Topic # 5.9
GPS: 8e
Simple Machines
Funsheet
Name: ______________________
Date: ___/____/____ Per: ___
PS
SPS8. Students will determine relationships among force,
mass, and motion. e. Calculate amounts of work and
mechanical advantage using simple machines.
Directions: After reading section 5.3 in your textbook, fill in the blanks below.
Section 3: Simple Machines
1.
A. A machine that does work with only one movement is a
that doesn’t move; force is not multiplied but direction
________________________.
is changed; MA = 1.
B. _______________—bar that is free to pivot about a fixed
2.
point called the fulcrum
1.
2.
3.
consisting of fixed and movable pulleys; MA = number
____________________ arm is part of the lever that
of ropes supporting resistance weight
D. ________________________—machine with two wheels of
Three classes of levers based on ___________________
different sizes rotating together; modified lever form
of effort force, resistance force, and fulcrum
1.
_____________________ lever—fulcrum is located
and changes direction of force
b.
2.
E.
___________ are a modified form of the wheel and axle.
________________________—sloping surface that reduces
______________________ lever—resistance force
the amount of force required to do work
is located between the effort force and fulcrum;
1.
always multiplies force
c.
MA = radius of wheel ______________ by
the radius of axle
between the effort and resistance forces; multiplies
_____________________ lever—effort force is
multiply force but does increase distance over
which force is applied
MA = length of slope (effort distance)
____________ by height of slope (resistance distance)
2.
between the resistance force and fulcrum; doesn’t
_______________ is required if a ramp is longer and
less steep.
F.
_______________—inclined plane wrapped
in a spiral around a cylindrical post
Calculating ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a
G. Inclined plane with one or two sloping sides is a __________.
lever—MA equals length of ________________ arm
H. __________________________—uses a
divided by length of output arm.
C.
__________________________—system of pulleys
lever on which effort force is applied.
a.
4.
A ______________ pulley has one end of the rope fixed
and the wheel free to move; multiplies force; MA = 2.
________________ arm is part of the
exerts the resistance force.
3.
A _______________ pulley is attached to something
combination of two or more simple machines
Grooved wheel with a rope, simple chain,
or cable running along the groove is a
________________, which is a modified first-class lever.
Directions: Find the word that is being described in the five terms related to
machines. Write each word in the boxes to the right. Use only one letter in each box.
Use the circled letters to find the missing term in the equation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
push or pull
used with an axle
measure of how much work put into a machine is changed to useful
work put out by the machine
exertion of a force through a distance
type of machine made up of two or more simple machines
Equation: ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ = work/time
Directions: In the space, write the term that best completes each statement. Use the terms listed in the box.
1.
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylindrical post is a _________________________________.
2.
A doorknob is an example of a ____________________________________.
3.
A grooved wheel with a rope or a chain running along the groove is a ________________________________.
4.
Screws and wedges are types of _____________________________________.
5.
A system of pulleys is called a ____________________________________.
block and tackle
screw
inclined planes
pulley
wheel and axle
Directions: Solve the puzzle by writing the term that best fits each definition. You will
find another term spelled vertically.
6. An automobile is this kind of machine.
7.
distance from center of a circle to its edge
8.
fixed point on which a lever rotates
9.
A measure of the amount a machine multiplies a force is its ___ advantage.
10. A fixed pulley changes the ___ of a force.
11. a force that opposes motion
12. simple machines made up of two inclined planes
13. inclined plane wrapped around a cylindrical post
Directions: Unscramble the terms in italics to complete the
sentences below. Write the terms on the lines provided.
_______________________ 1.
The force that is applied to the machine is the oftref force.
_______________________ 2.
When a force is applied through a distance, krow is done.
_______________________ 3.
A device that makes work easier is a himcaen.
_______________________ 4.
The work done to a machine is iutnp work.
_______________________ 5.
A machine in which input work is equal to output work is an ilead machine.
_______________________ 6.
A device that does work with only one movement is a plimes machine.
_______________________ 7.
The number of times a machine multiplies the effort force is the leahincamc gavetadna.
_______________________ 8.
The work done by a machine is the touupt work.
_______________________ 9.
A machine makes work easier by changing the size or direction of the ceorf exerted on an object.
_______________________ 10. The force applied by a machine to overcome another force is the stirnecesa force.
Directions: In the blank at the left, write the name of the simple machine represented by each example.
_______________________ 1.
staircase
_______________________ 5.
knife
_______________________ 2.
spiral staircase
_______________________ 6.
screwdriver
_______________________ 3.
crowbar
_______________________ 7.
block and tackle
_______________________ 4.
bicycle pedals
_______________________ 8.
ramp
Directions: In the spaces provided, label the following diagram by writing the letter of the term that correctly identifies each part.
A. fulcrum
B.
output arm
C.
input arm
D. resistance force
E.
effort force
Directions: Calculate the ideal mechanical advantage for each of the machines shown. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
MA = Foutput
Finput
14.
15.
16.