n t h a d ch a rg e d
in th e U n ite d N a tio n s t h a t th e
U .S . is
p la n n in g
aggression
a g a in s t C u b a an d t h a t an i n ­
va s io n is “ im m in e n t.” T h is w as
e m b a rra s s in g to th e S ta te D e ­
p a rtm e n t. T h e y d o n ’t lik e p u b ­
lic
e xp osu res o f t h e ir d ir t y
w o rk .
T h e fa c t is t h a t th e tw o
m o ve s o f th e C u b a n g o v e rn m e n t
w e re re s tra in e d in v ie w o f th e
p ro v o c a tio n . F o r som e m o n th s,
c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n is ts o p e ra tin g
fro m bases in F lo rid a , and e lse ­
w h e re , h a v e been w a g in g a
c a m p a ig n o f t e r r o r . T h is has i n ­
c lu d e d sev e ra l la n d in g s o f a r m ­
ed forces.
I n N o v e m b e r th e te r r o r is tic
c a m p a ig n w as ste p p e d u p . E le c ­
tr ic a l s ta tio n s w e re bom bed.
D u r in g D e ce m b e r bo m bs w e re
e x p lo d e d in m a n y places in H a ­
vana.
D u r in g th e C h ris tm a s c e le b ra ­
tio n , bo m bs w e re set o ff in s h o p ­
p in g areas, w o u n d in g c h ild r e n
a m o n g o th e rs.
T h e effect on the C uban ~
people
m ay
be
im ag ined.
T h e ir anger rose to w h ite
heat; not against the Cuban
g overn m en t, b u t against the
m adm en w ho organized the
bombings.
T h e p o p u la r p re ssu re rose fo r
a c tio n a g a in s t th e c rim in a ls . F o r
in sta n ce , a 1 3 -y e a r-o ld b o y ly in g
g ra v e ly w o u n d e d in th e h o s­
p ita l, said, “ P apa, t e ll F id e l to
sh o o t these c rim in a ls .”
C a s tro ’s response w a s to p u t
th e e n tir e is la n d o n th e a le rt,
re fe r th e a la rm in g fa c ts to th e
U n ite d N a tio n s to le t th e e n tire
w o r ld k n o w w h a t w a s a fo o t, and
d e m a n d th a t th e U.S. E m ba ssy
cut its s ta ff d o w n to a size c o m ­
p a ra b le to its o ffic ia l business.
C o u ld he h a ve done less?
... Dawson
(C ontinued fro m
Page 1)
are m a n y m o re q u a lifie d th a n
th e 7 4 -y e a r-o ld D e m o c r a t i c
w a rd -b o s s fr o m C hicago? I n ­
ste a d , K e n n e d y
h a s tily
an­
no u n ce d th e a p p o in tm e n t o f
C a lifo r n ia bu sin essm an , J. E d ­
w a rd D a y. H ic k s poses th is qu es­
tio n p o in t b la n k :
“ So w h y d id K e n n e d y sto p
w h e n D a w s o n tu rn e d th e jo b
do w n ?
“ I ’m s o rry to say I t h in k I
k n o w ,” a n sw e rs H ic k s .
“ K e n n e d y h a d i t w o rk e d o u t
so t h a t D a w s o n c o u ld re fu s e th e
jo b because K e n n e d y w a s n ’t
re a lly re a d y to p u t a N e g ro in
his C a b in e t in th e f ir s t p la ce !
“ P u t th e n u m b e r one b la m e
on D a w s o n ,” says H ic k s , “ f o r a l­
lo w in g h im s e lf to be used.
“ B u t d o n ’t fo rg e t th a t K e n ­
n e d y h a d to be p a rt o f th e deal,
too.
“ A n d th is d e a l.” he con clu des,
“ s tin k s to h ig h H e a v e n .”
T h e recent announcem ent of
the app oin tm en t b y K e n n ed y
of D r. R o b ert C. W ea v e r for
top post in th e F ed era l H ous­
in g A u th o rity is intend ed to
w a rd off m oun ting critic is m of
th e Daw son deal.
“ T h e s e le c tio n o f D r. R o b e rt
C. W e a v e r f o r th e to p h o u s in g
p o st in th e K e n n e d y A d m in is ­
tr a t io n , ” says th e N e w Y o r k
T im e s, “ is e x p e c te d to h e lp q u e ll
som e a d ve rse re a c tio n in th e
N e g ro c o m m u n ity o v e r e a rlie r
D e m o c ra tic C a b in e t m a n e u v e r­
in g .”
J u s t w a it ! T h is is o n ly th e b e ­
g in n in g . T h e m an, h a s n ’t even
ta k e n o ffic e y e t. W h a t has a l­
re a d y been c le a rly e sta b lish e d
h o w e v e r is th a t y o u n g as he is,
th e n e w p re s id e n t is a lre a d y a
m a s te r o f th e a r t o f p o litic a l
tw is tin g .
Socialist W o rk e rs P a rty and Labo r
Book Store, 704 H ennepin A ve.. H a ll
240., F E d era l 2 -77 S I
NEW ARK
N e w a rk
Labor
Fo ru m . Box 361,
N ew ark, N . J.
' N E W Y O R K C IT Y
M ilita n t L a b o r Fo ru m , I I 6 U n iv e rs ity
Place, A L 5 -7 8 5 2 .
O A K LA ND - BERKELEY
P.O. Box 341. B erkeley I, C alif.
Phone O L 5- 1764.
P H IL A D E L P H IA
M ilita n t L a bo r Forum and S ocialist
W o rk e rs P a rty , 1303 W . G ira rd A ve
Lectures and discussions eve ry S a tu rday, 8 P .M ., follow ed b y open house
Call PO 3-5820.
SA N FR A N C IS C O
T h e M ilita n t, 1145 P olk St-., Room 4
Sat. 11 A .M . to 3 P .M . Phone P R 6729.6; if no answ er, V A 4 -2 3 2 1 .
SEATTLE
1412— 18th A venue, E A 5-0,191. L i ­
b r a r y , bookstore. Open 12 noon to 5
p.m . S aturdays:
Monday, January 9, 1961
MILITANT
Kick in the Teeth Is for Brotherly Love
By Tom Kerry
W h e n w i l l th e u n io n le a d e rs
e v e r get it th ro u g h t h e ir th ic k
s k u lls th a t th e c o rp o ra te heads
o f A m e ric a n in d u s tr y h a v e n o t
th e s lig h te s t in te re s t in m e e tin g
w ith th e m to so lve th e p ro b le m s
o f th e w o r k in g people?
T h e fu n c tio n o f th e h ig h p o w e re d a n d h ig h ly p a id c o r­
p o ra te m ag n a te s is to e x tra c t
th e m a x im u m p r o fit fr o m la b o r
o f t h e ir in d u s tr ia l w a g e slaves.
U n less th e y p e rfo r m th a t fu n c ­
tio n w e ll e n ou gh to s a tis fy th e
m a jo r s to c k h o ld e rs th e y are
s u m m a r ily re m o v e d an d r e ­
pla ce d b y som eone else.
T h e fu n c tio n o f th e U n io n is
to engage in s tru g g le w it h c o r­
p o ra te p o w e r f o r a m o re e q u it­
a b le d is tr ib u tio n o f th e n a tio n a l in com e . T h a t is, to get
a b ig g e r c u t o f th e n a tio n a l pie,
th e w e a lth cre a te d b y la b o r and
a p p ro p ria te d b y th e o w n e rs o f
in d u s tr y th ro u g h m a n a g e m e n t
o f w h a te v e r fo rm .
This is the essence of the
c o n s t a n t struggle pursued
w ith g reater or less in te n s ity
depending on concrete c ir­
cumstances, b etw een l a b o r
and m anagem ent.
P u t th e u n io n le ad ers- w it h
th e s o fte s t heads, th e b ig g e s t
b e llie s , th e b ro a d e s t b u tto c k s
an d m o s t s u p p le spines a re c o n ­
s ta n tly on t h e ir knees beseech in g th e h a rd -h e a d e d ty c o o n s to
acce pt th e p h ilo s o p h y o f b r o t h ­
e r ly lo v e as c o d ifie d in th e s lo ­
ga n o f “ la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t” co­
o p e ra tio n . U n le ss i t m eets th e
needs a n d in te re s ts o f business
m a n a g e m e n t a ll th e la b o r skates
g e t f o r t h e ir tro u b le is th e c o r­
p o ra te boot.
T h a t’s ju s t a b o u t w h a t D a v id
J. M c D o n a ld , p re s id e n t o f the.
U n ite d S te e l w o rk e rs , g o t fo r
h is p a in s in h is m os t re c e n t e f­
f o r t to e n lis t th e c o o p e ra tio n o f
th e ste e l b a ro n s to s o lv e th e u n ­
e m p lo y m e n t p ro b le m
o f th e
ste e l w o rk e rs . T h e s te e l w o rk e rs
are in re a l tro u b le . S te e l p r o ­
d u c tio n is d o w n to less th a n 40
p e r c e n t o f c a p a c ity , th e lo w e s t
sin ce th e era o f th e G re a t D e pression.
Slash in Benefits
T h e re a re o v e r 150,000 steel
w o rk e rs t o t a lly u n e m p lo y e d a n d
a p p ro x im a te ly 300,000 on s h o rt
tim e . L a s t w e e k Jones and
L a u g h lin
Steel
C o rp.,
an­
n o un ced it w o u ld c u t it s s u p p le ­
m e n ta l U n e m p lo y m e n t B e n e fits
(S U B ) p a y m e n ts to jo b le ss stee l
w o rk e rs b y 25 p e r cent. M o s t o f
th e o th e r s te e l c o rp o ra tio n s h a d
re d u ce d t h e ir b e n e fit p a y m e n ts
la s t m o n th . T h e o n ly one r e ­
m a in in g t h a t is s t ill p a y in g f u ll
be n e fits is B e th le h e m and th e ir
fu n d is r u n n in g lo w .
Because th e s lu m p in steel
has been so p ro lo n g e d tho usan ds
o f stee l w o rk e rs h a v e co m ­
p le te ly e x h a u s te d t h e ir u n e m ­
p lo y m e n t b e n e fits. I f e v e r an
in d u s tr y w as re a d y f o r a slash
in h o u rs i t is th e s te e l in d u s try .
N e w p la n t, a u to m a tio n a n d m e ­
c h a n iz a tio n h a v e c re a te d p r o d u c tiv e c a p a c ity u n d e r a 40h o u r w e e k f a r in excess o f a ll
“ w o u ld seem to f a ll w it h in th e
n a tu r a l p u r v ie w o f th e H u m a n
R e la tio n s R esearch C o m m itte e
esta b lish e d u n 3 e r o u r p re s e n t
ag re e m e n t.
“ T h e re fo re ,”
he
added,
“I
h a v e been asked b y [th e c h ie f
e x e c u tiv e s o f th e 12 com panies
re p re s e n te d on th e C o o rd in a tin g
C o m m itte e ] to suggest th a t y o u
a n d I, as c o -c h a irm e n o f th a t
c o m m itte e , m e e t . . . f o r a d is ­
cussion o f th e p ro b le m s i n ­
v o lv e d .”
"H o w e v e r," comments the
Jan. 4, W a ll S treet Journal,
"since some in d u stry execu­
tives i n p riv a te alre ad y have
dismissed M r . M cD onald's call
" fo r a to p -le v e l conference as
a 'p u b lic ity stunt,' th e outlook
M cD onald's fa v o rite w eapon
fo r results fro m the M cD o n is a W est ern U n io n g reetin g
ald-C ooper conference is con­
to the steel barons.
sidered dim ."
H e m a y be th e cru d e st, b u t
n o rm a l in d u s tr y re q u ire m e n ts .
T h is has becom e so o b v io u s M c D o n a ld is n o t th e o n ly u n io n
th a t e ve n M c D o n a ld has com e to statesm a n, to p la y th e la b o rm a n a g e m e n t-c o o p e ra tio n
gam ­
see it.
F o r som e tim e n o w , M c D o n a ld b it! L a s t O cto b e r, th e p re s id e n t
has been c a llin g f o r Congress o f th e U n ite d A u to m o b ile W o r k ­
to a d o p t le g is la tion s h o rte n in g ers', W a lte r R e u th e r, sen t le tte rs
th e h o u rs o f w o r k to 32, to m e e t to G e n e ra l M o to rs , F o rd and
th e p ro b le m o f u n e m p lo y m e n t C h ry s le r, p ro p o s in g “ th a t w e
in th e stee l in d u s try . A lth o u g h e s ta b lis h a p e rm a n e n t A u to m o ­
J o h n F . K e n n e d y cam e o u t b ile In d u s tr y J o in t M a n ag ea g a in s t th e s h o rte r w o r k w e e k m e n t-L a b o r C o n fe re n c e /’ , T h is
he w as, n e ve rth e le ss, endorsed C o n fe re n ce is to co n sist “ o f to p b y th e M c D o n a ld m a c h in e a t le v e l, p o lic y - m a k in g e x e c u tiv e s
th e
re c e n t s te e l c o n v e n tio n . fr o m th e a u to m o b ile m a n u fa c ­
S in ce th e n th e p ro b le m o f steel t u r in g c o rp o ra tio n s a n d leaders
u n e m p lo y m e n t has b e c o m e o f t h e U A W a t th e p o lic y -m a k in g le v e l.”
m o re acute.
H ig h -L e v e l S u m m itry
W ires fo r H e lp
W it h th e k n o w le d g e th a t th e
w o rk e rs w i l l g e t l i t t le s u p p o rt
fr o m K e n n e d y f o r th e s h o rte r
w o r k -w e e k d e m a n d a n d none
fr o m C ongress, M c D o n a ld t u r n ­
ed to h is “ fr ie n d s ” in th e stee l
in d u s try . I n s im u lta n e o u s te le ­
gra m s sen t to th e c h ie f e xe cu ­
t iv e o ffic e rs o f th e 1 2 -co rp o ra ­
tio n S te e l C o m p a n ie s C o o rd in a t­
in g C o m m itte e , M c D o n a ld c a lle d
f o r a sp e cia l e m e rg e n c y m e e t­
in g to be h e ld T h u rs d a y , to de a l
w it h th e p ro b le m o f u n e m p lo y ­
m e n t a n d id le s te e l m ills .
' “ I t h in k w e o w e i t to o u r
c o u n t r y as w e ll as o u r in ­
d u s try ,”
said M c D o n a ld , “ to
m a k e a seriou s e ffo rt to d e ve lo p
jo in t p la n s a n d p ro g ra m s im ­
m e d ia te ly to g e t id le s te e lm a k in g fa c ilitie s
and id le steel
w o rk e rs b a c k to w o r k p ro d u c in g
fo r th e w e ll-b e in g o f a ll.”
T h is te le g ra m e x p re s s in g co n ­
c e rn f o r “ o u r” in d u s tr y was
sen t to th e g e n e ra l s ta ff o f th e
steel c o rp o ra tio n s w h o le d th e
assa u lt la s t y e a r a g a in s t th e
ste e l u n io n in th e 116-day s t r ik e .
“ E ar l y in d ic a tio n s ,” c o m m e n te d
th e Jan . 3 W a ll S tre e t J o u rn a l,
“ w e re t h a t th e M c D o n a ld p r o ­
p o sal m ig h t n o t w in re a d y ac­
c ep tance b y th e in d u s try , w ith
som e s te e lm e n v ie w in g h is te le ­
g ra m m a in ly as a ‘p u b lic it y
m o v e .’ ”
I t w as th is v ie w o f th e M c ­
D o n a ld m o v e th a t p ro m p te d R.
C o n ra d C ooper, e x e c u tiv e v ic e
p re s id e n t o f U n ite d S tates S tee l,
to acce pt th e b id f o r a m e e tin g
— w it h one s lig h t a m e n d m e n t.
T h e p ro b le m s ra is e d in th e M c ­
D o n a ld te le g ra m , sa id C ooper,
A c c o rd in g
to
th e
R e u th e r
p la n , th e C o n fe re n c e w as to
m e e t ' a t le a st fo u r tim e s each
ye a r. A n d , “ aside f r o m c o lle c ­
t iv e b a rg a in in g ,” it w as to deal
w it h “ a n y p ro b le m to w a rd th e
s o lu tio n o f w h ic h w e m ig h t
jo in t ly be a b le to m a k e a use­
fu l
c o n trib u tio n .”
T h is
was
re a lly h ig h le v e l s u m m itr y as
be fits a m a n o f R e u th e r’s l i m i t ­
less so cia l v is io n . N eedless to
say, th e response o f th e a u to
b a ro n s w as no d iffe re n t th a n
th a t o f t h e ir c o u n te rp a rts in
steel.
T h e p in n a c le o f la b o r-m a n ­
agem ent
s u m m itr y
w as
ac h ie v e d la s t y e a r w h e n E is e n ­
h o w e r a rra n g e d f o r a to p -le v e l
co n fe re n ce b e tw e e n re p re s e n ta ­
tiv e s o f th e u n io n s an d in d u s try .
T h e d e m a n d f o r such a s u m m it
g a th e rin g , had been re p e a te d ly
m ade b y A F L - C IO p re s id e n t,
G e o rg e M e a n y. T h e m o s t f a v ­
o ra b le c lim a t e o f i t w as cre a te d
b y th e s e ttle m e n t la s t J a n u a ry
o f th e 116-day stee l s trik e .
M e a n y issu e d h is c a ll f o r a
co n fe re n ce a t th e s u m m it u n d e r
th e m o s t au sp icio u s c ir c u m ­
stances. T h e Jan. 9, 1960, issue
o f A F L - C IO N e w s re p o rte d th e
fa v o ra b le c o m m e n t o f C h a m b e r
o f C o m m e rce p re s id e n t, E r w in
D. C a nh am , “ w h o d e c la re d his
m a n a g e m e n t g ro u p w o u ld
g la d ly co o p e ra te .” A lso , th a t o f
e x e c u tiv e v ic e p re s id e n t o f th e
N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n o f M a n u ­
fa c tu re rs , C h a rle s R. S lig h , Jr.,
w h o p ra is e d M e a n y as “ an a d ­
vo ca te o f peace a n d g o o d w ill.”
A lo n g w it h th e m a u d lin sen­
tim e n ts o f “ peace a n d g o o d w ill”
... “Brink of War” Policy in Laos
( C ontinued fro m Page 1)
p a r titio n e d a t th e s e ve n te e n th
p a r a lle l in to N o r th and S o u th
V ie t N a m . T h e fo rm e r is in th e
S o v ie t-C h in e s e o r b it a n d th e
la tt e r in th e W e s te rn bloc.
R e pre sented
at
th e
1954
G en eva co n fe re n ce w e re : th e
U n ite d S tates, G re a t B r ita in ,
F rance , th e S o v ie t U n io n , th e
P e o p le ’s R e p u b lic
o f C h in a ,
N o r th V ie t N a m , S o u th V ie t
N a m , C a m b o d ia a n d Laos. T o
su p e rvise
im p le m e n ta tio n
of
te rm s o f th e G e n e va ag re e m e n t,
an In te r n a tio n a l C o n tro l C o m ­
m is s io n w a s set u p in each of
th e th re e states, com posed o f
re p re s e n ta tiv e s o f Canada, In d ia
and P o la n d .
The
c o -c h a irm e n
of
th e
G e n e va co n fe re n ce w e re th e f o r ­
e ig n m in is te rs o f B r it a in and th e
S o v ie t U n io n . T h e S o v ie t U n io n
a n d C h in a are p re s s in g f o r r e ­
a c tiv a tio n o f th e La os c o m m is ­
sion. T h e B r it is h say th e y are
w illin g to do so i f th e U .S. p u p ­
p e t g o v e rn m e n t in Laos agrees.
A t th is p o in t, u n d e r th e p r o m p t in g o f W a s h in g to n , i t does n o t
agree.
“ T h e ta sk o f th e co m m is s io n ,”
says L ip p m a n n in h is Dec. 29,
N e w Y o r k H e ra ld T rib u n e c o l­
u m n , “ w o u ld be to m e d ia te an
en d to th e c iv il w a r, a n d to p r o ­
m o te th e fo rm a tio n , as th e o r ig ­
in a l s e ttle m e n t p re scrib e s, o f a
n e u tr a lis t g o v e rn m e n t in La o s.”
“ T h e id e a l a rra n g e m e n t f o r
L a o s,” says th e N e w Y o r k T im e s
in an e d ito r ia l, Jan . 2, “ w as th e
n e u tra lis t, c o a litio n G o v e rn m e n t
b ro u g h t a b o u t b y th e In te r n a ­
tio n a l and J o in t C o m m issio n s
w h ic h g o t to w o r k a fte r th e
F re n c h w e re d riv e n fr o m In d o ­
c h in a in 1954.”
B e fo re th e end o f 1957, says
th e T im e s ’ e d ito ria l, “ La os w as
a n e u tra l, b u ffe r state u n d e r
P rin c e S o u va n n a P h o u m a . I n ­
te r n a l coups u p se t th is ba la nce
a n d le d to th e p re s e n t d a n g e r­
ous in te r n a tio n a l c o n flic t.” I t
w a s r e a lly n o t t h a t s im p le !
T h e “ p re s e n t d a n g e ro u s in t e r ­
n a tio n a l
c o n flic t"
d e ve lo p e d
w h e n W a s h in g to n p u p p e t G en.
P h o u m i N o so va n rig g e d an e lec­
tio n la s t A p r i l w h ic h ou sted th e
“ n e u tr a lis t” P rin c e P h o u m a g o v ­
e rn m e n t and in s ta lle d a “ p ro W e s te rn ” re g im e . G e n e ra l N o s­
ova n, says th e H o n g K o n g c o r­
re s p o n d e n t f o r th e C h ris tia n
Science M o n ito r, D ec. 21, “ was
th e p r im e m o v e r in r ig g in g la s t
A p r i l ’s g e n e ra l e le c tio n s w h ic h
m o re th a n a n y th in g else p r e ­
c ip ita te d th e V e n tia n e m ilit a r y
coup, in A u g u s t.”
T h e A u g . 9 m ilit a r y coupe w a s
le d b y p a ra tro o p C a p ta in K o n g
Le,
p re v io u s ly
u n k n o w n . in
L a o tia n p o litic s , w h o re in s ta lle d
“ n e u tr a lis t”
P rin c e
S o u va n n a
P h o u m a as p re rn ie r. P h o u m a set
u p a c o a litio n g o v e rn m e n t and
in v ite d th e p a r tic ip a tio n o f G en.
N o sova n. T h e “ p ro W estern.”
g e n e ra l fir s t ag ree d th e n ch a n g ­
ed h is m in d and set u p headq u a rte rs in s o u th e rn La os w h e re
he began p re p a ra tio n s f o r a m il­
it a r y a ssa u lt on th e P h o u m a
g o v e rn m e n t.
“ T h e U n ite d S tates c o n tin u e d
to g iv e e co n o m ic and m ilit a r y
a id to L a o s,” says th e Jan. 2 N .Y .
T im e s, b u t — “ U n d e r an ag re e ­
m e n t w it h th e n e u tr a lis t Prem ier, th e a id w e n t n o t o n ly to
th e G o v e rn m e n t forces, b u t also
to those lo y a l to G e n e ra l P h o u m i
N o so va n .”
In th e p e rio d f o llo w in g th e
A u g u s t cou p th e re w as te m p o r­
a ry c o n fu s io n a m o n g th e A m e r i­
can p o lic y m a k e rs as to w h a t
course to fo llo w . T h e H o n g
K o n g c o rre s p o n d e n t f o r th e N a ­
tio n a l B ro a d c a s tin g C o m p a n y in
a N e w Y e a r’s ro u n d ta b le te le ­
v is io n d iscussio n, sum m e d it up
as fo llo w s : •
W h ile the A m erican State
D e p a rtm e n t was inclin ed to
support the "n eu tra lists " in
lin e w ith the G eneva agree­
m ent, th e cloak-and-dagger
boys of C e n tral In telligence
A gen cy organized and arm ed
th e
counter - re v o lu tio n a ry
rightists fo r th e im pending
coup and th e Pentagon tra in e d
b oth "n eu tralists" and " rig h t­
ists" w ith O ly m p ia n im p a rti­
a lity .
T h is p e rio d o f u n c e rta in ty d id
n o t la s t v e ry lo n g . T h e C IA u n ­
d e r c o ld -w a r p r a c titio n e r A lle n
D u lle s w o n ou t. “ In w a y s w h ic h
h a ve n e v e r been a d e q u a te ly re ­
p o rte d
o r e x p la in e d to th e
A m e ric a n
p e o p le ,”
L ip p m a n n
co m p la in s, “ th e A d m in is tr a tio n
has in v o lv e d its e lf d e e p ly in th e
in te r n a l a ffa irs o f L a o s.”
T h e o p e ra tio n s o f th e C IA are
to p secret and are n o t s u b je c t to
s u p e rv is io n , re v ie w o r c o n tro l
b y th e p e o p le o r its e le cte d re p ­
re s e n ta tiv e s . N o t in L a o s a n y
m o re th a n in G u a te m a la in 1954
o r in C u ba to d a y . T h a t, in case
L ip p m a n n doesn’t k n o w it, is
th e q u in te ssen ce o f A m e ric a n
d e m o cra cy to d a y .
T h e U n ite d S tates has p o u re d
$300 m illio n in to Laos in a p e ­
rio d o f s ix yea rs. A s u b s ta n tia l
p a r t o f i t has gone to fe a th e r
th e nests o f a c o r ru p t gang o f
r ig h t is t th u g s and c o u n te r-re v ­
o lu tio n a r y
c u tth ro a ts le d b y
G en. P h o u m i. “ W ith G e n e ra l
P h o u m i a t th e h e lm ,” says th e
H o n g K o n g c o rre s p o n d e n t o f th e
C h ris tia n S c i e n c e
M o n ito r,
“ P rin c e B o u n O u m , th e n e w
p re m ie r, is li t t l e m o re th a n a
fig u re h e a d .”
“ A lm o s t in e v ita b ly , to o ,” he
adds, “ th e P h o u m i a d m in is tra ­
tio n w i l l b r in g b a c k in to th e
g o v e rn m e n t some o f th e le a d in g
fig u re s id e n tifie d even b y th e
e a sy-g o in g L o a tia ns w it h th e
fla g ra n t m isu se o f A m e ric a n a id
fu n d s in re c e n t y e a rs .”
L ik e th e mass s u rre n d e r o f
C h ia n g K a i-s h e k ’s tro o p s
in
1949, re p o rts are c o m in g th ro u g h
fro m Laos o f th e s u rre n d e r in
mass o f e n tire c ity g a rriso n s. I t
is th is d e v e lo p m e n t, m o re th a n
a n y th in g else th a t has le d to th e
d e m a n d fro m th e C IA -p u p p e ts
f o r d e p e n d a b le tro o p s, p r e fe r ­
a b ly fr o m places o th e r th a n
Laos. T o a v o id a n o th e r K o re a —
o r w o rse — th e A m e ric a n peo->
p ie s h o u ld m a k e k n o w n t h e jr
p ro te s ts n o w a g a in s t U .S . m i l i t ­
a r y in te r v e n tio n in Laos.
f r o m th e le a d e rs o f business
m e n 's asso cia tions w e re q u o te d
th e ra p tu ro u s e xp re ssio n s o f a p ­
p ro v a l b y v a rio u s la b o r sta te s­
m en. W ith th e b le ssin g o f E is e n ­
h o w e r th e f ir s t m e e tin g w as a r­
ra n g e d f o r M a y 19 in W a s h in g ­
to n . T h e A F L - C IO w as to d e s ig ­
n a te th re e re p re s e n ta tiv e s and
th re e w e re to be n a m e d b y th e
N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n o f M a n u ­
fa c tu re rs .
F o r th e A F L - C IO th e re w e re :
G eorge M e a n y , W a lte r R e u th e r
and G eo rg e M . H a rris o n , p re s i­
d e n t o f th e B ro th e rh o o d o f
R a ilw a y C le rk s . T o re p re s e n t
m a n a g e m e n t th e N A M na m e d :
W illia m
J. G re d e o f R acine,
W is., head o f J. I. Case & Co.,
L . A . P e te rse n o f Y o n k e rs , N .Y .,
p re s id e n t o f O tis E le v a to r a n d
R o b e rt W . S to d d a rd o f W o r ­
cester, Mass., p re s id e n t o f W y m a n -G o rd o n .
A ls o
a tte n d in g
was N A M p re s id e n t R u d o lp h
M. B a n n o w , head o f th e n o n ­
u n io n B r id g e p o rt M a ch in e s, In c .
T h e union heads w ere flab ­
bergasted ! T h e N e w Y o rk
Tim es of M a y 5 reports: 'T h e
choices w ere greeted w ith
dism ay b y union spokesmen
w ho had hoped th a t the em p lo ye r delegates w ou ld be
ch ief executives of such e n te r­
prises as U n ite d States Steel
C o rp o ratio n and G e n e r a l
M otors."
N o t o n ly w e re th e i n d u s try
re p re s e n ta tiv e s d is tin c t ly s m a ll
po tatoes in th e w o r ld o f B ig
B usiness b u t in a d d itio n to th e
n o n u n io n B a n n o w th e re w as
G re d e o f J. I. Case, a co m p a n y
w h ic h w as o n s tr ik e a g a in s t th e
U A W in R a cin e and h a d sm ash­
ed a U A W s tr ik e in B e tte n d o rf,
Io w a .
The
la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t
to p
s u m m it co n fe re n ce m e t f o r a
b r ie f — v e ry b r i e f — session
an d a d jo u rn e d w ith o u t even
g e ttin g to th e p o in t o f discuss­
R e u th er never forgets th at bosses lik e to deal w ith a union
leader w ho shows h ow interested he is in keep ing up profits.
ing an agenda. I t re c o n v e n e d
ag a in th e la tte r p a r t o f J u ly
an d n o b o d y seems to k n o w — o r
care — w h a t ha pp en ed. O ne
u n io n n e w sp a p e r, th e M E S A
E d u c a to r, s p e a k in g f o r th e A F L C IO M e ch a n ics E d u c a tio n a l So­
c ie ty o f A m e ric a , ha d th e f o l ­
lo w in g co g e n t re m a rk s to m a k e
in its J u ne 1960 issue:
"T h e su m m it m eeting was
held last m onth and in te r ­
view s fo llo w in g the m eeting
accented th e obvious — the
m eeting was 'frie n d ly ' and
'am ia b le,' etc. N o th in g of a
controversial n atu re was p e r­
m itte d on the agenda. O n ly
cozy 'e x p lo ra to ry ' talks."
T h e p a p e r th e n con clu des:
“ H o w f a r can th is a s in in e ‘la b o r
s ta te s m a n s h ip ’ go? H e re is a
s itu a tio n in w h ic h th e head o f
a u n io n , s u p p o s e d ly re p re s e n t­
in g th e in te re s ts o f th o u sa n d s o f
w o rk e rs fo rc e d o u t o n s trik e ,
sits across th e ta b le fr o m th e
p re s id e n t o f th e s tru c k c o m p a n y
a n d agrees n o t to discuss a n y
‘c o n tro v e rs ia l,’ issues. A s s u re d ly
som e segm ents o f la b o r ’s le a d e r­
s h ip h a ve s tr u c k a ne w lo w
w h e n th e y w i l l e a g e rly a tte n d
such fa n ta s tic a ffa irs . I n o u r
o p in io n ,
such
‘s ta te s m a n s h ip ’
rates no h ig h e r th a n th e b e a rd
on a s h o rt g o a t.”
I t w o u ld be h a r d to sum u p
m o re s u c c in c tly th e e x p e rie n c e
o f la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t s u m m itr y
in th is c o u n try . T h e re a re tw o
a lte rn a tiv e s fa c in g th e A m e r ­
ic a n w o rk e r: E ith e r th e f u t ile ,
w o rth le s s , g o o d - f o r - n o th in g ,
la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t s u m m it c o n ­
feren ces b e tw e e n th e top s o r a
m e a n in g fu l
m o b iliz a tio n
fo r
m ilit a n t a c tio n o f th e u n io n
r a n k a n d file f o r a s tru g g le to
g a in f o r th e w o r k in g p e o p le
some
m e a su re
of
s e c u rity
th ro u g h a s lid in g scale o f w ages
a n d h o u rs in e v e ry u n io n c o n ­
tra c t.
Belgian Strikes Help Congo
(C ontinued fro m
Page 1 )
f o r an in v e s tm e n t o f $1.6 b illio n .
T h e C ongolese w o u ld n o w lik e
to te rm in a te th is k in d o f an e x ­
change.
So E y s k e n s
d e c la re d
th a t
“ som eone” h a d to p a y f o r th is
g rie v o u s loss. W h o m u s t pay?
T h e B e lg ia n w o r k in g class, o f
course.
E ysken s, w h o is re p u te d to
be an e x p e r t on s ta tis tic s , th in k s
i t is e m in e n tly f a ir to squeeze
e x tra p ro fits f r o m th e w o rk e rs
so t h a t th e b u d g e t can a g a in
be n e a tly ba la nced . T h e w o r k ­
ers, h o w e v e r, do n o t use th e
sam e c a lc u la tin g m a c h in e as
E ysken s.
T h e B e lg ia n im p e ria lis ts hope
to im p o v e ris h th e w o r k in g class
to com p en sate f o r t h e ir loss o f
re v e n u e in th e fo rm e r colonies.
T h e y w o u ld be pleased i f th e
w o r k in g masses accepted th is
p a u p e riz a tio n w ith o u t p ro te s t.
B u t th e c a p ita lis ts k n o w f u l l
w e ll th a t th e w o rk e rs w i l l n o t
s u b m it
T u rn to Force
T h e c a p ita lis ts th e re fo re h a v e
d e cid e d to fo rc e th ro u g h th is
ou tra g e o u s “ a u s te r ity ” p ro g ra m .
T h e y in te n d to sm ash th e So­
c ia lis t p a r ty a n d th e u n io n s i f
th a t becom es necessary. T h e
E y s k e n s ’ re g im e is u s in g s t r ik e ­
b re a k in g ta c tic s ; i t is p itt in g
re lig io u s a n d la n g u a g e g ro u p s
a g a in s t each o th e r — C a th o lic
u n io n s a g a in s t th e m a in b o d y o f
S o c ia lis t-le d u n io n s, th e N o r th ­
e rn
F le m is h
p e o p le
a g a in st
those in th e so u th wh o speak
F re n c h ; i t p u t th e a rm y in to ac­
tio n a n d se n t th e m o u n te d p o ­
lic e w it h d ra w n sabers a g a in st
th e d e m o n s tra to rs ; i t m o b iliz e d
scabs; i t d isp e rse d p a rlia m e n t
fo r th e “ e m e rg e n c y ” ; i t t h r e a t­
ened to fire g o v e rn m e n t w o r k ­
ers w h o jo in e d th e s trik e ; it
re d -b a ite d a b o u t “ in fla m m a ­
to r y , ”
“ c o m m u n is t” e le m e n ts;
and, fin a lly , i t ru sh e d h o m e the
n e w ly w e d m o n a rc h is t c o u p le to
s a n c tio n c ru s h in g th e g e n e ra l
s tr ik e a n d r o u tin g th e w o rk e rs ’
p a rtie s an d u n io n s.
B e lg ia n c a p ita lis ts a im to in ­
f lic t such a d e m o ra liz in g and
c r ip p lin g b lo w on th e w o r k in g
class th a t th e y w i l l th e n be
a b le to re o rg a n iz e th e c o u n try
to re c a p tu re an d su b d u e th e
C ongo — w it h U.S. aid. T h e ir
a im is to sha re th e C ongo lo o t
as a ju n io r p a rtn e r o f th e W a ll
S tre e t im p e ria lis ts
B u t b y t h e ir strik e demon-
strations the B elg ian w orkers
have struck a p o w e rfu l blow
on the side of the Congolese
struggle fo r freedom , fo r th ey
have w eakened the base of
im p e ria lis t pow er in the home
country. T h e w o rke rs' cause
is also the cause of the C on­
golese, since th ey face the
same corporations.
B u t w i l l th e B e lg ia n w o r k in g
class p ro ve , a b le to w in a v ic ­
t o r y in its c u r r e n t stru g g le ?
W ill th e w o rk e rs cre a te a so­
c ia lis t B e lg iu m ? M ost of th e in ­
d u s tria l w o r k in g class in B e l­
g iu m b e lo n g to th e S o c ia lis t
p a r ty an d u n io n s le d b y o ffic ia ls
s im ila r to th e B r it is h L a b o r
p a rty . These le ad ers in th e past
h a v e s o u g h t f o r a c o a litio n w it h
th e S o cia l C h ris tia n p a r ty — w ith
E ysken s. T h e C a th o lic s re fu s e d
an d in s te a d jo in e d fo rce s w it h
th e in d u s tria lis ts o f th e L ib e r a l
p a rty .
T h e S o c ia lis t p a r ty le ad ers
h a v e a lw a y s fo llo w e d a class­
c o lla b o ra tio n is t p o lic y . D e s p ite
th is , th e c ris is o f B e lg ia n im ­
p e ria lis m s h a rp e n e d th e class
c o n flic t a t hom e. T h e w o rk e rs
m o v e d q u ic k ly a n d in p o w e r fu l
u n is o n to d e fe n d the m se lve s.
A n d in so d o in g th e y q u ic k ly
e x p lo d e d th e m y th o f “ p ro s ­
p e r it y ” a n d th e ly in g p ic tu r e o f
a sod de n a n d p lia b le w o r k in g
class re a d y to a cce p t c a p ita lis m
w ith o u t a m u rm u r. T h e S o c ia l­
is t p a r ty le ad ers w e re c o m p e lle d
to s ta n d a t th e head o f th e s tr ik e
m o v e m e n t.
T h e signs a re cle a r. T h e ris -
in g
r e v o lu tio n a r y
m ovem ent
a m o n g th e c o lo n ia l n a tio n s is
c re a tin g crises w it h in th e in d u s ­
t r ia l ly a d v a n c e d im p e r ia lis t
c o u n trie s . T h e w o rk e rs in these
c o u n trie s m a y h a v e s le p t lo n g
du e to concessions m a d e pos­
s ib le b y s u p e r p ro fits fr o m th e
colonies, b u t t h e y a re in c re a s ­
in g ly re a d y to fig h t w h e n t h e ir
liv in g s ta n d a rd s a re a tta c k e d .
T w o p o w e r fu l r e v o lu tio n a r y
fo rce s are th u s b ro u g h t in to a c­
tio n — b o th a g a in s t th e sam e
e n e m y — tw o forces; e s s e n tia l
to each o th e r an d in v in c ib le
w h e n m e rg e d . I n th e fin a l r e c k ­
o n in g , th e w o r ld v ic t o r y o f so­
c ia lis m re q u ire s th e d e c is iv e ac­
tio n o f th e w o r k in g class in th e
m a in ce n te rs o f a d va n ce d c a p i­
ta lis m .
S ig ns o f re su rg e n ce in w o r k ­
in g -c la s s m ilit a n c y in th e a d ­
va n ce d c o u n trie s h a v e a p p e a re d
in J a p a n a n d n o w W e s te rn
E u ro p e . W ill th e U n ite d S tates
be n e x t? T h e n e w A m e ric a n
p re s id e n t, J o h n K e n n e d y , w h o
has a lre a d y in d ic a te d h is le a n ­
i n g to w a rd “ a u s te r ity ” f o r th e
w o rk e rs , s h o u ld ta k e a good
lo o k a t w h a t is h a p p e n in g in
B e lg iu m .
W h e n th e r e v o lu tio n a r y a d ­
va n ce in C uba, w it h its re v e r­
b e ra tio n s
th ro u g h o u t L a t i n
A m e ric a , fin d s its e c h o in g im ­
p a c t on th e class s tru g g le in th e
U.S., th e m y th o f A m e ric a n
“ p e o p le ’s c a p ita lis m ” w i l l go
th e sam e w a y as th e f a ir y ta le
a b o u t th e c o n te n t ed B e lg ia n
w o rk e rs .
Just Published
THE TRUTH
ABOUT CUBA
By Joseph Hansen
“ T h e C u b a n r e v o lu tio n is a n e v e n t of m a jo r significance
in N o r th as w e ll as S o u th A m e ric a . . . T h e ris e in fe a r a m o n g
th e r e a c tio n a r y p r o p e r ty - h o ld in g classes is re g is te re d in th e
p re o c c u p a tio n o f th e c a p ita lis t press an d th e S ta te D e p a rtm e n t
o v e r th e ‘m en ace’ t h a t has a p p e a re d o n th e t in y is la n d in th e
C a rib b e a n . I n c o n tra s t, th e ris e in ho pe a m o n g th e w o rk e rs a n d
peasants th r o u g h o u t L a t in A m e ric a is v is ib le in c o n s ta n t tra d e u n io n re s o lu tio n s a n d p o p u la r d e m o n s tra tio n s in s u p p o rt of
C u b a .” Jo se p h H a nse n, e d ito r o f th e M ilit a n t , te lls th e s to r y
o f th a t r e v o lu tio n in th is in fo r m a tiv e n e w p a m p h le t p re v io u s ly
s e ria liz e d in th e M ilit a n t . 25 cen ts p e r cop y.
PIONEER PUBLISHERS
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w it h a ll o rd e rs.
T h e M ilita n t
116 U n iv e rs ity Place
N e w Y o r k 3, N .Y .
116 University Place, New York 3. N.Y.
Yes, Count Me In
T h e M ilita n t
116 U n iv e rs ity P I.
N e w Y o r k 3. N . Y .
Yes, I ’d lik e to m a k e s u re I g e t th e M ilit a n t e v e ry w e e k .
C o u n t m e in f o r a y e a r’s s u b s c rip tio n . A m e n c lo s in g $3.
N a m e .....................................................................................................................
S tre e t
C i t y .......................................................................................Z o n e .................
S tate .
Monday, January 9, 1961
S u b sc rip tio n : $3 a y e a r; Canadian, $ 3 .5 0 ; fo re ig n , $4.50.
E d it o r ; J O S E P H
HANSEN
the
THE
MILITANT
M a n a g in g E d it o r : D A N I E L R O B E R T S
P u b lis h e d w e e k ly , e x c e p t fro m J u ly 11 t o S e p t. 5 w h e n
1 1 6 U n iv e r s it y P I., N e w Y o r k 3 , N . Y . P h o n e C H 3 - 2 1 4 0 .
p u b lis h e d
Second c la s s p o s ta g e p a id
a t N ew Y o rk , N . Y .
B u sin ess M a n a g e r ; K A R O L Y N
b iw e e k ly ,
by
th e
M ilit a n t
KERRY
P u b lis h in g
A s s n .,
Signed a rtic le s by c o n trib u to rs do not necessarily represent the M ilita n t's policies. These a re expressed In e d ito ria ls
Monday. January 9, 1961
Vol. X X V — No. 2
Guantanamo Is a Time Bomb
The E isenhow e r a d m in is tra tio n , a fte r
b re a k in g off d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s w ith
Cuba, has called upon a ll A m e ric a n citizens
to leave th a t isla n d — th a t is, a ll b u t the
10,000 U n ite d States soldiers, sailors,
m arines, th e ir fa m ilie s and dependents,
w h o n ow in h a b it th e G uantanam o n a v a l
base.
T h a t w e keep, says the C om m ander-inC h ie f w ith tru e Yankee s p irit! W e have
an u nbreakab le lease d a tin g fro m th e ye a r
1903 and in te n d to hang on to it, says the
S ta te D epa rtm e nt. The lam e d u c k R e p u b li­
cans are jo in e d b y a u th o rita tiv e spokesmen
fo r the D em ocrats in bellicose declarations
th a t “ w e ” stay in G uantanam o u n t il h e ll
freezes over. I f necessary, says A rkansas
D em ocrat F u lb rig h t, c h a irm a n o f th e
p o w e rfu l Senate F o re ig n R elations Com­
m itte e , “ the U.S. should be prepared to de­
fe n d G uantanam o.” B y w h a t means?
“ W e should use w h a te v e r means are
necessary,” says th e sw a shb ucklin g Sen­
a to r fro m D ix ie la n d , “ w e are th e re b y
tre a ty rig h ts .”
These “ tre a ty re la tio n s,” says Eisen­
how er, “ u n d e r w h ic h w e m a in ta in the
n a v a l station, [a t G uantan am o] m a y n o t be
abrogated w ith o u t th e consent o f th e U .S.”
W h y are the spokesmen fo r th e A m e r­
ican im p e ria lis t ru lin g class so in siste n t
th a t the U n ite d States re ta in possession of
G uantanam o? Is i t because the base is
essential fo r th e m ilita r y defense o f th is
co un try? N o t b y any s tre tc h o f th e im a g in ­
ation. A t least no such c la im has been
advanced. O n th e c o n tra ry , a “ h is to ric a l”
a rtic le on G uantanam o in the Jan. 4, N ew
Y o rk Tim es, po ints out:
“ The base, w h ic h includes an exce lle n t
deep w a te r ha rb or, had stra teg ic im p o r­
tance e a rly in th is c e n tu ry as a gua rd ia n
of the W in d w a rd Passage, one o f th e ap­
proaches to the Panam a C anal.” T h a t was
before th e subm arine, the dive-bom ber, the
ro cke t m issile and the H -bom b. In the w ars
o f today w h e n isla n d strongholds are le ft
to “ w ith e r on the v in e ” w h a t good is
Guantanam o?
“ In recent years,” says the Tim es, “ the
G uantanam o base has become va lu ab le
ch ie fly as a tra in in g and r e fittin g area fo r
th e A tla n tic F le e t.” C e rta in ly i t s use fo r
th a t purpose cannot e ith e r e x p la in o r
ju s t if y the w a rlik e b e llig e re n c y w ith
w h ic h W ashington and the Pentagon in sist
th a t G uantanam o s h a ll re m a in in U.S.
hands.
Is i t perhaps th e expression o f r ig h t­
eous d e te rm in a tio n b y a leaseholder whose
rig h t to occupy th e prem ises in p e rp e tu ity
was acquired b y v o lu n ta ry consent and
cem ented b y su b sta n tia l m o n e ta ry rew ard?
N o th in g o f th e sort. To begin w ith , the
Castro gove rn m e n t does not w a n t th e U.S.
in G uantanam o, has n ever agreed th a t i t
sh a ll re m a in there, n o r has i t accepted the
m u n ific e n t re n ta l offered, in p a ym e n t b y
th e U n ite d States.
Consider: “ The U n ite d States” pos­
session of the 28,000-acre base,” says the
Tim es, “ whose area is about o n e -th ird
la rg e r th a n M a n h a tta n Isla n d — is guar­
anteed b y a tre a ty w ith th e C uban Re­
p u b lic signed in 1903 and renew ed in 1984.”
In 1903 Cuba was p ro stra te w ith an
A m e ric a n bayonet at its th ro a t and in 1934
th e b loody B atista, d u rin g his firs t te rm as
d ic ta to r, “ re n e w e d ” th e tre a ty .
F o r th is la rg e te rr ito ry , says the
Tim es, “ th e o rig in a l tre a ty set an annual
re n ta l o f $2,000 in gold.” A t present rates
the re n ta l am ounts to some $282.19 per
m onth.
The o n ly com parable b a rg a in w as
w hen th e D u tch , w h o w ere no mean
Yankee tra d e rs them selves, bough t th e
Isla n d of M a n h a tta n fro m th e In d ia n s fo r
“ m erchandise” valued a t 60 g u ild e rs.”
No, even E isenhow er can scarcely con­
te n d th a t th e Yankees have n o t already got
m ore, m u ch m ore, th a n th e y paid fo r. W h y
then th e insistence upon keeping 10,000
A m ericans in G uantanam o a fte r c a llin g
upon a ll others to leave? W e th in k a good
p a rt o f the answ er was g iven in an edi­
to r ia l appearing in the Jan. 5 issue of the
N ew Y o rk D a ily N ew s. T h is y e llo w sheet
sp ills its e d ito ria l guts w heneve r i t touches
a n y th in g o r anybody even re m o te ly id e n ­
tifie d w ith w h a t i t calls “ com m unism .”
“ T he m a in th in g ,” says th e D a ily
News, “ is to ho ld onto t h e G uantanam o
na va l base, come w h a t m ay.” B ra n ch in g
ou t fro m there, the U. S. should p u t th e
squeeze “ on a ll L a tin -A m e ric a n nations to
b reak w ith Castro, as s ix have a lre a d y
done.” Once th a t has been accom plished:
“ T h is p a rtia l q u a ra n tin e could be fo l­
low ed b y a U.S. n a va l blockade against
arm s shipm ents to Cuba i f th e d ip lo m a tic
b o yco tt d id n ’t topple th is C om m unist soon
enough.”
A fte r th a t, or along w ith i t “ o u r” gov­
e rn m e n t should encourage “ th e exodus of
Cubans to the U n ite d States” w h e re th e y
can be tra in e d in C e n tra l In te llig e n c e
A gency camps fo r an invasion force to land
in Cuba, p ro b a b ly a t G uantanam o! A t
least the Cuban g o vernm en t claim s to
have evidence th a t s u c h forces have
alre a d y been landed a t the n a va l base and
a w a it b u t th e signal to p u t operation
c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n in to m otion.
T h a t is the re a l purpose and th e o n ly
purpose th a t G uantanam o can serve u n d e r
present conditions o f m ilita r y w a rfa re . I t is
a tim e bom b tic k in g aw ay inside Cuba.
The force th a t insists on keeping th e bom b
there is the w o rs t enem y o f freedom and
dem ocracy in the w o rld — Yankee im pe ria lism . I t is also th e force th a t m ay
trig g e r atom ic w a r.
I f anyone should be q u a ra n tin e d i t is
th e w a rm o n g e rin g cabal in W ashington
and W a ll Street. W e can be g in b y dem and­
in g th a t th e U n ite d States g e t o u t o f
G uantanam o, re tu rn those 28,000 acres to
th e Cubans to raise crops to feed th e ir
people and restore peaceful and fr ie n d ly
re la tio n s w ith th e re v o lu tio n a ry govern­
m e n t o f th a t heroic isla n d re p u b lic.
The Sinister C IA
I t js tim e to s trip fro m th e C e n tra l
In te llig e n c e A gen cy th e p ro te c tiv e m a n tle
o f secrecy w h ic h screens fro m p u b lic v ie w
th e w a r-in c itin g operations o f th is m ost
s in is te r agency o f provocation.
The C IA is a p ro d u c t o f th e cold w a r.
Its head, A lle n D ulles, a b ro th e r of the
la te cold-W ar p ra c titio n e r Foster D ulles,
w as appoin ted b y E isenhow e r and re c e n tly
reappoin ted b y John F. K en ne d y. Its b u d ­
get is secret. N obody kno w s h ow m u ch is
expended b y the cloak-and-dagger agents
of the C IA , n o r in w h a t w ay. T here is no
p u b lic accounting of its fun ds n o r any
p u b lic re p o rt of its a c tiv itie s . B u t the
o b je c tiv e re sults of some of its w o rk are
b e g in n in g to a la rm even arde nt supporters
o f the cold w ar.
F ro m Laos in Southeast A sia to Cuba
in th e Caribbean, th e C IA has been busy
org a n izin g and fo m e n tin g coun ter re v o lu ­
tio n a ry a c tiv itie s w h ic h have brough t th is
c o u n try to th e b r in k of w ar.
On the D em ocratic side, th e N ew Y o rk
Post com plains e d ito ria lly th a t here w e
are on the verge o f going to w a r over Laos,
“ Y e t ra re ly have w e k n o w n so little , or
had such poor access to the tru th , in a
tim e o f m om entous decision.”
A forem ost R epublican newspaper, the
N e w Y o rk H e ra ld T rib u n e , a lth o u g h i t does
n o t nam e the C IA , raises its e d ito ria l voice
in o b je ctio n against “ the cloud o f ru m o r
and ignorance obscuring th e re a l n a tu re
of events in Lads.”
The Post, w h ic h is p ro -K e nn e d y, a t­
trib u te s the w a rm o n g e rin g b e llig e re n c y in
Laos to th e E isenhow er a d m in is tra tio n
“ p resu m a bly actin g on the basis o f C e n tra l
In te llig e n c e A g en cy re p o rts.” “ A b o u t a
y e a r ago,” says the Post, “ Sen. M an sfield
(D -M o n t.) p u b lic ly d ecried th e chaos of
A m e ric a n p o lic y i n Laos. He asked w h e th ­
e r o u r actions th e re w ere b e in g d ic ta te d
b y th e State D ept., th e Pentagon o r the
C IA .”
I t seems clear to d a y th a t th e C IA has
been c a llin g th e tu n e — n o t o n ly in Laos
b u t in Cuba.
C uban F o re ig n M in is te r R a u l Roa sub­
m itte d a le n g th y docum ent to th e U n ite d
N ations S e c u rity C o u n cil accusing th e
Eisenhow er a d m in is tra tio n o f fo llo w in g
th e C IA p la n fo r an invasion o f Cuba.
T here is am ple evidence to sup p o rt Roa’s
charges.
D r . R onald H ilto n , D ire c to r o f the In ­
s titu te of H isp a n ic-A m e rica n Studies at
S ta n fo rd U n iv e rs ity , re p o rte d in c o n tro ­
v e rtib le evidence th a t th e C IA had e x­
tended its tra in in g p ro g ra m fo r cou n te r­
re v o lu tio n a rie s to G uatem ala. The C IA , i t
seems, has acquired a large tra c t o f land
at an estim ated cost of $1 m illio n to tra in
an invasion a rm y o f Cuban e xp atriates to
o v e rth ro w the Castro governm ent.
T h is was confirm ed b y R ich a rd D udm an, correspondent fo r the St. L o u is PostD ispatch, w h o said th a t he saw barracks
fo r 500 m en and a secret 1200-foot a irs trip
c u t in to th e G uatem alan ju n g le w h ic h he
described as “ a re m a rka b le engineering
jo b .”
F in a lly d ic ta to r Y digoras o f G uate­
m a la a d m itte d over T V the existence o f th e
C IA base b u t refused to discuss its p u r­
pose.
The C IA provocateurs m u st be curbed;
o therw ise th e p o s s ib ility o f w a r fla rin g up
a t any m om ent is im m e a su ra b ly increased.
W e th in k the C IA should be abolished at
once. B u t i f anyone hesitates to urge th is
w ith o u t m ore facts, le t h im w r ite his sen­
ato r and congressman to press fo r an im ­
m ediate in v e s tig a tio n o f th e secret, con­
s p ira to ria l, w a r-in c itin g a c tiv itie s o f th is
super spy agency. T h e A m e ric a n people
are e n title d to k n o w th e tru th .
Page Three
M IL ITA N T
Dr. RaulRoa’s Speech at the UnitedNations
[T h e b ig c a p ita lis t press has
s o u g h t to k e e p th e A m e ric a n
p e o p le f r o m le a rn in g w h a t th e
charges a re th a t C u b a le v e lle d
in th e U n ite d N a tio n s Jan . 4
a g a in s t th e E is e n h o w e r a d m in is t r a tio n . E v e n th e N e w Y o r k
T im es, w h ic h m ake s a p ra c tic e
of. p r in t in g th e te x ts o f such im ­
p o rta n t d o cu m e n ts, ra n o n ly a
fe w e xce rp ts, le a v in g o u t th e
m o s t im p re s s iv e fa cts, w h ile i t
c a r e fu lly p u t d e ro g a to ry r e ­
m a rk s b y W a d s w o rth , th e U.S.
de le gate , b o th b e fo re a n d a fte r
th e e x c e rp ts ta k e n f r o m D r.
R oa’s speech so as t o lessen th e
s tin g o f th e s m a ll b its i t d id see
f i t to p r in t.
T o g iv e o u r re a d e rs an im ­
p re ssio n o f th e c h a ra c te r o f D r.
R a u l R o a ’s charges, o f th e e x ­
ten siven ess o f th e e v id e n c e he
cite s a n d o f its c o m p le te ly
d a m n in g e x p o su re o f th e c o u n ter-r evolutionary a c tiv itie s o f
th e S ta te D e p a rtm e n t a n d th e
C e n tra l In te llig e n c e A g e n c y , w e
a re printing a b o u t tw o-thirds o f
th e C u b a n F o re ig n M in is te r's
speech, ta k e n fr o m th e u n o ffic ia l
r u n n in g translation p ro v id e d b y
th e U N . W e a re o n ly s o r r y th a t
o u r s lim fin a n c ia l reso urce s p r e ­
v e n te d us from reprinting th e
speech in its e n tire ty , f o r i t w a s
e x tre m e ly d if f ic u lt to d e cid e
what could be le f t o u t w ith le a st
in ju r y .
W e w o u ld a p p re c ia te le a rn in g
th e re a c tio n o f o u r re a d e rs to
th is p o w e r fu l in d ic tm e n t o f U.S.
fo re ig n p o lic y . — E d ito r.]
A t th e v e ry m o m e n t w h e n
C u b a is c o m m e m o ra tin g th e sec­
o n d a n n iv e rs a ry o f its lib e r a ­
tio n , i t is once a g a in fo rc e d to
tu r n to th e S e c u r ity C o u n c il to
de no un ce in f r o n t o f w o r ld p u b ­
lic o p in io n th e p o lic y o f h a ra ss­
m e n t, re p ris a ls , aggression, s u b ­
v e rs io n , is o la tio n , in te r v e n tio n
a n d im m in e n t m ilit a r y a tta c k
b e in g c a rrie d o u t b y th e U n ite d
S tates a g a in s t th e G o v e rn m e n t
and p e op le o f C u ba , w it h th e
seriou s r is k t h a t th is p o lic y e n ­
ta ils f o r in te rn a tio n a l peace and
s e c u rity , w h ic h are a lre a d y in
a seriou s s ta te because o f in ­
creased te n sio n s in E u ro p e , A s ia
and A f r ic a — a n d ,p re c is e ly as a
r e s u lt o f th e m e th o d s o f in te r fe re n ce , co e rcio n an d v a c illa tio n
t h a t are ty p ic a l o f th e e x p ir in g
R e p u b lic a n
a d m in is tra tio n
in
th e co n d u c t o f its fo r e ig n r e la ­
tio n s.
I n o rd e r to ju s t if y th is im m in e n t v io la tio n of, th e in d e p e n d ­
ence, s e lf-d e te rm in a tio n , s o v e r­
e ig n ty , and t e r r it o r ia l in te g r ity
o f C u b a , th e p r e te x t is b e in g
used t h a t C u b a has b e c o m e a
s a te llite to th e S o v ie t U n io n a n d
t h a t th is c o n s titu te s a d a n g e r
to h e m is p h e ric u n it y , s o lid a r ity
a n d peace.
T h e tru e o b je c tiv e o f such
m e n da ciou s, irre s p o n s ib le an d
fr a u d u le n t
a lle g a tio n s
is
to
c ru s h th e r e v o lu tio n t h a t e m a n ­
c ip a te d th e C u b a n p e o p le fr o m
th e p o litic a l d o m in a tio n and
eco n o m ic e x p lo ita tio n o f th e
U n ite d S tates o f A m e ric a a n d to
r e tu r n C u b a to th e h u m ilia t in g
an d d o c ile c o n d itio n o f a c o lo n ­
ia l d e p e n d e n cy o f U n ite d S tates
im p e ria lis m . . .
T h e b lin d e s t a n d m o s t p o w e r­
f u l e n e m y o f th e C u b a n R e v o lu ­
tio n has been a n d is th e im p e r ­
ia lis t g o v e rn m e n t, an d th e re a c ­
tio n a r y g ro u p headed b y P re s i­
d e n t E is e n h o w e r . . . .
N o w a t th e end o f h is d is c re d ­
ite d a n d ru in o u s m a n d a te , he has
b ro k e n o ff d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
w it h C u b a an d has a p p ro v e d th e
s in is te r p la n o f th e C e n tra l I n ­
te llig e n c e A g e n c y to cre a te co n ­
d itio n s f o r m ilit a r y a g gre ssion
a g a in s t th e G o v e rn m e n t a n d
p e op le o f C u b a . . . .
A t th is m o m e n t C u b a is im ­
m in e n tly th re a te n e d w it h in ­
v a s io n b y th e U n ite d States. T h e
in it ia t iv e ta k e n b y th e U n ite d
S tates , in b re a k in g o ff re la tio n s
w it h C u b a m ake s th is im m in ­
ence eve n m o re d ra m a tic . T h e
G o v e rn m e n t a n d th e p e o p le of
C u b a a re w a it in g f r o m one
m o m e n t to th e n e x t th e a r r iv a l
o f th e in v a d e r.
W hat T hey W ant
W e k n o w w h a t th e y w a n t to
d o a f t e r th e in v a s io n . T h e y
w a n t to re s to re b y fo rc e th e r o t ­
te n re g im e w h ic h w a s o v e r­
th r o w n b y the R e v o lu tio n an d to
re im p o s e th e d e g ra d in g y o k e o f
c o lo n ia l
d o m in a tio n .
S w o lle n
w i t h p r im it iv e ra n c o r a n d ra c ia l
p rid e , th e y p a ra d e t h e ir ships
a n d p la n e s a n d ro c k e ts , b u t w e
s h a ll m e e t th e m s ta n d in g , u n ite d
a n d d e te rm in e d , o n ly y ie ld in g
in c h b y in c h w it h th e b re a th o f
o u r bodies.
F ro m th e s u m m e r o f 1959
C u ba has h a d to w ith s ta n d h u n ­
d re d s o f a g g re s iv e acts o f a m il­
it a r y n a tu re s u p p o rte d , fin a n c e d
a n d c a rrie d o u t b y th e p re s e n t
g o v e rn m e n t o f th e U n i t e d
S tates . . . .
The
re p re s e n ta tiv e
o f th e
U n ite d S tates said a fe w m o m ­
ents ago t h a t I w a s in d u lg in g in
th e e xe rcise o f in v e n tio n . I
s h o u ld lik e to sh o w to th e Se­
c u r ity C o u n c il, so t h a t I m a y be
t o ld w h e th e r i t is th e U n ite d
S tates o r C u b a t h a t in v e n ts
th in g s he re, these p h o to g ra p h s
o f U n ite d S tates h ig h e x p lo s iv e s
w it h t h e ir n u m b e rs a n d t h e ir
c o rre s p o n d in g o rd e rs . . . .
Material from North America
w as a ir lif t e d to th e c o u n te r­
r e v o lu tio n a r y g ro u p s o p e ra tin g
in th e m o u n ta in s , a n d m a y I
p o in t to these p h o to g ra p h s and
a sk w h e th e r th is is th e f r u i t o f
my
im a g in a tio n ?
O n these
p h o to g ra p h s can be seen “ U n ite d
S tates N o .” a n d “ M a d e in U S A ”
a nd so on.
C aught R ed-handed
O ffic ia ls o f th e U n ite d S tates
E m b a ssy in H a v a n a h a v e been
c a u g h t re d -h a n d e d in t h e ir es­
p io n a g e a c tiv itie s . C a m ps o f
m e rc e n a rie s a re m a in ta in e d in
F lo r id a and C e n tra l A m e ric a
a n d p a id f o r w it h A m e ric a n d o l­
la rs . T h e C e n tr a l In te llig e n c e
A g e n c y fo o ts th e b i l l f o r a sys­
te m a tic c a m p a ig n o f c a lu m n y
fr o m d iffe re n t b ro a d c a s tin g s ta ­
tio n s, a n d th is is p a r t o f th e
p s y c h o lo g ic a l
w a rfa r e
w h ic h
has b en u n le a sh e d to p re p a re
c o n d itio n s f o r a w id e -s c a le as­
s a u lt . . . .
I n th e m id d le o f S e p te m b e r,
th e D e p a rtm e n t o f I n v e s tig a tio n
o f th e R e b e l A r m y b r o u g h t to
lig h t an espionage c irc le w h e n
i t a rre s te d fiv e agents, th re e o f
w h o m h a s d ip lo m a tic sta tu s . . . .
T h e p re v io u s m o n th , a t a tim e
w h e n th e y w e re h o ld in g c o n s p ir­
a to ria l m e e tin g s w it h C ubans,
w e h a d a lre a d y a rre s te d tw o o f­
fic ia ls o f th e A m e ric a n E m ba ssy,
E d m u n d S w e e t a n d W illia m
F rie d m a n n .
A t d a w n on O c to b e r 5, on th e
n o r th coast o f O rie n te p ro v in c e ,
an e x p e d itio n o f 27 in d iv id u a ls
c o m in g fr o m F lo rid a , la n d e d ,
a n d th re e o f these m e rc e n a rie s
w e re A m e ric a n citize n s.
O n O c to b e r 8 th e R e b e l A r m y
an d pe asa nt m il it ia c a p tu re d a
h u n d re d o r so c o u n te r-r e v o lu ­
tio n a rie s w h o w e re o p e ra tin g in
th e m o u n ta in s o f E sca m b ra y.
N in e days b e fo re th a t, th e g o v ­
e rn m e n t h a d in te rc e p te d w a r
m a te rie l addressed to th a t g ro u p
a n d d ro p p e d a t n ig h t b y a fo u r m o to r p la n e o f th e
U n ite d
S tates.
T h e cargo, c o m in g f r o m a rse n ­
als o f th e U n ite d S tates A r m y ,
con sisted o f c o m p le te e q u ip m e n t
f o r m o d e rn w e ap ons . . . .
Camps in G u a tem a la
A lth o u g h i t is p e r fe c tly u n ­
necessary to re p e a t th is , i t is
necessary th a t w e m e n tio n th e
fa c t t h a t th e p u p p e t g o v e rn m e n t
o f G u a te m a la h a s opened its t e r ­
r it o r y f o r th e in s ta lla tio n o f
these [ m ilit a r y ] cam ps.
A m o n g o th e rs, w e can c ite
C a m p C o rrie n te , th e p r o p e r ty o f
th e
U n ite d
F r u it
C om pany;
R a n ch o F lo rid o . . . C h a g u ita ,
w h e re n e w m o b ile u n its a re b e ­
in g in s tru c te d ; th e In c a fa rm ,
a ls o o f th e U n ite d F r u it C o m ­
pany . . . .
T h e g o v e rn m e n t o f G u a te m a la
has confessed t h a t m o re th a n 20
p r iv a te
fa rm s
e x is t h o ld in g
m e rc e n a ry cam ps, a n d th e m a in
one has been p o in te d o u t as b e ­
in g H e lv e tia , th e p r o p e rty o f th e
b r o th e r o f th e A m b a s s a d o r o f
G u a te m a la in W a s h in g to n , R o b ­
e r t A le jo s , w h e re he has set u p
a la n d in g s tr ip . . . .
A s f a r as th e pre sen ce o f m e r ­
cen aries in cam ps s itu a te d in
th e U n ite d S tates a re c o n c e rn ­
ed, w e do n o t h a v e to go f a r to
fin d o u t w h e re th e y are. S u f­
fice i t to go th r o u g h th e n e w s p a ­
pers an d m agazines to p ro v e i t
o b je c tiv e ly . L if e m a g a zin e in its
e d itio n
o f O ct. 31, in s e rte d
p h o to g ra p h s t h a t w e can sh o w
th e C o u n c il he re, an d I a m h o ld ­
in g th e m u p f o r th e m e m b e rs to
see.
O n O ct. 25, C B S te le v is io n
n e tw o r k sh o w e d film s o f a n u m ­
b e r o f these c o u n te r -re v o lu tio n ­
a ry ce n te rs in M ia m i.
In D ia r io de la s A m e ric a s o f
N o v . 22, th e re a re re p o rts o f th e
d e a th o f th e A m e ric a n R u sse ll
F . M a s k e r, J r., a v ic t im o f a
sho t t h a t w as fir e d a c c id e n ta lly
b y th e C u b a n , R o la n d o M a rtin e z
C a m p a n e ria , w h ile h e w a s g iv ­
in g in s tr u c tio n in a ca m p s itu ­
a te d in C a yo S in N o m b re , 30
m ile s fr o m K e y W est.
T h e m e rce n a rie s, c o n c e n tra te d
in cam ps in M ia m i, O rla n d o ,
H o m estea d, F o r t L a u d e rd a le and
F o r t M e ye rs, a re re c e iv in g $25
a w e e k in pa y, besides $275 a
m o n th f o r t h e ir fa m ilie s .
W e h a ve a p h o to s ta tic co p y o f
th e checks p la ce d a t t h e ir d is ­
posal, th a n k s to th e fu n d r e ­
leased b y P re s id e n t E is e n h o w e r
a n d a d m in is te re d b y th e C e n tra l
In te llig e n c e A g e n c y .
I f o r m a lly d e cla re on b e h a lf
o f th e re p re s e n ta tiv e s o f m y
g o v e rn m e n t t h a t f r o m
these
tr a in in g cam ps th e m e rc e n a rie s
h a v e g ra d u a lly gone to S w a n
Is la n d in tra n s p o rt p la n e s o f th e
A m e ric a n a r m y an d in c iv ilia n
ca rg o plan es. T h e sam e p ra c tic e
o f re lo c a tio n is fo llo w e d in th e
case o f those w h o h a v e fin is h e d
t h e ir t r a in in g in G u a te m a la .
I n S w a n Is la n d , w h ic h is used
as a b rid g e , th e y are h e ld f o r a
fe w da ys a n d th e n th e y are
tra n s fe rre d to th e G u a n ta n a m o
N a v a l Base.
T h e f ir s t g ro u p tra n s p o rte d to
G u a n ta n a m o w as m ad e u p o f 150
m en w h o tra v e lle d on O ct. 24 in
th e w a rs h ip “ B u r m a n ” o f th e
U n ite d S ta te s M a rin e s , co m ­
m a n d e d b y C a p ta in Joseph M c ­
D o n a ld . S in ce t h a t tim e , e v e ry
w e e k 150 m e n h a v e b e en sent,
w it h m e d ic in e , fo o d an d a rm a ­
m e n ts . . . .
Although the C entral In te lli­
gence A g e n c y has v e r y o fte n
cha ng ed its p la n s an d p o stp o n e d
th e m , w e h a v e a c c u ra te in f o r ­
m a tio n th a t w e a re n o w fa c in g
th e fin a l b lo w .
T h e m e rc e n a rie s s itu a te d in
G u a n ta n a m o a re c a m o u fla g e d in
o liv e -g re e n u n i f o r m s
w it h
b ro w n a n d w h ite dots, lik e th e
ones used b y th e M a rin e s in
W o r ld W a r I I . T h e y a re th e best
tro o p s a n d th e y are th e best
arm e d.
T h e p la n is to la u n c h a n u m ­
b e r o f s m a ll e x p e d itio n s a g a in s t
d iffe re n t p o in ts o f th e is la n d ,
s y n c h ro n iz in g w it h a tte m p ts a n d
a c tu a l sabotag e in th e citie s.
These e x p e d itio n s w i l l le a v e
F lo r id a a n d S w a n Is la n d . W h ile
th e la n d in g s are ta k in g p la ce th e
m e rc e n a rie s s ta tio n e d a t G u a n ­
ta n a m o N a v a l Base w i l l le a v e
f o r S ie rra M a e s tra , fr o m w h ic h
th e y in te n d to a tta c k a n u m b e r
o f c itie s in O rie n te P ro v in c e ,
s u p p o rte d b y a v ia tio n in G u a t­
em a la a n d S w a n Is la n d . T h e
m e rc e n a rie s also p la n to b o m b
d iffe re n t p o in ts o f H a v a n a P r o v ­
in ce . . . .
O pen R e cru itm e n t
T h e fa v o r ite im p e r ia lis t o rg a n
[th e W a ll S tre e t J o u rn a l, N o v .
28] in a d o c u m e n t e n title d , “ C u ­
b a n E x o d u s ,” g ive s in fo r m a tio n
th a t w ith o u t a n y d o u b t c o m m its
th e g o v e rn m e n t o f P re s id e n t
E is e n h o w e r.
I t re fe rs to th e fa c t t h a t th e re
is a b r ic k b u ild in g on 17th
S tre e t a n d B is c a y n e B o u le v a rd
in M ia m i, w h ic h o p e n ly re c ru its
th e m e rc e n a rie s in o rd e r to fo r m
th is s ta n d in g a rm y ; t h a t Esso
S ta n d a rd O il has fo rm e d a c o m ­
m itte e to assist th e c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n a rie s , a n d th a t th e re are
in d ic a tio n s th a t a t le a s t one o f
these re fu g e e g ro u p s has been
g iv e n fre e d o m b y th e a u t h o r it ­
ies to c a r ry o u t ille g a l a c tiv itie s ,
a m o n g w h ic h th e m o s t im p o r t ­
a n t is th e use o f la n d in g s trip s ,
fr o m
w h ic h th e y c a r ry outflig h ts o v e r C uba.
T h e W a ll S tre e t J o u rn a l also
states t h a t a s o -c a lle d R e v o lu ­
tio n a r y D e m o c ra tic F r o n t a l­
re a d y has ta c it a p p ro v a l o f th e
U n ite d S tates an d is g u n - r u n ­
n in g as w e ll as s e n d in g e x p lo ­
sives to th e is la n d , and th e r e ­
c ru its o f such g ro u p , once ac­
cepted, c a n n o t r e tu r n to c iv ilia n
life , re c e iv in g th e m a il o f t h e ir
fa m ilie s a n d frie n d s th r o u g h a
p o s t-o ffic e b o x in M ia m i, u t il iz ­
in g a system s im ila r to th a t used
b y th e A m e ric a n A r m y d u r in g
th e Second W o r ld W a r, c a rr y in g
o u t a ll ty p e s o f c a m o u fla g e to
c o v e r u p its tro o p lo c a tio n s .
O n N o v . 27, th e W a s h in g to n
P o st p u b lis h e d a n u m b e r o f
p h o to g ra p h s
of
re fu g e e s
in
F lo rid a p ra c tic in g k n ife - th r o w ­
in g . . . .
V e r y close to th e N e w Y e a r,
th e A sso cia te d P ress re p o rte d
fr o m M ia m i t h a t a g ro u p o f 200
C u ba ns a n d 23 A m e ric a n s , sta ­
tio n e d in b a rra c k s n e a r th e ce n ­
t e r o f th e c ity , w e re re a d y ' to
la n d in C uba.
T h e g ro u p is u n d e r th e co m ­
m a n d o f R o la n d o M a s fe rre r, a
n o to rio u s m u rd e re r, a n d th e
A m e ric a n , K e n n e th P ro c to r, 33
y e a rs o f age, o f B o sto n . A ls o ,
a c tin g as a c h ie f, is L a r r y B ric e ,
22 ye a rs o ld , o f C o lu m b u s, O hio .
Psychological W a r
T h e w a r p re p a ra tio n s w h ic h
a re b e in g m a d e in b ro a d d a y ­
lig h t , w ith o u t a n y in te n tio n o f
h id in g th e m , w it h a c le a r la c k
o f re sp e ct f o r in te r n a tio n a l la w s ,
a re a rtic u la te d w it h an in te n s e
p ro p a g a n d a c a m p a ig n , w h ic h is
a im e d a t c ra c k in g th e s o lid f r o n t
o f th e C u b a n pe op le.
T h is p s y c h o lo g ic a l w a r is b o rn
o f th e p o w e r fu l b ro a d c a s tin g
s ta tio n o f th e U n ite d S tates and
S w a n Is la n d , w h ic h w a s s to le n
f r o m H o n d u ra s b y th e g o v e rn ­
m e n t o f P re s id e n t E is e n h o w e r.
N o t o n ly do th e y c a r r y o u t s u b ­
v e r s io n , b u t th e y also tr a n s m it
o rd e rs in secre t codes to th e
c o u n te r-re v o lu tio n a rie s , t e r r o r ­
ists a n d sa b o te u rs in C u ba , u n ­
d e r th e d ire c tio n o f th e C e n tra l
In te llig e n c e A g e n c y .
I n o rd e r n o t to le a v e e v e ry ­
t h in g to th e t r u s t w o r t h y re p o rts
o f th e C u b a n G o v e rn m e n t, I
s h a ll t u r n a g a in to th e U .S . N e w s
& W o r ld R e p o rt w h ic h p rid e s
it s e lf on d is c o v e rin g in te r n a tio n ­
a l c rim in a ls in t h e ir ille g itim a te
a c tiv itie s .
A c c o rd in g to th is m a g azine,
one o f th e gro u p s, in its ea ge r­
ness to o b ta in F e d e ra l d o lla rs
has a v e r y lu x u r io u s h o m e in
M ia m i d e v o te d to th e p re p a ra ­
tio n o f these ra d io p ro g ra m s ,
w h ic h
are
ta p e d
and
th e n
b ro a d c a s t fr o m a 3 5 -fo o t vessel
w h ic h is based in th e s o u th e rn
c ity .
A n o th e r
p ro g ra m ,
e n title d ,
“ F o r C u b a a n d b y C u b a ,” is also
b ro a d c a s t b y s h o rt w a v e f r o m
N e w Y o r k fiv e n ig h ts a w e e k .
T h is p ro g ra m is re p e a te d 60
m in u te s a fte r, on r e g u la r w a v e
le n g th , fr o m S w a n Is la n d .
T h e U.S. N e w s & W o r ld R e ­
p o r t confesses th a t in th e b ro a d ­
cast R a d io C u b a In d e p e n d ie n te ,
w h ic h is b ro a d c a s t f r o m th is
s h ip w h ic h le ave s e v e ry d a y
f r o m M ia m i, th e sa b o te u rs are
also to ld w h a t o rd e rs to f o llo w
in o rd e r to sabotage m o vie s,
th e a te rs a n d o th e r p u b lic places.
T h e G ib r a lt a r S te a m s h ip C o m ­
p a n y also has sh ip s t h a t tr a n s ­
m it e v e ry n ig h t f o r f o u r h o u rs .
A l l these p ro g ra m s a re ta p e d in
th e U n ite d S ta te s . . . .
A s is k n o w n , in th e c o m m o n
f r o n t t h a t w a s set u p to c o v e r
th e expenses o f th e in v a s io n ,
th e re a re d ire c t c o n trib u tio n s
f r o m th e g o v e rn m e n t a n d fr o m
th e g re a t m o n o p o lie s t h a t w e re
s w e p t fr o m C u b a b y th e r e v o lu ­
tio n a r y la w s .
T h e g o v e rn m e n t o f P re s id e n t
E is e n h o w e r has a lre a d y sp e n t
m illio n s o f d o lla rs in it s a im to
o v e r th ro w
th e
R e v o lu tio n a r y
G o v e rn m e n t.
to b re a k C u b a ’s b a c k b y h u n g e r.
B u t i t c o u ld n o t. N o w i t is t r y in g
to sto p C u b a ’s r e v o lu tio n a r y im ­
p u ls e b y fo rc e .
B u t C u b a ow es its s u r v iv a l if t
th is c r u c ia l m o m e n t o f it s h is ­
t o r y to th e u n s h a k e a b le d e te rm ­
in a tio n o f th e R e v o lu tio n a ry
G o v e rn m e n t a n d to th e p r o ­
d ig io u s c o u ra g e o f it s p e o p le ,
a n d, se co n d ly, to th e f r ie n d ly
c o u n trie s t h a t ga ve i t h e lp w i t h ­
o u t in s is tin g o n s u b o rd in a tio n o r
p o lit ic a l c o m m itm e n ts .. . .
I say a g a in t h a t C u b a d oes
n o t s ta n d a lo n e . A n d th u s I r e ­
A C o m m itte e f o r th e L ib e r a ­ p e a t t h a t C u b a w i l l f ig h t to w in
t io n o f C uba, w it h h e a d q u a rte rs o r d ie , a n d w e s h a ll f ig h t — a n d
in W a s h in g to n , he ad ed b y J o h n n o t alon e.
W e do n o t w a n t to p r o v o k e
C. M c C la tc h y , n o t o n ly p u b lic ly
a n n o u n ce d t h a t h e h a d c o n tra c t­ th e s u ic id e o f h u m a n ity b u t, i f
ed tim e on ra d io s ta tio n s w h ose an a to m ic c o n fla g ra tio n w e re to
fre q u e n c ie s w e re h e a rd in C uba, be u n le ashe d, because o f t h e
b u t, w ith o u t b lu s h in g , h e sta te d m ilit a r y in te r v e n tio n i n C u b a ,
t h a t th e c o n trib u tio n s t h a t w e re th e r e s p o n s ib ility w o u ld f a l l
g iv e n to th is c o m m itte e w o u ld s q u a re ly on th e im p e r ia lis t an d
be ta x -fre e . M e m b e rs o f th is re a c tio n a ry g o v e rn m e n t o f G e n ­
g re a t in te r v e n tio n is t e n te rp ris e e ra l E is e n h o w e r . . . .
a re R ep. P u c in s k y o f I llin o is an d
W h e re C u b a Stands
N ic h o la s N o n n e m a c h e r, a r e tir e d
c o m m a n d e r o f th e A i r F orce.
T w o d a ys ago, b e fo r e o n e m i l A t 225 P a r k A v e n u e S o u th , lio n
e n th u s ia s tic a lly s e e th in g
N e w Y o r k , th e re is an “ In te r n a ­ m e n a n d w o m e n in t h e P la z a
tio n a l Rescue C o m m itte e ,” h e a d ­ C iv ic a in H a v a n a , th e P r im e
ed b y L e o C h e rn e , t h a t h a n d le s M in is te r a n d le a d e r o f th e re v o ­
also, b y d e le g a tio n , a m illio n lu tio n , D r. F id e l C a s tro , s ta te d :
d o lla rs f o r th e s o -c a lle d a n t i­
“ T h e d a n g e r t h a t is lo o m in g :
c o m m u n is t fig h te rs o f C uba.
o v e r o u r c o u n t r y does n o t
T e xa co , C a r d in a l S p e llm a n ,
fr ig h te n us, b u t e m b o ld e n s o u r
Esso, In te r n a tio n a l B usine ss M a ­
pe op le. W e w a it c o n fid e n tly b e ­
chines, U n ite d F r u it C o m p a n y,
cause w e k n o w w h a t th e o u tG e n e ra l E is e n h o w e r, A lle n D u l­
com e w i l l be.
les, th a t is to say, th e g re a t
“ H o w e v e r c ru e l o r tra ito r o u s
p iv o ts a n d personages o f th e
E m p ire , h a v e op ened t h e ir bags th is a tta c k w i l l be, w e a re n o t
a n d t h e ir p o c k e tb o o k s in o rd e r a fra id . W e w i l l liv e d a ys o f d a n ­
to b le e d C u b a d ry , to r e t u r n to ger, o f tr u e d a n g e r. T h e re s p o n ­
th e tim e o f o d io u s p riv ile g e s , to s ib ili t y w i l l be t h a t o f th e p re s ­
set up t h e ir la c k e y s in p o w e r e n t a d m in is tra tio n in th e U n ite d
S tates.
ag ain.
T a x F ree
P la n o f O peratio n
I m u s t r e fe r a g a in to th e i n ­
fo r m a tio n I c ite d w h e n t h is m a t­
t e r w as discussed in th e G e n e ra l
A s s e m b ly re g a rd in g th e m od us
o p e ra n d i o f these p la n s. A c c o rd ­
in g to th e N a tio n a l R e v ie w o f
J u ly 18, 1960, these are th e steps
t h a t w o u ld be ta k e n b y t h e
E is e n h o w e r re g im e in its p o lic y
o f aggression a g a in s t C u ba :
F ir s t ly , th e b r e a k in g o f d ip lo ­
m a tic a n d eco n o m ic re la tio n s
w it h th e g o v e rn m e n t o f C a stro
m u s t p re ced e th e b e g in n in g o f
m ilit a r y o p e ra tio n s b y th e fo rce s
o f “ lib e r a tio n ” o f C uba.
S e co n d ly, C ongress m u s t in ­
v o k e th e M o n ro e D o c trin e and
d e c la re
th a t
e x tr a c o n tin e n ta l
p o w e rs a re in d ir e c t ly th r e a te n ­
in g th e U n ite d S tates an d o th e r
A m e ric a n S tates b y s e ttin g u p a
s a te llite re g im e in C uba. T h is
c o u ld be fo llo w e d b y an e m ­
b a rg o a g a in s t th e s e n d in g o f
s u p p lie s to C uba, in c lu d in g spa re
p a rts f o r m a c h in e ry a n d e q u ip ­
m e n t f o r a c o u n tr y w h e re , n a t­
u r a lly , a ll th e m a c h in e ry is o f
U n ite d S tates m a n u fa c tu re . T h e
U n ite d S tates c o u ld also re fu s e
p e rm is s io n f o r th e s e n d in g o f
a rm s to th is h e m is p h e re d e s tin e d
f o r th e C u b a n g o v e rn m e n t, and
o rd e r th e A t la n t ic F le e t to p a ­
t r o l, in o rd e r to sto p E u ro p e a n
sh ip s fr o m h a n d in g o v e r w e a ­
pons a n d a rm s to C a stro .
• T h ir d ly , to c a r r y o u t an a t ­
ta c k a g a in s t m ilit a r y a n d n a v a l
fo rce s in C uba. O nce th e y h a d
e s ta b lis h e d t h e ir beach he ad, th e
“ p a trio ts ” c o u ld f o r m a p r o v is ­
io n a l g o v e rn m e n t a n d a sk f o r
th e assistance o f th e g o v e rn m e n t
o f th e U n ite d S ta te s in o rd e r to
p a c ify th e c o u n try .
W h a t has h a p p e n e d sin ce J u ly
a n d th e m a n e u v e rs o f th e la s t
fe w m o n th s c o n firm , u n e q u iv o c ­
a lly , th e s tra te g y t h a t has been
o u tlin e d in th e m ag azines th a t
I h a v e m e n tio n e d , a n d is w e ll
k n o w n in th e in n e r c irc le s o f th e
g o v e rn m e n t in W a s h in g to n .
I t is a lre a d y a f a c t n o w : th e
b re a k in g o f f o f d ip lo m a tic r e la ­
tio n s a n d tw o d e s tro y e rs t h a t
h a v e been p la c e d on a le r t in
K e y W est, o n ly 90 m ile s fr o m
C uba. I t is o n ly th e c u lm in a tio n
o f a p la n , th e e s ta b lis h m e n t o f
a beachhead, th e d ire c t m ilit a r y
aggression, a n d th e d ro p p in g o f
bo m bs o v e r c itie s a n d fie ld s .
T h e p re p a ra tio n s a re re a d y
a n d th is m a y o c c u r a t a n y m o m ­
ent . . . .
T h is is th e c o n firm a tio n , d a y
b y d a y a n d h o u r b y h o u r, o f th e
m od us o p e ra n d i t h a t w a s a g ree d
u p o n m a n y m o n th s ago a n d t h a t
is
to
c u lm in a te
b e fo re
th e
cha ng e o f a d m in is tra tio n o n
Jan . 20.
I t has been s ta te d fa ls e ly t h a t
C u b a is th e s a te llite o f in te r n a ­
tio n a l C o m m u n is m ;
b u t th e
t r u t h is d iffe re n t. C u b a h a s
ceased fo r e v e r to be th e s a te llite
o f A m e ric a n im p e ria lis m , a n d i t
is f o r th is reason t h a t w e a re ac­
cused o f b e in g C o m m u n is ts .
U n a b le , in its b lin d n e s s , to u n ­
d e rs ta n d th e p ro fo u n d a n d v a s t
changes th a t a re ta k in g p la c e in
p re s e n t-d a y s o cie ty, A m e ric a n
im p e r ia lis m can c o n s id e r o n ly
one a lte rn a tiv e : e ith e r it s s a te l­
lit e o r a n o th e r’s.
A n d , sin ce i t does n o t a d m it
a n y re la tio n s h ip w it h o th e r p e o ­
p les e x c e p t s u b m issio n , i t can
o n ly acce pt such s u b m is s io n u n ­
c o n d itio n a lly .
S in ce w e h a v e r e je c te d th is
o p p ro b rio u s s e rv itu d e , A m e ric a n
im p e ria lis m is t r y in g to b re a k
d o w n o u r g o v e rn m e n t b y m eans
o f h a ra s s m e n t, p re ssu re , th re a ts ,
re p ris a ls , a n d ag gre ssion . I t t r ie d
“ B u t i t w i l l also be th e r e ­
s p o n s ib ility o f th e P re s id e n tE le c t o f th e U n ite d S ta te s. I f h e
t h in k s t h a t h e is g o in g to s h ru g
o f f th e r e s p o n s ib ility a n d pass i t
to th e p re s e n t a d m in is tra tio n ,
w e s ta te t h a t n o a g gre ssion
c o u ld be c a rrie d o u t w it h o u t th e
d ire c t c o m p lic ity o f th e n e w ly
e le c te d a d m in is tra tio n ; o f t h e
U n ite d S tates o f A m e ric a . W e
a w a it th e n e w a d m in is tra tio n
a n d w e e x p e c t f r o m i t c e r ta in
m o d ific a tio n s . . .”
Snake P it W ip ed O u t
T h e f r a g ile tie s w h ic h s t ill
lin k e d th e R e v o lu tio n a r y G o v ­
e rn m e n t o f C u b a w i t h th e im ­
p e r ia lis t a n d re a c tio n a ry g o v ­
e rn m e n t o f P re s id e n t E is e n h o w ­
e r w e re te rm in a te d w h e n he
b ro k e o ff d ip lo m a tic re la tio n s
w it h C u b a la s t n ig h t.
W e a re n o t u n a w a re o f th e
fa c t t h a t th e b re a k in g o ff w i l l
p re c ip ita te aggression. B u t, fo rtu n a te ly , th e sn a ke p i t t h a t w a s
th e A m e r ic a n E m b a ssy in C u b a
w a s also w ip e d o u t.
T h e R e v o lu tio n a r y G o v e rn ­
m e n t, h a v in g no o th e r re co u rse ,
d e cid e d o n Ja n . 2 to in s is t t h a t
th e U n ite d S tates g o v e rn m e n t
im m e d ia te ly re d u c e th e p e rs o n ­
n e l o f its em b assy t o a p a r it y
w it h t h a t o f th e o ffic ia ls o f o u r
o w n em b assy in W a s h in g to n —
i n o th e r w o rd s , to e le ve n .
T h e m o tiv e f o r t h is d e c is io n
w a s th a t, a c c o rd in g to p r o o f t h a t
w e h a v e in o u r h a n d s, th e m a jo r
p o r tio n o f th e A m e ric a n d ip lo ­
m a tic p e rs o n n e l w a s im p lic a te d
in esp io nag e a c tiv itie s , in a c t iv i­
tie s o f s u b v e rs io n a n d te r ro ris m .
T h e ir a te r e p ly o f th e im p e r ­
ia lis t g o v e rn m e n t w a s th e b re a k in g o ff o f re la tio n s .
F rie n d ly to A m erican s
I t is in d is p e n s a b le t h a t w e
m a k e o n e p o in t v e r y c le a r. W e
h a v e n o c la im a n d f ig h t a g a in s t
th e A m e ric a n p e o p le . T h e h o s­
t ile , p r e d a to ry a n d r e s e n tfu l a t­
titu d e o f th e P re s id e n t is w h a t
is r a d ic a lly a lie n to us.
P ro b a b ly m a n y A m e ric a n s
co n fu se d a n d in to x ic a te d b y im p e n a lis t p ro p a g a n d a , w i l l n o t b e
a b le to see t h e d iffe re n c e b e tw e e n th e se tw o fa cts.
B u t th e re a re m a n y A m e r i­
cans w h o h a v e f e r v e n t ly em ­
b ra c e d th e g lo rio u s id e a ls o f th e
C u b a n R e v o lu tio n .
O u r d o o rs h a v e a lw a y s b e e n
o p e n a n d w i l l c o n tin u e to b e
o p en to th e frie n d s of o u r cou n t r y , a n d w e t r u s t t h a t th e r e la ­
tio n s t h a t to d a y h a v e b e e n b r o k en o ff b e tw e e n o u r tw o c o u n ­
trie s w i ll, in t h e n o t d is ta n t f u ­
tu re , be re n e w e d on a basis o f
e q u a lity , o n a basis o f m u tu a l
re s p e c t a n d m u tu a l b e n e fit.
I n th e p re s e n t c irc u m s ta n c e ,
i t seems o b v io u s t h a t -th e R e v o ­
lu tio n a r y G o v e rn m e n t o f C u b a
re je c ts in a d va n ce a n y d r a f t
re s o lu tio n w h ic h p re s c rib e s a n y
ty p e o f u n d e rs ta n d in g w i t h th e
im p e r ia lis t a n d r e a c tio n a ry g o v ­
e rn m e n t o f P re s id e n t, E is e n h o w ­
er. T h e re is n o p o s s ib le c o m m o n
g ro u n d b e tw e e n th e tw o . T h e
re a c tio n a ry a n d im p e r ia lis t g o v ­
e rn m e n t o f P re s id e n t E is e n ­
h o w e r has a lre a d y d e cre e d m i l i ­
t a r y in te r v e n tio n a g a in s t C u b a ,
a n d C u b a is re a d y to re p e l it .
T h e re is o n ly o n e w a y o f c h a r­
a c te riz in g th is ig n o b le in te r n a ­
tio n a l c o n d u c t, a n d t h a t is to
d e c la re i t th e c o n d u c t o f a n a g ­
g ressor. I t is t h a t w h ic h , o n b e ­
h a lf o f th e G o v e rn m e n t a n d th e
p e o p le o f C u ba , I a sk o f th e Se­
c u r it y C o u n c il.
THE
Page Four
"You Worship the Buck"
“ Y o u A m e ric a n s , y o u ’re such
a lo u d -m o u th e d , p o o rly m a n ­
n e re d b u n c h . C an y o u b la m e us
f o r n o t w a n tin g to be a p a r t o f a
n a tio n w e h o ld in such lo w
esteem ?”
“ A n d y o u A m e ric a n s — y o u
w o rs h ip th e b u c k m o re th a n
A n y th in g . Y o u t h in k w e ’re a
b u n c h o f h ic k s . Y o u t h in k y o u
ca n b r in g $10 in h e re to d a y a n d
a
t ke
$ 10,000
out
to m o rro w .
Y o u ’re g re e d y .”
' “ A n d y o u r fo r e ig n p o lic y . W e
g e t th e im p re s s io n y o u r d ip lo ­
m a ts a r e a b u n c h o f u n im a g in ­
a tiv e s e c o n d -ra te rs. W e re s e n t
b e in g tie d to y o u r fo r e ig n p o l­
ic y . D u lle s to o k us to th e b r in k
w i t h h im so m a n y tim e s I a l­
m o s t h a d a n e rv o u s b re a k d o w n .”
“ W h a t d is tu rb s m e is th e de ep ro o te d , w e ll-o rg a n iz e d g r a ft th a t
is ra m p a n t in th e U n ite d States.
I t ?s in y o u r p o litic s , y o u r te le ­
v is io n — e v e ry th in g .”
T h a t w a s n ’t H a v a n a , P e k in g
o r o n e o f th e n e w A f r ic a n r e ­
p u b lic s f r o m w h ic h y o u m ig h t
a n tic ip a te such- a n ti-U .S . s e n ti­
m e n t, r e p o r te d p r iz e - w in n in g
M in n e a p o lis T rib u n e w r it e r C a r l
T . R o w a n . T hose w e re co m m e n ts
h e h e a rd f r o m p r iv a te c itiz e n s
a n d p u b lic o ffic ia ls d u r in g a r e ­
d e n t m o n th -lo n g
tr ip
across
C anada.
U .S. d o m in a tio n o f C a n a d ia n
bu sin ess has a d va n ce d s w if t ly
a n d d is s a tis fa c tio n in C a na da
has g ro w n apace. “ I fo u n d C a ­
n a d ia n s a ir in g an endless a r ra y
o f ir r ita tio n s a n d g rie va n ce s in ­
v o lv in g th e U n ite d S ta te s,” r e ­
p o rts R o w a n .
A govern m en t official in
O tta w a t old h im : " W h a t i r r i ­
tates us most is this goldtin g ed v irtu e of the U n ite d
S lates — w h a t w e re fe r to sar­
castically as yo u r d o lla r chas­
t i t y b elt. E v e n w h ile you r e ­
fuse to a d m it Asians to your
c o u n try yo u are pouring out
m oney to in te rn a tio n a l o r­
ganizations in the pretense
you w a n t to 'h elp th e m .'"
A
h ig h -s c h o o l
te a c h e r
in
M o n tr e a l to ld R o w a n she w a s
v o ic in g th e fe e lin g o f h e r g e n ­
e ra tio n w h e n she sa id : “ A m e r i-
Canadians resent being tied to a fo reig n p olicy th a t re ­
p eate d ly takes the w o rld to th e b rin k .
cans t h in k th e y a re s u p e rio r. W e in D e tr o it, t h a t c ig a re tte s cost a
f e lt s o r ry a fre e n a tio n d id n ’t C a n a d ia n a d im e m o re p e r p a c k
g e t a s a te llite u p b e fo re th e th a n h is U n ite d S tates n e ig h b o r.
R ussians, b u t w e are g la d th e
R em em b er Cuba?
U n ite d S tates d id n ’t. T h e k id s
a t m y sch o o l s o rt o f fe lt , ‘G o o d y,
“ I t ’s fu n n y ,” sa id a c iv il- s e r g o o d y — t h a t ’s one u p o n th e v ic e w o r k e r in S a ska tch e w a n ,
s u p e rio r A m e ric a n s .’ ”
“ b u t y o u go f o r ye a rs t h in k in g
n a tio n a lis m is th e s illy , ra sh
C h eering New s
business o f A s ia n s o r A fric a n s ,
T h a t i t is n ’t ju s t C a n a d ia n w h o d o n ’t k n o w w h e n th e y ’re
scho ol c h ild r e n w h o fe e l th a t w e ll off. T h e n y o u ’re s ta rtle d to
w a y , R o w a n added, w a s in d i­ re a liz e i t can fla re u p in a c o n ­
ca te d w h e n a T o ro n to m o v ie s e rv a tiv e c o u n try lik e Canada,
a u d ie n c e che ere d th e f a ilu r e o f a n d fla re u p w it h en o u g h h e a t
a U.S. V a n g u a rd m is s ile d u r in g to p u t a p o litic a l p a r ty in p o w ­
th e f r a n t ic days w h e n th e s c ie n ­ e r.”
tis ts a t Cape C a n a v e ra l w e re
" D o n 't take us fo r g ran ted ,"
said an O n ta rio businessman.
s t r iv in g to d u p lic a te th e S o v ie t
fe a t.
"Y o u did th a t in Cuba — re ­
m em ber?"
T h e satisfaction at U .S. m ili­
ta r y - technological
setbacks
R o w a n says, “ I t w o u ld be s illy
goes deeper th an being ir r ia n d s e n s a tio n a l to say th e re is a
tated b y arrogance. A p a rt
d a n g e r o f a ‘C u b a to th e n o r th ’
fro m the "slights and insults,"
in e ith e r th e n e a r o r d is ta n t
says R o w an , Canadians feel fu t u r e . ”
" th a t U.S. d ip lo m atic boners
“ Y e t,” he adds, “ i t w o u ld be
could in v o lv e C anada in a w a r
jo u r n a lis tic m a lfe a sa n ce n o t to
C anada doesn't w a n t."
pass a lo n g th is c o m m e n t b y a
U.S. d o m in a tio n o f th e C a ­ n o te d fo r m e r C a n a d ia n , D r. J a ­
n a d ia n e co n o m y p ro d u ce s r e ­ cob V in e r, p ro fe s s o r o f e co n o m ­
s e n tm e n t a m o n g con sum e rs as i c s a t P rin c e to n U n iv e r s ity :
w e ll as bu sinessm en. P e o p le
“ ‘O n e m u s t n e v e r u n d e re s ti­
p o in te d o u t to R o w a n t h a t a c a r m a te th e p o w e r o f a n a tio n a lis tic
m a y cost u p to $1,500 m o re in c h a fin g u n d e r re a l o r im a g in e d
W in d s o r th a n across th e r iv e r g rie v a n c e s .’ ”
The Second Amendment
Our Right to Bear Arms
By Carl Goodman
I w a s q u ite g ra tifie d to re a d
in th e M ilit a n t t h a t D r. L in u s
P a u lin g, e m in e n t p h y s ic is t an d
fig h te r f o r peace, re c e n tly r e ­
m in d e d a N e w Y o r k a u d ie n ce o f
th e Second A m e n d m e n t to th e
U .S . C o n s titu tio n .
T h is a m e n d m e n t, par t o f th e
B i l l o f R ig h ts , g u a ra n te e s th e
r ig h t o f c itiz e n s to b e a r a rm s
a n d to f o r m m ilitia s .
W h ile D r . P a u lin g sp o ke o f
th e a m e n d m e n t in c o n n e c tio n
w i t h th e A m e ric a n r e v o lu tio n a r y
h e rita g e a n d o f th e r e la tio n o f
th is h e rita g e to th e s tru g g le in
A sia, A f r ic a a n d L a t in A m e ric a
a g a in s t
c o lo n ia lis m
to d a y ,
I
t h in k th is p o r tio n o f th e B i l l o f
R ig h ts has c u r r e n t a p p lic a tio n
in th e U n ite d S tates as w e ll.
I t should be rem em bered
t h a t th e ten am endm ents com ­
p rising th e B ill of R ights w e re
added to th e C o n stitution u n ­
d e r p o p u la r pressure and in
o rd er to m itig a te th e a n ti­
d em ocratic ch aracter of the
C o n stitu tio n as a w h o le. F o r
th e C o n stitu tio n w a s d ra fte d
to consolidate an d p ro tect the
r u le o f th e w e a lth y .
O ne o f th e fe a rs e n te rta in e d
b y th e A m e ric a n p e o p le w a s t h a t
th e fe d e ra l g o v e rn m e n t w o u ld
icreate a s ta n d in g a r m y t h a t
f l i g h t be used e ith e r to la u n c h
w a rs o f b e n e fit o n ly to th e u p ­
p e r classes o r to im p o se a m i l i t ­
H o w e v e r, C ongress d id n o t
a r y d ic ta to rs h ip a t h o m e — o r
p r o v id e f o r g o v e rn m e n t issue o f
b o th ,
a rm s o r f o r fin a n c in g o f m ilit a r y
H a m ilto n 's E x p la n a tio n
tr a in in g , so t h a t th e A c t o f 1792
T h e S econd A m e n d m e n t w as re m a in e d v ir t u a lly a dead le tte r.
d e vise d as a p o p u la r ch e ck on I t w as re p e a le d a t th e t u r n o f
such a s ta n d in g m ilit a r y e sta b ­ th is
c e n tu ry ,
s im u lta n eo u sly
lis h m e n t. E x p la in in g th e p u r ­ w it h th e ra p id d e v e lo p m e n t o f
pose o f th e a m e n d m e n t, A le x a n ­ th e s ta n d in g m ilit a r y e s ta b lis h ­
d e r H a m ilto n , a c h ie f a rc h ite c t m e n t w h ose h e a d q u a rte rs to d a y
o f th e C o n s titu tio n , w ro te in th e is th e P e n ta g o n .
F e d e ra lis t t h a t “ . . . i f c irc u m ­
T his m ilita ry establishm ent,
stances s h o u ld a t a n y tim e
w h ic h devours u p w a rd of $40
o b lig e th e g o v e rn m e n t to fo r m
b illio n a ye ar, is to ta lly out of
an a rm y o f a n y m a g n itu d e , th a t
th e control of th e A m eric an
a r m y can n e v e r be fo rm id a b le to
people. I t serves th e needs of
th e lib e rtie s o f th e p e o p le w h ile
b ig business exclu sively. T h e
th e re is a la rg e b o d y o f c itiz e n s ,
Pentagon brass represent the
l i t t l e i f a t a ll in f e r io r to th e m in
p rim e th re a t to dem ocratic
d is c ip lin e an d th e use o f arm s,
rights at hom e and constitute
w h o sta n d re a d y to d e fe n d t h e ir
the chief menace to the peace
co m m o n r ig h ts .”
of th e w o rld .
W a lte r M illis quotes this
M ig h t i t n o t th e re fo re be in
passage fro m H a m ilto n in his
o rd e r f o r th e A m e ric a n w o r k in g
book.
Arms
and
Men
(av ailab le in pocketbook e d i­ p e o p le to fin d a w a y to re a c tiv ­
ate
th e
Second A m e n d m e n t
tio n ), and speaks of i t as a
( w ith o u t th e r a c ia l d is c r im in a ­
"curious in tim a tio n th a t the
tio n o f th e A c t o f 1792, o f course)
tra in e d m ilitia m ig h t find its
to h e lp o ffs e t th e p o w e r o f th e
fu n c tio n not in assisting in the
n atio n al defense b u t in de­ u n c o n trp lle d m ilit a r y caste?
Som e 20 y e a rs ago th e S o c ia l­
fen d in g th e people fro m the
is t
W o rk e rs
p a r ty
p ro po sed
defenders w h o m the n ation al
govern m en t m ig h t have to l e g i s l a t i o n f o r g o v e rn m e n tfin a n c e d u n i v e r s a l m ilit a r y
raise. . . ."
P u rs u a n t to th e S e c o n d t r a in in g u n d e r th e c o n tro l o f th e
A m e nd m e n t, C ongress passed tra d e u n io n s, in c lu d in g spe cia l
th e M il it ia A c t o f 1792 w h ic h e n ­ o ffic e rs ’ schools. T h is p ro p o s a l
ro lle d “ E v e ry fre e , a b le -b o d ie d , o r some o th e r th a t give s e ffe c t
w h ite , m a le c itiz e n b e tw e e n 18 to th e r ig h t to b e a r a rm s a n d to
a n d 45” in a m il it ia u n it u n d e r f o r m m il it ia u n its m ig h t w e ll be
on th e o rd e r o f th e da y.
lo c a l c o n tro l.
L o v e of Jesus — O n C h r is t­
m a s E ve, Jesus C a n tu , a M e x ic a n -A m e ric a n , w a s fo u n d h a lf ­
s ta rv e d in an u n h e a te d d ir t- f lo o r
g a ra g e in D a lla s , T e x . I t w a s
fo u n d t h a t Jesus h a d been b o rn
o n C h ris tm a s E ve, 78 ye a rs ago.
H e w as s u r v iv in g b y c o lle c tin g
w a s t e p a p e r an d c a rd b o a rd .
M o v e d b y th e Y u le s p ir it, th e
c o u n ty w e lfa r e d e p a rtm e n t p u t
h im in a $20-a -m o n th ro o m and
g r a n d ly a n n o u n c e d t h a t w h ile
Jesus w o u ld c o n tin u e to p a y h is
w a y c o lle c tin g scrap , th e c o u n ty
w i l l c o n trib u te
w h a te ve r
a m o u n t he ca n ’t ra is e to w a rd
h is m eals.
N one of th a t Red S en tim e n t—
T h e te r m “ ju v e n ile d e lin q u e n t,”
use d b y “ s e n tim e n ta l m u d d le heads,” s h o u ld be d ro p p e d in
f a v o r o f “ te e n -a g e d b rig a n d s ,”
says se cre t p o lic e c h ie f J. E d g a r
H o o v e r.
F o r Segregated In te g ratio n ?
— G o v . A b ra h a m
R ib ic o ff o f
C o n n e c tic u t re je c te d an o ffe r b y
Kennedy f o r th e post o f A t t o r -
Thought for the Week
" L ik e the Russians, K a h n refuses to loo k upon a th erm o ­
n uclear w a r as the end o f a ll existence, or even as th e end of
n ation al existence. H e dem onstrates th a t even an n ih ila tio n is
fin ite and even A rm ag edd on must have a sequel. V ariou s
resistant strains m ig h t do as w e ll against ra d ia tio n as some
insects are doing against D D T ." — F ro m a N e w Y o rk Tim es
re v ie w of H e rm a n K ahn 's, "O n T herm o n uclear W a r."
n e y G e n e ra l a n d to o k th e S ecre­
t a r y s h ip o f H e a lth , E d u c a tio n
a n d W e lfa re . O ne o f th e reasons
t h a t le d h im to t u r n d o w n th e
o r ig in a l a p p o in tm e n t, a c c o rd in g
to N e w Y o r k T im e s c o rre s p o n d ­
e n t Jam es R eston, w as th a t he
f e lt t h a t “ a C a th o lic P re s id e n t
s h o u ld n o t use a J e w is h A t t o r ­
n e y G e n e ra l to fo rc e th e N e ­
groes in to th e w h ite P ro te s ta n t
schools o f th e S o u th .”
business p a rtn e r. T o h im th e
C h ris tia n e th ic is n o t o n ly h a l­
lo w e d b u t p ro fita b le . I t is ju s t
th e r ig h t th in g f o r tra d e .”
H e O n ly W o rks T h e re— T h e re
w as
som e p u b lic
g r u m b lin g
w h e n th e m e m b e rs o f a C a th o lic
c h u rc h in J e rs e y C ity w e re in ­
fo rm e d b y th e p a ris h p rie s t th a t
th e y w o u ld be e x p e c te d to c o n ­
t r ib u te te n p e r c e n t o f t h e ir
in c o m e to th e c h u rc h . R ev. J o h n
P. W e ig a n d re p lie d t h a t w h ile
Robinson Crusoe — W r it in g th e p la n w a s “ n o t o p tio n a l” i t
in th e N e w Y o r k T im e s o n th e also w as n o t c o m p u ls o ry . B e ­
te rc e n te n a ry o f th e b ir t h o f sides, he added, i t w a s n ’t h is
D a n ie l D efoe, c r it ic B ro o k s A t ­ idea, b u t “ G o d ’s p la n .”
k in s o n b la s te d D e fo e ’s fa m e d
n o v e l,
R o b in s o n
C rusoe. H e
Lab orato ries Breed Atheists?
p o in te d o u t th a t th e f ir s t an d S ix ty - fiv e p e r c e n t o f th e s tu ­
la s t se ctio n s o f th e b o o k, d e a l­ d e n ts a t S teve ns I n s t it u t e o f
in g w it h C ru soe’s e n te rp ris e s in T e c h n o lo g y in H o b o k e n h a ve
S o u th A m e ric a a n d th e O rie n t, g iv e n u p t h e ir re lig io u s b e lie fs
“ s h o w th e w h ite m a n s im u lta n e ­ because th e y co n s id e r th e m in ­
o u s ly c iv iliz in g th e b a rb a ria n c o m p a tib le w it h science, says
a n d f illin g h is o w n po ckets. . . . R e v. T h e o d o re S m ith , J r., c a m ­
H e [C ru s o e ] is fo re v e r a c k n o w l­ pus re lig io u s a d v is e r w h o m a d e
e d g in g h is g r a titu
tjuc
d e to G od, b u t a th re e -y e a r s u r v e y on th e
he regards God as a reliable q u e s tio n .
"There Should Be No Illusion"
The American W ay of Life
Accident on the Job
In d u s tr y a n d g o v e rn m e n t
h a ve g ro w n to g ia n t size in
th is c o u n try . B u t th e y h a v e n ’t
lo s t t h e ir souls. B o th s h o w
te n d e r co n ce rn f o r h u m a n s u f­
fe r in g — p a r tic u la r ly
w hen
som eone has fa lle n in th e lin e
o f d u ty .
H e re is an e x a m p le :
Ja ckso n E. M c V e y , 39, o f
H o u s to n , T exas, is an e le c tro n ­
ics e n g in e e r. U n t il D e ce m b e r
1957 he w as e m p lo y e d as a
n u c le a r te c h n ic ia n a t th e la b ­
o r a to r y o f th e M . W . K e llo g g
Co. O ne d a y in A p r i l o f th a t
y e a r he w a s re m o v in g p e lle ts
o f ir r a d ia te d m a te ria l fr o m a
c o n ta in e r t h a t h a d been s h ip ­
ped to th e la b o r a to ry b y th e
A to m ic E n e rg y C o m m issio n.
T w o o f th e p e lle ts d is in te g ra te d .
D e s p ite h is p ro te c tiv e g a r­
m en ts, ra d io a c tiv e d u s t s e ttle d
on h is s k in a n d clo th e s. H is
s u p e rv is o r w as als o exposed
to th e d e a d ly s tu ff.
F a m ily Exposed
U n a w a re o f th e e x te n t o f
th e e xp o su re he h a d su ffe re d ,
M c V e y c a rrie d th e c o n ta m in a ­
t io n hom e, e x p o s in g h is w ife ,
son an d tw o d a u g h te rs . " I w eigh ed 185 pounds w hen
it happened, I w eig h 135 now ,"
M c V e y to ld a St. P a u l D is ­
patch correspondent Dec. 21.
I n a d d itio n to loss o f w e ig h t,
th e re h a v e been o th e r s y m p ­
tom s o f ra d ia tio n
sickness
such as nausea a n d v o m itin g .
H e has u n d e rg o n e s u rg e ry f o r
th e
re m o v a l
of
cancerous
g ro w th s .
B o th he a n d M rs. M c V e y are
th re a te n e d
w it h
b lin d n e ss.
T h e y b o th h a ve w h a t are c a ll­
ed “ r a d ia tio n ca ta ra c ts .”
“ M y w if e ’s eyes are r e a lly
b a d ,” he said. “ S he’s h a d fiv e
changes o f glasses. N o w she’s
been r u n n in g a te m p e ra tu re
f o r f o u r m o n th s. D o c to rs h a v e ­
n ’t b e en a b le to lo c a te th e
tr o u b le .”
H is son, 18, is s u ffe rin g d im ­
in is h in g e ye sig h t.
O ne d a u g h te r, 16, has had
“ k id n e y in fe c tio n s o ff an d on
since i t h a p p e n e d .”
A t fir s t i t w as th o u g h t th a t
th e yo u n g e s t d a u g h te r, n o w
n in e , h a d escaped in fe c tio n .
B u t M c V e y says, “ W e h a d to
g e t glasses f o r h e r la s t m o n th .
A n d th e te a c h e r h a d to p u t
h e r b a c k in to th e second
g ra de . I t h in k th is is because
o f w h a t has ha pp en ed. She
can’t con ce n tr a te on h e r w o rk .
She gets v e r y e m o tio n a lly u p ­
set a b o u t t r iv ia l th in g s .”
T h e e m o tio n a l s tra in has
been h e a v y f o r th e e n tire
f a m ily . A t f ir s t th e y w e re
sh u n n e d b y frie n d s a n d n e ig h ­
b o rs w h o fe a re d c o n ta m in a ­
t io n .
L o y a l Boss
B u t M c V e y ’s e m p lo y e r re a l­
l y w e n t to b a t f o r th e f a m ily
in t h e ir tim e o f need. E v e n
th o u g h he c o u ld n ’t w o rk , M c ­
V e y w as k e p t on th e p a y r o ll
f o r n in e w h o le m o n th s.
T hen, he says, i t was e x ­
p lain ed to h im th a t his serv­
ices "w e re no lo n g er needed."
“ A f t e r t h a t I c o u ld n ’t g e t a
jo b a n y w h e re . P e o p le w e re
a fra id to h ire m e,” he said.
T h re e m o n th s ago th e o w n ­
e r o f a p h o to s u p p ly shop p u t
h im to w o rk . M c V e y says he
w a s th e o n ly m a n i n H o u s to n
w h o o ffe re d h im a jo b .
“ H e u n d e rs ta n d s m y p ro b ­
le m , I s t ill ca n ’t w o r k f u l l ­
tim e . I s t ill h a ve to ta k e th re e
o r fo u r days o ff a t a tim e .”
Savings Gone
T h e M c V e y s e s tim a te th a t
th e y are b e tw e e n $30,000 and
It Was Reported in the Press
A to m ic N ig h t S tic k N e x t? — A
p a te n t has been issu ed f o r an
e le c tr ifie d co p ’s c lu b t h a t w i l l
g iv e a p ris o n e r a “ h a rm le s s ”
s h o ck. I t ca n also be u sed as a
fla s h lig h t o r to a d m in is te r an
o ld -fa s h io n e d b e a tin g .
Monday, January 9 , 1961
M IL ITA N T
Coffee B re a k — T h e M in n e ­
sota S u p re m e C o u rt has u p h e ld
a sta te c o m p e n s a tio n a w a rd to
M rs . E m m a S w e e t o f M in n e ­
a p o lis w h o w as in ju r e d w h ile on
a coffee b re a k . “ W h e re an e m ­
p lo y e e s u sta in s an in ju r y w h ile
t e m p o r a r ily o ff th e p re m ise s o f
h e r e m p lo y e r, in e x e rc is in g a
r ig h t to o b ta in coffee d u r in g a
coffee b re a k g ra n te d to h e r as
one o f th e c o n d itio n s o f e m p lo y ­
m e n t, th e in ju r y arose o u t o f
a n d in th e cou rse o f h e r e m ­
p lo y m e n t,” th e c o u rt said.
Ju icier P o rk B a rre l — T h e
D e p a rtm e n t o f A g r ic u lt u r e w i l l
n o w p e r m it p a cke rs o f sm oke d
p o r k to a d d m o is tu re to t h e ir
p ro d u c ts u p to te n p e r c e n t o f
th e w e ig h t. T h e d e p a rtm e n t said
th e r u lin g w a s in response to
p u b lic c la m o r f o r ju ic ie r p o rk
p ro d u c ts .
A m eric an
Freedom — T h e
A m e ric a n H u m a n e A s s o c ia tio n
has p ro te s te d th e a n n u a l r a b b it
h u n t stag ed b y th e A m e ric a n
L e g io n po st in H a rm o n y , N.C.
T h e h u n te rs c o rn e r ra b b its and
c lu b th e m to de ath. P o s t c o m ­
m a n d e r J. P ie rc e V a n H o y r e ­
p lie d th a t th e H u m a n e A sso cia ­
tio n “ has no business t e llin g us
w h a t w e can do o r ca n ’t do. W e
s h o u ld e re d a rm s to d e f e n d
American rights and traditions.”
$40,000 in d e b t. T h e y ’ve used
u p th e m o n e y th e y h a d saved
f o r t h e ir son’s co lle g e ed u ca ­
tio n . N e ig h b o rs h a v e b e g u n
to h e lp an d p u b lic it y a b o u t
t h e ir p lig h t has b ro u g h t co n ­
t r ib u tio n s fr o m a ro u n d t h e
c o u n try .
O ne b r ig h t sp o t in th e p ic ­
tu re , says M c V e y , is t h a t his
son has
m anaged
to
get
th ro u g h h is f ir s t te r m in c o l­
lege b y w o r k in g d u r in g th e
s u m m e r, “ b u t w e d o n ’t k n o w
h o w h e ’s g o in g to g e t m o n e y
to go b a ck. . .”
M e a n w h ile , th e g o v e rn m e n t
has been g o in g a ll o u t to ta k e
care o f th e M c V e y s .
B o th M c V e y and h is s u p e r­
v is o r h a d file d n e g lig e n ce s u its
a g a in s t th e P h illip s P e tro le u m
Co. w h ic h op era te s th e re a c to r
f o r th e A E C f r o m w h ic h th e
d e fe c tiv e p e lle ts w e re sh ip p e d .
T h e J u s tic e D e p a rtm e n t r e p ­
re se n te d th e co m p a n y an d th e
A E C in th e s u it. M c V e y and
h is s u p e rv is o r lo s t a n d a re a p ­
p e a lin g to h ig h e r co u rts.
L a s t S e p te m b e r th e A E C o f­
fe re d to h a ve th e M c V e y s u n ­
de rg o d ia g n o s tic e x a m in a tio n
a t th e B a y lo r U n iv e r s ity c o l­
lege o f m e d ic in e a t th e c o l­
le g e ’s expense.
In terested D octor
T h e o ffe r w as d e c lin e d w h e n
M c V e y le a rn e d t h a t th e d ir e c ­
t o r o f th e co lle g e ’s ra d io b io l­
o g y d e p a rtm e n t, o n e o f th e
d o cto rs n a m e d b y th e A E C to
e x a m in e th e f a m ily , has r e ­
c e ive d se v e ra l g ra n ts fr o m th e
AEC.
M c V e y also says th a t this
same doctor had visited sev­
eral of th e physicians th at had
tre ate d his fa m ily and w a rn ­
ed th a t support of the M cVey's in ju r y claim s w ou ld
h ave a poor affect on progress
in t he nuclear field.
N o w th e g o v e rn m e n t has o f­
fe re d to send th e f a m ily to
th e M a y o C lin ic in R o che ste r,
M in n ., f o r fre e tre a tm e n t. B u t
acceptance is based on th e
s tip u la tio n t h a t th e A E C w i l l
h a v e th e r ig h t to m a k e th e
c lin ic ’s fin d in g s p u b lic i f i t
chooses.
T h e M c V e y s h a v e de cid ed to
acce pt th e o ffe r eve n th o u g h
i t in v o lv e s a v a r ie ty o f p r o b ­
lem s. F o r e x a m p le th e re is
w h a t w o u ld seem lik e th e r e l­
a tiv e ly m in o r p ro b le m of m o v in g to th e c o ld n o rth w e s te rn
c lim a te .
“ W e d o n ’t h a ve a n y w a r m
c lo th in g ,”
M cV ey
e x p la in s .
“ T h e y to o k a ll o u r c lo th in g
a w a y fr o m us a t th e tim e o f
th e in c id e n t.”
B u t w h o kn o w s? M a y b e th e
A E C w i l l use its good office s
w it h th e S a lv a tio n A r m y a n d
g e t th e m som e w a r m c lo th in g .
"A Model
Prisoner”
In
B e rth o ld
B r e c h t’s
“ T h re e -p e n n y O p e ra ,” J e n n ie ,
a p ro s titu te , con sid ers th e r i g ­
ged n a tu re o f o u r so cia l o rd e r
a n d m uses, “ I w a s th in k in g
a b o u t re fo rm in g . Guess n o t.”
W e d o n ’t k n o w i f R a m o n
R o s a rio is in
a
s im ila r ly
c y n ic a l m o o d r ig h t n o w , b u t
he h a d p le n ty o f reason to be.
R o sa rio w as sen tence d to
15 ye a rs in p ris o n in 1951 a n d
fin e d $11,000 on a c h a rg e o f
possessing a n d s e llin g n a rc o ­
tics. S h o r tly a fte rw a rd , th e
g o v e rn m e n t seized h is assets
on a ta x lie n le a v in g h im u n ­
a b le to p a y th e fine.
I n ja il, he w a s cla s s ifie d as
a “ m o d e l p ris o n e r.” H e w o r k ­
ed in th e p e n ite n tia r y shoe
fa c to r y a n d e a rn e d $35 a
m o n th .
L ik e a t r u ly m o d e l" p ris o n e r
h e w e n t w ith o u t ca n d y, c ig a r­
ettes a n d o th e r “ lu x u r ie s ” so
th a t he c o u ld p u t a w a y $15
a m o n th f o r a n e s t egg to s ta r t
a n e w lif e w it h o n h is release.
H e in v e s te d th e m o n e y in U.S.
S a vin g s Bonds f o r a g ra n d
to ta l o f $1,348.
L a s t m o n th , R o sa rio w as
e lig ib le f o r release w it h tim e
o ff f o r good b e h a v io r. H o w ­
ever, he k n e w he h a d th e $ 11,000 fin e s t ill h a n g in g o v e r h is
head, 50 he se rve d an a d d i­
tio n a l, 30 days to q u a lif y f o r a
p a u p e r's oath.
B u t w h e n he a p p e a re d to
ta k e th e o a th , an a ssista n t
fe d e ra l a tto rn e y
d e m an ded
th a t h is bonds be tu rn e d o v e r
to th e g o v e rn m e n t.
R o sa rio re fu s e d a n d w as
p u t b a c k b e h in d bars.
H e has 60 days to file a s u it
a g a i n s t th e g o v e rn m e n t’s
c la im on h is m o n e y. I f he
doesn’t th e m o n e y a u to m a ti­
c a lly goes to w a rd h is fine.
I f he does, la w y e rs ’ fees
w i l l p ro b a b ly ta k e th e b u lk o f
it. M e a n w h ile , R o sa rio re ­
m a in s im p ris o n e d .
O f course, th e re ’s an easy
w a y o u t f o r R o sario . J u s t sta y
in p ris o n and save h is m o n e y
lik e b e fo re . I n less th a n 90
ye a rs h e ’l l h a ve en o u g h to p a y
th e fin e an d s t ill h a ve a n e stegg f o r h is o ld age.
By Ralph Powers
“ N o t W h a t T h e V o ters E x ­
pe cte d ,” is th e p la in tiv e e d i­
t o r ia l w a il o f th e Dec. 25 is ­
sue o f th e W o rk e r, a n e n t th e
c a b in e t a p p o in tm e n ts o f th e
“ p e o p le ’s cho ice ,’' J o h n F it z ­
g e ra ld K e n n e d y . “ C a d i l l a c
H a n g o v e rs in th e K e n n e d y C a b ­
in e t,” rea ds th e m o re f o r t h ­
r ig h t c o m p la in t o v e r an a r tic le
in th e sam e issue b y p o litic a l
“ e x p e rt” A r t S hields.
W e h a v e been e x p e c tin g such
p la in ts fr o m th e lib e ra ls , la b o r
sta te sm e n
and
c o n s e rv a tiv e
heads o f N e g ro c iv il- r ig h t s o r ­
g a n iz a tio n s .
F o r th e y a t le ast
a re u n ab ash ed s u p p o rte rs o f
A m e ric a n c a p ita lis m
a n d its
t w o - p a r ty p o lit ic a l system . T h e
illu s io n s th e y sow a m o n g t h e ir
fo llo w e rs a re o fte n th e re s u lt
o f s e lf-d e lu s io n a n d th e y feel,
th e re fo re , g e n u in e ly b e tra y e d
w h e n th e p o litic a l angels th e y
s u p p o rte d f o r p u b lic o ffic e t u r n
o u t to be s c a rc e ly d is tin g u is h ­
a b le fr o m th e d e v ils th e y o p ­
posed.
B u t w h a t a re w e to t h in k o f
those w h o spe ak in th e n a m e o f
S cie n tific “ M a rx is m - L e n in is m ” ?
W h o c a ll th e m se lve s “ c o m m u n ­
is ts ” no less! W h y s h o u ld th e y
be s u rp ris e d , n o t to say d is c o m ­
fite d , b y th e fa c t t h a t th e c h ie f
p o litic a l re p re s e n ta tiv e o f th e
A m e ric a n c a p ita lis t r u lin g class
tu rn s o u t to be ju s t th a t?
L e t us le a v e aside, f o r th e
m o m e n t, w h e th e r i t ’s e ith e r
M a rx is m o r L e n in is m th a t leads
these devotees to be re p e a te d ly
c a u g h t b y s u rp ris e in a fie ld in
w h ic h th e y c la im to b e s p e c ia l­
is t s — p o litic s ! W h a t o f th e le s­
sons o f exp e rie n ce ?
H o w shall w e characterize
people w ho have been se­
duced and b etrayed so o ften
y e t each tim e w in d up in the
m idst of an o ther p o litic al
honeym oon o n ly to end b y
again y e llin g "ra p e !"
T h is has been g o in g on n o w
f o r 25 yea rs.
I t be ga n w ith
R o o se ve lt in 1936. T h e C o m ­
m u n is t p a r ty th e n bega n its firs t
v ir g in h o n e ym o o n , r u n n in g its
ow n
c a n d id a te
but
on
th e
c e n tra l slo g a n : L a n d o n M u s t
B e D e fe a te d a t A l l C osts! W h e n
R o o se ve lt d ie d a n d T ru m a n in ­
h e rite d th e th ro n e , th e C P b e ­
cam e th e m o s t a rd e n t s u p p o rte r
o f A to m -b o m b H a r r y . I t w as o n ly
a fte r th e co ld w a r w as la u n c h e d
in 1946 th a t th e C P b ro k e w it h
said. T h e b ig g e s t jo b s are s t ill
fille d b y re p re s e n ta tiv e s o f ag­
g re ssive m o n o p o ly in te re s ts .”
W h ile th ere h ave been some
slight concessions m ade "to
the p op u lar forces" in some
secondary cabinet positions,
says Shields, so fa r as th e big
jobs are concerned, "B ig B usi­
ness sits a t the w heel."
T h e W o rk e r e d ito r ia l w h in e s :
“ T h is is n o t w h a t th e v o te rs e x ­
pe cted. T h e m a jo r it y chose K e n ­
n e d y because th e y ho pe d f o r a
cha n g e .” T h e “ m a jo r it y ” w e re
fo o le d — o b v io u s ly . T h is is u n ­
d e rs ta n d a b le .
The
“ m a jo r it y ”
does n o t c la im to be scho oled in
th e science o f “ M a r x is m - L e n in ­
is m ” o f th e S ta lin is t v a rie ty .
B u t w h a t o f th e le a d e rs o f th e
A m e ric a n
C o m m u n is t
p a rty ?
W h y d id th e y c o n trib u te to th e
illu s io n o f th e “ m a jo r it y ” t h a t
th e e le c tio n o f K e n n e d y w o u ld
le a d to m e a n in g fu l change? W as
i t ig n o ra n c e o r s t u p id ity o r ju s t
p la in p o lit ic a l d o u b le ta lk ?
E v e n n o w th e C P a n d th e
W o r k e r w ie ld a w h ite w a sh
b ru s h on som e o f K e n n e d y ’s
d i r t y deals. T re a tin g th e c o u n ­
t e r f e it K e n n e d y o ffe r o f th e
p o s tm a s te r g e n e ra ls h ip to R e p ­
re s e n ta tiv e D a w s o n as good
c o in , th e W o r k e r e d ito r ia l says:
S T A L IN . O u t of his p o litic al
pipe came th e lin e, "L an do n
M u st Be D efeated a t A ll
Costs!"
T r u m a n an d .e m bra ced H e n ry
W a lla ce .
T h a t w as a s h o rt- liv e d h o n e y ­
m o o n ! W a lla c e , w h o h a d been
to u te d
as
th e in t r a n s ig e n t
p e a c e -fig h te r, cam e o u t in s u p ­
p o r t o f A m e ric a n im p e ria lis m in
th e K o r e a n w a r. T h e le a d e r o f
G id e o n ’s p e a c e -a rm y o f 1948 b e ­
cam e th e w a rm o n g e rin g jin g o is t
o f th e e a rly fiftie s . T h e n f o l­
lo w e d th e E is e n h o w e r h ia tu s o f
1952-60.
In the recent election it was
K e n n ed y w ho was tagged as
th e candidate w ho w o u ld be
m ore responsive to t he "peo­
ple's" pressure.
T h is
tim e
th e
honeym oon
en de d b e fo re th e g ro o m crossed
th e th re s h o ld o f th e W h ite
H ouse.
In
h is
c r itiq u e
A rt
S h ie ld s asks: “ W h a t d iffe re n c e
is th e re b e tw e e n th e K e n n e d y
c a b in e t a n d I k e ’s C a d illa c o u t­
f i t ? A n d th e an sw e r? “ T h e re is
l i t t l e d iffe re n c e in th e b ig g e s t
c a b in e t selectio ns. T h a t m u s t be
“ I t is s ig n ific a n t th a t K e n n e d y
f e lt i t necessary to a n n o u n ce
t h a t he h a d aske d Rep. W illia m
D a w s o n to becom e p o s tm a s te r
g e n e ra l. B u t w h y d id h e n o t
na m e a n o th e r N e g ro le a d e r w h o
w o u ld acce pt?” K e n n e d y d id n ’t
ask because he h a d no in te n tio n
o f n a m in g a N e g ro to h is ca b ­
in e t. O ne doesn’t h a ve to be a
g ra d u a te “ M a r x is t- L e n in is t” to
k n o w th a t — m o s t o f th e u n ­
tu to re d N e g ro p o litic a l C om m en­
ta to rs k n e w en o u g h to a r r iv e a t
th a t c o n c lu s io n ! (See a r tic le on
D a w s o n a ffa ir, page one.)
A n d w h a t lesson does th e
W o r k e r d ra w f o r its re a d e rs a n d
fo llo w e rs o f th e la te s t e x c u rs io n
in to th e s w a m p o f class c o lla b ­
o ra tio n is t p o litic s ? “ C e r ta in ly ,”
th e y n o w com e o u t a n d say,
“ th e re s h o u ld be no illu s io r i th a t
K e n n e d y re p re s e n ts a n d w i l l
c h a m p io n th e in te re s ts o f c a p i­
ta lis m a n y less th a n E is e n h o w e r
d id .”
T h a t “ c e r t a in ly ” is c e r ta in ly
p re c io u s ! B u t w h a t o f th e f u ­
tu re ? T h e a n s w e r is m o re o f th e
same. A n d so o ff th e y go f o r a n ­
o th e r w h ir l o n th e S ta lin is t
m e rry -g o -ro u n d .
Letters from Our Readers
For a Really
New Year
E d ito r:
E n clo se d is m o n e y to re n e w
m y s u b s c rip tio n to th e M ilit a n t
w h ic h is th e w o r ld ’s g re a te s t
ne w sp a p e r.
I w o u ld also lik e to w is h y o u
a n d th e S o c ia lis t W o rk e rs p a r ty
a v e r y h a p p y an d succe ssful
n e w y e a r. A n d m a y th e tim e
com e w h e n i t w i l l be a re a l
N e w Y e a r f o r h u m a n ity .
L .S .
Chicago
Danish Elections
Ed ito r:
A c c o rd in g to H o lla n d ’s n e w s ­
pa pe r, A l gem een D a g b la d , D e n ­
m a r k ’s r e c e n tly h e ld e le ctio n s
re v e a le d tw o o u ts ta n d in g p h e ­
n o m e n a n e v e r b e fo re re c o rd e d
in D e n m a rk ’s p o litic a l h is to ry .
O ne re fe rs to th e s p e c ta c u la r
g a in s m a d e b y th e S o cia l D e m ­
o c ra tic p a r ty w h ic h re c e iv e d
m o re th a n one m illio n votes.
T h e o th e r, w h ic h th e sam e
p a p e r de scrib es as th e m o s t
s p e c ta c u la r o f a ll, th e c a p tu r ­
in g o f 11 p a r lia m e n ta r y seats b y
a c o m p a ra tiv e ly n e w w o rk e rs ’
p a r ty , th e S o c ia lis t P e o p le ’s
p a rty .
T h is
new
w o rk e rs ’
p a r ty ,
w h ic h also c a lls it s e lf “ T it o is t ,"
is u n d e r th e
le a d e rs h ip
of
fo r m e r C o m m u n is t p a r ty le a d e r
A x e l L a rs e n . T h e S P P re c o rd e d
110,000 votes, n e a rly a ll fr o m
w a g e w o rk e rs .
A x e l L a rse n , w h o f o r 23 yea rs
he ad ed th e D a n is h CP, w as e x ­
p e lle d fr o m th e p a r ty fo llo w in g
h is re fu s a l to toe th e M o sco w
lin e .
D ir k D e Jonge
N e w b erg , O re.
Missouri Rebel
E d ito r:
I sa w a n d h e a rd F a r r e ll D obbs
o n T V once d u r in g th e la s t co n ­
te s t b e tw een th e tw o o ld p a rtie s
a n d I w a s g la d to m e e t h im v ia
T V . H e gave us m o re fa c ts in
15 m in u te s th a n b o th S m ilin g
J a c k a n d R ic h a rd th e W itc h K i l l e r ga ve us in t h e ir e n tire
series o f “ debates.”
I t ’s ju s t to o b a d th a t a ll those
“ u n d e c id e d ”
or
in d e p e n d e n t
v o te rs w h o f in a lly v o te d f o r th e
“ lesser e v il,” a n d th a t m a jo r it y
b lo c o f 40 p e r c e n t o f o u r
e lig ib le ’ v o te rs
who
d id n ’t
b o th e r to v o te f o r e ith e r one o f
th e o ld - p a r ty can d id a te s, d id
n o t h a v e th e o p p o r tu n ity to see,
h e a r and v o te f o r D obbs.
I do b e lie v e th a t i f he h a d th e
sam e p u b lic it y in th e press and
on T V as th e m a jo r p a rtie s a n d
h a d been on th e b a llo t in a ll
S tates D o bb s c o u ld h a v e w o n
th e e le c tio n . B u t th is is b e h in d
us n o w a n d th e b ig q u e s tio n is
w h a t w e can do in th e n e x t an d
subsequent elections.
I re a d O scar A m e r in g e r ’s o ld
A m e ric a n G u a rd ia n d u r in g th e
g re a t H o o v e r depre ssion , h e lp e d
la u n c h th e Io w a F a rm e r-L a b o r
p a rty , a n d h e lp e d th e P ro g re s ­
s iv e p a r ty h e re in M is s o u ri. I
am a “ r e b e l” a n d a d is s e n te r
fr o m th e ty ra n n ie s o f th e “ T oo
O ld P a rtie s ” a n d I a m p ro u d o f
it . B u t w ith o u t som e u n it y on
th e le f t I can see n o th in g th a t
can be d o ne a b o u t it . T h a t’s m y
b ig reason in w r it in g to yo u .
John L . W id n e r
Jacksonville, M o .
Backs China Stand
E d ito r:
I w is h to send y o u $5 o f w h ic h
$3 is f or a y e a r’s s u b s c rip tio n
t o th e M ilit a n t . T h e o th e r $2 I
a m g iv in g y o u as a C h ris tm a s
g ift., Y o u rs is a fin e n e w s p a p e r
a n d v e r y e n lig h te n in g a b o u t
c u rr e n t e ve n ts a n d in fo r m a tio n
on so cia lism . I n fa c t i t is th e
b e st p a p e r I h a v e e v e r read.
A ls o , I w is h to c a ll y o u r a t ­
te n tio n to an e d ito r ia l w r it t e n
in th e Dec. 24 S a tu rd a y E v e n in g
P o st w h ic h ” says t h a t P re s id e n t­
e le c t K e n n e d y is u n d e r pre ssu re
f r o m a s m a ll g ro u p o f n a tiv e
F o rm o sa n s w h o c o n te n d th e y
a re liv in g u n d e r a N a tio n a lis t
C h in e se d ic ta to rs h ip w h ic h th e
U .S . is s u p p o rtin g b u t w h ic h
w i l l go a w a y i f w e do th e r ig h t
th in g . So th e y w a n t us to r e ­
m o v e a cause o f w a r b y fo rd in g
C h ia n g K a i-s h e k to a b a n d o n
Q u e m o y a n d M a ts u . T h e e d i­
to r ia l also sa id th a t a N a tio n a l­
is t C h in e se sp o ke sm a n d e c la re d
th e y d id n 't w a n t a n y A m e ric a n ;
b o ys fig h tin g f o r th e m .
T h a t s h o u ld be p ro o f e n ou gh
t h a t d ir e c t U n ite d S tates in t e r ­
v e n tio n is n o t w a n te d b y e ith e r
C h ine se fa c tio n , th e C o m m u n is ts
o r N a tio n a lis ts .
T h a t s h o u ld also c o n v in c e
a n y o n e th a t th e S o c ia lis t W o r k ­
ers p a r ty is r ig h t , in u r g in g th e
U.S. g o v e rn m e n t to w ith d r a w
th e S e v e n th F le e t fr o m F o r ­
m osa S tra its , to re co g n ize R ed
C h in a as th e le g itim a te g o v e rn ­
m e n t o f C h in a an d to q u it s u p ­
p o r tin g d ic ta to r C h ia n g K a ishek.
R .A .L .
Ind ian ap olis
Monopolies A re
O ut of Date in U.S.
E d ito r:
Y o u m ig h t h a v e adde d one
p o in t to y o u r e d ito ria l (Dec. 26)
about
th e
e le c tric a l
tru s t,
he aded b y G E a n d W e s tin g house, s w in d lin g th e g o v e rn ­
m e n t a n d p r iv a te agencies on
so m e $6 b illio n w o r th o f goods
th ro u g h ille g a l p r ic e - fix in g a n d
rig g e d “ c o m p e titiv e ” b id s. T h e
p o in t is t h a t these m o n o p o lie s
d o n ’t r e a lly e x is t. I h a ve th a t
on h ig h a u th o r ity , th e g o v e rn ­
m e n t o f th e U n ite d S tates.
Last September Fidel Castro
to ld th e U N h o w U.S. m o n o ­
p o lie s b le d h is c o u n try w h ite .
H is charges w e re a n s w e re d b y
th e S ta te D e p a rtm e n t in a “ fa c t
sh e e t” t h a t w as s u b m itte d to
th e U N a n d w a s p u b lis h e d in
th e N e w Y o r k T im e s o n O c t. 15.
T h is is w h a t th e “ fa c t sh e e t”
sa id : , “ A s
fo r
‘m o n o p o lie s ,’
U n ite d S tates in d u s trie s a re f o r ­
b id d e n b y la w fr o m e n g a g in g
in m o n o p o lis tic p ra ctice s. . . .
T h e M a r x is t id e a o f ‘m o n o p o lie s ’
a p p lie d to th e U n ite d S tates is
a h u n d re d y e a rs o u t o f d a te .”
H .C .
N e w a rk
Plaque for Truman
Ed ito r:
F u r th e r c o m m e n t on th e T r u m a n - M a c A r th u r b r u ly ie .
A f t e r M a c A r th u r sa id th e re
w a s no need to d ro p those a to m
bo m bs o n H iro s h im a a n d N a ­
g a sa ki, th e re p o rte rs asked T r u ­
m a n w h a t h is c o m rfie n t m ig h t
be. T ru m a n sna pp ed b a c k :
“ I h a v e no f u r t h e r c o m m e n t.
H is to r y w i l l ta k e care of th a t.”
M y s u g g e stio n f o r th e b ro n z e
p la q u e :
“ T R U M A N — Dem o­
c ra tic p re s id e n t o f th e U n ite d
States.* F ir s t r u le r to use n u ­
c le a r w e a p o n s on h u m a n b e in g s;
also re s p o n s ib le f o r s ta r tin g
H -b o m b ra ce .”
O .T . Road
N e w Y o rk
Finds Dieting
Isn't Easy
E d ito r:
,
A n e n t y o u r e x p o su re o f th e
“ 900 C a lo rie D ie t” in a re c e n t
issue o f th e M ilit a n t , I w as
s o m e w h a t u n h a p p y , as I ha d
com e to lik e th e s tu ff. B u t I
guess y o u w e re r ig h t. I sa w in
th e p a pe rs th a t th e F e d e ra l
F o o d a n d D ru g A d m in is tr a tio n
seized 6,345 p o u n d s o f th e m ix e s
on charges o f fa ls e la b e lin g .
A
c h o c o la te -fla v o re d
“ 900
c a lo rie fo o d c o n c e n tra te ” c o n ­
ta in e d 48 p e r c e n t less p ro te in
th a n its la b e l d e c la re d a n d 22
p e r c e n t m o re fa t.
A v a n illa - fla v o re d v a r i e t y
w a s n ’t m u c h b e tte r. I t h a d 21
per
cent
less
p ro te in
th a n
c la im e d an d 13 p e r c e n t m o re
fa t.
Ir o n ic a lly (or was i t d e lib e r­
ate?), the p ro d u ct was nam ed
“ W e y R ite N u tritio n a l H e a lth W e ig h t C o n tro l.”
The
a u th o ritie s
said
th e y
a re n ’t g o in g to p ro se cu te th e
co m p a n y in v o lv e d jn th e fr a u d
on th e p u b lic , ju s t p u t th e m on
no tice.
So I suppose th e m a n u fa c ­
tu re rs w i l l t r im som e o f th e f a t
o u t o f t h e ir “ 900 C a lo rie D ie t”
a n d a d d m o re p ro te in .
T h a t’s r e a lly th e A m e ric a n
W a y o f L if e a ll r ig h t. E v e n th e
re d u c in g d ie ts a re to o fa t.
O nna D ie t
Bronx, N .Y .