A summary of P2P
The P2P model looks systematically at:
Policy: Developing a strong foundation
of the importance of streetscapes & walking.
Prioritising: Once the hot spots have been
identified, our team audits each to
determine a course of action to include
tools such as the 5C approach.
Planning: Where to start? The
identification of hot spots using what we
term a ‘3D’ approach to include:
Destinations: The identification of
strategic destinations
Demography: Assessment of social data
at the collector district level
Documents: The review of localised
strategies and data which will assist in
the identification of priority areas
Pavement: The final aspect of the
framework addresses the design and
wayfinding in and around communities.
This includes actions based on standards
approach in response to obvious areas in
need of addressing from a safety point of
view and innovative strategies and design
considerations to enhance the walking
environment
Wayfinding Design Overview: Precincts & Movement
Future
Signed Route
City North
This diagram is a simplified representation of the precincts which will be connected by the
new wayfinding system. It highlights the 3 key precincts: City Centre, Riverside Walk &
Harris Park Heritage Walk and highlights the routes traversed and the links
connecting each precinct.
The diagram is not intended as an accurate representation of the geography.
Riverside Walk (Linear walk)
To & From The Harris Park Heritage Walk
Future
Signed Route
Signed Precinct
Parramatta Park
(Potential Circuit Walk)
Future Signed Precinct
Signed Route
City Centre
Signed Area
Signed Route
To Harris Park
Heritage Walk
Harris Park
Heritage Walk
(Circuit walk)
P2P
P2P
Policy 2 Pavement
One Eighty, has been working in partnership with Clouston Landscape
Architects (Sydney and Darwin based) and more recently Visualvoice
(Melbourne based wayfinding/walking maps company) on the development of
the P2P model to assist councils and developers to create active and vibrant
streetscapes.The importance of the local walking environment is critical to the
social, natural and economic aspects of communities, the P2P aproach looks
systematically at all area walking to deliver vibrant streetscapes.
The walking environments model referred to in these guidelines has been
evolved and refined over the last few years, including application through two
major projects in Sydney and Adelaide. The idea of our model is to offer clients
one or all of the above depending on their level of readiness to promote and
enhance the urban form to create sustainable walking environments. For more information, please contact: Mark Band
Harris Park
Shopping Centre
SA
Director: Crosbie Lorimer
[email protected]
Director: Mark Band
[email protected]
CLOUSTON Associates
Landscape Architects, Urban Designers
Landscape Planners
PO Box 44, Leichhardt, NSW 2040
Telephone (02) 9569 3388
One Eighty Sports and Leisure Solutions
Sport & Leisure Planners
207 The Parade
Norwood, SA 5067
Telephone (08) 8431 6180
Policy
www.clouston.com.au
www.180sls.com.au
Planning
VIC
Useful Links:
Pavement
VISUALVOICE
Wayfinding Strategy & Design
Wayfinding Consultant: Bruce Herbes
[email protected]
Some typical outputs from the P2P model
include a summary matrix of locality access
and street by street audit summary sheets.
walk, stroll, amble, stride, wander, ramble
NSW
Signed Precinct
Signed Route
A quick guide to
walking environments
Visualvoice
Urban Wayfinding Consultants
PO Box 128, Sandringham, VIC 3191
Telephone (03) 9569 3388
www.visualvoice.com.au
Premiers Council for Active Living
www.pcal.nsw.gov.au
Heart Foundation
www.heartfoundation.org.au
Planning Institute of Australia
www.planning.org.au
search for ‘Healthy Spaces & Places’
Victoria Walks
www.victoriawalks.org.au
Walk 21
www.walk21.com
NSW Health
www.health.nsw.gov.au
search for ‘Simply Active’
Policy2Pavement
creating vibrant streetscapes
Prioritising
Policy2Pavement
creating vibrant streetscapes
A quick guide to
walking environments
Outlined briefly below are answers
to some of the questions that are
frequently asked about walking
environments and how the P2P
model addresses these issues.
Why do we need to address
walking environments?
The health benefits of any form of physical
exercise are well known to us all; so with
walking being significantly the most popular
form of regular exercise in which Australians
participate the role of healthy urban
environments is pivotal in meeting that demand.
While health agencies encourage us to take at
least 30 minutes of exercise a day, it is however
the progressive reduction in our day-to-day
incidental physical activity that poses the most
serious health risks. Even those who take
vigorous exercise but otherwise have highly
sedentary working lives are not immune to
lifestyle generated diseases such as Type 2
Diabetes.
So any hurdles within our urban environments
that discourage us from walking everyday are
also impediments to our community’s collective
health. In essence the park and the gym no
longer become the sole focus for our physical
wellbeing and our streets and public spaces
take on a vital community health role.
How do we know how
walkable our local
environment is?
While most of us will instinctively know when a
place is conducive or not for walking (noise,
safety, lack of amenity and the like) the reality is
that many localities contain both healthy and
unhealthy walking environments; importantly
also, the distance between the two may often
be as little as a short street block. It becomes
important therefore to quantify the criteria that
indicate healthy spaces, what the objectives are
for a locality and then to audit that locality
against those criteria.
How do we identify the
localities with the highest
need?
Most organisations seeking to implement
healthy active urban environments are
constrained by budget limits, so the need to
ensure that every dollar spent achieves the
maximum possible return becomes a priority.
Rather than spreading the funding across a
whole local government area our model
provides a simple methodology for focusing on
the areas of highest need.
In every step of the process whether you
choose to start from policy or simply intersect at
the urban design stage the model is geared to
targeting the areas of greatest need. The
decision then rests with the user as to where
they may wish to start in the process. The
model also adapts readily to revisiting policy as
the project evolves, even if the preferred
starting point was focused originally on the
urban fabric.
How would the model adapt
to our local objectives?
In the same way that each region, district or
locality is characterised by a unique geography,
so too the walking environments of any given
area are specific to that place. So while the
broad structure of our model can be applied to
all localities the specific focus of analysis and
audit is tailored to the objectives of the client,
the demography of the district and the fabric of
the urban environment.
Thus for instance the factors assessed in our
street audit template are adapted specifically to
each project before we commence surveying in
the field and then they are piloted before the full
survey is undertaken.
Policy
Prioritising
Walking strategy
The what’s & why’s
of walking
Destinations
Street audits
Targeted planning
Urban design
Wayfinding
Planning
Pavement
P2P
Demography
Documents
Does this model address
retrofitting existing
environments?
Many of the agencies involved in planning
active environments have developed excellent
guidelines that address greenfield sites, places
where current best practice can most readily be
introduced. In practice however the localities
with the least walkable environments are
usually long established urban centres where
planning for the car has been the historic focus.
The model we have developed and tested
provides a simple and practical approach to
auditing the performance of the existing
environment and, as importantly, what capacity
that locality has to adapt effectively to a
changed development scenario; an approach of
particular importance when planning for urban
consolidation.
What are legible streets
Smart cities around the world recognise that
legible streets are liveable streets. Our model
grades the legibility of the streetscape and its
destinations. The model can guide streetscape
improvements and provide options to promote
walking, such as pedestrian wayfinding.
Where do bicycles fit in this
equation?
While this guide has focused on walking
environments, the spaces that are suited to
walking are often shared with other users such
as recreational, fitness and commuter cyclists;
sometimes with potential user conflicts.The
consultant team with whom we have been
evolving our model in South Australia and NSW
involves some of Australia’s leading experts on
bicycle planning and consequently we are
incorporating the latest thinking in integrated
bicycle planning, an area in which policy,
strategies, standards and user management
are evolving very quickly.
creating vibrant streetscapes
What might it cost to develop
a policy to pavement
strategy?
While much will depend on the scale of area to
be addressed and the degree of
comprehensiveness that the client may wish to
pursue in applying the model, the processes
involved are not lengthy nor do they require
extensive resources to complete.
In some cases, such as with street audits, we
can provide simple on-site training to the
client’s staff or members of the community to
assist in completing surveys. By way of some
guidance recent project fees have ranged from
$15,000 for a growth area locality audit to
$50,000 for a comprehensive policy and
strategy development for an entire LGA.
Where can we go for
further reading?
Wayfinding signage promoting
and supporting walking
Several agencies in Australia and overseas
publish statistical data and broad planning
principles for active spaces and places. These
documents provide an excellent grounding for
planners and environmental health
professionals in understanding the background
to this topic (see useful web sites overleaf).
It is from just such sources that our model has
built a practical and economical template to
help users move from policy to pavement.
Policy2Pavement
creating vibrant streetscapes