Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
Largest urban agglomeration or Capital city : NDJAMENA
Official language: FRENCH
Surface area (square kms) : 1284000
Population density (per square km): 8
YEARS
CHAD
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
2005
1995–2004
2005
2004
2003
2000–2004
2004
1997-2003
9 749
3.0
26
6.7
14.7
25.5
72
49
1420
...
738 083
2.2
38
5.3
11.7
60.1
70
63
2 074
44
YEARS
CHAD
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
2004
2004
2002
2002
2004
2004
45
48
40
42
497
422
Both sexes
2004
200
167
2004
2000
2000
2003
2004
2004
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
117
45
1100
197
60
22
869
443
156
131
85
8
7
24.0
4.1
18.1
7.0
22.3
22.8
1.8
0.1
100
43
910
313
53
28
800
404
144
133
59
10
8
26.2
6.8
16.6
4.3
17.5
21.1
1.9
5.6
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIOECONOMICS STATISTICS
number
annual growth rate
in urban
Total fertility rate (per woman)
Adolescent fertility proportion
Adult literacy rate
a
Population
(000)
(%)
(%)
Net primary school enrolment ratio
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(PPP Int.$)
(% with <$1a day)
Males
Females
Gross national income per capita
Population living below the poverty line
1998–2004
… Data not available or not applicable.
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
HEALTH STATUS STATISTICS MORTALITY
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth (years)
Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth (years)
Probability of dying per 1 000 population between 15 and 60
years (adult mortality rate)
Probability of dying per 1 000 live births under 5 years (under-5
mortality rate)
Infant mortality rate (per 1 000 live births)
Neonatal mortality rate (per 1 000 live births)
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
a
Both sexes
Both sexes
Females
HIV/AIDS
Cause-specific mortality rate (per 100 000 population) (Both
TB among HIV-negative people
sexes)
TB among HIV-positive people
Non-communicable diseases
Age-standardized mortality rate by cause (per 100 000
Cardio-vascular diseases
population) (Both sexes)
Cancer
Injuries
Communicable diseases
Years of life lost by broader causes (%) (Both sexes)
Non-communicable diseases
Injuries
Neonatal causes
HIV/AIDS
Diarrhoeal diseases
Causes of death among children under 5 years of age (%) (Both Measles
sexes)
Malaria
Pneumonia
Injuries
Other
… Data not available or not applicable.
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
47
49
40
42
519
465
Chad
Summary
Year Males Females
Population (millions)
Life expectancy (years)
Under-5 mortality (per 1 000 live births)
Adult mortality (per 1 000)
Maternal mortality (per 100 000 live births)
Source: World Health Statistics 2006
2005
2004
2004
2004
2000
4.8
45
212
497
Both
sexes
4.9
48
188
422
1100
Under-5 mortality rate (per 1 000 live births)
Chad, 2004
Legend:
WHO African Region
Chad
Source: World Health Statistics 2006
Under-5 mortality
Under-5 mortality: Estimated trend and MDG goal
Chad, 1980-2004
Under-5 mortality: Age-specific mortality rates
Chad , DHS 1997, DHS 2004
Source: i) WHO mortality database ii) World Health Statistics 2006
Note: rate for 5 years preceding the survey
Source: DHS 1997 , DHS 2004
Under-5 mortality: for highest and lowest quintiles
Chad, DHS 2004
Wealth/assets quintiles
Lowest
Highest
Under-5 mortality rates by wealth quintile
Chad, DHS 2004
Ratio
176
187
.9
Males
Females
Ratio
207
198
1.0
Urban/Rural
Rural
Urban
Ratio
208
179
1.2
Mother's education quintiles
None
Higher
Ratio
200
143
1.4
Sex
Note: rate per 1 000 live births for 10-year period preceding the survey
Source: DHS 2004
Note: rate for 10-year period preceding the survey
Source: DHS 2004
9.7
46
200
Causes of death in children under-5
Distribution of causes of death
among children under 5 years of age
Chad, 2000-2003
Causes
Total neonatal deaths
Annual estimated proportions of death
by cause for neonates
Chad, 2000
Deathsb
Regional
average
(%)
(%)
100
100
24
Neonatal causesa
HIV/AIDS
4
Diarrhoeal diseases
18
Measles
7
Malaria
22
Pneumonia
23
Injuries
2
Others
0
a. Includes diarrhoea during neonatal period
b. Sum of individual proportions may not add up to 100% due to
rounding.
26
7
17
4
17
21
2
6
Deathsc
Deaths
(%)
(%)
100
14
100
9
Severe infectiona
Birth asphyxia
Diarrhoeal diseases
Congenital anomalies
23
27
24
3
5
24
3
6
25
23
Preterm birthb
Others
7
7
a. Includes deaths from pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis/septicaemia
and other infections during the neonatal period.
b. Includes only deaths directly attributed to prematurity and to specific
complications of preterm birth such as surfactant deficiency, but not
all deaths in preterm infants.
c. Sum of individual proportions may not equal 100% due to rounding.
Life expectancy at birth among males (years)
Chad, 2004
Years
of Life
Lost
(000)
(%)
(%)
Causes
All causes
148
100
100
Lower respiratory infections
20
14
16
HIV/AIDS
18
12
13
Malaria
16
11
14
Diarrhoeal diseases
11
8
9
Perinatal conditions
9
6
8
Measles
6
5
6
Cerebrovascular disease
4
3
1
Ischaemic heart disease
4
3
1
Tuberculosis
3
2
2
Road traffic accidents
2
2
2
Source: Death and DALY estimates by cause, 2002
http://www.who.int/entity/healthinfo/statistics/bodgbddeathdalyestimates.xls
averagec
Causes
Total neonatal deaths
Neonatal tetanus
Causes of Death
Top ten causes of death, all ages
Chad, 2002
Regional
Life expectancy at birth among females (years)
Chad, 2004
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
Chad, 2000
Legend:
WHO African Region
Chad
Source: World Health Statistics 2006
Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
HEALTH STATUS STATISTICS MORBIDITY
a
YEARS
CHAD
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
HIV prevalence amond adults (15 - 49) (%)
Both sexes
2003
4.8
7.1
TB prevalence (per 100 000 population)
Both sexes
2004
566
518
TB incidence (per 100 000 population)
Both sexes
2004
279
356
Number of comfirmed polio cases
Both sexes
2005
2
854
YEARS
CHAD
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
29.1
28.0
1.5
17
...
…
40
32
30
0
95
98
…
…
…
14
…
…
84
45
58
28
…
…
…
...
…
2003
2003
2004
2004
18.3
3.7
25
17
…
…
…
…
… Data not available or not applicable.
a
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
BEHAVIOUR AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS
Non-communicable diseases - Infobase for the country
Chilfren under-5 stunted for age (Both sexes) (%)
Children under-5 underweight for age (Both sexes) (%)
Children under-5 overweight for age (Both sexes) (%)
Newborns with low birth weight(Both sexes) (%)
a
Population using solid fuels (%)
See ---> http://www.afro.who.int/dnc/infobase/Chad.pdf
2000
2000
2000
2000-2002
…
Males
Females
…
2002
Urban
Rural
2002
2002
Urban
Rural
2002
2003
Urban
Rural
2003
Prevalence of current tobacco use (%) Adolescents (13 - 15)
Both sexes
Adults (≥15) who are obese (%)
Access to improved water sources (%)
Access to improved sanitation (%)
Prevalence of current tobacco use (%) Adults (≥15)
Condom use by young people (15 - 24) at higher risk sex (%)
Males
Females
Males
Females
… Data not available or not applicable.
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
Measles
DTP3
HepB3
At least 1 visit
Antenatal care coverage
At least 4 visits
Births attended by skilled health personnel
Contraceptive prevalence rate
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
2004
2004
2004
1997
1997
2004
2000
56
50
...
51
13
14
7.9
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
66
66
35
…
…
…
…
Children under-5 sleeping under insecticide-treated nets
(%)
2000
0.6
…
Antiretroviral therapy coverage
TB detection rate under DOTS
TB detection treatment success DOTS
Children under-5 with ARI symptoms taken to facility
Children under-5 with diarrhoea receiving ORT
Children under-5 with fever who received treatment with any
antimalarial
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Dec 2005
2004
2003 cohort
2004
2004
17.0
16
78
11.8
27.8
17
48
72
…
…
(%)
2004
55.8
…
HEALTH SERVICES COVERAGE STATISTICS
Immunization coverage among 1-yearolds
a
YEARS
CHAD
Children 6-59 months who received vitamin A supplementation
(%)
2002
85.3
…
Births by Caesarean section
(%)
1996-97
1
…
YEARS
CHAD
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2004
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2003
2002
…
345
0.04
2 387
0.27
112
0.01
15
0.00
37
0.00
230
0.03
268
0.03
317
0.04
153
0.02
1 502
0.17
6.5
39.9
60.1
10.5
11.8
...
96.3
0.4
16
51
7
20
<25
...
… Data not available or not applicable.
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
HEALTH SYSTEMS STATISTICS
Physicians
Nurses
Midwives
Dentists
Pharmacists
Public and environmental health workers
Community Health workers
Lab technicians
Other health workers
Health management and support workers
a
Number
Density
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Number
Density per 1000
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product
General government expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure
External ressources for health as % of total expenditure on health
Social security expenditure on health as % of general government expenditure on health
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private expenditure on health
Private prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health
Per capita total expenditure on health at average exchange rate (US$)
Per capita total expenditure on health at international dollar rate
Per capita government expenditure on health at average exchange rate (US$)
Per capita government expenditure on health at international dollar rate
Coverage of vital registration of deaths (%)
Hospital beds (per 10 000)
… Data not available or not applicable.
WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH
Country Fact Sheet CHAD
Total numbers and densities of the health workforce in CHAD (2002)
Total number CHAD
345
2499
15
37
230
317
153
268
1502
5366
Physicians
Nurses and midwives
Dentists and technicians
Pharmacists and technicians
Environmental and public health workers
Laboratory technicians
Other health workers
Community health workers
Health management and support
Sum total
Density per
1000 CHAD
0.039
0.282
0.002
0.004
0.026
0.036
0.017
0.030
0.170
0.606
Density per
1000 AFRO
0.217
1.172
0.035
0.063
0.049
0.057
0.173
0.449
0.411
2.626
Densities of health workers in CHAD and in the African Region per 1000 population
1.400
1.200
1.000
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000
African Region
CHAD
Physicians
Nurses and
midwives
Dentists and
technicians
Pharmacists
and
technicians
Environ. and
public health
Laboratory
technicians
Other health
workers
Community
health
Management
and support
Distribution of health workforce by cadre
CHAD
6.4
African Region
12.5
Physicians
9.7
Nurses and midwives
28.0
Dentists and technicians
11.2
Pharmacists and technicians
Environ. and public health
5.0
46.6
2.9
5.9
4.3
0.7
Laboratory technicians
7.5
2.6
1.5
2.8
1.5
Other health workers
50.7
Community health
Management and support
Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
a
MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
GOAL 1: ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY AND HUNGER
4. Prevalence of underweight children under five years of age
5. Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
GOAL 4: REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY
13. Under-five mortality rate (per 1000 live births, %)
14. Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births, %)
15. Proportion of one-year-old children immunized against measles, %
GOAL 5: IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH
16.Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
17. Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
GOAL 6: COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES
18. HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24
- HIV prevalence among adults (15-49) %, both sexes
19. Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence rate
- Contraceptive prevalence rate
20. Number of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS
21. Prevalence rate associated with malaria
- Death rates associated with malaria (per 100 000)
22. Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria prevention and trreatment
measures
23. Prevalence rate associated with tuberculosis (per 100 000)
- Death rates associated with tuberculosis
24. Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS
- Proportion of tuberculosis cases cured under DOTS
GOAL 7: ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
29. Proportion of population using solid fuels
30. Proportion of population with sustainable access to improved water source, urban
- Proportion of population with sustainable access to improved water source, rural
31. Proportion of urban population with access to improved sanitation
- Proportion of rural population with access to improved sanitation
GOAL 8: DEVELOP A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT
46. Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a sustainable basis
YEARS
CHAD
WHO
AFRICAN
REGION
2000
…
28
…
26
…
1990
2003
2004
1990
2003
2004
2003
2004
209
200
200
118
117
117
61
56
...
171
167
...
...
100
63
66
1990
1995
2000
2003
2004
2000
1500
1500
1100
…
…
16
…
…
990
…
…
43
…
2003
…
2000
…
…
2000
…
4.8
…
7.9
…
…
232
…
7.1
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
1990
2000
2004
1990
2000
2004
2003
2004
2002
2003
209
370
566
26
41
82
11
16
72
78
317
…
518
41
…
81
50
48
73
72
2002
2002
2002
2002
2002
>95
40
32
30
0
76
84
45
58
28
…
…
…
… Data not available or not applicable.
THE WORLD HEALTH REPORT 2004 UPDATED WITH THE WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2006 http://www.who.int/whosis/en/
a
Country Health System Fact Sheet 2006
CHAD
Progres towards MDG Under-5 Mortality target
CHAD
Under-5 Mortality Rate
250
200
209
200
200
150
100
Target
70
50
0
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Year
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
CHAD vs Africa
1600
Maternal mortality ratio
1400
1500
1500
1200
1100
1000
800
910
1000
870
600
400
200
0
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
Year
CHAD
Africa
2000
2002