The Duckling Theater Presents….
the skull
the ducklings
Cranium
-The outer cranium is made up of four major
structures with various landmarks
-Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, and Occipital bones
-Sutures
Sutures
Also known as Cranial Sutures, they are fibers that
hold the bone plates of the skull together
Also called Sharpey’s Fibers, they are strong
connective tissues and collagen fibers that connect
the periosteun to the bone.
Frontal and Parietal
bones
The frontal bone of the skull covers the forehead
and extends over to the center to cover the frontal
lobe of the brain...it protects the brain from most
direct impacts
The parietal bone of the skull covers the central
area of the skull and extends sideways to protect
the parietal lobes of the brain...
Temporal and Occipital
Bones
Temporal bone plates are located around the sides of
the skull and extend down to ear….they protect the
temporal lobes of the brain
Occipital bone is located around the back of the skull
and roughly covers the occipital lobe of the brain….it
also encloses the foramen magnum
Foramen Magnum
A large hole at the base of the skull which allows
passage of the spinal cord.
Sella Turcica
Holds the pituitary gland and it was called the
Turkish Saddle because of its shape
Auditory ossicles
• Found in the middle ear, which is
found in the mastiod process of the
temporal bone
• Malleus – shaped like a hammer
• Incus – shaped like an anvil
• Stapes – shaped like a stirrup
• Sound travels through each of these
in this order reaching the inner ear
which turns the vibrations into
electrical impulses which are fed to
the brain
Malleus
• When infected and/or damaged can
be replaced by a man made part
• The tensor tympani muscle pulls on
the malleus restricting its movement
• Outermost of Auditory ossicles.
• Attatched to tympanic membrane
• Club Shaped head articulates with
incus
• Transmits sound vibration to the
incus
Incus
• The middle of the three auditory ossicles
• Has cartilage attachments to the malleus
and stapes
• Joints make it freely moveable, but
ligaments constrain the movement
• Ligaments attach the short process to the
end of the middle ear and attach the body
to the roof of the middle ear and restrict
it’s movement
• The cartilage that attaches to the stapes
tends to ossify in older people
Stapes
•
Stirriup shaped bone in the middle ear
•
Transmits sound vibrations from the incus to the oval window in the ear
•
Smallest bone in body
The End!!!!!!!!!