Topic # 3.3
GPS: 9a,b,c
Name: ______________________
Electromagnetic Waves
& Light Funsheet
Date: ___/____/____ Per: ___
PS
SPS9a Recognize that all waves transfer energy. SPS9b Relate frequency
and wavelength to the energy of different types of electromagnetic waves
and mechanical waves. SPS9c Compare and contrast the characteristics
of electromagnetic and mechanical (sound) waves.
Directions: After reading sections 12.1 and 12.2 in your textbook, fill in the blanks below.
Section 1: What are electromagnetic waves?
Section 2: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
A. Electromagnetic waves are made by vibrating electric
charges and can travel through _______________.
B. Electric and magnetic fields—related _______________ that
operate even in empty space
1. A ___________ electric charge creates a magnetic field.
2. _________________ magnetic fields create changing
electric fields and vice versa.
C. Electromagnetic waves are produced when an electric charge
is __________________.
1. Vibrating electric charges are ___________________ by
vibrating electric and magnetic fields.
2. Vibrating electric and magnetic fields travel
________________ from the moving charge.
D. Properties of electromagnetic _______________—carry
radiant energy
1. Frequency and wavelength—as frequency
__________________, wavelength decreases
a. Frequency is the number of ___________________
per second; measured in hertz.
b. Wavelength is the _________________ from one
crest to another and is measured in meters.
2. Wave speed—in the vacuum of space = _____________;
electromagnetic waves slow as they travel through
matter.
E. Waves and particles—____________________ not clear
1. Light can behave as a particle, a _______________,
whose energy depends on frequency.
2. All __________________ can behave like a wave
A. The entire ______________ of electromagnetic wave
frequencies is called the electromagnetic spectrum.
B. ______________ waves—low-frequency electromagnetic
waves with wavelengths from less than a centimeter to about
1000 meters
1. Microwaves—radio wave lengths of about 1 to ____ cm
2. ____________—radio waves bounced off an object to
determine its speed and location
3. ___________ ____________ __________ (MRI)—radio
waves produce an image of the inside of the body
C. Infrared waves—electromagnetic wave with a slightly
_______________ frequency than radio waves; people feel it
as thermal energy or warmth
D. __________ _________—has wavelengths between about
390 to 770 billionth of a meter; can be seen with the eye
E. _______________ __________—have frequencies slightly
higher than visible light; can damage skin
1. Ultraviolet light can kill _________________.
2. Ultraviolet light can be absorbed by some _______________
materials and released as visible light.
3. _____________ layer above Earth’s surface absorbs most
of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet waves.
F. _____________ and gamma rays—ultra-high-frequency EM
waves that can travel through matter, break molecular bonds,
and damage cells. These waves carry the most energy.
1. X rays are used to provide images of ______________ and
to examine suitcases at airports without opening them.
2. Radiation therapy is used to ___________ diseased cells.
Directions: List the types of EM wave found
at each number on the spectrum to the left.
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
6. _______________________________
7. _______________________________
True or False? The types of waves listed
above are in order of lowest to highest
frequency.
Color in the visible part of the EM Spectrum in the boxes to the right.
Use the following colors: orange, blue, yellow, red, green, violet. Put
the color with the longest wavelength and lowest frequency on the far
left. Put the color with the shortest wavelength and highest frequency
on the far right. Then fill in the other colors in the correct order.
Directions: Listed below are nine ordinary activities. Write a Y on the line beside each act that requires or produces electromagnetic
waves. Write an N beside those that do not.
____ 1. listening to CDs
____ 4. smelling perfume
____ 7. reading a book
____ 2. whispering in someone’s ear
____ 5. making ripples in water
____ 8. making toast
____ 3. examining luggage at an airport
____ 6. getting a suntan
____ 9. playing a drum
Directions: Circle the term that correctly completes the sentence.
1.
Electromagnetic waves are made by vibrating electrical charges that travel through (space, matter).
2.
Light can behave as a particle, called a (neutron, photon) whose energy depends on the frequency.
3.
One Hz is one vibration each (second, minute).
4.
As the frequency of a wave (increases, decreases), the wavelength becomes smaller.
5.
The (speed, intensity) of the wave depends upon the material the wave travels through.
6.
The energy carried by an electromagnetic wave is called (radiant energy, magnetism).
7.
All electromagnetic waves travel at 300,000,000 m/s through a (vacuum, diamond).
Directions: After reading sections 13.1 and 13.2 in your textbook, fill in the blanks below.
Section 1: The Behavior of Light
1.
_______________________—indicates how much a
material reduces the speed of light; the more light is
slowed, the ___________ the index of refraction
__________—separate white light into visible spectrum
based on light wavelengths
____________—caused by water droplets refracting
wavelengths of sunlight
Refraction of light through air layers of different
densities can result in a _____________.
A. Light and matter—objects must __________ light to be seen.
1. __________ materials do not allow light to pass through
them; they only absorb and reflect light.
2.
2. Some light passes through _______________ materials.
3. _______________ materials allow almost all light to
3.
pass through them; only a little light is absorbed and
reflected.
4.
B. Reflection of light—a light wave strikes an object and
_______________
Section 2: Light and Color
1. ___________________—the angle at which light strikes A. ________—determined by wavelength of light an object reflects
a surface is the same as the angle at which it is reflected
1. Objects appear to be _________ because they reflect all
2. ___________ reflection—reflection of light waves from
colors of visible light.
a smooth surface
2. Objects appear to be _________ because they absorb,
3. diffuse reflection—reflection of light waves from a
rather than reflect, all colors of visible light.
__________ surface
white
3.
C.
_______________________—change in the speed of a light
wave when it passes from one material to another
black
Filter—transparent material that ___________ all colors
except the color or colors it transmits. Filters can make
objects appear to be different __________.
Directions: Complete the paragraphs using the words listed in the box.
For you to see an object, it must 1. ____________________ light. A 2. ____________________ reflection shows a clear
image, like that in a mirror. A brick wall causes a 3. ____________________ reflection. A material through which nearly
all light passes is 4. ____________________. A material that lets some light pass through is 5. ___________________.
No light passes through 6. ____________________ objects. 7. ____________________ light is a mixture of all visible
wavelengths of the spectrum. 8. ____________________ objects absorb all colors and reflect little light. White light is
separated into the colors of the spectrum through 9. ____________________. One way of producing color is by the use
of a 10. ____________________, a transparent object that 11. ____________________ some colors and allows others to
pass through. The color of the filter is the same as the color of light it 12. ____________________.
Visible light can be separated into different colors by using a 13. ____________________. A mirage results from light
being refracted through 14. ____________________ of different densities. 15. ____________________ is a property of
a material that indicates how much it reduces the speed of light.
absorbs
air layers
black
diffuse
filter
index of
refraction
opaque
prism
reflect
refraction
regular
translucent
transmits
transparent
white
Directions: For each of the following, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes the sentence.
____ 1. An object that does not allow light to pass through it is:
____ 6. Some light passes through a(n) ___ material.
a.
translucent
c. opaque
a.
b.
transparent
d. refractive
b. transparent
____ 2. Visible light can be separated into different colors by
translucent
c. opaque
d. refractive
____ 7. ___ is a property of a material that indicates how much
using a ___.
it reduces the speed of light.
a.
tennis ball
c. mirage
a.
b.
prism
d. brick
b. Reflection
____ 3. Almost all of the light passes through a(n) ___ material.
Translucence
c. Refraction
d. Index of refraction
____ 8. A mirror can produce a clear image due to____.
a.
translucent
c. opaque
a.
b.
transparent
d. refractive
b. translucent properties d. diffuse reflection
____ 4. A mirage results from light being refracted through ___
the index of refraction c. regular reflection
____ 9. Seven colors in a rainbow in order of increasing
of different densities.
wavelength are ___.
a.
liquids
c. transparent solids
a.
b.
translucent solids
d. air layers
b. blue, green, yellow, indigo, orange, violet, red
____ 5. According to the law of reflection, the angle at which
light strikes a surface is ___ the angle at which light is
reflected.
c.
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
red, violet, orange, indigo, yellow, green, blue
d. violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red
____ 10. No clear image is formed by ___ of light.
a.
the same as
c. less than
a.
b.
slightly larger than
d. much larger than
b. regular reflection
Directions: Use the clues below to complete the crossword puzzle.
Across
3. Soak up, for example, light rays
5. Colored material that absorbs some colors but reflects others
7. Color that results from mixing red and yellow pigments
9. Primary light colors are this type
11. Primary pigments are this type
Down
1. Light produced by mixing all colors of the visible spectrum
2. Colors that can be mixed to produce any other colors
4. Color of an object that absorbs all light
6. Nerve cells you use to distinguish colors
8. Type of nerve cells on retina that allow
you to see dim light
10. The color you see if you are looking at
light that has no red or blue
the index of refraction c. diffuse reflection
d. rays
Directions: Match the type of EM wave in
the box to the corresponding number on the
spectrum to the left.
1. ____
2. ____
3
1
2
5
4
6
3. ____
7
4. ____
5. ____
6. ____
7. ____
Directions: Complete the concept map using the terms in the box.
radiant energy
X rays
infrared waves
matter
ultraviolet waves
visible light
Section 3: Radio Communication
A. Radio _____________________—radio converts electromagnetic waves into sound waves
1. The _____________________ is the specific frequency of the radio wave to which a radio station is assigned.
2. AM radio stations broadcast electronic signals by varying the __________________ of the carrier wave; frequencies range from
540 to 1,600 thousand vibrations per second.
3. FM radio stations transmit electronic signals by varying the ________________ of the carrier wave; frequencies range from 88
million to 108 million vibrations per second.
B. ___________________—sounds and images changed into electronic signals broadcast by carrier waves
1. Audio sent by ___________ radio waves.
2. Video sent by ___________ signals.
3. A sealed vacuum chamber called a cathode-ray tube has a coated screen that receives ___________ beams to provide
images.
C. Telephones—microphone converts ____________________ into electrical signal
1. ___________________—electrical signal creates a radio wave that is transmitted to and from a microwave tower
2. _______________________—uses a transceiver to send one radio signal and receive another at a different frequency from a
base unit
3. __________—a radio receiver on which a message is left
D. Communication satellites—high frequency ______________ signal is transmitted to a satellite, which amplifies it and returns it to
Earth at a different frequency
1. Satellite telephone systems—_______________ phones transmit radio signals to a satellite, which relays them back to a
ground station that passes the call into the telephone network
2.
E.
Television satellites—uses ___________________ rather than longer-wavelength radio wave; ground receiver dish focuses the
microwave beam onto an antenna
___________________________ system—system of satellites, ground stations, and receivers that provide information about the
receiver’s location on or above the Earth’s surface
Directions: Write the term that matches each description in the spaces provided.
The vertical boxed letters will answer question 13.
1. The speed of an electromagnetic wave is affected by the _____ it travels through.
2.
Method of finding position and movement of objects using radio waves
3.
Ultraviolet light can kill these.
4.
You feel _____ waves as heat.
5.
A system of satellites that help locate a specific place on the Earth’s surface.
6.
Gamma rays and X rays are useful when used in _____.
7.
Radio signals are broadcast by _____ waves.
8.
_____ light can be detected by the eye.
9.
Radio waves carry a _____ from a station to your home.
10. _____ can heat your food.
11. The layer of Earth’s atmosphere vital to life
12. When protons flip in a magnetic field, _____ is released.
13. How are radio waves moved from place to place? ______________________________