“Historyistheroadsignsonthejourneytothefuture.”
WinchesterHistoricSites
(AlphabeticalOrderonOldTownMap)
AmherstSt.NamedafterLordJeffreyAmherstinapproximately1758,whoreplacedLordLoudounas
commanderoftheexpeditionaryforcesagainsttheFrenchintheFrench&IndianWar.
BeemerHouse(110W.BoscawenSt.)BeneaththeexteriorcoveringsisalogcabinbuiltbySusanBeemerc.
1823.Herson,John,isthoughttohaveaddedthesecondstorylaterinthe19thcentury.Manylocalstructures
eitherencloselogbuildingsorareonthesiteoforiginalloghouseshereinWinchester.
BraddockSt. NamedafterSirEdwardBraddock,theBritishleaderoftheexpeditionaryforceagainsttheFrench
intheFrench&IndianWar.BraddockwasseverelywoundedanddiedwithyoungGeorgeWashingtonathisside
atFortDuquesne(modernPittsburgh)in1755.
BoscawenSt. NamedafterBritishAdmiralEdwardBoscawen,whosailedtothecoloniestopreyuponFrench
shipsreinforcingforceshereduringtheFrench&IndianWar.FormanyyearsthestreetwascalledWaterSt.due
tothefrequencyofthetownruntofloodit.Finallyin1926itwasrestoredtoitsoriginalname,Boscawen.
CannonBallHouse(229S.LoudounStreet.)Theprevioushouseonthespottookacannonballthroughit
duringtheUnionoccupationin1862.EitherasadangerousprankorerrantordinancefromStarFortmorethana
mileaway,thecannonballpassedcompletelythroughthehouseandembeddedinthestreet.You’llfindamarker
andembeddedcannonballaroundthecornerinthesouthwallofwhatisnowanItalianrestaurant.Here’san
accountbyWilliamRussellwhoheardthestoryfromtheunharmedoccupant:“Theballstruckthehouseat4:45a.m.
Monday,Aug.18,1862.Itpassedcompletelythroughthehouse,enteringthroughthenorthwallandpassingthroughthesouthwall.
TheballcametorestinCliffordSt.Aneighborwhoattemptedtopickitupburnedhishands.Mr.Connorpickeditupwithashovel
andabucketandhaditplacedinthewallwhenitwasrepaired.”
CameronSt. NamedafterLordThomasFairfax,SixthBaronofCameron.Hiscryptisinthesmallcourtyardnext
totheChristEpiscopalChurchonWBoscawen&SWashingtonStreets.LordThomaswasthesonofthefifth
BaronofCameron,whoreceivedtheoriginallandgrantbyKingCharlesIIin1664,throughmarriagetoCatherine,
thedaughterofLordAlexanderCulpeper.Henevercametothecoloniesalthoughhissondid.Thegrantcovered
allthelandfromtheheadwaters(headsprings)ofboththePotomacandRappahannockriverstotheir
convergencewiththeChesapeakeBay.Astaggeringterritoryofover5millionacres!Theheadwatersofthe
PotomacweremarkedwitharockwhichcanyetbeseeninWesternMarylandnearthestatelinewithWest
Virginiawhensurveyedin1746byThomasLewis.
CecilSt.
NamedafterCecilSt.inLondon,whichisnamedafterLordSirWilliamCecil(1520‐1590),
SecretaryofStateandLordTreasurerunderQueenElizabeth..
CivilWarMuseumTheOldCourtHouseCivilWarMuseumisahistoricbuildingwithgraffitifromboth
NorthernandSouthernsoldierswhichalsohousesanationallyrecognizedcollectionofover3,000CivilWar
artifacts.SituatedontheLoudounStreetWalkingMallinOldTown,thisGeorgianstylecourthousewasusedasa
hospital,barracksandprisonbybothsidesduringtheWar.Admissionischargedanddiscountsgiventoseniors,
military,andstudentswithID.
HoursofOperation:SUMMERHOURS‐May1throughOctober31MONDAYTHROUGHSATURDAY:10:00a.m.to
5:00p.m.;SUNDAY:1:00p.m.to5:00p.m.;WINTERHOURS‐November1throughApril30WEDNESDAY
THROUGHSATURDAY:10:00a.m.to5:00p.m.;SUNDAY:1:00p.m.to5:00p.m.
CityStoryMarkerInterpretivemarkerexplainingthebeginningofthecommunity.Adocumented1738
memoirofa“Mrs.Sperry”describesthefirstsettlementastwologcabinsoneithersideofTownRuninhabitedby
Germanfamilies.Col.JamesWoodfoundedthefirstsettlementasFrederickTownin1744,whichinlessthan10
1 years,becauseofcollaborationwithLordThomasFairfax,becameWinchesterin1752afterWinchester,England,
(Wood’splaceoforigin).
CliffordSt.NamedafterFirstBaronThomasClifford(1630‐1673),advisorandLordTreasurerofKingCharles
II.ThereisalsoastreetinLondonnamedafterhim.
CorkSt.
ThoughttobenamedafterCorkStreetintheWestEndofLondon,whichconnectsCliffordSt.and
BurlingtonGardens.
CourthouseTheOldCourtHousewasbuiltin1840toservethecitizensofWinchesterandFrederickCounty.It
wasconstructedonthesiteofthe1741courthousewhichwasthefirstcourthousebeyondtheBlueRidge
Mountains.LocalcitizenWilliamGreenwayRussell(1800‐1891)describedthescenefromearlytimes:“The
courthousesquarewasenclosedwithpostsandrails.Inthecenteroftheyardstood“BlackBetty”,thewhippingpostandalsothe
Pillorywithaplatform;belowandsometenfeetup,therewasanotherplatformandPillory.”
DuringtheWarBetweentheStates,thebuildingservedasahospitalandprison.Aroundthecourtlawnwasan
ironfenceinwhichbothUnionandConfederatePOWsweredetained,asweknowfromsketchesanddiariesofthe
period.Winchesterchangedhandsover69‐99timesduringthewaraccordingtowhateverhistorianorexpertone
wishestobelieve;sometimesseveraltimesinthesameday.Itisn’tlikelythatanyonekeptanactualcount,butitis
knowntobemanytimes.We’retalkingtheCivilWar,WarBetweentheStates,WarofNorthernAggression,War
forSouthernIndependenceorwhateveronewishestouseasreferencetoanextremely,cruelandbloodyperiodof
ourcountry.(OnemustrememberWinchesterwasdirectlyinvolvedintheFrench&IndianWar,The
RevolutionaryWar,andtheWarof1812,considerablybeforethewarin1861‐1865,makingante‐belluma
somewhatconfusingdesignationhere.)Thereweren’tbattlesinvolvedwitheachCivilWarchange.Mostchanges
occurredwhenonesideortheotherfounditspositionuntenableandstrategicallywithdrew(“fled”)
Since the town was the shipping point for goods and supplies from the upper Shenandoah Valley and the B&O
railroadhubfromthenorth,itwasanexceptionallystrategicplacetobotharmies.ToparaphrasewhatThomas
“Stonewall”JacksonsaidoftheShenandoahValleyisthathewhowinsthevalleywinsthewar.AlthoughJackson
waskilledbeforetheend,Gen.PhillipSheridanalongwiththehelpofCol.ArmstrongCustertookthevalleyafter
the Battle of Cedar Creek (a huge re‐enactment held 15 miles south of Winchester annually in October on the
preservedbattlefield),andtheUnionultimatelywonthewarfromabarefootandstarvingConfederatearmy.
DanielMorganMemorial“TheAmericanfrontiermovementproducedfewindividualsaspicturesqueasDaniel
Morgan,”writesProfessorDonHigganbothaminhisbiographyoftheman.Yes,“OleMorgan”asheusedtoliketo
refertohimself,wasone,rough,tough,brawling,uncouth,uneducatedfrontiersman,butundoubtedlyagreat
leaderandfighter,justwhatourbuddingcountryrequiredatthetime.Initiallyhewasawagonerontheill‐fated
campaignofLordBraddockandhisaide‐de‐campGeorgeWashington,butlaterbecameaBrigadierGeneralinthe
RevolutionaryWarandarighthandmanofGeorgeWashington.Hewasarough,toughfrontiersmanbyall
accountsandwasresponsiblefororiginatingtheMorganRiflemen(orRaiders),crackmarksmenfromthe
Winchester/FrederickCountyareausingIndiantactics,whichwasoneofthefirstgroupsofmilitiatojoin
Washingtoninthefightforindependence.HewastheheroofSaratogaandCowpensandwasveryegalitarianin
hisviewsaboutthings.Forinstance,hebelievedgentlemenofficershadtherighttodieaswellastheirmen,which
wasextremelyadversetotheBritishcodeofmilitarychivalry!!HishomeinWinchesterisviewabletwoblocks
westofthePedestrianMallat226AmherstSt.Healsohadafarm,Saratoga,about12milessoutheastof
WinchesternearBoyce.
DiscoveryMuseumToignitecreativity,sparkcuriosityandinspirelearninginvisitorsofALLages,but
ESPECIALLYINCHILDREN,byprovidingarichvarietyofinteractivehands‐onexhibitsandprogramsfocusingon
science,mathematics,humanitiesandtheartsisthegoalofthemuseum.It’samust“DO”experienceforyoung
visitorsanytimeandoften!ThemuseumworkswiththeAssociationofChildren’sMuseums,Associationof
Science‐TechnologyCenters,andtheVirginiaAssociationofMuseums.Itissponsoredbynumerousareacorporate
donorsandprivatedonations.Anadmissionfeeischarged,butchildrenundertwoareFREE.Themuseumis
slatedtomovetoanewlyrenovatedlocationat19W.CorkStreetinthenearfuture.
2 HOURS:Monday–Saturday
9:00AM–5:00PM
Sunday 1:00PM–5:00PM
Schoolorothergroupswelcomebyappointment.
DowdallHouse(21N.LoudounSt.)Thisstatelystonehouseisovertwohundredandtwentyyearsold!!!
Amazinglyitwasthepreviousstructureonthislotwhichholdsthemostnotoriety.GeorgeWashingtonlivedatthe
previouslogstructure,whichwastheinnofWilliamCocks,between1775‐1778.Documentationpreservedinthe
LibraryofCongressrecordsWashingtonandGeneralBraddockpaying5shillingsforlodgingatCocks’innin1755
and40poundstorentCocks’entirehousein1756.
ThecurrenthousewasbuiltbylocalmerchantJamesDowdallin1792.HewasmuchinvolvedintheMasonic
lodgeandservedasMasterseveraltimesfrom1768‐1785.HewasalsorecruitedbyDanielMorganforservicein
theRevolutionaryWarin1777.Thehousehasbeenrenovatedandbeautifullyrefurbishedwithinandcurrently
housesalawfirm.
EastLaneNamedforEastLaneinLondon,itwastheeasternboundaryfortheoriginaltownwhenJamesWood
designedthecommunity.Itwasanimportantthoroughfareuntil1870whentheB&ORailroadwasextendedsouth
toStrasburg.Therailroadright‐of‐wayimposedobstructionsasareyetcircumventedtoday.Sincetherailroad
onlyextendedtoWinchester,itwasacriticalshippingpointnorthforvalleywheat,flax,livestock,andother
commoditiescomingdown(yes,northisdown!)thevalleyinwagons.TheShenandoahRiverisoneoftherare
estuariesintheworldrunningsouthtonorth,makingWinchesterattheendofthevalley.
EdgeHill(315E.CorkSt.)Builtincirca1830(183‐years‐old)byRichardLauck,owneroftheRedLionTavern.
Ironically,theoldhomenowservesasarespectedsubstanceabusetreatmentcenterandhasreceivedadditions
forthatpurpose
FairfaxLn.TheoriginalnorthernboundaryofWinchesterin1752andisnamedafterLordThomasFairfax.
FeltnerBuildingComplexThishistoricpropertyindowntownWinchester,formerlyknownas9Court
Square,isacomplexofsevenbuildingssituatedonthefirstpubliclotssurveyedbyJamesWoodin1744,inwhat
becameWinchesterin1752.ThepropertywasadonationfromMr.WilburM.Feltnerin2011.Itsawmany
incarnationsovertheyears,hostingestablishmentsasvariedasthePalaceBar,lawoffices,thecountyclerk’soffice
andtheA&Nstore.In1994,Farmer&MerchantsBankPresidentWilburM.Feltnerannouncedplanstorenovate
the9CourtSquarecomplex.Theoverhaulofthepropertywasatwo‐year,multi‐milliondollarprojectthatbrought
amuch‐neededboosttoeffortstorevitalizeOldTownWinchester.
AmuseumisnowthecenterattractionoftheFeltnerBuilding.TheFeltnerMuseumincludesextensive
memorabiliafromtheF&MBank,aswellastheantiqueoillampcollectiondonatedbyMrs.HelenFeltner,andMr.
Feltner’sbeersteinscollectedintheirtravels.ThroughouttheMuseumarepaintingsandsculpturefromavariety
ofartists.TheseincludeoriginaloilsfromMortKunstlerandpaintingsbyJohnChumley,LynnBlakemoor,LeRoy
Neiman,JohnLeoneandDonBlack.TheMuseumisopenoneSaturdayafternooneachmonthduringtheacademic
year,orbyappointment.Admissionisfree.FormoreinformationabouthoursandvisitingtheMuseum,contact
ChristopherBeanat540‐665‐4553.
FeltnerInterpretiveMarkerInterpretivemarkerexplainingthebuildingscombinedfortheFeltnercomplex
locatedjustrightofthemallbuilding.
FriendshipFireHallOriginalbuildingofoneofthefourvolunteerfirecompaniesservingthecity.This
buildingservedformanyyearsbeforethenewfirehouseonthenorthsideoftownwasbuilt.
GlaizeHouse(112PiccadillySt.)Builtin1875byGeorgeGlaize(1827‐1896)whowasanofficerinthe23rd
VirginiaCavalryandservedthroughouttheentirewar.Hebeganalumberbusinessin1854andpasseditontohis
sonFredL.Glaize,whoresidedinthefamilyhomeandbecamealeadingrealestatedeveloperandorchardistwith
3 orchardsthroughoutthearea.HebequeathedthebusinesstohissonsFredL.GlaizeJr.andPhilipB.Glaize.The
familyisyetinvolvedintheapplebusinessamongotherthings.
Gen.DanielMorganHouse(226AmherstSt.)ThisimpressivedwellingonlyservedasBrigadierGeneral
DanielMorgan’shomeforashorttime.ThelanditoccupieswassoldbyMaryWood,widowofCol.JamesWood,
whoisatownfounder.PurchaserGeorgeNortonbegansouthwestsectionc.1786.Afterpurchasingit,Morgan
completedthehousein1800.Theprojectingbayofthebuildingwasaddedinthe20thcentury.
Morganwasaswash‐buckling,colorfulandtoughfrontiersmanthatbeganhismilitarycareerasawagoneronthe
ill‐fatedBraddockcampaignalongwithGeorgeWashingtonintheFrench&IndianWar.Helaterorganized
Morgan’sRiflemen,crackmarksmenfromthelocalarea,whichwasoneofthefirstgroupstojointhe
RevolutionaryArmy.Washingtonrelieduponhisbraveryandleadershipfrequently.Hedistinguishedhimselfin
battleatSaratogaandagainatCowpensdeliveringstingingdefeatstotheBritish.Healsoownedalargefarm,
Saratoga,southeastabout12milesofWinchesteratasmalltownnamedBoyce.
GeorgeWashingtonHotel.The“grand”GeorgeWashingtonHotel,builtin1924andrecentlyluxuriously
renovatedbyWyndham,isappropriatelynamedforthesixteen‐year‐oldsurveyorofLordThomasFairfax’s5+
millionacre“NorthernNeck”whowouldlaterbecometheFatheroftheNation.Itisundoubtedlythemost
convenientplacefromwhichtoseeOldTownWinchesterbecauseitisonthetourbeingontheNationalRegister
ofHistoricPlaces!AtTheGeorgeWashington,aWyndhamGrandHotel,thepristinebeautyoftheShenandoah
Valleyhastrulymetitsmatch.Withelegantmarbleflooring,soaringceilingheightsandtheoriginalfrontdesk,this
GeorgianRevival‐stylehotelstillhasalltheappealandambianceofabygoneera.Itoffersold‐worldcharm.Here
you'llenjoyeverymodernconvenienceatravelercoulddesire;thehotelwasfullyrestoredin2008aftera
thoughtful$30millionrenovation.
BesuretogawkatthesplendoroftheballroomwherenumerouscelebritiessuchasBingCrosby,BobHope,Betty
Crocker,“Hopalong”Cassidy,JackDempsey,LucilleBallandmanymoreinvolvedwiththespringAppleBlossom
Festivalmadeappearance.TheGWHstaffalsowillhappilydirectyoutothesitesofthistwoandahalfcentury
historicaltreasuretroverightaroundthecorner!Alsoaskfortheprintedhistoryofthehoteltofullyappreciate
thesite.Also,TheDancingGoat,anonsitefinediningrestaurant,offersbreakfast,lunchanddinneratmoderate
prices.
GeorgeWashington’sIn‐lot&Out‐lotWashingtonpurchasedIn‐Lot#77(c.1756)fromCol.JamesWoodon
thecornerofBraddockSt.andFairfaxLn.andanaccompanyingOut‐Lotaboutthreequartersofamileeaston
whatisnowNationalAve.,Route7,theoldBerryvillePike.Botharemarkedwithhistoricalmarkers.In‐Lotswere
approximately120x190feetandwereintendedfordwellingandbusinesshouses.Therewere80totalinWoods
originaltownplan.Out‐lotswereofahalfacreormoreandintendedforgardens,livestockandothernecessities
notsuitabletoagenteelsettlement.Itsurelyhadtobearevolutionaryurbandevelopmentplanforthemid1700s!
Whataconcept!Imagineatownwhichwasplanned,notonewhichjust“happened”;andthiswasthe“frontier”at
that!
George Washington’s Office Museum Documentation as to exactly who built this structure and when is
uncertain. Some historians believe it to have been used by George Washington from 1748‐1758 serving as his
officeasayoungsurveyorhereandlaterasmilitaryheadquarterswithhisbeingthecommanderofthemilitia.If
accurate,thehouseisabout265yearsold,atleastthecentralblockhouseportionofit.Itisrelativelycertainthat
Washingtonusedthebuildingashisofficebetween1755‐1756,whilehesupervisedthebuildingofFortLoudoun
wherehelatertookupresidence.ThehousecameintopossessionofAdamKurtzin1778.Kurtzissaidtohave
beenoneoftheMorganRiflemen,whofoughtvaliantlyintheRevolutionaryWar.TheKurtzfamilypasseddown
and lovingly cared for the building in honor and remembrance of George Washington until 1908 when the City
Councilpurchaseditwiththeintentionofpreservingitforposterity.
LocatedonthegroundsareacannonbroughtbyGeneralBraddocktoAlexandriaandamemorialstatuetothe
youngsurveyorwhostartedhisadultlifeandcareerrighthereinWinchester.Thecannonisonlyoneofthemany
artifactsdisplayedatthemuseum.(We’retalkingover250yearsagohere!)Thecurrentexhibitisentitled
4 “WashingtonandtheWest”displayingsomeofWashington’spersonaleffectslikesurveyingequipmentandascale
modelofthetownofWinchesterc.1755withFortLoudounlocatedprominentlyonthenorthendoftown.
Thebuildingisnowa“mustsee”museumrunbytheWinchester‐FrederickCountyHistoricalSociety.TheSociety
operates three museums in town: George Washington’s Office Museum, Abram’s Delight (OVER 250 YEARS OLD
AND PRESERVED), and Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson’s Headquarters Museum. The Hollingsworth Mill (built in
1833bythegreat‐grandsononeofthefirstsettlersinthearea)servesasheadquartersforthesocietyandhouses
some very interesting artifacts and displays. A circa 1780 log structure at Abram’s Delight is also on the tour.
Visitorsmaypurchaseablockticketforallthesesitesatanyoneofthethreemuseums.Price:Adults$10;
Seniors$9;Students(K‐12)$4;Family$20
ADMISSIONINFORMATIONforGEORGEWASHINGTONOFFICEMUSEUM
Season:OpendailyApril1throughOctober31
Hours:Monday–Saturday10amto4pm.Sunday:12pmto4pm
Admission:Adults$5;Seniors$4.50;Students(K‐12)$2.50;Family$12
Inquireaboutschedulinglargegroups.
Great“Waggon”RoadStandinthemiddleofthepedestrianmallandlooktothenorthandthentothesouth.
Envisionbison,deer,elk,wolves,mountainlions(“tigers”)andotheranimalsmigratingalongitsheavilyforested
route,forthousandsofyears!It’sactuallyhowitbegan.Throughtoday’swalkingmall,whichjustoverwenta
multi‐milliondollarrenovation,onceranLoudounStreet,FrederickTown’smainstreetin1744andlater
Winchester’smainstreetin1752.Itwasanimportantstopontheroadonwhichitisestimatedthat50million
people’sprogenitorstraveled.ItextendedfromPhiladelphiathroughPennsylvania,Maryland,andVirginiato
approximatelyRoanokewhereitsplitintoseveralroadstothewesternCarolinasand,mostsignificantly,west
throughtheCumberlandGap.DanielBoone(whosewifewasbornonafarmareajustnorthofWinchester)
traversedthisoldanimal/Indianpath,mostcommonlyknownastheWildernessRoad,toopenupcivilizationto
Kentuckyandthewest.OnlyasmallpercentageofpeopletraversedovertheBlueRidgetosettleinthevalley.
The“GreatWaggonRoad”hasseveralpartsandiscalledbymanynames.Since“Indians”usedthemillennium‐old
animaltrailstonavigatethewilderness,itwasearlycalledtheIndianRoadorPath,alsotheGreatWarriorsRoad
orPath.OthernamesusedinreferencetoitareTheWildernessRoadandTheGreatPhiladelphiaWagonRoad
amongothers.ItwasnotedonthehistoricJefferson–FryeMappublishedin1751(PeterJefferson,Yes,Founding
FatherThomas’Father,andJoshuaFry)asthe“WaggonRoad”extendingthrough“FrederickTownorWinchester”.
Itwasacriticalandwell‐usedroadduringtheCivilWar,andtodayitislargelytheroadbedforUSRoute11,andof
course,Winchester’soldmainstreet.
FewtrailsinearlyAmericaweremoreimportantthantheIndianroutewhichextendedeastoftheAppalachians
fromPennsylvaniatoGeorgia.Thetrailsbeganwiththemigrationofanimalsforthousandsofyearsinthe
ShenandoahValley,mostnotablythebisonorwhatweusuallyrefertoasbuffalo.(Yes,abuffalo,ormore
scientifically,abison.ThefamilyhistoryoftheHollingsworth’s,oneofthefirsttwosettlersinthearea,informsus
thatAbraham’sfatherwaskilledbyabullbuffaloonhisvisittoAbram’sDelightin1737!)Theaboriginalpeoples
adoptedthesetrailsaswaysthroughthewildernessforcenturies.ThisancientIndianRoadorWarriors'Pathwas
longusedbyIroquoistribesmanofthenorthtocomesouthandtradeormakewarinVirginiaandtheCarolinas.
Then,byaseriesoftreatieswiththepowerfulFiveNationsoftheIroquois,theEnglishacquiredtheuseofthe
Warriors'Path.After1744,theytookoverthelanditself.
Thegrowthoftherouteafter1744intotheprincipalhighwayofthecolonialbackcountry(perhapsthefrontier
versionoftheinterstate!)isanimportantchapterinthedevelopmentofthisnation.OvertheGreatPhiladelphia
WagonRoad,vastnumbersofEnglish,Scotch‐Irish,andGermanicsettlersenteredthiscontinentandclaimed
lands.Again,approximately50millionpeopleintheUScantracetheirheritagetothe“GreatWaggonRoad”,itis
estimated.
5 Theendlessprocessionofnewsettlers,Indiantraders,soldiers,andmissionariesswelledastheRevolution
approached."Inthelastsixteenyearsofthecolonialera,"wrotethehistorianCarlBridenbaugh,"southbound
trafficalongtheGREATPhiladelphiaWagonRoadwasnumberedintensofthousands;itwasthefirstpaved
(macadamized)roadinthecountryandthemostheavilytraveledroadinallAmerica,andmusthavehadmore
vehiclesjoltingalongitsroughandtortuouswaythanallothermainroadsputtogether."
HandleyLibraryTheHandleyLibraryopenedin1913andisprobablythebestexampleofBeaux‐Arts
architectureinVirginia.Itisamorebeautifulbuildingontheinterior,wellworthyourtimetovisit.Itfeaturesa
threestoryrotunda,interiorstained‐glassdome,exteriorcopperdome,historiclightfixtures,andglassstack
floors.LocatedinthebasementaretheStewartBellJr.Archivesthathouseacomprehensivecollectionofmaterials
pertainingtotheShenandoahValleyfrom1732topresent.JudgeJohnHandleyofScranton,Pennsylvanialeft
$250,000inhiswillto“...openaPublicLibraryforthefreeuseofthepeopleofthecityofWinchesterforever.”An
additionwasaddedtothebuildingin1979andacompleterenovation,designedbyDennisKowalArchitects,was
completedin2001.HandleyalsoleftmoneytobuildabeautifulhighschoolbearinghisnamelocatedatValleyAve.
andJohnHandleyBlvd.aboutamilesouthofthemall.
HollidayHouseTheoriginalportionofthishousewasbuiltin1797byWilliamHolliday,amerchant,wholived
inthedwellingformorethanfiftyyears.Hisgrandson,FrederickWilliamHolliday,wasacolonelinthe
Confederatearmy,losinghisarmintheBattleofCedarCreek(ahugere‐enactmentheld15milessouthof
WinchesterannuallyinOctoberonthepreservedbattlefield)in1864.Hewaslatercalledthe“one‐armedheroof
CedarCreek”andwaselectedGovernorofVirginiain1877.Hissonandgrandsonbecameverycapablephysicians.
Noticethe“glazedheaders”(theshinynarrowendofthebrick)usedontheoriginalwallsmakingthedivision
betweenthesecondandthirdlevelsquiteapparentonthenorthendofthebuilding.Yearsagoitwasavery
popularicecreamparlorandnowhousesarestaurant.
HopewellCentreFriendsMeetingHouseIn1776,HopewellrecordsshowthatFriends"nearIsaac
Parkins"weregivenpermissiontoholdameetingforworship.ThiswasIsaacParkins,Jr.TheymetattheParkins
home,called"Milltown"andlatercalled"WillowLawn."IsaacParkins,Jr.providedlandwhereameetinghouse
andgraveyardwereestablished.Centre(sometimesspelledCenter)Meetingwascompletedin1778.This
building,presumablyawoodenstructure,servedtheQuakersinWinchesteruntilabout1820.
In1816,RobertWoodconveyedtoSarahZanefourlots,whichnowcomprisethe600blockofWashingtonStreet
(Washington,Monmouth,StewartandGermain).SarahZanewasadevoutFriendwholivedinPhiladelphiaand
visitedWinchesteroftentovisitherbrother,Gen.IsaacZane,Jr.Whenshediedin1821,sheleft$1,000to
Winchesterto"purchaseaFireEngineandHosetobekeptinbestrepairwithmyaffectionandgratitude.",and
consequentlybecametheSarahZaneFireCompany.EventuallyitclosedandnowistheOldTownClubusedfor
civicmeetings.
In1817SarahZaneconveyedthefourlotstothetrusteesofCenterMeetingandanewmeetinghousewasbuilt
overthenextseveralyears.FriendsinWinchestermetatthislocationuntiltheCivilWarwhenthepropertywas
destroyed.In1870,theypurchasedalotonthenorthwestcornerofWashingtonandPiccadillyStreetsandthe
newmeetinghousewascompletedin1872.Thisbuildingstillstandsandhasbeenusedcontinuouslysincethat
time.
IndianAlleyDocumentationonhowIndianAlleyreceiveditsnamehasnotbeenfound.Localloresaysthatit
waseitheronceanactualIndianPathorbecauseitwasbehindtheinnswherethestablesexisted(andIndiansdid
notsleepindoorsbutratherwiththehorseswhenintown)thatitisagreeduponasthemorelikelymorescenario.
ItwasthewesternboundaryoftheoriginaltowndesignedbyJamesWood.
KentSt.NamedafterLeedsCastleinKentCounty,England,whereLordThomasFairfaxwasborn.Apartof
Londoniswithinthiscounty.
6 Kurtz&Bro.BuildingTheKurtzbrotherswerecabinetandfurnituremakes.Ofcoursebecausetheymade
casketsalso,theirestablishmentservedasamortuaryalso.Noticethefrontsouthwestcornerofthebuilding.Itis
reportedthattheroundededgeistheresultofnumerouswagonsscrapingitovertheyears.AlsonoticetheCivil
WarMarkeraroundthecorner.”?
LoganHousePerhapsthegrandestofalltheoldhomesistheLoganHousebuiltbyLloydLogan,awealthy
tobaccomerchant,inapproximately1848.Unfortunately,theLogansdidn’tenjoyitformanyyearssinceitwas
seizedin1863bytwosuccessiveUniongenerals,MilroyandlaterSheridan.LocaldiariststellusthatMrs.Milroy
demandedafinehomeofherhusbandifsheweretojoinhiminWinchester.Milroyconsequentlychoseprobably
thefinestofthetime.SecessionistdiaristMrs.HughHolmesLeedescribeditasfollows:“April7,1863:Mrs.Logan
andfamilyweresentsouthtodayaftermostoutrageoustreatment.Theywerenotallowedtotakeasinglearticle,excepttheir
clothes,noteventheirsilver.Beforetheydroveoff,Mrs.Milroyarrivedandtookpossession.”
Usingitasheadquarters,itwasfromthisbuildingthatSheridanbeganhislegendaryridesouth15milestorally
histroopsagainstwhatappearedtobeapotentialsouthernroutatCedarCreek.His“ride”wasimmortalizedin
ThomasBuchananRead’s1912poem,“Sheridan’sRide”.SheridanhadjustarrivedfromtheRemountStationin
FrontRoyalaftermeetingwithLincolninWashington,D.C.whenhewasinformedofthe“strategicretreat”at
CedarCreekontheBelleGroveplantation(ahugere‐enactmentheld15milessouthofWinchesterannuallyin
Octoberonthepreservedbattlefield).TheRemountStationinFrontRoyalisnowthesiteoftheSmithsonian
NationalZooExperimentalCenterwheredozensofspecies,nolongerfoundinthewild,onlyexistthere.The
centerisonlyopenonceyearlytothepublicbecauseofthethreatofharmtotheserareanimals.
LoudounStNamedafterLordJohnCampbell,FourthEarlofLoudoun(1705‐1782),whowasappointedCaptain‐
GeneralandGovernor‐in‐ChiefofthecolonyofVirginiain1756andamonthlaterCommander‐in‐Chiefofthe
BritishforcesinAmericaduringtheFrench&IndianWar.
MasonicLodge(118N.Loudoun)OnOctober1,1768,theProvincialGrandLodgeofPennsylvaniagranteda
warrant,orcharter,toanumberofMasonslivinginornearWinchestertoformaLodge,tobeknownas
WinchesterLodgeNo.12.ThiswasthefirstMasonicLodgeestablishedwestoftheBlueRidgeMountains,andthe
firstinVirginiatobedesignatedbyanumber.Thecharternamedthreemembers,whoweretobetheStation
OfficersoftheLodge,butatthefirstmeetingtherewerefourmemberspresent.Bytheoutbreakofthe
RevolutionaryWar,theLodgehad21members.
TheleaderofthemovementtoformaMasonicLodgeinWinchesterwasJamesDowdall(of21S.LoudounSt.),who
wasnamedCharterMaster.ThedateofhisarrivalinWinchesterisunknown,buthebecameaprosperous
merchantandimporterofgoodsfromEurope.HeservedintheRevolutionasa"Cadet"inCompany7ofDaniel
Morgan'sRegimentofRiflemen.MorganAlexander,amemberofWinchesterLodgeNo.12,wasCaptainofthis
company.ThisregimentservedwithdistinctionandwonrenowninthebattlesaroundSaratoga,NewYork.
TheWinchesterLodgedidsuggestthatGeorgeWashingtonbeselectedGrandMaster,butGeorgeWashington
wasaskedtobeGrandMaster.Herefusedbecauseofthepressureofotherbusiness(thiswasthewinterof
ValleyForge)andbecauseatthattimehehadneverservedasMasterofaLodge.However,accordingtoalocal
FreeMason,WashingtonlaterservedasMasteroftheAlexandriaLodge,asasittingpresident.AlsoPresident
HarryTrumanservedastheGrandMasterinMissouriasasittingpresident.UnionCaptainWilliamMcKinley
wasinductedintotheFreeMasonsimmediatelyaftertheCivilWarinabuildingnexttotheVirginia
NationalBank(186N.LoudounSt.)uponwhichisacommemorativeplaque.HelaterbecamePresidentofthe
UnitedStatesin1897andwasassassinatedin1901.AsthearmywasusingtheMarketHouse,thesemeetings
wereheldat172N.LoudounStreet.
Miller’sApothecary(107N.LoudounSt.)HereiswhereyoungGeorgeWashingtonwouldhavefilledhis
prescriptions!GodfreyandPeterMillerbeganthebusinessin1764afterpurchasingthetwo‐storylogstructure
builtbymerchantSamuelRea.EventuallybecomingMiller’sDrugStore,itstayedinthefamily’shandsand
operateduntilclosingin1992(249years!!).GeorgeMillerIIbuiltthiscurrentFederalstylebuildinginthe1800’s.
Thebuildingisknownas“theoldestcontinuingfamily‐rundrugstoreinAmerica.”Thefrontsectionwasaddedon
inthe1800stoanolderexistingstructure.Originalledgers,medicalbooksandsuppliesdatingbackto1806,are
7 currentlyhousedatShenandoahUniversity’sBernardJ.DunnSchoolofPharmacyforresearchanddisplay
purposes.Anelderlygentlemanintownrecallsthattheymade“thebestsundaesintown”..LocalwriterMac
RutherfordwritesinhisbookHistoricHauntsofWinchester(www.historypress.net)thatthebuildingishaunted!
MountHebronCemeteryMountHebronCemeteryisauniquecommunityinstitution.Itisacomplexoffour
adjoiningburyinggroundsembracedwithinacommonenclosure.Theoneandone‐fourthacresectioninits
northwestcorner(atWoodstockandEastLanes)isthecemeterythatsurroundedtheoldGermanReformed
Church.Itcontainsmarkedgravesdatingfrom1769.Inasmuchasthechurch(ofwhichnotraceremains)is
believedtohavebeenerectedabouttenyearsearlier,wemayconjecturethatthisspothasbeenaburyingplacefor
morethantwocenturies.
RevolutionaryWarGeneralDanielMorgan,southernConfederateCavalryheroTurnerAshby,hisbrother,
philanthropistsJudgeJohnHandleyandCharlesBroadwayRouss,whoin1891donatedthehandsomeironpicket
fenceerectedtoenclosethefourcemeteriesandin1902thelimestonetowergate,containingthesuperintendent’s
homeandofficeareallburiedhere.
Twenty‐twoyearsaftertheestablishmentofMountHebronCemetery,afourthcontiguousburyinggroundwas
dedicatedin1866amidsolemnandimpressiveceremonies.StonewallCemeteryisthelastrestingplaceforthe
bodiesof2,576Confederatesoldierswhodiedinthefieldsandhospitalsofthislocality.Some7,000to
10,000confederateandUnionsoldiersareestimatedtobeburiedinandaroundWinchester.Handsome
monumentshavebeenerectedherebyvariousStatesandindividuals,andeveryyearsince1866thegravesare
decoratedandappropriatememorialceremoniesheld.Itwastheexploitsinthisvicinityofthesevaliantsoldiers
andtheirleadersandthelocationhereofthiscemeterywhichfirstattractedJudgeJohnHandley,ofPennsylvania
toWinchesterandresultedinhisgenerousbenefactionstothiscity.AlthoughhehadneverlivedinWinchester,he
soughtandobtainedaplotascloseaspossibletoStonewallCemeteryforhisownlastrestingplace.
OldStoneChurchKnownhereastheOldStoneChurchforover150years,itwastheOldPresbyterianChurch
builtbymembersofthesectin1788.Itisover225yearsoldandwasabandonedin1834foranewfacility.The
OldSchoolBaptistChurchofColorandtheBaptistChurchofWinchesteruseditfrom1879‐1929.Localdiarists
tellusthattheUnionarmystabledhorsesinitandalsouseditforstoringarmsandexplosivesduringtheCivil
War.TwoofthegreatestfearsoflocalcitizensduringthewarwerethatUnionforceswouldfirethetownand
explodetheordinanceintheOldStoneChurchononeofitsmany“strategicretreats”!
OldTaylorHotelBushrodTaylorbuiltandopenedhislargehotelin1848onthesamesiteofapreviouslog
structure,theMcGuireHotelorTavern,occupiedfrombeforetheRevolutionaryWar.TheMcGuireHotelburned
down.TheTaylorlocateddowntownontheValleyPike(modernUS11),servedmanytravelersandwasabasefor
mailandpassengerstagecoachesfromatleast1850.General“Stonewall”Jacksonusedthebuildingashisfirst
headquartersinthefallof1861whilecommanderoftheValleyDistrict.FollowingtheFirstBattleofKernstownin
March,1862andtheThirdBattleofWinchesterinSeptemberof1864,thehotelwasoneofmanybuildings
crowdedwithwounded.AfixtureofWinchester’sdowntownthroughmuchofthetwentiethcentury,asatheater,
departmentstore,andtelecomcenter,thebuildinghasbeenvacantsince2004,anditsconditionhasdeteriorated,
especiallyafterapartialroofcollapsein2007.TheTaylorwastheheightofluxuryinthevalleyatitstime.
In2011,theEconomicDevelopmentAuthoritypurchasedtheblightedTaylorHotelwiththeintenttoreturnthe
buildingintoasuccessfulandcontributingmemberoftheLoudounStreetMall.Afterthemiddleportionofthe
buildingcollapsedinOctober2007,renovatingthehistoricstructureprovedtobeachallenge.Butaftermany
yearsofwaiting,thepeopleofWinchesterwillsoonbeabletoenjoythisoncevibrantandsignificantpieceof
Winchesterhistory.Throughtheuseofhistorictaxcredits,federalandstategrantsandprivateinvestment,the
City’sEconomicDevelopmentAuthoritybeganrestorationeffortslastfall.TheTaylorHotelbuildinghasalways
beenafocalpointontheLoudounStreetMall.Oncetherenovationiscomplete,itwillfinallybeabletocontribute
tothevitalityofthedowntownareawhileofferingaplacetodine,live,shopandrelax.
8 OrrickHouse(15S.BraddockSt.)ProbablybuiltjustbeforetheCivilWar,itwaspurchasedin1891byRobert
Orrick,aprominentAfrican‐AmericancitizenofWinchester,wholeftalegacyofcommunityspiritlastinguntil
today.Bornaslave,hebecameaminister,forcefulspeaker,successfulbusinessmanandrealestateownerafter
buyinghisfreedomthroughhisextraordinaryenterprise.HisliverybusinesscontractedwiththeFederal
governmenttodelivermailtoisolatedareas.WhenOrrickdiedin1902,hiswealthwasestimatedat$25,000
roughlyequivalenttomorethanahalf‐milliondollarsintoday’sworth.Hedonatedlandandbuiltachurchin
StephensCityandthelandforthepresent‐dayAfrican‐AmericanCemeteryonthesouthendoftown,Southwerk
andValleyAvenue.LocalwriterMacRutherfordwritesinhisbookHistoricHauntsofWinchester
(www.historypress.net)thatthebuildingishaunted!!
PatsyClineHouse/MuseumThePatsyClineHistoricHouseisontheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesand
theVirginiaLandmarksRegister.Patsyresidedherefrom1948‐57,longerthanatanyotherhouseassociatedwith
herintheWinchesterandNashvilleareas,andshereturnedtoitintermittentlyuntilhersingingcareerbeganin
1957.ThehouseservesasaproudtestamenttoPatsy'sloveoffamily.Herdevotedandinfluentialrelationship
withhermotherandtheirdriveanddeterminationlaunchedPatsy'scareer.Thehouse,furnishedwithsome
personalitems,appearsaswhenPatsyandherfamilylivedthere.Approximately,4½shortblockssouthofthe
MallonKentStreet.
Hours: April2–October31,2013(ClosedonMondays)
TuesdaythroughSaturday10:00amto4:00pm,toursscheduledevery45minutes:10:00am;10:45am;11:30am;
12:15pm;1:00pm;1:45pm;2:30pm;andlasttour3:15pm
Sundays1:00pmto4:00pm,toursscheduledevery45minutes:1:00pm;1:45pm;2:30pm;andlasttour3:15pm
Lengthoftours–45minutes,allowsforguidedtourandgiftshop
PiccadillySt.Namedafterthefamousmile‐longPiccadillySt.inLondon,whichisfamousforitsWest‐end
businesslocationsanditsEast‐endaristocraticresidencesandfashionableclubs.Incidentally,PiccadillyCircusis
notacircusasweknowitwithclowns,elephantsandsuch,butratheraroundedareainLondon(fromtheLatin
rootmeaningcircle)whichconnectsPiccadillySt.withothers.It’sverybusy,muchlikeTimesSquareinNewYork
City.AcommonjokeinLondonisthatifyoustayinPiccadillyCircuslongenough,you’llmeeteveryoneyouknow!
AlsothecodenamefortherendezvousofshipsonD‐Daywas“PiccadillyCircus”!!
PoliceStationBeinganindependentpoliticalentity,Winchesterhasitsownpolicedepartmentwithoffices
locatedeastofthePedestrianMalloffPiccadillySt.FrederickCountySheriffOfficeislocatedeastofI‐81offthe
FrontRoyalPike.Rt.522S
PostOffice22601AsmallPostOfficeismaintainedonthenorthendofthePedestrianMall.ThemainPost
OfficeislocatedonthenortheastcornerofBerryvilleAve.&PleasantValleyRoad,notfarfromWashington’sOut‐
lot.TheoriginalpostofficewasalogbuildingonthecornerofBraddockandPiccadillyStreets,presentlythesiteof
JohnHandleyLibrary.DuringtheCivilWar,WarbetweentheStates,WarofNorthernAggression,Warfor
SouthernIndependenceorwhateveronewishestouseasreferencetoanextremely,cruelandbloodyperiodofour
country,thePostOfficewasrunbyapro‐UniongentlemanfromMaine(federalemployee).Forsolelyhis
sentiments,theConfederateArmyarrestedhimandimprisonedhiminMartinsburg,wherehediedbecausehewas
inhissickbedwhentaken.Hisdaughter,JuliaChase,wroteadiaryduringthewarasanumberofother
“Secessionist”womenintown;however,hershadacompletelyNorthernslantunliketheothers.Sheisburiedin
Mt.HebronCemetery.
RedLionTavern(204&208S.LoudounSt.)Thishandsome,225+‐year‐old,well‐preservedbuildingwasbuilt
byPeterLauckcirca1783,amemberofMorgan’sRiflemenwhomadethehistorical”BeelineMarch”toBostonin
1775tojoinWashingtoninthefightforindependence.Lauckwasseverelywoundedbyacannondischargewhich
bursthiseardrumsandcausedpermanentdeafnessattheBattleofQuebec.TheTavernsurelysawmanynotable
figuresthroughoutit’stimewhichunfortunatelyarenotdocumented.Itisknownthatthenorthsectionofthe
buildingsawuseasatavernandthesouthsectionsawuseaslodging.PresentlythebuildingisownedbyNational
FoodProductCompanyInc.(WhitehouseApplesauce!!andproducts)whichoperatesthequaintCountryStoreto
9 highlightitsproducts.BesuretovisittoseetheinsideandthewonderfulStonewallJacksonportraitoverthe
fireplacemantle!
ReedHouse(35W.Piccadilly)Builtcirca1798byGeorgeReed,acoppersmith,whosebusinesswasinthenext
buildingonthecorner.Reed,anIrishimmigrantin1766,wasaprominentmemberofthecommunity,servingas
mayor,magistrateandtheHighSherriffofFrederickCounty.HewasalsoaveryearlyleaderintheMethodist
churchofWinchester.
RestRoomsPublicrestroomsaretobefoundonthesouthendofthewalkingmallacrossfromtheDiscovery
Museum.
RoussFireHallTheoldestfirehouseyetinuseintheCommonwealthofVirginiasaysthevolunteerfirefighter
historian,JustinBowers!TheCharleyRoussFireCompanyInc.isoneoffourvolunteerfirecompaniesintheCity
ofWinchesterVirginia.Roussprovidestruckcompanyoperationsforthecityaswellasvehicleextricationwhile
Friendship,Shawnee,andSouthEndprovideenginecompanyoperationsandEMStransports.Allequipmentand
thebuildingbelongtothevolunteers;thetownstaffsitwithpaid,careerfirefighterstoassistthevolunteers.Ask
foranamazingfreetourandallowyourselfatleastanhour!!Besuretoaskwheretheterm“fireplug”originated
andwheretosee“OldJake”.BEFOREWARNED,however,ifthere’safire,yourguidehasTOGO!!It’sabeautiful
oldbuildingmadepossiblebylocal“rags‐to‐riches”philanthropistCharleyBroadwayRouss,whoalsodonatedto
buildthecityhallnamedafterhimandthestructuresandfenceatMountHebronCemetery.
RuinsofOldGermanLutheranChurch(Mt.HebronCemetery)Builtinstagesbetween1764to1785,all
remainingoftheGermanLutheranChurcharetheseruinsafterburningdownin1854.Withtheirhighregardfor
education,thecongregationbuiltaschoolfirst,andheldservicesinituntilitcouldbuildthechurch.Thechurch
wasusedtohouseHessianandEnglishPOWsafterthesurrenderofCornwallisatYorktownintheRevolutionary
War.AsignificantGermanpopulationsettledinWinchesterduetomigrationdownTheGreatWagonRoadfrom
Pennsylvania.TheaccompanyingcemeterywaswheremanysoldierswereburiedduringtheCivilWarwithas
manyasfivetoagravesaysonelocaldiaristofthetime!TheoverwhelmingnumbersledtotheStonewalland
NationalCemeteriesaswellasMt.HebronCemetery.
SarahZaneFireHallTheSarahZaneFireCompany,theoldestfirecompanyinthehistoryofWinchester,was
foundedin1840andnamedforitfirstbenefactorSarahZane.BornandraisedinPhiladelphia,Sarahwasthesister
ofIsaacZaneJr.,animportantQuakerentrepreneurandrevolutionary.AlthoughfromPhiladelphia,SarahZane
spentagreatdealofherlifeasaresidentofWinchestermanagingIsaac’sestateintheareaafterhisdeath.She
diedin1821andinherwillleftWinchesterthemoneytobuyafireengineandhose.TheSarahZaneFireCompany,
whichwaslocatedatthenortheastcorneroftheintersectionofFairfaxLaneandNorthLoudounSt.ceased
operationsinthe1980s.
SherrardHouse(117–121S.LoudounSt.)Thisbeautifullimestonebuildingisover200yearsold!!Built
circa1788byRobertSherrard,amerchant,itwasbothastoreinthesouthendandaresidenceinthenorthend.
ThepropertyremainedintheSherrardfamilyuntil1851.ItiscurrentlyownedbyMr.andMrs.JamesRileyand
housestheiraccountingfirmandcapitalinvestmentfirm.
StonewallJacksonHeadquarters/MuseumThishouseservedasGeneralThomasJ.“Stonewall”Jackson’s
headquartersduringthewinterof1861‐62andisaVirginiaandNationalHistoricLandmark.Itisimportantto
realizethatoneviewsthebackofthehousefromthecurrentstreetduetothetowngrowingarounditsince
occupiedbyJacksonandhiswife.Thehousewasbuiltin1854byWilliamFuller.Eventually,itcameintothe
possessionofLewisT.Moore,aLt.ColonelintheFourthVirginiaVolunteersduringtheCivilWar.Heinvited
Jacksontousehishome.OneofMoore’sdescendants,actressMaryTylerMoorewasinstrumentalinthe
restorationofthehome.
ThehouseholdsthelargestcollectionofJacksonmemorabiliaandalsopersonalobjectsfrommembersofhisstaff.
ThemuseumhasondisplayJackson’spersonalprayertable,initialedprayerbookandotherJacksonfamily
artifacts.JacksonwasknowntobeanextremelydevoutChristian.ThemuseumhonorsthememoryofGeneral
Jackson’smilitarygeniusasGeneralRobertE.Lee’smostvaluableofficer.Hissincerity,fervorandvalormoved
10 men’sspiritstofollowhimagainstanyodds.GeneralJackson’sofficeisessentiallythesameaswhenheusedit
preservingtheessenceofatruesouthernhero.Incidentally,Jacksonreceivedhisnickname“Stonewall”attheFirst
BattleofManassas(BullRun)intheafternoonofJuly21st,1862.MeetingGeneralBee’stroopsretreatingin
increasingdisorder,headvancedwithabatterytoaridgebehindtheRobinsonHouseandtenaciouslyheldthe
positionuntilBee’stroopsralliedathisrear.“LookatJacksonstandingtherelikeastonewall,”wasthesentence
thatgavebirthtohishistoricnickname.BylegenditwasGeneralBeewhoutteredthesewords,justbeforehefell
adding:“RallyonVirginians!”
Visitorsmaypurchaseablockticketforallthesesitesatanyoneofthethreemuseums.Price:Adults$10;
Seniors$9;Students(K‐12)$4;Family$20
ADMISSSIONINFORMATIONforSTONEWALLJACKSONOFFICEMUSEUM
Season:OpendailyApril1throughOctober31
Hours:Monday–Saturday10amto4pm.Sunday:12pmto4pm
Admission:Adults$5;Seniors$4.50;Students(K‐12)$2.50;Family$12
Inquireaboutschedulinglargegroups.
TombofLordFairfaxLordThomasFairfax,SixthBaronofCameron,isinterredatChristChurch.Hiscryptisin
thesmallcourtyardnexttothechurchonWBoscawen&SWashingtonStreets.In1925hisremainsweremoved
frombeneaththefloorofthechurchtothecourtyardcryptafterrenovations.LordThomaswasthesonofthe
fifthBaronofCameron,whoreceivedtheoriginallandgrantbyKingCharlesIIin1664,throughmarriageto
Catherine,thedaughterofLordAlexanderCulpeper.Fairfaxnevercametothecoloniesalthoughhissondid.The
grantcoveredallthelandfromtheheadwaters(headsprings)ofboththePotomacandRappahannockriversto
theirconvergencewiththeChesapeakeBay,aterritoryover5millionacres!!LordFairfaxwasaco‐founderof
WinchesteralongwithCol.JamesWood
WilliamsHouse(25W.PiccadillySt.)Thisuniqueandgraciousbuildingwasbuiltcirca1845byPhillip
Williams,theCommonwealthAttorneyforShenandoahandWarrenCountiesandrepresentativeofShenandoah
CountyintheVirginiaHouseofDelegates.HebelongedtotheWhigPartyandopposedsuccession,buthewasyet
heldinFederalprisonasahostagebytheUnion.HisfirstwifewasAnnHite,daughterofMajorIsaacHiteofBelle
Groveplantation,wheretheBattleofCedarCreekwaswonbyUnionGeneralPhillipSheridanin1864to
permanentlyseizetheShenandoahValley.BothHitesmentionedwere“greatandgreat‐great”grandchildrenof
originalsettlerJostHitewhobrought16familiesfromPennsylvaniatosettleonOpequonCreeksouthoftown.
LocalwriterMacRutherfordwritesinhisbookHistoricHauntsofWinchester(www.historypress.net)thatthe
buildingishaunted!!
Wm.GreenwayRussellHouse(40S.LoudounSt)Thishouseisbelievedtohavebeenbuiltinabout1790,223
yearsago.Theexactdateisnotrecordedindocuments,buttheestimateseemsconsistentwiththeadjoining
structuresandarea.Allthatremainsoftheoriginalbuildingisitstwooutsidewalls.Theoriginalfrontandback
wereremovedsometimeinthe20thcenturyandreplacedwithconcreteblocksandafaçadenearlymatchingthe
originalstonework.It’smostnotableresidentwasWilliamGreenwayRussell(1800‐1891),amerchant,memberof
theCityCouncil,cityTreasurerandMagistrate,andalocalhistorianandwriter.Heisbestknownforhis1876
book,WhatIknowaboutWinchester,whichiswherewehavelearnedmanythingsaboutplaces,peopleandevents
here.
WisteriaHouse(101S.LoudounSt.)Originallybuiltcirca1789,thishousewasexpanded.IssacParkins,who
ownedOut‐lot#49onwhichmostofFortLoudounwasbuilt,alsoownedamillandseemedtodealinrealestate.
HeconsequentlysoldthisLoudounSt.in‐lottoWilliamRussellwhoenlargedit.Hisson,aveteranoftheWarof
1812,lateroccupiedthehome.Itisabeautifullypicturesquebuildingwhenthewisteriaisinbloom!
WolfeSt.NamedafterGeneralJamesWolfe,abrigadierunderLordAmherstinchargeofBritishforcessent
againsttheFrenchinQuebec.HewaskilledthereSeptember13,1759;however,QuebecwasseizedbyBritish
11 forcesafewdaysafterhisdeath.Hewasknownforhisheroisminthisandotherbattles.
ThisguidewasproducedbyLarryJ.Walters,amemberoftheWinchester‐FrederickCountyHistoricalSociety
in Winchester, Virginia. It was created for the education and the enjoyment of anyone in appreciation of
history in which we abound here in Winchester. Care has been taken to be as accurate and credible as
possible,butthisdocumentdoesnotpurporttobeapieceofscholarshiporatextbook.Itisavisitors’guide.
However,ifyoushouldtakeissuewithanyinformation,pleasefeelfreetoshareyourconcernsbye‐mailat
vawalters@hotmail.com.Wewouldwanttocorrectanyerrorormisrepresentation.Alsoifyouenjoyusing
it,pleaseletthehistoricalsociety([email protected])ormeknowpersonally.Pleasetellyourfriendsabout
ourlovelyandhistoricaltown,andbesuretosuggesttothemavisittoourbeautifulandinformativeVisitor
Center (www.visitwinchesterva.com) and the Winchester‐Frederick County Headquarters and museum next
toit.
12 226
N WASHINGTON ST
W CORK ST
W CLIFFORD ST
TOWN
21
1-199 S
S LOUDOUN ST
OLD
c. 1797
1845
SARAH ZANE
FIRE HOUSE
OLD TOWN CLUB
EST.1840
SPY MARKER
EST. 1768
OLD MARKET
HOUSE
E
B Y
GLAIZE
HOUSE
c. 1875
FAIRFAX
W I N D H A M
PARK
E PICCADILLY ST
MASONIC
TEMPLE
GEORGE WASHINGTON
HOTEL
N EAST LN
CONFEDERATE
CEMETERY
EST.1764
DANIEL
MORGAN
MEMORIAL
OLD
STONE
CHURCH
1788
NATIONAL AVE
MOUNT
HEBRON
PHILPOT ST
4 BLOCKS
RUINS OF OLD GERMAN
LUTHERAN CHURCH
MUSEUM
GEORGE
WASHINGTON’S
IN-LOT
PATSY CLINE
HOUSE/MUSEUM
S EAST LN
JACKSON HQ &
SITE OF WASHINGTON’S
FORT LOUDOUN
ONE BLOCK
N LOUDOUN ST
POST
OFF.
N CAMERON ST
N KENT ST
STONEWALL
NATIONAL
(UNION)
CEMETERY
CLARK ST
1840
1-199 N
ROUSS ST
PARK
S KENT ST
E BOSCAWEN ST
S CAMERON ST
REED
HOUSE
BAKER ST
HOUSE
MILLER
WM.
DISCOVERY GREENWAY HOUSE
CIVIL WAR
HOLLIDAY
MUSEUM
MUSEUM
RUSSELL c. 1789
HOUSE
HOUSE
FRIENDSHIP
CAPTURED
c. 1789
CIVIL WAR
FIRE HOUSE
CANNON
ROUSS
CITY HALL
BILLINGS ALY
E CORK ST
M A LCOURT
L
FELTNER
COMP.
2
LIBRARY
PARK
28
LIBRARY
N INDIAN ALY
MILLER’S
H
CITY
OLD
APOTHECARY
O
STORY
TAYLOR
EST. 1764
T
MARKER HOTEL
E
1836
L
107
MASONS
40
HILL’S
KEEP
RED LION
TAVERN
1783
W CLIFFORD ST
REST
ROOM
DOWDALL
HOUSE 1792
WILLIAMS
HOUSE c.
REGIONAL
GW
217-21
204
N BRADDOCK ST
N INDIAN ALY
WISTERIA HOUSE 1822
LOGAN
HOUSE
c. 1860
HANDLEY
W FAIRFAX LN
STATUE
BEEMER
HOUSE
c. 1823
PARK
CANNON
W AMHERST ST
S BRADDOCK ST
GEORGE WASHINGTON’S
HEADQUARTERS &
MUSEUM c. 1748
SHERRARD
HOUSE
c. 1788
CANNON BALL
ON SO. SIDE
ROUSS
FIRE
HALL
W BOSCAWEN ST
W WOLF ST
CANNON
BALL
HOUSE
ORRICK
HOUSE
c. 1830
CRYPT OF
LORD
FAIRFAX
PEYTON ST
CHURCH
G
W
HOPEWELL CENTRE
FRIENDS MEETING
HOUSE 1872 EST. 1777
W PICCADILLY ST
S WASHINGTON ST
GEN. DANIEL
MORGAN HOUSE